48个英语国际音标元音辅音及发音规则应用方法练习题
英语国际音标练习题

语音的基本常识1. 关于语音的几个概念1. 1) 字母:语言的书写形式。
元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,2) 音标:词的语音形式。
3) 音素:音的最小的单位。
英语中有48音素。
4) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。
ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand5) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。
英语中有20元音。
6) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。
英语中有28辅音。
7) 开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音he, go, hi8) 闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it9) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
2. 读音规则1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)2) 非重读音节[ ] banana, student, today, after, [i] orange, secret, evening, very, Monday3. 特殊读音1)音的连读:前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。
例如:not at all, half an hour, I love you and all. after all2)失去爆破:辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破。
例如:good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme3)音的同化:两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音。
例如:Would you do it? I am glad to meet you. Can't you see it? last year, this year,4)浊化音以sp__, st___, sk___开头的单词清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。
48个国际音标发音练习题册

音标发音练习音标发音要领单词句子[ a: ] 是长元音。
发音时口张大,舌身压低并后缩,后舌稍隆起,舌尖不抵下齿,双唇稍收圆。
arm[a:m]farm[ fa:m ]The park is far fromthe farm.[ ʌ ] 发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,舌后部靠前部分稍抬起,唇形稍扁,开口度较大。
up [ ʌp ] cup [kʌp]No money, no honey[ ɔ:] 长元音,舌后部抬高,舌尖离开下齿,双唇收紧呈圆形,肌肉紧张,类似于普通话中的“奥”音。
or[ɔ:(r)]door[dɔ:(r)]I saw a horse in thehall.[ ɒ ] 短元音,嘴巴张开,上下齿分开,双唇呈圆形肌肉松弛,发音短促而有力。
类似于“欧”的声音。
pot[ pɒt ] hot [ hɒt ] The pot is hot.[ ɜ: ] 长元音,发音时舌头放松,双唇自然张开,声音响亮。
类似汉字“饿”的发音。
word[wɜ:rd]world[wɜ:ld ]I know the word ofthe world.[ə] 短元音,发音时舌尖略微触及下齿,嘴角轻微向两边拉伸,发音短而弱,类似“呃”短促点儿的音。
apart[əˈpart]worker[wɜ:kə(r)]Her father is aworker.[i:] 长元音,舌前部尽量抬高,舌尖轻抵下齿。
牙齿微张,嘴唇分开像两边嘴角移动,像微笑的表情。
sheep[ʃi:p] leap[li:p] Seeing is believing.[ɪ] 短元音,舌前部抬高,但略低于舌位。
嘴唇放松,微微张开。
ship [ʃɪp] lip[lɪp]Zip your lips.[u:] 长元音,将舌后部抬起,并向后缩。
嘴唇呈圆形突出,嘴部和舌头肌肉呈紧张状态,类似汉字的“乌”。
food[fu:d] fruit[fru:t]I cook the food.[ʊ] 短元音,发音时双唇收圆,肌肉尽量放松,舌后部抬起,舌尖离开下齿,振动声带即可。
48个国际音标表通用版(含发音规则和单词句子练习))

国际音标学习看音标+找规律+记单词(含1000个最常用的英语单词及200个高频口语句子)48个国际音标表一. 长元音[i:]1、发音技巧:关键是发音时尽量拉长,把音发足,发饱满。
舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高,口形扁平。
e:Chinese 中国人ee:feeling 感情ei:receive 接到ea:please 请ie:believe 相信eo : people 人民2、词汇拓展:deal交易see看见beat击打asleep睡着的compete 竞争3、口语操练:1)Chinese people are hard-working and brave.中国人民勤劳勇敢。
2)Believe in yourself. 要相信自己。
3)It is a big deal! 这是件大事!二. 短元音[i]1、发音技巧:经典收小腹减肥短衣音,简称“短衣音”。
发音短促,干脆。
舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高,口形扁平。
i : visit 参观 e : English英语u : busy忙ee : been曾经是y : pretty漂亮的ui : build建造2、词汇拓展:six 六eleven 十一trip 旅行list 表格movie 电影3、口语操练:1)Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
2)I'm pretty busy.我很忙。
3)Have a nice trip!祝旅途愉快!三.元音[e]1、发音技巧:“小开口45度”音,简称为“45度”音。
发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌位比[i:]低;唇形中常,开口度比[i:]大。
e:remember记得question 问题ea:weather天气pleasant 令人愉快的2、词汇拓展:pen 钢笔bed 床several 几个every 每个egg 卵3、口语操练:1)Better late than never. 迟到总比不到好。
英语国际音标表48个发音教学

英语国际音标表48个发音教学一、元音(20个)1. 长元音(5个)- /ɑ:/- 发音方法:口张大,舌身压低并后缩,舌尖不抵下齿,双唇稍收圆。
例如:car(汽车),far(远的),class(班级)。
- /ɔ:/- 发音方法:双唇收得又圆又小,并向前突出,舌尖不触下齿,舌身往后缩。
例如:dog(狗),box(盒子),hot(热的)。
- /ɜ:/- 发音方法:舌身尽量降低并向后缩,舌尖不抵下齿,舌中部向硬腭尽量抬起,嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。
例如:bird(鸟),girl(女孩),nurse(护士)。
- /u:/- 发音方法:双唇收圆,突出,舌尖离开下齿,舌身后缩,舌尖不触下齿,舌尖尽量向软腭靠近并保持紧张。
例如:blue(蓝色的),ruler(尺子),juice(果汁)。
- /əʊ/- 发音方法:由/əʊ/滑向/ʊ/,舌尖抵住下齿,舌身向硬腭尽量抬起,嘴唇向两旁伸开,由扁平到收圆。
例如:go(去),no(不),so(所以)。
2. 短元音(7个)- /ʌ/- 发音方法:舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,舌身稍向后缩,舌尖不抵下齿,舌中部向硬腭尽量抬起,嘴唇向两旁伸开。
例如:bus(公共汽车),cup(杯子),duck(鸭子)。
- /ɒ/- 发音方法:双唇收圆,稍突出,舌尖不触下齿,舌身尽量往后缩。
例如:box(盒子),hot(热的),dog(狗)。
- /əʊ/- 发音方法:由/əʊ/滑向/ʊ/,舌尖抵住下齿,舌身向硬腭尽量抬起,嘴唇向两旁伸开,由扁平到收圆。
例如:go(去),no(不),so(所以)。
- /u/- 发音方法:双唇收圆,稍突出,舌尖离开下齿,舌身后缩,舌尖不触下齿,舌尖尽量向软腭靠近但不紧张。
例如:book(书),look(看),good(好的)。
- /e/- 发音方法:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬腭尽量抬起,嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形。
例如:pen(钢笔),red(红色的),bed(床)。
- /æ/- 发音方法:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬腭尽量抬起,嘴唇向两旁伸开,舌尖不抵下齿。
48个英语国际音标、元音、辅音及发音规则应用方法

48个英语国际音标、元音、辅音及发音规则应用方法The English language is known for its complex and diverse pronunciation, with a wide range of sounds and variations. To help standardize and teach the proper pronunciation of English words, the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) was developed. The IPA consists of 48 symbols that represent the various sounds of the English language, including vowels, consonants, and diphthongs. Understanding and applying these symbols and their associated rules is crucial for effective communication and language learning.Vowels are one of the fundamental building blocks of the English language, and the IPA provides a clear and concise way to represent them. There are 12 pure vowel sounds in English, each with its own unique symbol and characteristics. These include the short vowels /ɪ/, /ɛ/, /æ/, /ʌ/, /ʊ/, and /ɒ/, as well as the long vowels /i:/, /ɑ:/, /ɔ:/, /u:/, /ɜ:/, and /ɛ:/. Each of these vowels has a specific tongue position, lip rounding, and duration, which contribute to their distinct sound.In addition to the pure vowels, the IPA also includes several diphthongs, which are combinations of two vowel sounds. The English language has eight diphthongs, represented by the symbols /eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /aʊ/, /əʊ/, /ɪə/, /ɛə/, and /ʊə/. These diphthongs are formed by the smooth transition from one vowel sound to another, creating a more complex and dynamic pronunciation.Consonants are the other essential component of the English language, and the IPA provides a comprehensive set of symbols to represent them. There are 24 consonant sounds in English, each with its own unique characteristics and articulation. These include the plosives /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, and /g/, the fricatives /f/, /v/, /θ/, /ð/,/s/, /z/, /ʃ/, /ʒ/, and /h/, the affricates /tʃ/ and /dʒ/, the nasals /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/, the liquids /l/ and /r/, and the semivowels /w/ and /j/.Each of these consonant sounds is produced through a specific combination of tongue, lip, and airflow movements, and understanding the nuances of their articulation is crucial for accurate pronunciation. For example, the plosive sounds /p/, /t/, and /k/ are produced by completely obstructing the airflow and then releasing it, while the fricative sounds /f/, /s/, and /ʃ/ are produced by forcing air through a narrow opening, creating a hissing or sibilant sound.In addition to the individual vowel and consonant sounds, the IPA also includes symbols to represent various prosodic features of theEnglish language, such as stress, tone, and intonation. These features are essential for conveying the correct meaning and emphasis in speech, and understanding them is crucial for effective communication.The application of the IPA and its associated rules is essential for a wide range of language-related activities, including language learning, phonetic transcription, and speech therapy. For language learners, the IPA provides a clear and consistent way to represent the sounds of the target language, making it easier to understand and practice proper pronunciation. In phonetic transcription, the IPA is used to represent the exact pronunciation of words, which is particularly useful in linguistic research and analysis. In speech therapy, the IPA is used to diagnose and treat speech and language disorders, as it provides a detailed and precise way to describe the individual sounds and their production.To effectively apply the IPA and its associated rules, it is important to have a solid understanding of the underlying principles and characteristics of the various sounds. This includes knowledge of the articulatory features of each sound, such as the position of the tongue, lips, and airflow, as well as an awareness of the contextual factors that can influence pronunciation, such as stress, intonation, and vowel reduction.Additionally, it is important to practice and develop proficiency in using the IPA symbols and applying the associated rules. This can be achieved through activities such as phonetic transcription exercises, listening and production practice, and exposure to a variety of English accents and dialects.In conclusion, the International Phonetic Alphabet and its associated rules are essential tools for understanding and effectively communicating in the English language. By mastering the 48 IPA symbols and their application, language learners, linguists, and speech therapists can improve their ability to accurately represent and produce the diverse range of sounds that make up the English language. Through continued study and practice, the IPA can become a powerful resource for enhancing language skills and fostering more effective communication.。
48个英语国际音标发音规则及练习

48个英语国际音标发音规则及练习元音1、前元音[i:] [І] [e] [æ]所谓前元音是指发音时要使用舌前部,也就是说舌前部要向硬腭抬起,舌尖要抵住下齿,口形扁平,不要收圆。
四个前元音中发[i:]的时候舌前部抬得最高,牙床近乎全合。
发[І]的时候舌前部比[i:]稍低,牙床也开得稍大一些。
上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。
发第三个前元音[e]的时候舌前部比[І]又要第一些,牙床也开得更大一些。
上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。
发第四个前元音[æ]的时候舌前部最低,牙床开得最大。
上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指加中指。
[i:]meheshetheseChinesemeet[І]sitsix is it this milk[e]desk pen bed egg red[æ]bag map apple cat hand2、后元音[ɑ:] [Λ] [ɔ:] [ʊ] [u:] [ɒ]所谓后元音是指发音时要使用舌的后部,也就是说舌后部要向软腭抬起。
发后元音时舌尖可以不抵下齿。
除了后元音[ɑ:]要用中常唇外,其它四个音都要用圆唇,发音时嘴要拢圆。
个别的音如[ʊ] [u:]嘴唇还要向前突出。
其次,要注意后元音的舌位。
五个后元音中[ɑ:]的舌位最低,开口最大。
[Λ]的舌位比[ɑ:]稍高,开口度比[ɑ:]稍小。
[ɔ:]的舌位比[Λ]又要更高一些。
[ʊ]的舌位比[ɔ:]又要高一些,开口度再小一些。
[u:]的舌位最高,开口最小。
发[ɒ]音时,要注意双唇收圆,不然容易发成[ɑ:],所以学习这个音时可以先发[ɑ:],然后将双唇收圆,就会发出[ɒ]音。
[ɑ:] part half ask class father[Λ] cut love touch bus come[ɔ:] sort door saw talk four[ʊ] put book woman look could[u:]do zoo blue ruler move[ɒ] top cock box what want3、中元音[З:] [ə]所谓中元音是指发音时要使用舌的中部,也就是说舌的中部要稍稍抬起,舌尖可以轻抵下齿,口形扁平或中常。
48个英语国际音标及练习

1 元音:1) [i:] 舌抵下齿,双唇扁平作微笑状,发“一”之长音。
此音是长元音,一定注意把音发足。
字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet bee f see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanpiece receive ceiling2) [i]舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全舌,发短促之“一”音。
发音字母i y esit picture it is list six mix f ix f it pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionaryde f ect decide delicious3) [æ] 双唇扁平,舌前微升,舌尖抵住下龈,牙床开,软鄂升起,唇自然开放。
发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad f lag shall man 58 4) 4) [e] 舌近硬鄂,舌尖顶下齿,牙床半开半合,作微笑状。
字母组合ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) [∂:]舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。
字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [∂]舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之短音。
英语48个国际音标表(练习题)

英语48个国际音标表元音(20个)单元音1.[i:](1) be he she these evening medium(重读开音节;e+辅音+e)(2)feed feel free sheep tree(3)beach sea cheap each leave(4)field cookie piece believe chief thief(5)ceiling receive either(6)Key honey volley money hockey2.[I](1)bit bring pick swim listen with(2)elect repeat ticket recite receive (非重读音)(3)Candy carry cherry myth city puppy(4)Village cottage savage courageit---eat live---leave fill---feel Seat---sit tree---trip bit---beat Sheep---ship dead---did feed--fitPea---pit rid---read sleep-slip 3.[З:] [ ə: ](1)her term person service emerge versegerm German(2)dirty first girl birth thirteen(3)word work world worse(4)turn curly purple curtain curt blur murmur(5)Learn heard early earn earth4.[] [ ə ](1)awake alive again appear around bananaJapan(2)listen then men(3)holiday ability possibility(4)together tomorrow today lesson shallopcontrol polite(5)famulus luxury August difficult(6)forget color actor author mayor(7)familiar collar dollar(8)brother teacher ruler rubber5.[] [ɔ:](1)all hall tall talk hallway(2)war warm warmth quarter(3)August autumn Laura Paul autographaudible(4)draw law strawberry paw fawn raw(5)Horse north sport forty order important(6)More store before core sore(7)Door floor(8)Four mourn court(9)bought fought thought ought 对比caught6. [ ɔ ](1) clock job pop shop stop follow office(2) wash want wallet (注意)7.[u:](1) cool moon pool school soon too zoo(2) blue glue clue June rule ruler(3) who shoe canoe two(4) group soup through bouquet(5) chew threw crew8.[ʊ](1) woman(2) book cook good look(3) full pull push put bull(4) could would should9.[a:](1) dance ask glass past answer basketPlant last (注意n,sk,ss,st)(2) farm hard large March park art guitar(3) palm calm10.[ Λ](1) love month some nothing other(注意m,n,th,v)(2) mutton cut luck up funny hundred(3) cousin enough touch young toughtrouble flourish rough(4) flood blood11.[e](1) chess cherry spend forget terrible letter(2) many any(3)weather head breakfast healthy sweater12.[] [æ](1)bank actor candle cabbage carrot relax双元音13.[ei](1) age rage cake face place sale snakeLater station(2) rain straight train afraid plain lain paint(3) day may say stay way play(4) great break(5) they grey(6) eight neighbor neigh14.[ai](1) bike drive life ride tiger arriveChild find kind mind (注意ld, nd)(2) lie pie tie die(3) bright light sight sigh high night tight(4) by cry my shy why July15.[ ɔi ](1) join voice noisy coin oil soil choice(2) boy enjoy joy toy16.[aʊ](1) house mouse mouth round shout southCloudy moutain thousand outsider(2)down how town flower shower17.[ əu ](1) home those phone hole sole roleOpen over photo sofa host ghosttoe foeCold old told(2)boat goat coat road soap throat(3)blow bowl grow know show slow 18.[ eə ](1) care bare fare farewell(2) parent(3) hair chair air pair(4)pear wear bear(5) where there19.[ iə ](1) idea(2) dear ear hear near year(3) beer deer peer(4) here mere merely sphere20.[ uə ](1) poor (2) tour(3)sure (4) usually音标故事:一辆[ i: ] 火车[ u :]呜呜呜地开过来了,车上有2只鹅,一只是长尾巴,一只是短尾巴[ ə: ] [ ə ],两只鹅突然打起了架,长尾巴鹅先使劲打了一拳短尾巴鹅,它一疼,就发出[ɔ:] 的声音,然后短尾巴鹅予以还击,长尾鹅被打了一小拳,发出[ ɔ ]的声音。
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48个英语国际音标元音辅音及发音规则应用方法练习题.通过音标的学习,能帮助我们更轻松的记忆英语单词、更好地学习英语知识、,望同学们力学之。
音素:指语音的最小单位(指发音)音标:用来记录音素的符号(写在/ / 之间)音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.音素和国际音标1.什么是音素:音素是语音的最小单位。
2.音素的分类:元音和辅音。
3.音素的个数:共48个,元音音素20个,辅音音素28个。
4.什么是音标:记录音素的符号叫做音标。
5.什么是国际音标:国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标,用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。
7. 开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shineb) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello8. 闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup, let, mad, mapb)元音+辅音: it, is, of, in, on, up, out, ant9.重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
第I部分:元音<20个>发音特点:发音时声带振动,气流在通路上不受发音器官阻挡。
单元音:(12个)/i:/ / ɪ/ / e / / æ //ɜ:/ / ə / /a:/ / ʌ//ɔ:// ɒ/ / u:/ / ʊ/双元音:(8个)第II部分:辅音<28个>发音特点:发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻挡,同时声带不振动是清辅音,声带振动是浊辅音。
清辅音:(11个)/ p //t//k//f//θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /ts//h/浊辅音:(17个)/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /dz/ /r/ /m/ /n/ / ŋ / /ǀ/ /w/ /j /爆破音:[ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ g ] [ p ]音标特征:双唇爆破清辅音发音要诀:双唇紧闭,然后突然放开, 使气流突破双唇外泄。
[ p ]是清辅音发音时声带不震动。
注意在[ s ] 音的后边, [ p ]音要读成相应的浊辅音 [ b ]发音组合:p代表单词:p ay p i p e p ut p ie p eachs p ort s p eed s p end摩擦音: [ f ] [ v ][θ][ð] [ʃ] [3][ s ] [ z ] [ h ][ r ][ f ]音标特征:唇齿摩擦清辅音发音要诀:上齿轻触下唇,用力将气流从唇齿之间吹出,引起摩擦成音。
[ f ] 是清辅音,发音时声带不震动。
发音组合:f ph代表单词:f ive f irst li f e f ine f at f ail f air f all f armtele ph one ph onetics ph oto破擦音:[t] [d][tr][dr][ts][dz]音标特征:舌端齿龈破擦清辅音发音要诀:双唇微开, 舌尖舌端抬起, 先用舌尖抵上齿龈, 形成阻碍, 然后张开,使气流外泄而成音。
气流冲破这个阻碍后, 舌和齿龈间仍保持一个狭缝,发出摩擦的声音。
[ t ]是清辅音, 发音时声带不震动。
发音组合:ch代表单词:ch eap ch ild ch est c h oke ch eckcat ch wat ch音标对比:[ t] [ ]ch eap sh ipch ose sh oescat ch ca sh鼻辅音: [ m ] [ n ] [ ŋ ]音标特征:双唇鼻辅音发音要诀:双唇闭拢,舌放平,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔泄出。
声带震动发音。
注意:在词末时须略微延长, 以防止吞音。
发音组合:m代表单词:so m e co m e di m em other m ap m oon舌边音:[ l ]音标特征:舌端齿龈边辅音 (也叫旁流音)发音要诀:双唇微开,舌端紧抵上齿龈,气流从舌的一侧泄出。
属于浊辅音,震动声带。
注意: [ l ]有两个发音,即清晰音[ l ]和含糊音[ l ]发清晰音[ l ] 时:舌前向硬颚抬起,清晰音出现在元音前面。
发含糊音[ l ] 时:舌前下降,舌后上台,舌面形成凹槽,可以和元音一样长,含糊音出现在辅音前面和词的末尾。
发音组合: l代表单词:清晰音[ l ] l et l ad l ate l aid l eap l ap代表单词:含糊音[ l ] dea l te ll be l t sa l e tab l e半元音:[ w ][ j ][ w ]音标特征:舌后软颚半元音发音要诀:发音部位和元音[u:]相似,即舌后部向软颚抬起,抬得很高,双唇收的很圆很小,并向前突出,成尖圆形。
这是一个半元音,因为发[w]时气流不受发音器官的阻碍,像元音一样,只是气流通过唇角时有一些磨擦。
半元音没有长度,只能向元音过渡且都是浊音。
辅音字母w和wh组合读此音,气息流过, 声带震动。
注意:一经发出,立即向后面的元音滑动。
发音组合:w wh代表单词:w ait w est w ay w et w ill w idewh eel wh at wh y wh en wh ere wh ile常见字母组合在单词中的读音:是由两个字母搭配而成的一种固定组合1. 两个辅音字母在一起,通常只发其中一个辅音字母的音。
两个不同的辅音字母在一起时,只发其中一个辅音字母的音。
如:w r ight k n ow sig n bo m b两个相同的辅音字母在一起时,只发其中一个辅音字母的音。
如:le tt er co pp er cla ss la dd er另外:两个辅音字母在一起时,两个辅音字母也可都发音。
如:i ts elf so ft acce pt almo st2. 两个元音字母在一起,通常只发其中一个元音字母的基本音。
两个元音字母在一起时,发第一个元音字母的基本音。
如:b o at p e ople s o ul s e a两个元音字母在一起时,发第二个元音字母的基本音。
如:gr ea t bel ie ve h ei ght3. 辅音字母+le时,辅音字母前边的元音字母经常发长音。
如:a ble ea gle p eo ple t i tle n o ble辅音字母+le时,辅音字母前边的元音字母有时也可发短音。
如:c ou ple d ou ble poss i ble4. 两个辅音前的元音字母经常发短音。
两个相同的辅音字母前的元音字母发短音。
如:c a rry l i ttle b o ss s u mmer两个不同的辅音字母前的元音字母发短音。
如:a ct n e ck l i ft s o ft有时两个辅音字母前的元音字母发长音。
如:alm o st ea st f ea st c oa st5. 字母c在e, i, y前边读[ s ],其他读作[ k ]。
如:c ell c entrec ity c inemac ycle c ynic其他:c at c ake c all6. 字母g在e ,i ,y前边读[ d✞ ],其他读作[ g ]。
如:a g e a g entg iant g ing ym technolo g y其他:g ood g et7. 字母组合ti si ci不在字的第一个音节时读 [ ☞ ]。
如:ac ti on atten ti onan ci ent offi ci alA si an mis si on其他:ac ti ve de ci de deci si on8. s后的清辅音[ k ] [ p ] [ t ] 要浊化为[ g ] [ b ] [ d ]音。
如:s k y s k ills t op s t udents p ace s p ort9. 字母组合ai一般发[ ei ] [ e ] [ i ]音。
如:[ ei ] str ai ght[ e ] s ai d[ i ] Brit ai n mount ai n10. 字母组合er发长音[ ə: ]和短音[ ə]两种情况:在重读音节中er一般发长音[ ə:]在弱读音节中一般发短音[ ə]如:[ ə:] p er son pref er th er mos[ ə] fath er teach er lett er11. 字母组合ea发[ iə ] [ i : ][ e ]音。
如: [ iə ] r ea l r ea lly id ea[ i: ] t ea b ea t h ea t[ e ] br ea d h ea d spr ea d12. 字母组合oo的发音。
如:[ u ] classr oo m bedr oo m g oo d f oo t st oo dw oo d w oo l t oo k b oo k l oo k c oo k[ u: ] m oo n n oo n f oo d b oo t注意:r oo m [ u: ] classr oo m [ u ]13. 字母组合or发[ ɔ: ]和[ ə: ]两种音。
如:[ ɔ: ] h or se n or c or n[ ə: ] w or se w or st w or k w or ld[ ə ] f or get tut or14. 字母组合ou常发[ au ] [ ʌ ]如: [ au ] l ou d c ou nt h ou se[ ʌ ] d ou ble tr ou ble c ou ntry en ou gh在ght前发[ ɔ: ] f ou ght th ou ght b ou ght少数情况发[ u ] c ou ld w ou ld sh ou ld特例:[ au ] s ou th 和[ ʌ ]s ou thern15. 字母组合tion有两种发音[tʃn ], [ʃən ]如: [ tʃn ] ques tion[ ʃən ]situa tion na tion invita tion16. 字母组合ng发[η ]和[ηɡ ]两种音如: [ηɡ ] hu ng ry a ng ry E ng lish fi ng er[ η ] si ng si ng er so ng字母n可发[n]和[η]两种音. 一般来说,n发[n]音,但ng常发[η],n后面的发音若为[k] 、[ɡ],这时,n的发音也是[η]如:thi n k tha n k17. 有些单词中某些字母不发音如:h our clim b b u ild gran d pa Chris t mas k now lis t en说明:1、几组常用音节:①/ʌn/ un der ②/ən/ Englan d ③/ æn/ man④/ vən / seven ⑤/ aʊn / down ⑥/ j u: / you ⑦ / kw/quiet2、[ l ] 有两种发音:在元音前读清晰[ l ],在辅音前或词尾读含糊[ l ]eg: lake[leIk],little[li:tl ]3、清音浊化:/sp/→ /sb/ spring, /st/→/sd/ stay, /sk/→ /sg/ skirt, /str/→ /sdr/ street.巩固部分:1、国际音标有多少个?其中元音多少个?辅音多少个?2、元音音素分哪两部分?各多少个?辅音分哪两部分?各多少个?3、标出以下音标中的元音音素:6个/ ɒ/ 、/ ɜ:/ 、/ k /、/ e / 、/dʒ/ 、/ɪə/、/ a:/ 、/eə/、/ f /、/ tʃ/音标的使用学习了元音和辅音之后,这节课我们要进一步学习一下他们的使用技巧:用音标读单词的方法:先找单词音标中的元音音素,之后与其前辅音拼读发音。