定语从句复习及相关练习
've read all the books you gave me.
isn't much I can do.
keeps a record of everything he had seen there.
us about the people and the places are different from ours.
John said that Suzhou was the first city he had visited in China.
this the museum you visited the other day?
which one
is the very film I've long wished to see.
was the supermarket I bought this kind of tin.
house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.
house we live is not big.
that which
's the hotel last year.
we stayed that we stayed we stayed at we stayed
place you are standing used to be an old church.
showed the doctor the place I felt the pain.
is the only one of the three got the new idea.
have have has had
is the baby tomorrow.
whom I shall look I shall look after I shall look after whom I shall look after
Ⅱ.从A、B、C、D中找出错误的一项.(5×2)
′ll be dark by the time(A) you get to(B) the river, so I′m afraid you′ll have to(C) go back the same way that(D) you came.
I first came(A) to the supermarket, I worked in(B) the department where(C) sold cooked or prepared(D) food.
have read(A) the novel twice(B) which(C) you are talking about it(D).
'd like to buy(A) that new model recorder but which(B) is too expensive for(C) me at present(D).
Poio,who(A) was a great Italian traveller,travelled all the way(B) to China,where(C) was then(D) called Cathay.
参考答案
Ⅱ.
Ⅲ. was talking with a lady whose son was ill.
you very much for the present which you sent to my sister.
'm wearing the clothes which have been cleaned.
is sitting in a chair which is broken.(The chair which he is sitting in is broken.) is a person whom everyone likes to make friends with
定语从句的用法和精练
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语)
用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
I.单项填空。
1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?
-Yes, he’s our headmaster.
A. he
B. who
C. which
D. whom
2. Is this the river _____I can swim?
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. the one
3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. it
4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?
A. that you bought
B. you bought it
C. that you bought it
D. which you bought it
5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.
A. which agrees
B. who agree
C. who agrees
D. which agree
6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.
A. that
B. it
C. which Dwho
7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate
A. who’s
B. whose
C. that of which.
8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.
A. which; is
B. whom; was
C. who; is
D. who; was
9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. who
10. The world ______ is made up of matter.
A. in that we live
B. on which we live
C. where we live in
D. we live in
Ⅱ. 用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom填空。
1. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal. That
2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.
3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.
4. The house _____we live in is very old.
5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now?
定语从句基础题
1. This is the bag __A___ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
2. Is this the factory __B___ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one
B. which
C. who
D. whom
3. The lesson (which, that) we studied yesterday was hard to understand.
4. Is this the shop ___A__ sells children’s clothing?
A. which
B. where
C. in which
D. what
5、They work in a factory (which /that) makes radio parts.
6. The hotel ____A______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
7. Please show me the book __A___ you bought yesterday.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. this
8、A plane is a machine can fly.(machine后加which/that)
9、The hospital(that/ which )was built five years ago has been modernized
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
10、The film (which/that) we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.
11. The man ___C__ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. /
12. The girl _____A_____ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing
B. is singing
C. sang
D. was singing
13、Those that want to go put up your hands.(that--who)
14. The girl ___A__ you saw in the street is Mary.
15、The man came yesterday is our English teacher.(man 后加who)
16、The students are playing football on the playground are of Class Two .(students 后加who)
17、This is the professor (who /that) taught me chemistry in 1980 .
18、Do you know the student (who/ that ) was praised at the meeting?
19、Those (who) want to go to the computer room write your names here.
20.你在会上看到的那个女孩是个出名的游泳运动员。
21. The girl (who, whom, that) you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.
22. The man __B___ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who
C. /
D. he
23.昨天在动物园我和他说话的那个人是一位工程师，我父亲的一个朋友
24. The man (who, whom, that) I spoke to in the zoo yesterday is an engineer, a friend of my father”s.
25. This is the school ___C__ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that
B. when
C. where
D. there
26. I still remember the sitting-room __D___ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
27. Have you visited the house __A___ the famous scientist was born?
A. where
B. in that
C. that
D. which
28、They work in a factory (where) radio parts are made.
29. Who can think of a situation ____C______ this idiom can be used?
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. in that
30. The factory ___B__ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
31、This is the room which food is kept. (which--where)
32、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.(去掉there)
33. Do you still remember the day _B____ we first met?
D. which
34. 1949 was the year( B) new China was born.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. on that
36. October 1,1949 was the day __B___ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. in which
37、1949 is the year (when) the People’s Republic of China was founded.
38.他就是我们昨天在报纸上见到照片的那个工人。
39. He is the very worker( whose) picture we saw in the newspaper yesterday.
40、This is the boy (whose) father died three years ago.
41、Can you think of anyone who’s house was here?(who's--whose)
42、Is there any one in your class (A) family is in the city.
A．whose B．which C．who’s D．who
43. I met the man whose car had broken down.
44. They are going swimming in the river whose water is very clear.
45.我总不太明白他犯这样一个错误的原因。
I never really understand the reason why he made such a serious mistake.
46. Is that the reason ____C______ you are in favour of the proposal?
A. which
B. what
C. why
D. for that
47、Do you know the reason (A) she got so angry yesterday ?
A．why B．which C．for that D．for why
48、I know the reason that she looks so worried. (that --why)
49. There is no difficulty () can't be overcome in the world .
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. who
50. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ( ) she could turn for help .
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
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初中英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．I will never forget the fire ______________ happened in Shanghai last year. A．when B．where C．what D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 考点：考查定语从句。 【详解】 试题分析：句意：我将永远不会忘记去年上海发生的火灾。先行词the fire是物，故其定语从句要用which引导。what不引导定语从句；when先行词是时间；where先行词是地点；根据题意，故选D。 3．–What are you looking for? –I’m looking for the storybook you lent to me last week. A．who B．which C．when 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。 本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。
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一、概念 在复合句中，修饰一个或的从句叫做定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的词叫；定语从句必须放在先行词之；引导定语从句的词叫关联词。如： ［关联词］ 常见的关联词有关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose等。 二、关系代词的用法 1. that 既指人又指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。 The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. 位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。 The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。 3.who、whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。 Who is the teacher （whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ 4.whose既可指人也可指物，在句中作定语，后面直接加名词。 He is the boy whose father is a policeman. [训练一] 1.A fridge is a machine is used for keeping food fresh. A.that B.who C.what D.whose 2.This is the skirt I bought for my sister. A.what B.where C.which D.what 3．The family ____ I stayed with in Paris are coming to London. A. whose B. which C . what D. whom 4．Are you the man ____ bicycle was stolen ? A. who is B .whose C. his D. of which the 5. Anyone ___ with what I said may raise your hand. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. This is the house in ___ my grandfather once lived. A. where B. that C. whose D. which 8.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B. whose C. that of which. 9.The young lady we met yesterday is our new Chinese teacher. A.what B.whose C.whom D.which
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