2023年医学考博英语真题及答案

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考博医学英语-389.doc

考博医学英语-389(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、PartⅠ Listening Comp(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：3，分数：15.00)（分数：5.00）A.Exercise and warming.B.Warming and chilling.C.Heat and cold.D.Absorption and distribution.A.Smelly.B.Scattered.C.Blocking doors and store shutters.D.Put in bags and boxesA.Most benign tumors needn"t be called to the attention of a physician.B.People suffering from cancers were born with them.C.The distinction between benign and malignant tumors is consequently always impossibleD.Some tumors change their nature in the course of years, after a period of benign growth.A.The play will be performed at another location.B.The woman didn"t intend to attend the play.C.It isn"t possible to cancel the play.D.The play was going to be performed outside.A.She"d prefer to go to a different restaurant.B.She"ll join the man for dinner.C.She has been to the restaurant before.D.The man should order spaghetti at the restaurant.（分数：5.00）A.She thought the furniture would be promptly bought.B.She doesn"t remember how much the furniture cost.C.They bought the furniture after considerable thought.D.They bought the furniture on a credit basis.A.She"d like to watch television with the man.B.The man shouldn"t waste his time watching television.C.The man should wash dishes.D.The television program doesn"t start until later in the evening.A.Help the woman repair her car.B.Help the woman find a job.C.Cancel the woman"s appointment for her.D.Take the woman to her doctor"s office.A.His housemate doesn"t want the windows closed.B.His housemate is responsible for paying the electric bill.C.The windows are hard to close.D.He"s anxious for the weather to warm up.A.A bridge to Manhattan.B.Skyscrapers at dusk.C.A lot of things in Manhattan.D.A classical night view in Manhattan.（分数：5.00）A.He moved into his new apartment a couple of months ago.B.He"d like the woman to help him pay the rent.C.He and Peter have downloaded a new apartment.D.The apartment might be too expensive for him.A.The mirror is only half done.B.They could take the mirror back to the store next week.C.The mirror is on 50% discount.D.Look for a bigger mirror on sale.A.To order some medicine for the man.B.To get something for Aunt"s birthday.C.To buy some items.D.To see some car models.A.Try to switch hours with someone else.B.Look before you leap.C.There has to be a trade-off between job and pastime.D.Do the extra work without complaining.A.Roomy and comfortable.B.Nice but expensive.C.Cheap and comfortable.D.Roomy but expensive.三、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.Because he had felt severe pain on both sides of the abdomen.B.Because he could not stand the intolerable pain in the back.C.Because he had brought up what he had.D.Because he has got diarrhea.A.His time was fully occupied.B.He had some urgent cases to deal with.C.His boss asked him to do extra work.D.Two tablets of analgesics killed his pain.A.First in the fight abdomen and then it went to the lower abdomen.B.First in the lower abdomen and then it shifted to the fight lower abdomen.C.First in the left abdomen and then it shifted to the right lower abdomen.D.First in the upper abdomen and then it shifted to the fight lower abdomen.A.He has got acute appendicitis.B.He has got acute diarrhea.C.He has a duodenal ulcer.D.He has got an acute gastric ulcer.A.He will go through the formalities of admittance to hospital.B.He will go to the operating room.C.He will go to the outpatient department.D.He will go to the inpatient department.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.Every child in hospital receives some teaching.B.Not enough is known about hospital teaching.C.Hospital teaching is of poor quality.D.The special children"s hospitals are worst off.A.Hospital teaching across the country is similar.B.Each hospital has at least one part-time teacher.C.All hospitals surveyed offer education to children.D.Only one-fourth of the hospital has full-time teachers.A.Hospital teachers.B.Schoolmates.C.Parents.D.School teachers.A.The author is unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitals.B.The author is in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitals.C.The author is unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teaching.D.The author is satisfied with the results of the latest survey.A.Doctors and nurses.B.Finding a hospital teacher.C.The school teacher.D.New medical instruments.六、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）A.How birds learn to build nests.B.Why birds lay eggs.C.How birds" nests have evolved.D.Why some birds" nests are considered primitive.A.Their flying ability improved greatly.B.They became warm-blooded.C.They began to lay eggs.D.They changed their migration patterns.A.On the ground.B.In cold places.C.On the highest branches of trees.D.Inside tree trunks.A.A primitive type of nest.B.An elevated nest.C.A typical cup-shaped nest.D.A nest of twigs and branches.A.To avoid predators.B.To expose tile eggs to stronger sunlight.C.To have a better view of predators.D.To save labor.七、PartⅡ Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Section A(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Already the class is ______ about who our new teacher will be.（分数：0.50）A.foreseeingB.speculatingC.fabricatingD.contemplating2.For many patients, institutional care is the most ______ and beneficial form of care.（分数：0.50）A.pertinentB.appropriateC.acuteD.persistent3.The automatic doors in supermarkets ______ the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts.（分数：0.50）A.furnishB.induceC.facilitateD.allocate4.If you want this painkiller, you"ll have to ask the doctor for a ______.（分数：0.50）A.inscriptionB.transcriptionC.descriptionD.prescription5.The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been ______.（分数：0.50）A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed6.We should ______ all advanced science and technology to develop our economy.（分数：0.50）A.draw onB.draw inC.draw upD.draw out7.There had been another prison breakout. Five men got away and are still ______.（分数：0.50）A.in detailB.at lengthC.at largeD.at a loss8.Helicopters rushed to where Shenzhou 5 ______ for the rescue of China"s first astronaut.（分数：0.50）A.settled downB.shot downC.touched downD.turned down9.I can"t possibly mark your homework: your handwriting is ______. You must spend time in improving it.（分数：0.50）A.illogicalB.illicitC.illegibleD.illusive10.The president gave a ______ for the visiting heads of the countries.（分数：0.50）A.recessionB.reflectionC.recognition九、Section B(总题数：10，分数：5.00)11.The rosemary plant is an emblem of fidelity and remembrance.（分数：0.50）A.thoughtfulnessB.tendernessC.faithfulnessD.happiness12.Proper exercise plays a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients with various back ailments.（分数：0.50）A.equationB.recoveryC.distressD.relaxation13.The patient who takes interest in everything and everybody is a formidable adversary for disease.（分数：0.50）A.dreadfulB.principalC.potentialD.imaginary14.The scientists at the University of Bern in Switzerland have used a weakened virus that is not infectious and has proved safe and effective.（分数：0.50）A.dangerousB.harmfulC.contagiousD.invading15.The doctor did not rule out the possibility of food poisoning.（分数：0.50）A.includeB.excludeC.foreseeD.question16.In the final straight Meyers stumbled , and although he didn"t fall it was enough to lose his first place.（分数：0.50）A.staggeredB.screamedC.startledD.rebuked17.The coach explained the regulations at length to make sure that none of his players would become violators.（分数：0.50）A.in generalB.at bestC.in detailD.at last18.The mental patient fluctuates between great excitement and deep depression.（分数：0.50）A.stabilizesB.recoversC.worsensD.alternates19.Because he wore a strange collection of clothes and often talked to himself, his neighbor considered him eccentric .（分数：0.50）B.energeticC.exoticD.peculiar20.It is true that the alleged power of dreams to predict future events still remains unproved.（分数：0.50）A.supposedB.well-knownC.trueD.legal十、PartⅢ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The injection that the girl had been given was beginning to work. Her head 1 heavy, and she was very sleepy. Once she opened her eyes and saw two nurses. They were placing her on another bed. Then she had the feeling of moving down a long hall. Once 2 a while, she thought that she heard people talking around her. The last time she opened her eyes, she saw a large round lamp above her. Then everything was dark, and she 3 into a deep sleep.The doctor was 4 to begin. First he opened the chest 5 around the heart. Meanwhile, another doctor connected the special machine to her. Next, the first doctor used an electric shock to stop the girl"s heart. Working very carefully, he repaired the passage that was 6 . Then, using another electric shock, he 7 the heart again. He closed her chest, and the operation was 8 . No additional blood had been needed. The 9 operation lasted ninety minutes. The girl was taken to another room. She would be watched until she was conscious.As she opened her eyes, the girl saw her mother"s face. Her mother smiled. "It"s all over," she said. "The doctor promised to make you better and he has succeeded. In a few weeks you"ll be 10 home."（分数：10.00）A.feltB.feelC.becameD.turnedA.atB.ofC.inD.forA.wentB.fellC.gotD.becameA.sureB.eagerC.readyD.quickA.areaB.fieldC.pointD.portionA.damagedB.hurtC.injuredD.woundedB.beganC.startedD.ceasedA.overB.upC.allD.offA.fullB.allC.entirepleteA.sentB.takeningD.going十一、PartⅣ Reading Compre(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Women"s minds work differently from men"s. At least, that is what most men are convinced of. Psychologists view the subject either as a matter of frustration or a joke. Now the biologists have moved into this minefield, and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women. But being different, they point out hurriedly, is not the same as being better or worse.There is, however, a definite structural variation between the male and female brain. The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes —the link between the two halves of the brain.The two halves are linked by a trunk line of between 200 and 300 million nerves, the corpus callosum (胼胝体). Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibers than it is in men. This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance. The question is "What?", and, if this difference exists, are there others? Research shows that present-day women think differently and behave differently from men. Are some of these differences biological and inborn, a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences. But could we be wrong?Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions, and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together. For most people, the left half is used for word-handing, analytical and logical activities; the right half works on pictures, patterns and forms. We need both halves working together. And the better the connections, the more harmoniously the two halves work. And, according to research findings, women have the better connections.But it isn"t all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis. In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at "language subjects" and boys better at maths and physics. If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunk line, there is an unalterable distinction between the sexes.We shan"t know for a while, partly because we don"t know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain, and we cannot understand how the two halves interact via the corpus callosum. But this striking difference must have some effect and, because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect, we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following statement is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up.B.rain differences point to superiority of one sex over the other.C.Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief.D.The structural difference in the brain between the sexes has long been known.(2).According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences are caused by ______ factors.（分数：1.00）A.biologicalB.psychologicalC.physicalD.social(3)."These differences" in paragraph 5 refer to those in ______.（分数：1.00）A.skills of men and womenB.school subjectsC.the brain structure of men and womenD.activities carried out by the brain(4).At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on ______.（分数：1.00）A.the brain structure as a wholeB.the functioning of part of the brainC.the distinction between the sexesD.the effects of the corpus callosum(5).What is the main purpose of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.To outline the research findings on the brain structure.B.To explain the link between sex and brain structure.C.To discuss the various factors that cause brain differences.D.To suggest new areas in brain research.十三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate—or the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence "suggests a casual link" between extremelylow-frequency electromagnetic fields—those having very longwave-lengths—and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as "a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans".The report is no reason to panic—or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, it generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces onsurrounding objects. For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earth"s own magnetic field. The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate. How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such "ionizing" radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is far from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having "biased the entire document" toward proving a link. "Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that electromagnetic fields present in the environment induce or promote cancer," the Air Force concludes. "It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report." Then Pentagon"s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modem military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.（分数：5.00）(1).The main idea of this passage is ______.（分数：1.00）A.studies on the cause of cancerB.controversial view-points in the cause of cancerC.the relationship between electricity and cancerD.different ideas about the effect of electricity on caner(2).The view-point of the EPA is ______.（分数：1.00）A.there is casual link between electricity and cancerB.electricity really affects cancerC.controversialD.low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer(3).Why did the Pentagon and White House object to the release of the report? Because ______.（分数：1.00）A.it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush AdministrationB.every unit of the modem military has depended on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipmentC.the Pentagon"s concern was understandableD.they had different arguments(4).It can be inferred from physical phenomenon ______.（分数：1.00）A.the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmfulB.the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generateC.electromagnetic field may affect healthD.only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body(5).What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?（分数：1.00）A.They are indifferent.B.They are worried very much.C.The may exercise prudent avoidance.D.They are shocked.十四、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Here"s a familiar version of the boy-meets-girl situation. A young man has at last plucked up courage to invite a dazzling young lady out to dinner. She has accepted his invitation and he is overjoyed. He is determined to take her to the best restaurant in town, even if it means that he will have to live on memories and hopes during the month to come. When they get to the restaurant, he discovers that this ethereal creature is on a diet. She mustn"t eat this and she mustn"t eat that. Oh, but of course, she doesn"t want to spoil his enjoyment. Let him by all means eat as much fattening food as he wants: it"s the surest way to an early grave. They spend a truly memorable evening together and never see each other again.What a miserable lot dieters are! You can always recognize them from the sour expression on their faces. They spend most of their time turning their noses up at food. They are forever consulting calorie charts; gazing at themselves in mirrors; and leaping on to weighing-machines in the bathroom. They spend a lifetime fighting a losing battle against spreading hips, protruding tummies and double chins. Some wage all-out war on FAT. Mere dieting is not enough. They exhaust themselves doing exercises, sweating in sauna baths, being pummeled and massaged by weird machines. The really wealthy diet-mongers pay vast sums for "health cures". For two weeks they can enter a nature clinic and be starved to death for a hundred guineas a week. Don"t think it"s only the middle-aged who go in for these fads either. Many of these bright young things you see are suffering from chronic malnutrition: they are living on nothing but air, water and the goodwill of God. Dieters undertake to starve themselves of their own free will; so why are they so miserable? Well, for one thing, they"re always hungry. You can"t be hungry and happy at the same time. All the horrible concoctions they eat instead of food leave them permanently dissatisfied. Wonderfood is a complete food, the advertisement says. Just dissolve a teaspoonful in water. A complete food it may be, but not quite as complete as a juicy steak. And, of course, they"re always miserable because they feel so guilty. Hunger just proves too much for them and in the end they lash out and devour five huge guilt-inducing cream cakes at a sitting. And who can blame them? At least three times a day they are exposed to temptation. What utter torture it is always watching others tucking into piles of mouth-watering food while you munch a water biscuit and sip unsweetened lemon juice!What"s all this self-inflicted torture for? Saintly people deprive themselves of food to attain a state of grace. Unsaintly people do so to attain a state of misery. It will be a great day when all the dieters in the world abandon their slimming courses; when they hold out their plates and demand second helpings!（分数：5.00）(1).The best title for this passage is ______.（分数：1.00）A.On FatB.We Should All Grow Fat and Be HappyC.Many Diseases Are Connected with FatD.Diet Deprives People of Normal Life(2).Why do they never see each other again?（分数：1.00）A.Because it is a memorable evening.B.Because she lets him eat as much fattening food as he wants.C.Because she does not eat this and drink that.D.Because eating fattening food is the surest way to an early grave.(3).What"s the meaning of "lot" in the first line of Paragraph 2?（分数：1.00）A.Amount.B.Field.C.Fate.D.Group.(4).Which of the following ways is NOT mentioned for diet?（分数：1.00）A.Doing exercises.B.Not eating sugar.C.Not eating fat.D.Taking sauna baths.(5).What is the author"s attitude toward diet?（分数：1.00）A.Persuasive.B.Critical.C.Indifferent.D.Adversative.十五、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of PhDs. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph.D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated because of the concern frequently expressed by graduate faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph.D. programs were capable of competing the requirement for the degree. Attrition at the Ph.D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complete the Ph.D. "The results of our research," Dr. Tucker concluded, "did not support these opinions."1. Lack of motivation was the principal reason for dropping out.2. Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialities.3. Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation. Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph.D. program, lack of finances was marked by 19 per cent.As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D."s with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D."s shone in the $7,500 to $15,000 bracket with 78% at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D."s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields. As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25% of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.（分数：5.00）(1).The author states that many educators feel that ______.（分数：1.00）A.steps should be taken to get the dropouts back to campusB.the dropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their studyC.the Ph.D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropoutD.the high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation on the part of faculty members(2).Research has shown that ______.（分数：1.00）A.dropouts are substantially below Ph. D."s in financial attainmentB.the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph.D. studiesC.the Ph.D. candidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops outD.about one-third of those who start Ph.D. work do not complete the work to earn the degree(3).Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph. D. ______.（分数：1.00）A.is the most frequent reason for dropping outB.is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidateC.is an essential part of many Ph.D. programsD.does not vary in difficulty among universities(4).After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that ______.（分数：1.00）A.optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degreeB.a Ph.D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degreeC.colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph. Ｄ. dropoutsD.Ph. Ｄ."s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions(5).It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies in ______.（分数：1.00）A.salary for Ph.D. too lowB.academic requirement too highC.salary for dropouts too highD.1,000 positions十六、Passage Five(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Avian influenza is an infectious disease of birds caused by type A strains of the influenza virus. The disease, which was first identified in Italy more than 100 years ago, occurs worldwide. All birds are thought to be susceptible to infection with avian influenza, though some species are more resistant to infection than others. Infection causes a wide spectrum of symptoms in birds, ranging from mild illness to a highly contagious and rapidly fatal disease resulting in severe epidemics. The latter is known as "highly pathogenic avian influenza". This form is characterized by sudden onset, severe illness, and rapid death, with a mortality that can approach 100%. Fifteen subtypes of influenza virus are known to infect birds, thus providing an extensive reservoir of influenza viruses potentially circulating in bird populations. To date, all outbreaks of the highly pathogenic form have been caused by influenza A viruses of subtypes H5 and H7. Migratory waterfowl—most notably wild ducks—are the natural reservoir of avian influenza viruses, and these birds are also the most resistant to infection. Domestic poultry, including chickens and turkeys, are particularly susceptible to epidemics of rapidly fatal influenza. Direct or indirect contact of domestic flocks with wild migratory waterfowl has been implicated as a frequent cause of epidemics. Live bird markets have also played an important role in the spread of epidemics.Recent research has shown that viruses of low pathogenicity can, after circulation for sometimes short periods in a poultry population, mutate into highly pathogenic viruses. During a 1983-1984 epidemic in the United States of America, the H5N2 virus initially caused low mortality, but within six months became highly pathogenic, with a mortality approaching 90%. Control of the outbreak required destruction of more than 17 million birds at a cost of nearly US$ 65 million. During a 1999-2001 epidemic in Italy, the H7N1 virus, initially of low pathogenicity, mutated within。

2025年医学博士英语考试真题答案

2023年医学博士英语考试真题答案The 2023 National Medical Doctoral English Examination serves as a crucial milestone for many aspiring medical professionals, testing their proficiency in English language skills within the context of medical knowledge. This article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the answers to the actual examination questions, serving as a valuable resource for candidates preparing for future exams.Firstly, let's delve into the multiple-choice section. One question that stood out was: "There _______ some milk in the glass." The correct answer is "is," reflecting the basic grammar rule of using "is" with singular nouns. This underscores the importance of mastering fundamental grammar rules in the context of medical English.Another noteworthy question involved a traffic jam scenario: "We were caught in a traffic jam. By the time we arrived at the airport, the plane _____." Here, the appropriate response is "had taken off," highlighting the use of the past perfect tense to express an action thatoccurred before another past action. This question not only tests grammar but also comprehension of temporal sequences. Moving to the listening comprehension section, one conversation centered around a medical consultation. The question posed was: "What seems to be the problem?" The answer lies in the dialogue, where the patient mentions experiencing severe headaches for approximately two months. This type of question demands active listening skills and the ability to extract key information from a conversation. In the reading comprehension section, questions focused on medical terminology and concepts. For instance, a question asking about the largest glandular organ in the human body required the knowledge that the liver fulfills this role. Such questions assess the candidate's understanding of basic human anatomy.Moreover, questions testing comprehension of physiological functions were also present. One such question inquired about the organ responsible for insulin production, with the answer being the pancreas. This demonstrates the exam's emphasis on integrating English language skills with medical knowledge.The overall trend of the 2023 Medical Doctoral English Examination reflects a strong continuity in terms of question types and styles. Familiarity with past exam questions and their answers is crucial for candidates to formulate effective study plans and prepare effectively for the exam. The analysis of these answers provides valuable insights into the exam's focus and helps candidatesidentify areas of improvement.In conclusion, the 2023 National Medical Doctoral English Examination serves as a challenging yet rewarding experience for aspiring medical professionals. The answers to the exam questions, as analyzed in this article, offer a glimpse into the exam's content and format, highlighting the importance of a solid foundation in both medical knowledge and English language skills. Candidates should prioritize thorough preparation, leveraging past exam materials to enhance their understanding and performance. **2023年医学博士英语考试真题答案解析**2023年全国医学博士英语考试对于许多志在成为医学专家的考生来说，是一个至关重要的里程碑，它检验了考生们在医学知识背景下对英语技能的掌握程度。

医学考博英语统考听力真题

医学考博英语统考听力真题Conversation 1A.I have a really bad headache.What doyou recommend？B.You can purchase some over-the-counter pain relievers in aisle 6A:Do I need a prescription for those？B:No.You just pick whichever brand you prefer and pay for it at the register.A:Is there a difference between the name-brand pills and store- brand pills？B:Usually there isn’t.Just compare the labels and look for the active ingredientsA: The store- brand is less expensiveB:Usually itis just as effectiveA:I sure hope so because l want to save money and not have an headache1.Where would the woman find the pain reliever?2.What do we know about the store-brand pills?3.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?Conversation 2A: In the last few years， professor Laurie Santos from Yale University has been teaching students about the pursuit of happiness-the most popular course Yale has ever had. Welcome，professor SantosB:Morning.Thank you for having meA:I heard you’ve developed the high school version of this course. So why did you expand the curriculum to high schoolers？B: Well，I started the class by seeing mental health issues in college students.And I quickly realized that many students came to college with those issues.The health statistics for young people are really devastat-ingA: Really?B: Yeah. So l want to give the high school students the tool to improve their well-being and flourish a bit more4.What is the main topic of this conversation?5.What do we know about the health statistics for young people?6.How would Professor Santos’coursehelp high school students?Conversation 3A:As a pediatrician，what do you tell parents when they come in and beg you “Please give me antibiotics for my child? She's sick.B:l am a parent，too.So l understand you want to do something.But antibiotics wont work for viral infec-tions，but only for bacterial onesA:So what can we do in the case of viral infections?B:Unfortunately，we are sort of limited in what we can do.Good old-fashioned chicken soup，fluids and a hu-midifier in the room,elevating the head at bed at night so that they can breathe and sleep.Those are theihings that are really effective7.What do we know about the woman?8.What does the woman say about the treatment for viral infections?9.What are the speakers mainly talking about?Conversation 4A:Now a study finds hospitals that trained their operating room members in teamwork had a lower rate of surgical deaths than other hospitalsB:That's a quite important finding. No doctor wants to make a mistake.That's why doctors are required to be trained in teamwork and communication and tne training seeks to empower each team memberA:Right. The study suggests one of the key elements for training was flattening the hierarchy in the operating room So that everybody， the nurse， the surgeon and the anesthesiologist could bring up any concerns they had about the patientsB:And the more training， the better communications among team members，and the greater the chances that the patients would sunive10.What is the key element of training mentioned by the speakers711.Whatis mentioned by the speakers as the favourable outcome of the training?12.Whatare two speakers mainly talking about?Conversation 5A:Did you know that trees can communicate with each other?B:lnteresting! But how?A:A professor of forest ecology at University of British Columbia observed how logging companies would Cut down diverse forests and replace them with the single tree species. They believe that by removing comp etition， the favored trees would thrive as they would receive more space，water，and sun light.B:ls that so?A:However.the favoured trees were actually more prone to diseases.10%of them would die if the surroun ding trees were removed. Trees communicate through underground network of fungi. The fungi help conne ct trees of different species across the forestsB:That is amazing13.Why would logging companies remove some trees?14.What can be inferred about the result of tree removal?15.Whatis the subject of the conversation?。

考博医学英语真题答案解析

考博医学英语真题答案解析随着全球医学科研水平不断提升，考取医学博士已成为许多医学专业人士追求学术成就的目标。

医学博士入学考试中，医学英语是一个重要的科目，对于考生来说也是一大难题。

本文将通过对考博医学英语真题的解析，帮助考生更好地备考。

首先，让我们来看看一道典型的医学英语真题：Question 1: Which of the following conditions would put a patient at increased risk of developing a urinary tract infection (UTI)?a) Hypertensionb) Diabetes mellitusc) Enlarged tonsilsd) Otitis media在这道题目中，选择正确的答案对于考生来说至关重要。

我们逐一解析每个选项。

选项a) 高血压，与尿路感染无关，因此排除。

选项b) 糖尿病，是一种常见的慢性疾病。

许多患者长期处于高血糖状态，容易引起尿路感染。

因此，b)是正确答案。

选项c) 腺样体肥大，主要与儿童上呼吸道感染有关，与尿路感染无关，因此排除。

选项d) 中耳炎，是耳朵的感染或炎症。

虽然也属于感染，但与尿路感染无直接关联，因此排除。

通过以上分析，我们可以得出答案为b) 糖尿病。

选项b)是与尿路感染相关的疾病。

在真题的解析过程中，我们需要注意选项间的区别。

在本题中，a)、c)、d)三个选项与尿路感染无关，因此可以排除。

而选项b)糖尿病与尿路感染有着明显的关联，因此是正确答案。

此外，在解析过程中，我们也可以讨论一些相关知识。

比如，什么是尿路感染？尿路感染是指细菌感染泌尿系统的一种疾病，包括膀胱、输尿管和肾脏。

尿路感染的主要症状包括尿频、尿急、尿痛等。

糖尿病患者由于高血糖，尿液中的糖分会成为细菌滋生的温床，导致容易感染尿路。

通过以上分析，我们不仅可以正确回答考博医学英语的相关题目，还能够了解一些医学知识。

2023全国医学博士英语统一考试真题

2023全国医学博士英语统一考试真题题目一阅读理解针对下面的问题，请阅读以下材料：材料一1.The flu virus, also known as influenza, is a highly contagious respiratory illness. It spreads easily from person to person through tiny droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.2.The most effective way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccine. The flu vaccine is designed to protect against the most prevalent strains of flu virus that are expected to circulate each year.3.In addition to getting vaccinated, there are other preventive measures that can help reduce the risk of getting the flu. These include washing hands frequently, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and covering the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing.4.If a person does get the flu, it is important to rest, stay hydrated, and seek medical attention if symptoms worsen or persist.5.The flu virus can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue, and nasal congestion. It can also lead to serious complications, especially in young children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems.材料二1.Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medical treatment that involves inserting thin needles at specific points on the body. It is believed to help restore the flow of qi (energy) and promote healing.2.Acupuncture has been used for thousands of years to treat various physical and mental conditions, including chronic pain, migraines, anxiety, and infertility.3.The World Health Organization recognizes acupuncture as a valid treatment for over 100 different conditions, including but not limited to allergies, asthma, depression, and insomnia.4.In recent years, acupuncture has gained popularity in Western countries as a complementary therapy alongside conventional medicine.5.The effectiveness of acupuncture still remains a subject of debate in the scientific community. Some studies have found it to be beneficial for certain conditions, while others have found no significant difference compared to sham acupuncture or other placebo treatments.问题1.What is the most effective way to prevent the flu?参考答案The most effective way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccine.题目二词汇与语法根据句子上下文或词汇提示，在横线上填入正确的单词或词组。

2023年医学考博英语听力解析

2023年医学考博英语听力解析English Answer:Passage 1。

1. What is the main idea of the passage?The main idea of the passage is that the use ofartificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is growing rapidly and is having a significant impact on the field. AI is being used to improve the accuracy of diagnoses, develop new treatments, and personalize care.2. What are some of the benefits of using AI in healthcare?Some of the benefits of using AI in healthcare include:Improved accuracy of diagnoses.Development of new treatments.Personalized care.Reduced costs.Increased efficiency.3. What are some of the challenges of using AI in healthcare?Some of the challenges of using AI in healthcare include:Data quality and bias.Regulatory and ethical concerns.Lack of trust and transparency.Limited interpretability of AI models.4. What is the future of AI in healthcare?The future of AI in healthcare is bright. AI is expected to continue to play a major role in improving the quality, efficiency, and accessibility of healthcare.Passage 2。

2023年全国医学博士英语考试真题及答案

2023年全国医学博士英语考试真题及答案2023 National Medical Doctor English ExamSection I Multiple Choice Questions (40 points)Directions: For each of the following questions, select the best answer from the choices given.1. What is the primary function of the mitochondria?A. Protein synthesisB. Energy productionC. Cell divisionD. Waste elimination2. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of diabetes?A. Increased thirstB. Weight lossC. Frequent urinationD. Blurred vision3. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and removing toxins?A. LiverB. PancreasC. KidneysD. Lungs4. Which type of white blood cell is responsible for allergic reactions?A. NeutrophilsB. BasophilsC. EosinophilsD. Monocytes5. What is the correct order of the phases of the cell cycle?A. G1, G2, S, MB. G2, M, S, G1C. S, M, G2, G1D. G1, S, G2, MSection II Short Answer Questions (40 points)Directions: Answer each of the following questions with a short essay.1. Explain the process of hemostasis and how it prevents excessive bleeding in the body.2. Describe the role of antibodies in the immune response and how they help the body fight off infections.3. Discuss the difference between a virus and a bacterium, including how each type of pathogen infects the body.4. Explain the function of the endocrine system and how it helps regulate various bodily functions.5. Describe the process of cellular respiration and how it produces energy for the body.Section III Case Study (20 points)Directions: Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow.Case Study: Mr. Smith, a 55-year-old male, presents to the emergency room with chest pain, shortness of breath, and sweating. His vital signs are as follows: heart rate 110 bpm, blood pressure 160/90 mmHg, respiratory rate 20 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation 92% on room air. An ECG shows ST-segment elevation in leads V2-V4.1. What condition is Mr. Smith likely experiencing, and what is the appropriate treatment?2. What is the significance of the ST-segment elevation on the ECG?3. What are the potential complications of this condition if left untreated?Answers:Section I:1. B. Energy production2. B. Weight loss3. C. Kidneys4. C. Eosinophils5. D. G1, S, G2, MSection II:1. Hemostasis is the process by which the body stops bleeding after injury. It involves vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, and blood coagulation. These mechanisms prevent excessive blood loss, maintaining hemostasis in the body.2. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to foreign invaders, such as bacteria and viruses. They bind to antigens on pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. This helps the body recognize and neutralize infections.3. A virus is a small infectious agent that can only replicate inside living cells, while a bacterium is a single-celled organism that can replicate outside of cells. Viruses inject their genetic material into host cells, hijacking their machinery to produce new viral particles, whereas bacteria reproduce by binary fission.4. The endocrine system consists of glands that secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Hormones act as chemical messengers, traveling through the bloodstream to target organs and tissues, coordinating physiological processes.5. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose into ATP, the energy currency of the body. It involves glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, producing ATP through the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen.Section III:1. Mr. Smith is likely experiencing a myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack. The appropriate treatment includes immediate reperfusion therapy, such as thrombolytic medication or percutaneous coronary intervention, to restore blood flow to the heart muscle.2. ST-segment elevation on an ECG indicates myocardial ischemia or injury, suggesting acute coronary artery blockage in a specific region of the heart. It is a hallmark sign of a heart attack and requires urgent intervention to prevent further damage.3. Potential complications of a myocardial infarction include heart failure, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and even death if left untreated. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve outcomes and prevent long-term complications.Overall, the 2023 National Medical Doctor English Exam covers a wide range of topics in medicine and healthcare, testing candidates' knowledge and understanding of the human body, diseases, and medical interventions. Candidates are expected to demonstrate critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and a strong foundation in medical science to succeed in the exam.。

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2023年医学考博英语真题及答案
1、There _______ some milk in the glass. [单选题] *
A. is(正确答案)
B. are
C. have
D. has
2、We were caught in a traffic jam. By the time we arrived at the airport the plane _____. [单选题] *
A. will take off
B. would take off
C. has taken off
D. had taken off(正确答案)
3、He was born in Canada, but he has made China his _______. [单选题] *
A. family
B. address
C. house
D. home(正确答案)
4、Sometimes Americans are said to be _____. [单选题] *
A superficially friend
B superficial friend
C. superficial friendly
D. superficially friendly(正确答案)
5、She’s _______ with her present _______ job. [单选题] *
A. boring; boring
B. bored; bored
C. boring; bored
D. bored; boring(正确答案)
6、8．Turn right ________ Danba Road and walk ________ the road, then you will findMeilong Middle school. [单选题] *
A．in...along
B．into...along (正确答案)
C．in...on
D．into...on
7、Leave your key with a neighbor ___ you lock yourself out one day [单选题] *
A. ever since
B. even if
C. soon after
D. in case(正确答案)
8、10．Mum, let me help you with your housework, so you ________ do it yourself. [单选题] * A．don’t need to(正确答案)
B．need to
C．don’t need
D．need
9、Betty works as a waitress to earn money for her education. [单选题] *
A. 服务员(正确答案)
B. 打字员
C. 秘书
D. 演员
10、I like booking tickets online，because it is _______. [单选题] *
A. boring
B. confident
C. convenient(正确答案)
D. expensive
11、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *
A. entered
B. enter
C. to enter(正确答案)
D. to be entering
12、His new appointment takes（）from the beginning of next month. [单选题] *
A. place
B. effect(正确答案)
C. post
D. office
13、--Do you often go to the cinema _______ Sunday?--No, we _______. [单选题] *
A. on; don’t(正确答案)
B. on; aren’t
C. in; do
D. in; don’t
14、Jeanne's necklace was _____ 500 francs at most. [单选题] *
A. worthy
B. cost
C. worth(正确答案)
D. valuable
15、It’s raining heavily outside. Don’t leave _______ it stops. [单选题] *
A. while
B. since
C. until(正确答案)
D. when
16、( ) You had your birthday party the other day,_________ [单选题] *
A. hadn't you?
B. had you?
C. did you?
D. didn't you?(正确答案)
17、For more information, please _______ us as soon as possible. [单选题] *
A. confident
B. confidence
C. contact(正确答案)
D. concert
18、If you do the same thing for a long time, you'll be tired of it. [单选题] *
A. 试图
B. 努力
C. 厌倦(正确答案)
D. 熟练
19、Reading（）the lines, I dare say that the government are more worried than they admitted. [单选题] *
A. behind
B. between(正确答案)
C. along
D. among
20、You should finish your homework as soon as possible. [单选题] *
A. 赶快地
B. 尽能力
C. 一...就
D. 尽快地(正确答案)
21、7．—________ is the Shanghai Wild Animal Park?—It’s 15km east of the Bund. [单选题] *
A．Who
B．What
C．When
D．Where (正确答案)
22、I should like to rent a house which is modern, comfortable and _____, in a quiet neighborhood. [单选题] *
A.in all
B. after all
C. above all(正确答案)
D. over all
23、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *
A. good at
B. good for
C. bad at
D. bad for(正确答案)
24、--Is that the correct spelling?--I don’t know. You can _______ in a dictionary [单选题] *
A. look up it
B. look it for
C. look it up(正确答案)
D. look for it
25、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *
A. 到达
B. 惊奇
C. 重复(正确答案)
D. 返回
26、Was（）that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *
A. it you(正确答案)
B. not you
C. you
D. that yourself
27、3．—Will you buy the black car?No, I won't. I will buya(n) ________ one because I don't have enough money. [单选题] *
A．cheap(正确答案)
B．expensive
C．high
D．low
28、This kind of banana tastes very _______. [单选题] *
A. nice(正确答案)
B. well
C. nicely
D. better
29、Bill Gates is often thought to be the richest man in the world. _____, his personal life seems not luxury. [单选题] *
A. Moreover
B. Therefore
C. However(正确答案)
D. Besides
30、____ is standing at the corner of the street. [单选题] *
A. A police
B. The police
C. Police
D. A policeman(正确答案)。