差不多先生传译本
差不多先生传_胡适_英汉对照翻译
Mr. About-the SameDo you know who is the most well-known person in China? This person is well known over the world. His surname is Cha and his given name is Buduo, which means “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and village in this country. You must have seen him or heard about him. His name is on the lips of everybody every day, because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation. The physiognomy of Mr. Cha Buduo has same as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but does not see straight. He has a pair of ears, but does not hear clearly. He has a nose and a mouth, but does not smell and taste well. His brain is not too small, but he has a bad memory and careless think. He often says, “Everything just needs to be OK, why to be so serious about them?”When he was a child, his mother let him buy some brown sugar, but he brought some white sugar instead. H is mother scolded him, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white sugar are about the same, aren’t they ?”In school,his teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi.” “Shaanxi.” The The The teacher teacher teacher sai sai said d d “Y ou “Y ou are are are wrong. wrong. wrong. It’s It’s It’s Shanxi, Shanxi, Shanxi, not not not Shaanxi.” Shaanxi.” Shaanxi.” He He He retorted, retorted, retorted, “Shaanxi “Shaanxi “Shaanxi or or Shanxi are a bout the same, aren’t they?”about the same, aren’t they?”Later he worked as a waiter in a shop. He could write and calculate, but his mathematics were often often wrong. wrong. wrong. He He He also also also made mistake made mistake that that wrote wrote wrote the Chinese the Chinese character 十for 千or 千for 十. The shopkeeper was was angry angry angry and and and often often often scolded scolded scolded him. him. He He just just just only only apologized with with a a a smile smile smile, , , “The “Thedifference between character 千and 十is one short stroke.Chinese character 十or 千are about the same,same,Aren’t they ?”Aren’t they ?”One day, for an urgent business,he went to Shanghai by train. But he went to the railway station unhurriedly,when he arrived the railway station,the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. late. He He He stared stared stared at at at the the the smoke smoke smoke belching belching belching from from from the the the train, train, train, and and and shook shook shook his his his head, head, head, “ “ “ I I I have have have to to to leave leave tomorrow,however, today and tomorrow are about the same. But the railway company is too serious? 8:30 or 8:32 are about the same, aren’t they?”He walked home slowly and talking to himself why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more .He did not understand. One day he fell in ill suddenly, he told his families to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street immediately. His families went in a hurry, but he couldn’t find the Dr.Wang on East Street. So instead of Dr.Wang on East Street he fetched Vet Wang of West Street .Lying on his sickbed,he knew that his families fetched a wrong person. But, with pain and worry, he was seriously ill and he could not wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang Wang have have have a a a try?” try?” try?” Then, Then, Then, the the the vet vet vet walked walked walked up up up to to to his his his bed, bed, bed, with with with the the the medical medical medical method method method of of of cow, cow, cow, treating treating Mr.Cha Buduo . In the end, Mr.Cha Buduo is died less than an hour. When Mr. Cha Buduo was about to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath,”Live or or die, die, die, it’s it’s it’s about… about… about… about… about… about… the the the same…. same…. same…. Everything Everything Everything just just …needs needs to to to be be …OK, OK, why why why to to to be be …so serious …about them”As soon as he finished his motto, he stopped breathing. After his death, people all praise him for his way of seeing through things and thinking through all things. They say that all his life, he refused to work seriously and that he was never calculating or haggle haggle over over over every every every ounce. ounce. ounce. He He He is is is virtuous virtuous virtuous man, man, man, So So So they they they honored honored honored him him him with with with the the the posthumous posthumous posthumous name name Master of Easy-Going.. As time goes on his fame has spread wide and become more and more famous. Thousands of people people follow follow follow his his his example, example, example, thus thus thus everybody everybody everybody has has has become become become Mr. Mr. Mr. Cha Buduo,however, Cha Buduo,however, China China will will will be a be a sluggard nation! Mr. About-the SameDo you know who is the most well-known person in China? This person is well known over the world. His surname is Cha and his given name is Buduo, which means “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and village in this country. “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and village in this country. You must have seen him or heard about him. His name is on the lips of everybody every day, because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation. The physiognomy of Mr. Cha Buduo has same as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but does not see straight. He has a pair of ears, but does not hear clearly. He has a nose and a mouth, but does not smell and taste well. His brain is not too small, but he has a bad memory and careless think. He often says, “Everything just needs to be OK, why to be so serious about them?”When he was a child, his mother let him buy some brown sugar, but he brought some white sugar instead. H is mother scolded him, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white sugar are about the same, aren’t they ?”In school,his teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi.” “Shaanxi.” The The The teacher teacher teacher sai sai said d d “Y ou “Y ou are are are wrong. wrong. wrong. It’s It’s It’s Shanxi, Shanxi, Shanxi, not not not Shaanxi.” Shaanxi.” Shaanxi.” He He He retorted, retorted, retorted, “Shaanxi “Shaanxi “Shaanxi or or Shanxi are a bout the same, aren’t they?”about the same, aren’t they?”Later he worked as a waiter in a shop. He could write and calculate, but his mathematics were often often wrong. wrong. wrong. He He He also also also made mistake made mistake that that wrote wrote wrote the Chinese the Chinese character 十for 千or 千 for 十. The shopkeeper was was angry angry angry and and and often often often scolded scolded scolded him. him. He He just just just only only apologized with with a a a smile smile smile, , , “The “The difference between character 千and 十is one short stroke.Chinese character 十or 千are about the same,same,Aren’t they ?”Aren’t they ?”One day, for an urgent business,he went to Shanghai by train. But he went to the railway station unhurriedly,when he arrived the railway station,the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. late. He He He stared stared stared at at at the the the smoke smoke smoke belching belching belching from from from the the the train, train, train, and and and shook shook shook his his his head, head, head, “ “ “ I I I have have have to to to leave leave tomorrow,however, today and tomorrow are about the same. But the railway company is too serious? 8:30 or 8:32 are about the same, aren’t they?”He walked home slowly and talking to himself why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more .He did not understand. One day he fell in ill suddenly, he told his families to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street immediately. His families went in a hurry, but he couldn’t find the Dr.Wang on East Street. So instead of Dr.Wang on East Street he fetched Vet Wang of West Street .Lying on his sickbed,he knew that his families fetched a wrong person. But, with pain and worry, he was seriously ill and he could not wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang Wang have have have a a a try?” try?” try?” Then, Then, Then, the the the vet vet vet walked walked walked up up up to to to his his his bed, bed, bed, with with with the the the medical medical medical method method method of of of cow, cow, cow, treating treating Mr.Cha Buduo . In the end, Mr.Cha Buduo is died less than an hour. When Mr. Cha Buduo was abou t to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath,”Live or or die, die, die, it’s it’s it’s about… about… about… about… about… about… the the the same…. same…. same…. Everything Everything Everything just just …needs needs to to to be be …OK, OK, why why why to to to be be …so serious …about them”As soon as he finished his motto, he stopped breathing. After his death, people all praise him for his way of seeing through things and thinking through all things. They say that all his life, he refused to work seriously and that he was never calculating or haggle haggle over over over every every every ounce. ounce. ounce. He He He is is is virtuous virtuous virtuous man, man, man, So So So they they they honored honored honored him him him with with with the the the posthumous posthumous posthumous name name Master of Easy-Going.. As time goes on his fame has spread wide and become more and more famous. Thousands of people people follow follow follow his his his example, example, example, thus thus thus everybody everybody everybody has has has become become become Mr. Mr. Mr. Cha Buduo,however, Cha Buduo,however, China China will will will be a be a sluggard nation! 差不多先生传差不多先生传胡适胡适你知道中国最有名的人是谁？你知道中国最有名的人是谁？提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。
2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选(3)
2016翻译硕士复习资料：英译中国现代散文选（3）差不多先生传胡适你知道中国最有名的人是谁?提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。
他姓差，名不多(1)，是各省各县各村人氏。
你一定见过他，一定听说过别人谈起他。
差不多先生的名字天天挂在大家的口头，因为他是中国全国人的代表。
差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。
他有一双眼睛，但看的不很清楚;他有两只耳朵，但听的不很分明;有鼻子和嘴，但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究。
他的脑子也不小，但他的记性却不很精明，他的思想也不很细密(2)。
他常常说：“凡事只要差不多，就好了。
何必太精明呢?”他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红糖，他买了白糖回来。
他妈骂他，他摇摇头说：“红糖白糖不是差不多吗?”他在学堂的时候，先生问他：“直隶省(3)的西边是哪一省?”他说是陕西。
先生说：“错了。
是山西，不是陕西。
”他说：“陕西同山西，不是差不多吗?”后来他在一个钱铺(4)里做伙计，他也会写，也会算，只是总不会精细。
十字常常写成千字，千字常常写成十字。
掌柜的生气了，常常骂他。
他只是笑嘻嘻地赔小心道：“千字比十字只多一小撇，不是差不多吗?”有一天他为了一件要紧的事，要搭火车到上海去。
他从从容容地走到火车站，迟了两分钟，火车已经开走了。
他白瞪着眼，望着远远的火车上煤烟，摇摇头道：“只好明天再走了，今天走同明天走，也差不多。
可是火车公司未免太认真了。
8点30分开，同8点32分开，不是差不多吗?“他一面说，一面慢慢地走回家，心里总不明白为什么火车不肯等他两分钟。
有一天，他忽然得了急病，赶快叫家人去请东街的汪医生。
那家人急急忙忙地跑去，一时寻不着东街的汪大夫，却把西街牛医王大夫请来了。
差不多先生病在床上，知道寻错了人;但病急了，身上痛苦，心里焦急，等不得了，心里想道：“好在王大夫同汪大夫也差不多，让他试试看罢。
”于是这位牛医王大夫走近床前，用医牛的法子给差不多先生治病。
不上一点钟，差不多先生就一命呜呼了。
差不多先生差不多要死的时候，一口气断断续续地说道：“活人同死人也……差……差不多，……凡事只要……差……差……不多……就……好了，……何……何……必……太……太认真呢?”他说完了这句格言(5)，方才绝气了。
目的论视角下《差不多先生传》译文简析——以张培基译本为例
目的论视角下《差不多先生传》译文简析——以张培基译本
为例
袁诚然
【期刊名称】《今古文创》
【年(卷),期】2024()12
【摘要】翻译是使用一种语言准确、完整地表达另一种语言和思维的活动。
作为对原文的一种“改写”,翻译反映了译者对文本和语言特征的理解。
本文以张培基译本为例,结合目的论的目的、连贯、忠实原则对《差不多先生传》这篇散文进行赏析,旨在更加深入地理解胡适所作的原文,感受中国文化的博大精深。
通过学习张培基先生处理译文时的方法,学习翻译散文的技巧,从而在之后的翻译上有所启示。
【总页数】3页(P106-108)
【作者】袁诚然
【作者单位】河北工业大学
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H159
【相关文献】
1.翻译目的论视角下的Hills Like White Elephants汉译本解读——以张祥麟、翟象俊译本为例
2.浅析斯坦纳翻译阐释学视域下的译者主体性——以张培基英译《差不多先生传》为例
3.赖斯模式下批评赏析《差不多先生传》英译本——以张
培基译文与张梦井、杜耀文合译文为例4.功能对等理论视角下《匆匆》英文译本对比研究——以张培基、朱纯深译本为例
因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
胡适《差不多先生传》阅读答案
胡适《差不多先生传》阅读答案篇一：差不多先生传_胡适_英汉对照翻译Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?This person is well known over the world. His surname is Cha and his given name is Buduo, which means “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and village in this country. You must have seen him or heard about him. His name is on the lips of everybody every day, because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.The physiognomy of Mr. Cha Buduo has same as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but does not see straight. He has a pair of ears, but does not hear clearly. He has a nose and a mouth, but does not smell and taste well. His brain is not too small, but he has a bad memory and careless think. He often say s, “Everything jus t needs to be OK, why to be so serious about them?”When he was a child, his mother let him buy some brown sugar, but he brought some white sugar instead. His mother scolded him, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar o r white sugar are about the same, aren’t they ?”In school,his teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi.” The teacher said “You are wrong. It’s Shanxi, not Shaanxi.” He retorted, “Shaanxi or Shan xi are about the same, aren’t they?”Later he worked as a waiter in a shop. He could write and calculate, but his mathematics were often wrong. He also made mistake that wrote the Chinese character 十for 千or 千 for十. The shopkeeper was angry and o ften scolded him. He just only apologized with a smile, “The differencebetween character千and十is one short stroke.Chinese character 十or 千are about the same,Aren’t they ?”One day, for an urgent business,he went to Shanghai by train. But he went to the railway station unhurriedly,when he arrived the railway station,the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. He stared at the smoke belching from the train, and shook his head, “ I have to leave tomorrow,however, today and tomorrow are about the same. But the railway company is too serious? 8:30 or 8:32 are about the same, aren’t they?”He walked home slowly and talking to himself why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more.He did not understand.One day he fell in ill suddenly, he told his families to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street immediately. His families went in a hurry, but he couldn’t find the Dr.Wang on East Street. So instead of Dr.Wang on East Street he fetched Vet Wang of West Street .Lying on his sickbed,he knew that his families fetched a wrong person. But, with pain and worry, he was seriously ill and he could not wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang have a try?” Then, the vet walked up to his bed, with the medical method of cow, treating Mr.Cha Buduo . In the end, Mr.Cha Buduo is died less than an hour.When Mr. Cha Buduo was about to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath,”Live or di e, it’s about… about… the same…. Everything just…needs to be…OK, why to be…so serious…about them”As soon as he finished his motto, he stopped breathing.After his death, people all praise him for his way of seeing through things and thinking through all things. They say that all his life, he refused to work seriously and that he was never calculating or haggle overevery ounce. He is virtuous man, So they honored him with the posthumous name Master of Easy-Going..As time goes on his fame has spread wide and become more and more famous. Thousands of people follow his example, thus everybody has become Mr. Cha Buduo,however, China will be a sluggard nation!Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?This person is well known over the world. His surname is Cha and his given name is Buduo, which means “About the Same”. He is a na tive of every province, county and village in this country. You must have seen him or heard about him. His name is on the lips of everybody every day, because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.The physiognomy of Mr. Cha Buduo has same as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but does not see straight. He has a pair of ears, but does not hear clearly. He has a nose and a mouth, but does not smell and taste well. His brain is not too small, but he has a bad memory and careless think. He often says, “Everything just needs to be OK, why to be so serious about them?”When he was a child, his mother let him buy some brown sugar, but he brought some white sugar instead. His mother scolded him, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white su gar are about the same, aren’t they ?”In school,his teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi.” The teacher said “You are wrong. It’s Shanxi, not Shaanxi.” He retorted, “Shaanxi or Shanxi are about the same, aren’t they?”Later he worked as a waiter in a shop. He could write and calculate, but his mathematics were often wrong. He also made mistake that wrote the Chinese character 十for 千or 千 for十. The shopkeeper was angry andoften scolded him. He just only apologized with a smile, “The difference between character千and十is one short stroke.Chinese character 十or 千are about the same,Aren’t they ?”One day, for an urgent business,he went to Shanghai by train. But he went to the railway station unhurriedly,when he arrived the railway station,the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. He stared at the smoke belching from the train, and shook his head, “ I have to leave tomorrow,however, today and tomorrow are about the same. But the railway company is too serious? 8:30 or 8:32 are about the same, aren’t they?”He walked home s lowly and talking to himself why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more.He did not understand.One day he fell in ill suddenly, he told his families to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street immediately. His families went in a hurry, but he couldn’t find the Dr.Wang on East Street. So instead of Dr.Wang on East Street he fetched Vet Wang of West Street .Lying on his sickbed,he knew that his families fetched a wrong person. But, with pain and worry, he was seriously ill and he could not wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang have a try?” Then, the vet walked up to his bed, with the medical method of cow, treating Mr.Cha Buduo . In the end, Mr.Cha Buduo is died less than an hour.When Mr. Cha Buduo was about to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath,”Li ve or die, it’s about… about… the same…. Everything just…needs to be…OK, why to be…so serious…about them”As soon as he finished his motto, he stopped breathing.After his death, people all praise him for his way of seeing through things and thinking through all things. They say that all his life, he refused to work seriously and that he was never calculating or haggle overevery ounce. He is virtuous man, So they honored him with the posthumous name Master of Easy-Going..As time goes on his fame has spread wide and become more and more famous. Thousands of people follow his example, thus everybody has become Mr. Cha Buduo,however, China will be a sluggard nation!差不多先生传胡适你知道中国最有名的人是谁？提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。
赖斯模式下批评赏析《差不多先生传》英译本——以张培基译文与张梦井、杜耀文合译文为例
与鉴定方 面的复杂性， 以及 经费和时 间的投入。 上述 例句 中共 有三处名 词化结 构 ，分别 为句子 主语
ｒｈｅ ｄｅｃｌｉｎｉｎｇ ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｔｙ ｏｆ ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ ａｓ ａ ｓｏｕｒｃｅ ｏｆ ｆｌｅｗ ｄｒｕｇ举例 说 明中并 列 的名 词性短语 ｔｈｅ ａｐｐａｒｅｎｔ ｌａｃｋ
ｃｏｍｐａｔｉｂｉｌｉｔ ｙ ｏｆ ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ ｗｉｔ ｈ ｔｈｅ ｍｏｄｅｍ ｈｉｇｈ Ｌｈｒｏｕｇｈｐｕｔ ｓｃｒｅｅｎｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｇｒａｍｓ和 ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｉｔｙ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｉｓｏ－ ｌａ ｔｉｏｎ ａｎｄ ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆ ｉｃａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｓｔ ａｎｄ ｔｉｍｅ ｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ｎａｔｕｒａｌ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ “ｌｅａｄ” ｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒ— ｉｎｇ ｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ。前两 处名 词化 结构 的 翻译 都采 用 了转译 法 将原 文 中名 词 短语 Ｔｈｅ ｄｅｃｌｉｎｉｎｇ ｐｏｐｕｌａｒｉｔ ｙ 与 ｔｈｅ ａｐｐａｒ． ｅｎｔ ｌａｃｋ ｏｆ ｃｏｍｐａｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ分别转译 为汉语 的动词短语 “流 行趋势下 降”和 “明显缺乏兼容性”，使得 原文隐含 的动 作意 义一览无 氽 。第 三处名词化 结构虽 在译 文 中沿 用 了 原文 名词性短语 ｉｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎ和 ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ的名词词性 ，但 却采 用 了增译 法在译 文中加入 “存在 ”两字 ，同样 将原 文名 词短语转 变为译 文中含有 动作意义 的句子 。除了上
ｋｌ结语
综 上所述 ，中国学 生在 阅读 药学英语 文章 时 ，深入 了解其作为科技文体 的句型特点 ，并依据句型特点采用不 同的翻译 方法 ，才能更好地更准确地 理解传递 原文意义 。
汉语散文中文化负载词的翻译——以《差不多先生传》英译本为例
智库时代 ·151·智库观察汉语散文中文化负载词的翻译——以《差不多先生传》英译本为例刘昊雨（山东科技大学，山东青岛 266590）摘要：中文散文作品中通常含有大量文化负载词，对这类作品进行英译时，要准确表达这些词的意思，需要采用不同的翻译策略。
本文将胡适创作的《差不多先生传》作为研究对象，运用维奈和达贝尔内模式分析了对散文中文化负载词的主要翻译方法。
关键词：文化负载词；维奈和达贝尔内模式；《差不多先生传》中图分类号：H315.9文献标识码：A文章编号：2096-4609（2020）12-0151-002文化负载词是指具有某民族内在特色的词语，短语，甚至短句。
它能在词汇层面体现文化的差异性。
通常来说，每个民族拥有特定的文化负载词，这些词汇不易在另一种语言中得到体现，因此在翻译时需要做特殊的处理。
散文不同于诗歌戏剧等文学作品，具有灵活自由的表达形式。
散文作者可以按照自身情感，畅所欲言，传达自己独特的想法，因此每部作品都体现着作者的独特风格。
它是真实、简单且贴合作者内心感受的文体。
因而在翻译时，译者也无需过多地关注文章的体律、格式，而应注意语言的风格，叙事的完整，以及原文作者情感的如实表达，即应该做到“真”“情”“美”三点。
总体来说，散文文体的翻译还是应该优先顾及原文和作者的。
散文文体的这种特质对翻译工作提出了更高的要求，该采用直译还是意译策略翻译文中出现的文化负载词成为翻译时需要考虑的重点。
本文将讨论如何根据实际情况选择合适的翻译策略和技法，准确描述散文文体中的文化负载词。
一、维奈和达贝尔内模式1958年，达贝尔内和维奈二人在《法英比较文体学》一书中提出了他们的翻译模式，主要针对翻译产品进行分析研究。
虽然几乎不涉及更高层面的话语研究，但是对于分析和学习译作的翻译技法、策略还是具有重大意义的。
他们将翻译策略分为“直接”和“间接”两大类，两类策略各自包含相应的翻译技法，主要有七大类，如借词、调节、直译和转换等，在两项策略外还有其它的一些翻译技法，如假朋友、增词、补偿等。
差不多先生传_胡适_英汉对照翻译
Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?This person is well known over the world. His surname is Cha and his given name is Buduo, which means “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and village in this country. You must have seen him or heard about him. His name is on the lips of everybody every day, because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.The physiognomy of Mr. Cha Buduo has same as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but does not see straight. He has a pair of ears, but does not hear clearly. He has a nose and a mouth, but does not smell and taste well. His brain is not too small, but he has a bad memory and careless think.He often says, “Everything just needs to be OK, why to be so serious about them?”When he was a child, his mother let him buy some brown sugar, but he brought some white sugar instead. H is mother scolded him, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white sugar are about the same, aren’t they ?”In school,his teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi.” The teacher sai d “You are wrong. It’s Shanxi, not Shaanxi.” He retorted, “Shaanxi or Shanxi are about the same, aren’t they?”Later he worked as a waiter in a shop. He could write and calculate, but his mathematics were often wrong. He also made mistake that wrote the Chinese character 十for 千or 千for十. The shopkeeper was angry and often scolded him. He just only apologized with a smile, “The difference between character千and十is one short stroke.Chinese character 十or 千are about the same,Aren’t they ?”One day, for an urgent business,he went to Shanghai by train. But he went to the railway station unhurriedly,when he arrived the railway station,the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. He stared at the smoke belching from the train, and shook his head, “ I have to leave tomorrow,however, today and tomorrow are about the same. But the railway company is too serious? 8:30 or 8:32 are about the same, aren’t they?”He walked home slowly and talking to himself why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more.He did not understand.One day he fell in ill suddenly, he told his families to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street immediately. His families went in a hurry, but he couldn’t find the Dr.Wang on East Street. So instead of Dr.Wang on East Street he fetched Vet Wang of West Street .Lying on his sickbed,he knew that his families fetched a wrong person. But, with pain and worry, he was seriously ill and he could not wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang have a try?” Then, the vet walked up to his bed, with the medical method of cow, treating Mr.Cha Buduo . In the end, Mr.Cha Buduo is died less than an hour.When Mr. Cha Buduo was about to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath,”Live or die, it’s about… about… the same…. Everything just…needs to be…OK, why to be…so serious…about them”As soon as he finished his motto, he stopped breathing.After his death, people all praise him for his way of seeing through things and thinking through all things. They say that all his life, he refused to work seriously and that he was never calculating or haggle over every ounce. He is virtuous man, So they honored him with the posthumous name Master of Easy-Going..As time goes on his fame has spread wide and become more and more famous. Thousands of people follow his example, thus everybody has become Mr. Cha Buduo,however, China will be a sluggard nation!Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?This person is well known over the world. His surname is Cha and his given name is Buduo, which means “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, county and village in this country. You must have seen him or heard about him. His name is on the lips of everybody every day, because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.The physiognomy of Mr. Cha Buduo has same as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but does not see straight. He has a pair of ears, but does not hear clearly. He has a nose and a mouth, but does not smell and taste well. His brain is not too small, but he has a bad memory and careless think.He often says, “Everything just needs to be OK, why to be so serious about them?”When he was a child, his mother let him buy some brown sugar, but he brought some white sugar instead. H is mother scolded him, he shook his head and said, “Brown sugar or white sugar are about the same, aren’t they ?”In school,his teacher asked him, “Which province borders Hebei on the west?” He answered, “Shaanxi.” The teacher sai d “You are wrong. It’s Shanxi, not Shaanxi.” He retorted, “Shaanxi or Shanxi are about the same, aren’t they?”Later he worked as a waiter in a shop. He could write and calculate, but his mathematics were often wrong. He also made mistake that wrote the Chinese character 十for 千or 千for十. The shopkeeper was angry and often scolded him. He just only apologized with a smile, “The difference between character千and十is one short stroke.Chinese character 十or 千are about the same,Aren’t they ?”One day, for an urgent business,he went to Shanghai by train. But he went to the railway station unhurriedly,when he arrived the railway station,the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. He stared at the smoke belching from the train, and shook his head, “ I have to leave tomorrow,however, today and tomorrow are about the same. But the railway company is too serious? 8:30 or 8:32 are about the same, aren’t they?”He walked home slowly and talking to himself why the train hadn’t waited for him for two minutes more.He did not understand.One day he fell in ill suddenly, he told his families to fetch Dr.Wang of East Street immediately. His families went in a hurry, but he couldn’t find the Dr.Wang on East Street. So instead of Dr.Wang on East Street he fetched Vet Wang of West Street .Lying on his sickbed,he knew that his families fetched a wrong person. But, with pain and worry, he was seriously ill and he could not wait any longer. So he said to himself, “Luckily, Vet Wang is about the same as Dr. Wang. Why not let Vet Wang have a try?” Then, the vet walked up to his bed, with the medical method of cow, treating Mr.Cha Buduo . In the end, Mr.Cha Buduo is died less than an hour.When Mr. Cha Buduo was abou t to breathe his last, he uttered intermittently in one breath,”Live or die, it’s about… about… the same…. Everything just…needs to be…OK, why to be…so serious…about them”As soon as he finished his motto, he stopped breathing.After his death, people all praise him for his way of seeing through things and thinking through all things. They say that all his life, he refused to work seriously and that he was never calculating or haggle over every ounce. He is virtuous man, So they honored him with the posthumous name Master of Easy-Going..As time goes on his fame has spread wide and become more and more famous. Thousands of people follow his example, thus everybody has become Mr. Cha Buduo,however, China will be a sluggard nation!差不多先生传胡适你知道中国最有名的人是谁？提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。
差不多先生传 胡适 英汉对照翻译
差不多先生传Mr. About-the SameHUShi你知道中国有名的人是谁？提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名，他姓差，名不多，是各省各县各村人氏。
你一定见过他，一定听别人谈起他。
差不多先生的名字天天挂在大家的口头上，因为他是中国全国人的代表。
Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?The name of this person is a household word all over the country. His surname is Cha and his given name, Buduo, which altogether mean “About the Same”. He is a native of every province, every county and every village in this country. You must have seen or heard about this person. His name is always on the lips of everybody because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.差不多先生的相貌和你我都差不多。
他有一双眼睛，但看的不很清楚；有两只耳朵，但听的不很分明；有鼻子和嘴，但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究；他的脑子也不小，但他的记性却不很精明，他的思想也不很细密。
Mr. Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but doesn’t see clearly. He has a pair of ears, but doesn’t hear well. He has a nose and a mouth, but lacks a keen sense of smell and taste. His brain is none too small, but he is weak in memory and sloppy in thinking.他常常说：“凡事只要差不多，就好了。
《差不多先生传》英译本中语域三要素的对等与偏离
教学实践引言以哈利迪（Halliday）为代表的系统功能语言学在现代语言学发展中占据重要地位，这一理论在语篇分析、语用学、文体学及翻译等诸多领域均得到了广泛应用（胡壮麟、朱永生，等1989）。
西方语言学者在过去十几年努力尝试用功能语言学理论去探讨翻译中的问题，如卡特福特（J.C.Catford）以系统功能语言学为基础，最早提出了翻译等值论（张美芳2001），即源语的篇章材料被与其等值目的语的篇章材料所替换。
翻译等值包括语义、语用和结构等值三个方面，分别与语域理论中语场、语旨和语式三要素对应（张俐2000）。
哈利迪等人发展语域理论的目的是发现制约语言变体变化的一般规则，进而了解决定语言特征的语境因素，但周俊清（1996）认为将语域理论引入翻译领域能在翻译中成功实现“意义转换”。
语域理论以探讨情景语境与语言的关系为特点，对于文本翻译具有重要的理论指导作用。
但实际翻译中可能无法同时实现语域三要素的对等，为获得相对理想的翻译效果，有时可能会偏离翻译等值论，从而实现内容和语用与原文的统一，而张培基先生所翻译的《差不多先生传》便是典型案例。
《差不多先生传》是胡适先生创作的散文，它通过朴实无华的语言描写了我国五四运动后，国人处事态度敷衍、创新精神薄弱的社会现状。
该作品曾多次被译成英文以帮助国际人士了解我国当时的状况，其中张培基先生的英译本尤为精彩。
他在力求选词得当、语句流畅的同时，又不拘泥于结构，完美地译出了原文风韵，在译文中很好地实现了译文与原文的语域三要素（语场、语旨和语式）的整体对等。
本文以张培基翻译的《差不多先生传》的英译本为范本，分析如何运用语域三要素的对等与偏离保证和提高英译质量。
一、语场的对等和偏离（一）语场的对等语场的对等指的是在翻译过程中，在目标语中通过对及物性系统和词汇的选择实现对源语主题内容的对等，即“语义等值”。
语场决定交际的性质、构成话语的主要范围，并影响词汇和话语结构的选择和使用（孙志农2006）。
胡适《差不多先生传》原文注释赏析
胡适《差不多先生传》原文注释赏析你知道中国最有名的人是谁?提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。
他姓差，名不多，是各省各县各村人氏。
你一定见过他，一定听过别人谈起他。
差不多先生的名字天天挂在大家的口头，因为他是中国全国人的代表。
差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。
他有一双眼睛，但看的不很清楚;有两只耳朵，但听的不很分明;有鼻子和嘴，但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究。
他的脑子也不小，但他的记性却不很精明，他的思想也不很细密。
他常常说：“凡事只要差不多，就好了。
何必太精明呢?”他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红糖，他买了白糖回来。
他妈骂他，他摇摇头道：“红糖白糖不是差不多吗?”他在学堂的时候，先生问他：“直隶省的西边是那一省?”他说是陕西。
先生说：“错了。
是山西，不是陕西。
”他说：“陕西同山西不是差不多吗?”后来他在一个钱铺里做伙计;他也会写，也会算，只是总不会精细。
十字常常写成千字，千字常常写成十字。
掌柜的生气了，常常骂他。
他只笑嘻嘻地赔小心道：“千字比十字只多一小撇，不是差不多吗?”有一天，他为了一件要紧的事，要搭火车到上海去。
他从从容容地走到火车站，迟了两分钟，火车已开走了。
他白瞪着眼，望着远远地火车上的煤烟，摇摇头道：“只好明天再走了。
今天走同明天走，也还差不多。
可是火车公司未免太认真了。
八点三十分开，同八点三十二分开，不是差不多吗?”他一面说，一面慢慢地走回家，心里总不很明白为什么火车不肯等他两分钟。
有一天，他忽然得了急病，赶快叫家人去请东街的汪先生。
那家人急急忙忙地跑去，一时寻不着东街汪大夫，却把西街的牛医王大夫请来了。
差不多先生病在床上，知道寻错了人;但病急了，身上痛苦，心里焦急，等不得了，心里想道：“好在王大夫同汪大夫也差不多，让他试试看罢。
”于是这位牛医王大夫走近床前，用医牛的法子给差不多先生治病。
不上一点钟，差不多先生就一命呜呼了。
差不多先生差不多要死的时候，一口气断断续续地说道：“活人同死人也差……差…差不多……凡事只要……差…差…不多……就……好了……何…何……必……太……太认真呢?”他说完了这句格言，方才绝气了。
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Mr. About-the-Same Hu Shih
Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?
The name of this person is a household word all over the country. His surname is Cha and his given name, Buduo, which altogether mean "About the Same". He is a native of every province, every county and every village in this country. You must have seen or heard about this person. His name is always on the lips of everybody because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.
Mr. Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I. He has a pair of eyes, but doesn't see clearly. He has a pair of ears, but doesn't hear well. He has a nose and a mouth, but lacks a keen sense of smell and taste. His brain is none too small, but he is weak in memory and sloppy in thinking.
He often says, "Whatever we do, it's OK to be just about right. What's the use of being precise and accurate?"
One day, when he was a child, his mother sent him out to buy her some brown sugar, but he returned with some white sugar instead. As his mother scolded him about it, he shook his head and said, "Brown sugar or white sugar, aren't they about the same?"
One day in school, the teacher asked him, "Which province borders Hebei on the west?" He answered, "Shaanxi." The teacher corrected him, "You are wrong. It's Shanxi, not Shaanxi. " He reported, "Shaanxi or Shanxi, aren't they about the same?"
Later Mr. Cha Buduo served as an assistant at a money shop. He could write and calculate all right, but his mathematics was often faulty. He would mistake the Chinese character 十(meaning 10) for 千(meaning 1000) or vice versa. The shop owner was infuriated and often took him to task. But he would only explain apologetically with a grin, "The Character 千differs from 十in merely having one additional short stroke. Aren't they about the same?"
One day, he wanted to go to Shanghai by train on urgent business. But he arrived at the railway station unhurriedly only to find the train already gone, because he was two minutes late. He stood staring helplessly at the smoke belching from the diminishing train, and shook his head, "Well, all I can do is leave tomorrow. After all, today and tomorrow are about the same. But isn't the railway company taking it too seriously? What's the difference between departing at 8:30 and 8:32?" He walked home slowly while talking to himself and kept puzzling over why the train hadn't waited for him for another two minutes.。