英国的银行体系(双语)
英国银行介绍
英国银行介绍(Banks in UK)一、英国银行系统简介英国银行主要分两大系统，一系统以Barclays Bank, Bank of Scotland, Royal Bank of Scotland, Lloyds 与一些建筑资金融资合作社(Building Societies) 为主；另一系统为National Westminster (NatWest), TSB Bank, Clydesdale Bank, Ulster Bank, Isle of Man Bank, Coutts, Bank Northern, National Irish Bank, Bank of Ireland, Abbey National, Halifax与一些建筑资金融资合作社(Building Societies)。
银行的营业时间一般约为星期一至星期五，早上九时至下午五时。
特别要一提的是英国邮局并无存放款业务，一般存款都是在银行或是一些建筑资金融资合作社(类似台湾之信用合作社)办理。
银行账户种类大致可分活期存款账户(current account)和定期存款账户(saving account) 两种。
活存账户存款利率低，但可随时开支票或提领现金。
定存账户一般定有条款，有最低金额限制，有的提供和活期存款一样的转帐、支票簿项目。
若要提款则需提前九十天或三十天告知(亦有随时可以提款的instant access)，否则要罚款，但利率较高。
学生账户(student account)属活存账户的一种，一般只有全时生(full-time student)有资格申请。
英国主要银行如：NatWest、Barclays、Lloyds、Midland、Bank of Scotland、Royal Bank of Scotland 和Halifax 都有学生账户。
有的银行如Bank of Scotland、Royal Bank of Scotland 为吸引学生，特别提供优惠利率予全时生，可考虑利用。
英国的银行体系中英对照
英国的银行体系中英对照认可银行要受到很严格的要求，凡达不到认可标准的机构均不得使用银行名称或字样，包括不得使用“投资银行等字样。
2.The Licensed Deposit Banks 持牌存款银行，在英国特指一些业务范围受到一定限制，规模较小的银行机构。
3.The Bank of England 英格兰银行，英国的中央银行，创立于1694年，公认为全世界中央银行的鼻祖。
4.Sight and time deposits 活期和定期存款(参见Section 3)。
5.overdraft 透支，指银行客户在一定条件下和一定范围内可以超过自己帐户存款的余额用款，实为银行对客户的一种信贷便利。
6.collections 托收，指债权人委托银行向债务人收款的一种结算方式(参见Section 6)。
7.financial intermediaries 金融中介(机构)，指作为放款者与借款者中间人的金融机构。
金融中介的作用在于促进信贷活动，有利于评估借款者的信誉，以减少放款风险，降低资金成本。
金融中介可分为存款性和非存款性两类。
8.the Clearing Banks 清算银行，在英国是零售银行的主要组成部分，包括伦敦清算银行、苏格兰清算银行和北爱尔兰银行。
清算，是指银行间为结清债权债务关系而进行的一系列活动。
9.retail banking business 零售银行业务(与批发银行业务相对应)，主要指对单独的客户的业务，如存款、放款、结算等。
10.discount houses 贴现商号，是英国金融制度中的独特事物。
贴现行在英格兰银行与清算银行之间处于中心地位，主要通过贴现与再贴现传导英格兰的货币政策及英格兰银行对银行的管制。
11.discount market 贴现市场，在英国由贴现行作为市场主体，是英格兰银行实施货币政策的主要场所之一。
13.market—maker 市场制造者，指一家金融机构或一个经纪人就一种货币或证券进行又买又卖的交易活动，保证其它交易者时刻都能找到交易对手。
英格兰银行及英镑
英格兰银行及英镑英格兰银行（Bank of England）是世界上最早的中央银行，有“中央银行之母”的美誉。
1691年，苏格兰企业家威廉·帕特森提出了建立国家银行的初步建议，其核心是：他和他的合伙人拿出100万英镑贷款；作为回报，他们所发行的票据应被视为合法货币。
之后，他又提出修正案，正式动议成立英格兰银行。
修正案获得下院批准，并通过了1694年英格兰银行法。
1694年英格兰银行成立，并开始运作，之后逐步转换职能，英格兰银行原为商业银行，诞生时间较早，随着英国金融业的发展，逐渐发展为英国的中央银行。
1964年至今作为英国的中央银行，是全世界最大、最繁忙的金融机构。
直到1997年，英国央行才获得独立制定利率政策的权力。
根据《1998年英格兰银行法》，英国成立英格兰银行货币政策委员会，负责制定货币政策。
货币政策委员会是个相对独立的机构，它根据英格兰银行各部门提供的信息作出决策，再由相关部门执行它。
英格兰银行货币政策委员会有九名成员。
包括：英格兰银行的行长和副行长（英格兰银行共有两名副行长）；英格兰银行行长在征求财政大臣意见后任命两名委员，其中一名是行内货币政策分析方面的负责人，另一名是行内货币政策操作的负责人；财政大臣任命四名委员，这四名委员必须要有与委员会职责相关的知识和经历。
英镑是由英格兰银行发行的。
英格兰银行成立时的职责是管理“光荣革命”后混乱疲弱的国家财政体系，当时发行的票据就是英镑纸币的前身。
且采取了三项防伪措施：不列颠女神像、水印纸和带£标志的面值区。
1844年银行法确定该行为发行纸币的中央机构，行使最后信贷者和国家黄金储备保管者的职能。
银行原为私营，1964年实现了国有化。
英格兰银行的模式成为世界各国中央银行所效仿的典范，影响至今。
早期的票据是没有固定面值的，就像支票一样，写多少就表示凭此支付价值多少的黄金。
后来慢慢出现了20到1000镑之间的固定面额纸币，18世纪下半叶的黄金短缺使5、2和1镑的小面额纸币诞生。
英国银行及银行卡介绍（精选合集）
英国银行及银行卡介绍（精选合集）第一篇：英国银行及银行卡介绍英国银行及银行卡介绍英国银行及银行卡介绍BARCLAY 银行：首先不推荐BARCLAY 银行。
这是我所知道的目前服务最差最混乱的银行。
银行卡要等到银行：1 个月还没收到，网上银行密码发了REISSUE 了好几份导致不能正常激活，绝对的混乱管理。
网上银行界面丑就算了，使用之后莫名其妙不能正常登陆。
STAFF 告诉你 5 天就能收到卡，实际是30 天都没拿到。
要去银行一个劲的去催，然后都说会帮你ORDER 什么的。
目前已经有很多学生反映，长时间收不到银行卡。
整个就一忽悠中国学生。
而且你地址写的是英国地址还不行，一定要你再写一个国内的地址，还要是已经被学校CONFIRM 过的地址。
给的银行卡是 BARCLAY 的 VISA DEBIT，虽然说是 VISA DEBIT，但是没有 SAVING ACCOUNT，就是 CURRENT ACCOUNT，现金帐户。
基本无利息，还要求国际留学生一定要放2000 磅在里面。
少于2000 磅就要每个月 CHARGE 你 5 磅管理费。
STAFF 的态度也很恶劣。
感觉他们是英国最大的本土银行就牛比了不是？以前还有人问，你有其它银行帐户吗？有的话，就让你去把它给关了再来找他们。
整个一垃圾变态！特别最恶心的 BRANCH 就在是 WITHWORK PARK 那边的那个一条街都是银行的那个 BARCLAYS 银行，千万别去那里开。
特别是那个 ANNA 就是一忽悠人。
告诉你你的卡周一寄出，其实，去其他人一查，周一还没ISSUE。
怎么寄出？简直就是一个骗子。
我在英国用过很多家银行，最垃圾的感觉就是 BARCLAY，帐户不好开，而且态度恶劣。
帐户也不是什么好帐户。
连 SAVING ACCOUNT 都没有。
中国学生基本很难拿到它的信用卡。
我以前拿到的信用卡还莫名其妙的被它减LIMIT。
闻所未闻。
HSBC 银行：目前也开始变态起来，当年我开的是它的。
世界各大银行中英文名称对照
世界各大银行中英文名称对照阿比国民银行Abbey National 英国巴克莱银行Barclays Bank PLC. 英国巴黎国民银行Banque Nationale de Paris 法国巴西银行Banco Do Brasil 巴西大和银行Daiwa Bank 日本大通曼哈顿银行Chase Manhattan Bank 美国德累斯顿银行Dresdner Bank 德国德意志银行Deutsche Bank 德国第一劝业银行Dai-Ichi Kangyo Bank 日本第一洲际银行First Interstate Bancorp 美国东海银行Tokai Bank 日本东京银行Bank of Tokyo 日本都灵圣保罗银行Istituto Bancario SanPaolo Di Torino 意大利多伦多自治领银行Toronto-Dominion Bank 加拿大富士银行Fuji Bank 日本国民劳动银行Banca Nazionale del Lavoro 意大利国民西敏寺银行National Westminster Bank PLC. 英国荷兰农业合作社中央银行Cooperatieve Centrale Raifferssen-Boerenleenbank 荷兰荷兰通用银行Algemene Bank Nederland 荷兰花旗银行Citi bank 美国汉华实业银行Manufacturers Hanover Corp. 美国汇丰银行Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corp. 香港加拿大帝国商业银行Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce 加拿大加拿大皇家银行Royal Bank of Canada 加拿大劳埃德银行Lloyds Bank PLC. 英国里昂信贷银行Credit Lyonnais 法国伦巴省储蓄银行Cassa Di Risparmio Delle Provincie Lombarde 意大利梅隆国民银行Mellon National Corp. 美国美洲银行Bank America Corp 美国米兰银行Midland Bank 英国摩根保证信托银行Morgan Guaranty Trust Corp. of New York 美国纽约化学银行Chemical New York Corp. 美国纽约银行家信托公司Bankers Trust New York Corp. 美国农业信贷国民银行de Caisse Nationale Credit Agricole 法国日本兴业银行Industrial Bank of Japan 日本瑞士联合银行Union Bank of Switzerland 瑞士瑞士信贷银行Credit Suisse 瑞士瑞士银行公司Swiss Bank Corp. 瑞士三和银行Sanwa Bank 日本三井银行Mitsui Bank 日本三菱银行Mitsubishi Bank 日本太平洋安全银行Security Pacific Corp 美国西德意志地方银行Westdeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale 德国西太平洋银行公司Westpac Banking Corp. 澳大利亚西亚那银行Monte Dei Paschi Di Siena 意大利意大利商业银行Banca Commerciale Italiana 意大利意大利信贷银行Credito Italiano 意大利芝加哥第一国民银行First Chicago Corp. 美国中国银行Bank of China 中国中国建设银行China Construction Bank 中国中国农业银行Agricultural Bank of China 中国中国工商银行Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国汇丰银行Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation中国招商银行China Merchants Bank中国中信银行China CITIC Bank 中国住友信托银行Sumitomo Trust & Banking 日本。
【英语阅读材料】英国银行体系
银英文 The Banking System in the United Kingdom英国的银行体系 In the United Kingdom, financial institutions are categorized into two ma]or groups: the Recognized Banks and the Licensed Deposit Institutions. The criteria for each category are determined by the Bank of England~----the Central Bank. The Bank of England will consider the size of the institution, its management and also the number of participants who effectively direct the business, before decisions are made on the status of the financial institutions who apply for bank licenses in the United Kingdom. Let us look at the Recognized Banks. These banks provide a wide range of highly specialized banking services, according to the Banking Act 1979. "Recognized Banks" must satisfy the Bank of England of their high reputation and of their integrity, management and financial prudence. The wide range of services include: i. the acceptance of sight and time deposits）; ii. loan and overdraft facilities; iii. foreign currency exchange and documentary credits and collections~; iv. financial advice for corporations and individuals; v. investment management and arrangementsfor the purchase and sale of securities. As for Licensed Deposits institutions, they only provide a limited range of services. The prime services are still basedon the acceptance of deposits from the public although they are not required to satisfy the rules laid down for Recognized Banks. To obtain a license, the institution must satisfy the Bank of England's requirement that all directors, controllers or managersof the institution must be an appropriate and proper person to hold that position and to conduce banking business in a proper manner. Let us now look at the major types of financial intermediaries~ in the United Kingdom. To begin with, we shall examine the role of the Clearing Banks. These are the dominating financial intermediaries in retail banking business~ in the United Kingdom. They handle the clearing functions of banks, and are responsible for most of the country' s cash distribution and money transfer functions, which include cheque payment services and also electronic fund transfers, etc.; The retail branch network of these banks is extensive with over 10,000 branches all over the country. Another type of financial intermediaries in the United Kingdom are discount houses. Discount houses providea primary channel through which the Bank of England operates in the discount marketto implement its monetary policy. Because of their easy access to the money market, discount houses act as market-maker in bills since they are the major underwritersofthe weekly issuers of the Treasury bills of the Bank of England. Therefore, discount houses not only provide short-term funds for the government, they provide a channelfor banks to adjust their portfolio holdings, i.e., their liquidity positions. The third type of financial intermediaries in the UK are the merchant banks~ and acceptance houses. Originally developed to handle businesses connection with trade, these merchant banks later expanded into foreign trade, foreign exchange and also bullion dealers. Many of the merchant banks are also acceptance houses. Indeed, their functions have now expanded considerably into major overseas operations, specializing in company financial advice, takeovers and mergers, underwritings which include the provision of additional capital through share floatation. Finally, weshould look at foreign banks in England. As a major international financial centre, London has acted as a magnet to over 450 foreign banks, which have set up representative offices, branches, or subsidiary companies. Business focus on these foreign banks cover foreign currency dealings, international finance deals to foreign companies and governments, trade finance services to business. Notes 1．The Recognized Banks 认可银行，在英国特指可以全面经营银行业务的银行。
英国的银行体系（双语）
英国的银行体系（双语）推荐文章银行英语情景对话双语热度：关于银行业务的英语口语对话热度：有关于银行账户的英语口语热度：关于办理银行业务的英语情景口语热度：有关银行业务的英语情景口语热度：每个国家都有它的银行体系，你知道英国的银行体系是怎样的吗?下面是店铺整理的英国的银行体系，以供大家学习参考。
The Banking System in the United Kingdom英国的银行体系In the United Kingdom, financial institutions are categorized into two ma]or groups: the Recognized Banks and the Licensed Deposit Institutions. The criteria for each category are determined by the Bank of England~——the Central Bank. The Bank of England will consider the size of the institution, its management and also the number of participants who effectively direct the business, before decisions are made on the status of the financial institutions who apply for bank licenses in the United Kingdom.Let us look at the Recognized Banks.These banks provide a wide range of highly specialized banking services. According to the Banking Act 1979. "Recognized Banks" must satisfy the Bank of England of their high reputation and of their integrity, management and financial prudence. The wide range of services include: i. the acceptance of sight and time deposits); ii. loan and overdraft facilities; iii. foreign currency exchange and documentary credits and collections~; iv. financial advice for corporations and individuals; v. investment management and arrangements for the purchase and sale of securities.As for Licensed Deposits institutions, they only provide a limited range of services. The prime services are still based on the acceptance of deposits from the public although they are not required to satisfy the rules laid down for Recognized Banks. To obtain a license, the institution must satisfy the Bank of England's requirement that all directors, controllers or managers of the institution must be an appropriate and proper person to hold that position and to conduce banking business in a proper manner.Let us now look at the major types of financial intermediaries~ in the United Kingdom.To begin with, we shall examine the role of the Clearing Banks. These are the dominating financial intermediaries in retail banking business~ in the United Kingdom. They handle the clearing functions of banks, and are responsible for most of the country' s cash distribution and money transfer functions, which include cheque payment services and also electronic fund transfers, etc.; The retail branch network of these banks is extensive with over 10,000 branches all over the country.Another type of financial intermediaries in the United Kingdom are discount houses. Discount houses provide a primary channel through which the Bank of England operates in the discount market to implement its monetary policy. Because of their easy access to the money market, discount houses act as market-maker in bills since they are the major underwriters of the weekly issuers of the Treasury bills of the Bank of England. Therefore, discount houses not only provide short-term funds for the government, they provide a channel for banks to adjust their portfolio holdings, i.e., their liquidity positions.The third type of financial intermediaries in the UK are themerchant banks~ and acceptance houses. Originally developed to handle businesses connection with trade, these merchant banks later expanded into foreign trade, foreign exchange and also bullion dealers. Many of the merchant banks are also acceptance houses. Indeed, their functions have now expanded considerably into major overseas operations, specializing in company financial advice, takeovers and mergers, underwritings which include the provision of additional capital through share floatation.Finally, we should look at foreign banks in England. As a major international financial centre, London has acted as a magnet to over 450 foreign banks, which have set up representative offices, branches, or subsidiary companies. Business focus on these foreign banks cover foreign currency dealings, international finance deals to foreign companies and governments, trade finance services to business.Notes1.The Recognized Banks 认可银行，在英国特指可以全面经营银行业务的银行。
英格兰银行
卡尼时代
卡尼时代即将来临英国央行即将迎来一场变革
新任英国央行(BOE)行长卡尼(Mark Carney)于2013年7月1日正式就职，在英国央行宣告卡尼时代到来的同 时，英国央行包括人事、政策方面，料都将出现重大变革。
2022年3月17日，英国中央银行英格兰银行宣布，将基准利率从0.5%上调至0.75%。这是2021年12月以来， 英国央行第三次加息 。
2022年5月5日，英国中央银行英格兰银行宣布，将基准利率从0.75%上调至1%。这是2021年12月以来英国央 行第四次加息，调整后的利率水平为2009年2月以来最高。
历史沿革
描绘“九年战争”的油画。在英格兰银行成立之前，英国王室就想方设法向伦敦城里的富人和贵族封建主借 钱。当时王家有金库造币局，富人会把金银存在那里。王室的劣迹之一是曾拒绝兑付人们存在那里的金币，其实 就是挪用客户存款。在英法“九年战争”中，国王的掌玺大臣印制了政府债券直接卖给商人们，承诺支付利息， 并容许商人们以这样的财政券用于交税。但这些借款的期限很短，在掌玺大臣几次不履行利息支付承诺后，商人 们再也不愿出钱购买财政券了。这样，已失去的自由加税权力的国王山穷水尽。
北岩银行的危机在英国股市引发连环“地震”。英国主要抵押贷款机构如联盟－莱斯特公司、布雷德福－宾 利公司和帕拉冈公司等股价纷纷下跌，其中帕拉冈的股价跌幅达到25%。至下午收盘时，伦敦股市《金融时报》 100种股票平均价格指数较前一个交易日下跌1.2%左右，收于6289.3点。
按照英国的金融补偿条例，如果银行倒闭，存款数额少于2000英镑（约合4000美元）的储户可获全额补偿。 但如果存款超过2000英镑，补偿的上限则到3.5万英镑为止，超出2000英镑的部分只能获得90%补偿。也就是说， 存款3.5万和35万英镑的储户最后都可能只获得3.17万英镑补偿。
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The Banking System in the United Kingdom英国的银行体系In the United Kingdom, financial institutions are categorized into two ma]or groups: the Recognized Banks and the Licensed Deposit Institutions. The criteria for each category are determined by the Bank of England~——the Central Bank. The Bank of England will consider the size of the institution, its management and also the number of participants who effectively direct the business, before decisions are made on the status of the financial institutions who apply for bank licenses in the United Kingdom.Let us look at the Recognized Banks.These banks provide a wide range of highly specialized banking services, according to the Banking Act 1979. "Recognized Banks" must satisfy the Bank of England of their high reputation and of their integrity, management and financial prudence. The wide range of services include: i. the acceptance of sight and time deposits）; ii. loan and overdraft facilities; iii. foreign currency exchange and documentary credits and collections~; iv. financial advice for corporations and individuals; v. investment management and arrangements for the purchase and sale of securities.As for Licensed Deposits institutions, they only provide a limited range of services. The prime services are still based on the acceptance of deposits from the public although they are not required to satisfy the rules laid down for Recognized Banks. To obtain a license, the institution must satisfy the Bank of England's requirement that all directors, controllers or managers of the institution must be an appropriate and proper person to hold that position and to conduce banking business in a proper manner.Let us now look at the major types of financial intermediaries~ in the United Kingdom.To begin with, we shall examine the role of the Clearing Banks. These are the dominating financial intermediaries in retail banking business~ in the United Kingdom. They handle the clearing functions of banks, and are responsible for most of the country' s cash distribution and money transfer functions, which include cheque payment services and also electronic fund transfers, etc.; The retail branch network of these banks is extensive with over 10,000 branches all over the country.Another type of financial intermediaries in the United Kingdom are discount houses. Discount houses provide a primary channel through which the Bank of England operates in the discount market to implement its monetary policy. Because of their easy access to the money market, discount houses act as market-maker in bills since they are the major underwriters of the weekly issuers of the Treasury bills of the Bank of England. Therefore, discount houses not only provide short-term funds for the government, they provide a channel for banks to adjust their portfolio holdings, i.e., their liquidity positions.The third type of financial intermediaries in the UK are the merchant banks~ and acceptance houses. Originally developed to handle businesses connection with trade, these merchant banks later expanded into foreign trade, foreign exchange and also bullion dealers. Many of the merchantbanks are also acceptance houses. Indeed, their functions have now expanded considerably into major overseas operations, specializing in company financial advice, takeovers and mergers, underwritings which include the provision of additional capital through share floatation.Finally, we should look at foreign banks in England. As a major international financial centre, London has acted as a magnet to over 450 foreign banks, which have set up representative offices, branches, or subsidiary companies. Business focus on these foreign banks cover foreign currency dealings, international finance deals to foreign companies and governments, trade finance services to business.Notes1．The Recognized Banks 认可银行，在英国特指可以全面经营银行业务的银行。
认可银行要受到很严格的要求，凡达不到认可标准的机构均不得使用银行名称或字样，包括不得使用“投资银行”等字样。
2．The Licensed Deposit Banks 持牌存款银行，在英国特指一些业务范围受到一定限制，规模较小的银行机构。
3．The Bank of England 英格兰银行，英国的中央银行，创立于1694年，公认为全世界中央银行的鼻祖。
4．Sight and time deposits 活期和定期存款（参见Section 3）。
5．overdraft 透支，指银行客户在一定条件下和一定范围内可以超过自己帐户存款的余额用款，实为银行对客户的一种信贷便利。
6．collections 托收，指债权人委托银行向债务人收款的一种结算方式（参见Section 6）。
7．financial intermediaries 金融中介（机构），指作为放款者与借款者中间人的金融机构。
金融中介的作用在于促进信贷活动，有利于评估借款者的信誉，以减少放款风险，降低资金成本。
金融中介可分为存款性和非存款性两类。
8．the Clearing Banks 清算银行，在英国是零售银行的主要组成部分，包括伦敦清算银行、苏格兰清算银行和北爱尔兰银行。