写作教程第二册答案 (1-16key)(课堂PPT)
写作教程 第二册答案课件
balls on the branches near the base of the tree. Meanwhile, the two older children were placing ornaments on the higher branches. Finally, our parents completed the decorating by placing a beautiful golden-haired angel at the very top of the tree. After we finished the tree, we hurriedly dressed and walked down the street to Midnight Mass. As we listened to the service, we remembered the reason we celebrated Christmas. Then we returned home where we ate some of Mother's Christmas goodies. We always ended our Christmas Eve ritual around 2 a.m. by gathering around the tree and singing "Silent Night."
warm has many advantages.
写作教程 第二册答案
• 4. • Paragraph I All inventions are either basic
inventions or improvements on earlier inventions. • Paragraph 2 There was a serious accident in the chemistry lab yesterday. • Paragraph 3 Nutritional deficiency is a major problem of the elderly.
写作教程第二册chapter 10 punctuation(课堂PPT)
– Exclamation mark (! ) used to end an emphatic or strongly worded statement
• What a man!
• You're lying!
2) Follow-up activities: the Classroom Activities 2 on p158
• Writing: write a conclusion for a short composition
2
Teaching focus
• the functions of punctuation • how to end a sentence, how to join
sentences and how to punctuate a sentence • Writing: a conclusion for a short composition
Apostrophe ’ Dashes — Hyphen Brackets/Parentheses () [] Elliptical periods … Slash /solidus / Italic Capitalization Abbreviation WTO
4
10.1 Punctuation
5
10.1 Punctuation
• In written English, punctuation is vital to disambiguate(消除…的歧义) the meaning of sentences.
e.g. ① woman without her man is nothing "woman, without her man, is nothing.” "woman: without her, man is nothing.“ ② eats shoots and leaves "eats shoots and leaves" "eats, shoots and leaves."
写作教程 第二册答案ppt课件
6. Topic sentence:
5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 9, 8, 3, 2
7.
1) First of all 2) Secondly 3) By and by 4) In addition 5) In short
8.
Several techniques have been used to achieve coherence:
Unit 1
Follow-up exercises
Write a focused topic sentence for thБайду номын сангаас following subject
Looking for jobs A person can look for a job in several ways. Penguins Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.
balls on the branches near the base of the tree. Meanwhile, the two older children were placing ornaments on the higher branches. Finally, our parents completed the decorating by placing a beautiful goldenhaired angel at the very top of the tree. After we finished the tree, we hurriedly dressed and walked down the street to Midnight Mass. As we listened to the service, we remembered the reason we celebrated Christmas. Then we returned home where we ate some of Mother's Christmas goodies. We always ended our Christmas Eve ritual around 2 a.m. by gathering around the tree and singing "Silent Night."
写作教程第二册 答案 PPT
2. Getting off the car, 2. We got off at the first we headed for Space stop and immediately Mountain. - After waiting headed for the Country in line for almost an hour, Bear Jamboree. we boarded the famous - After waiting in a long roller coaster that took line, we thoroughly us for a thrilling ride enjoyed the singing and
Concluding sentence:
Although we were very tired at midnight, we agreed that our two-day vacation at Disney World was one of the best we had ever had.
balls on the branches near the base of the tree. Meanwhile, the two older children were placing ornaments on the higher branches. Finally, our parents completed the decorating by placing a beautiful goldenhaired angel at the very top of the tree. After we finished the tree, we hurriedly dressed and walked down the street to Midnight Mass. As we listened to the service, we remembered the reason we celebrated Christmas. Then we returned home where we ate some of Mother's Christmas goodies. We always ended our Christmas Eve ritual around 2 a.m. by gathering around the tree and singing "Silent Night."
英语写作教程2复旦大学版课后答案
英语写作教程2复旦大学版课后答案1、In order to find the missing child, villagers _______ all they can over the past five hours. [单选题] *A. didB. doC. had doneD. have been doing(正确答案)2、John and Jack had looked for the key, but _____ of them found it. [单选题] *A. noneB. neither(正确答案)C. bothD. either3、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. （）[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting4、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] *A. to read(正确答案)B. readingC. readD. to reading5、You might not like the way Sam behaves, but please be kind to him. _____, he is your grandfather. [单选题] *A. After all(正确答案)B. Above allC. In allD. At all6、The firm attributed the accident to（）fog, and no casualties have been reported until now. [单选题] *A. minimumB. scarceC. dense(正确答案)D. seldom7、If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was _____ choice. [单选题] *A. goodB. the bestC. betterD. the better(正确答案)8、—Excuse me, how long does it ______ to walk to the library? —About 15 minutes, I’m afraid.（）[单选题] *A. take(正确答案)B. spendC. costD. pay9、64．Would you like to drink ________？[单选题] *A．something else(正确答案)B．anything elseC．else somethingD．else anything10、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回11、( ). I’m _____ in that ______ film [单选题] *A. interesting interestedB. interested interesting(正确答案)C. interested interestedD. interesting interesting12、Stephanie _______ going shopping to staying at home. [单选题] *A. prefers(正确答案)B. likesC. preferD. instead13、19．_______ will the film Country Road last? [单选题] * A．How farB．How oftenC．How soonD．How long(正确答案)14、95．-Dad, can we walk? ? ? ? ? ? ?the road now?-No,we? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . We have to wait until the light turns green. [单选题] *A．across, needn’tB．across, mustn’t(正确答案)C．though, can’tD．through, mustn't15、I?have to?_______ my younger brother on Sunday. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look upC. take careD. look out16、One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but at least can help cover my living（）. [单选题] *A. billsB. expenses(正确答案)C. pricesD. charges17、Bliss, who worked in an information centre, began to work on the book in 1 [单选题] *A. 策划B. 上班C. 写作(正确答案)D. 销售18、He does ______ in math.（）[单选题] *A. goodB. betterC. well(正确答案)D. best19、Having stayed in the United States for more than ten years, he got an American（）[单选题] *A. speechB. accent(正确答案)C. voiceD. sound20、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)21、His father always _______ by subway. [单选题] *A. go to workB. go to schoolC. goes to bedD. goes to work(正确答案)22、11．________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *A．HowB．WhatC．What a (正确答案)D．What an23、It is reported that the fire caused serious（）to that school building. [单选题] *A. damage(正确答案)B. destroyC. harmD.hurt24、My brother will come to see me tomorrow. I’ll meet?_______ at the airport. [单选题] *A. herB. youC. him(正确答案)D. them25、We often go to the zoo _______ Saturday mornings. [单选题] *A. atB. inC. on(正确答案)D. of26、I _______ seeing you soon. [单选题] *A. look afterB. look forC. look atD. look forward to(正确答案)27、We need some green paint badly, but there' s _____ at hand. [单选题] *A. notB. nothingC. little(正确答案)D. none28、Medicines are to be taken according to the doctor’s advice. [单选题] *A. 发放B. 提取C. 配方D. 服用(正确答案)29、--It is Sunday tomorrow, I have no idea what to do.--What about _______? [单选题] *A. play computer gamesB. go fishingC. climbing the mountain(正确答案)D. see a film30、--All of you have passed the test!--_______ pleasant news you have told us! [单选题] *A. HowB. How aC. What(正确答案)D. What a。
写作教程 第二册 答案PPT课件
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2
Personality One's personality plays an important role in foreign language learning. Weather Living in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.
l) Repetition of key words: junk food, students (as are underlined)
2) Use of transitional signals: For one reason, Also, As a result, however (as are italicized)
Unit 1
Follow-up exercises
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1
Write a focused topic sentence for the following subject
Looking for jobs A person can look for a job in several ways. Penguins Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.
Paragraph 3 Nutritional deficiency is a major problem of the elderly.
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4
5. Paragraph 1
The world has enjoyed many benefits from the invention of telephone. Paragraph 2 I had a terrible morning today.
英语写作2课后答案
英语写作2课后答案英语写作2 课后答案Unit 13.1) A person can look for a job in several ways.2) Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.3) One’s personality plays an important role in foreign language learning.4) Living in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.4.Paragraph 1: All inventions are either basic inventions or improvements on earlier inventions. Paragraph 2: There was a serious accident in the chemistry lab yesterday.Paragraph 3: Nutritional deficiency is a major problem of the elderly.5.1) topic sentencesParagraph 1: The world had enjoyed many benefits from the invention of the telephone. Paragraph 2: I had a terrible morning today.2)sentences that do not support the topic sentence in the paragraphParagraph 1: Many people do not like writing letters to each other. And nowadays, the Internet has brought us more convenience.Paragraph 2: I heard that he was also very strict with his own children.6.Topic sentence: 5) Generally speaking, there are many attractions of living in a city.Logical sequence of the sentences: 5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 9, 8, 3, 2.7.(1) First of all(2) Secondly(3) By and by(4) In addition(5) In short8.1) repetition of key words : junk food, students2) use of transitional signals: for one reason, also, as a result, however3) use of pronouns: they, their, thisPart III Follow-up Exercises3.Topic sentence: When I was a child, we never varied our Christmas Eve ritual.1) , when 2) 3) As soon as 4) , 5) 6) Meanwhile, 7) Finally, 8) After 9), 10) and 11) Ad 12) , 13) Then 14) 15)4.Logical sequence of the sentences:4, 10, 5, 12, 3, 7, 15, 9, 14, 2, 11, 8, 13, 6, 1Topic sentence: My family spent two fun-filled days at Disney World last year.Concluding sentence: Although we were very tired at midnight, we agreed that our two-day vacation at Disney World was one of the best we had ever had.5.(1) Then (2) morning (3) afternoon (4) Then(5) After that (6) when (7) already (8) after6.The New Year celebration was so unforgettable for me when I was a child. Weeks before the New Year’s Day, my mother would let me help her send out New Year’s cards and go shopping with her. In the crowded markets, I bought firecrackers, like all the ot her kids. Then, beginning on New Year’s Eve, the sound of exploding firecrackers was everywhere, day and night. On New Year’s Day, I watched huge parades go by in the middle of the streets. People wearing costumes danced past us. Some o f them were playing instruments, some were having lion dances, and dragon dances.Afterwards, we worshiped our ancestors in a temple and visited friends and relatives to wish them happy.3.logical sequence of the sentence: 3, 6, 1, 4, 7, 5, 2Relationship: Primarily, the organization of the paragraph represents movement in geographical space.4.1) in above in front of under through behind2) The central focus is “a shocking experience.” To support the main idea, the writer uses a lot of descriptions and organizes these details according to the space relationship, and thus coherence is achieved.5.(1) into(2) crosses(3) In the center of(4) Outside(5) inside(6) On the front(7) over(8) down(9) lined with(10) At the rear6.This paragraph is developed in a circular order, i.e. from east to north, and then to south3.1) Pattern: description with supplementary explanations.2) the tableSteps of the processStep 1 Wooden casks are first interconnected and then stacked in tiers.Step 2 Young sherries are poured into the casks at the top wheras the mature sherries are drawn out of the casks at the bottom.Step 3 Different sherries are constantly mixed up.Result of the effortStep 1 noStep 2 One third of the content is drawn out of one cask in any one year.Step 3 Special characteristics of the different sherries are maintained year after year.4.(1) with(2) while(3) slowly(4) Gradually(5) with(6) By this time(7) Suddenly8) final(9) ending(10) applause5.Task OneProcedures of celebrating the festival:Step 1: Prepare and lay out food; make the special lanterns.Step 2: Keep dancing and singing overnight.Step 3: Throw the food and lanterns into a river or sea.Step 4: Watch the lanterns drifting way.Linking words and phrases that connect these procedures: Firstly, also, afterward, then, signals the endTask TwoA Festival for the Dead is held once a year in Japan. This festival is a cheerful occasion, for on this day, the dead are said to return to their homes and they are welcomed by the living. As they are expected to be hungry after their long journey, food is firstly prepared and laid out for them. Also prepared and specially made are the lanterns, which are hung outside each house to helpthe dead to find their way. Afterward people keep dancing and singing all night long till the early morning. Then the food that had been laid out for the dead is thrown into a river or into the sea as it is considered unlucky for anyone living to eat it. In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns, which had been hung in the streets the night before, are placed into the water. This signals the end of the festival. Thousands of lanterns then slowly drift out to sea guiding the dead on their return journey to the other world. This is a moving spectacle, for crowds ofpeople stand on the shore watching the lanterns drifting away until they can be seen no more.6.According to the Chinese Lunar calendar, the 15th day of the eighth lunar month is the day for the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the day usually falls on one of the days in the latter half of Septem ber. For this occasion people need to buy moon cakes in advance. And when that evening comes with a full moon rising, Chinese families begin to have a big dinner together. The family members enjoy many delicacies, including sweet or salty moon cakes as well as some special food like taros and young soy beans. For those who are absent from the family, moon cakes have already been s ent to them days before. When the family enjoy all of these, they will look up at the full moon, ch atting or missing their faraway relatives or friends. For them, the full moon symbolizes “reunion.”Such feelings and scenes are fully expressed by a Chinese saying: the moon at home is exceptiona lly brighter.3.1) Paragraph A follows Pattern 2, which uses one extended example to illustrate the controlling idea. Paragraph B follows Pattern 1, which uses several examples to illustrate the topic sentence.2)The outline for paragraph B:Topic sentence: Working in an apple plant was the worst job I ever had.Examples:1. First of all, the work was physically hard.Specific details:1) For ten hours a night, I took cartons that rolled down a metal track and stacked them onto wooden skids in a tractortrailer.2) Each carton contained twelve 32-ounce cans or bottles of apple juice, and they were heavy.2. The second bad feature of the job was the pay.Specific details:I was getting the minimum wage at that time, $1.25 an hour, plus a minimum of a nickel extra for working the night shift.3. The worst feature of the apple plant job was the working conditions.Specific details:1) During work we were limited to two 10-minute breaks and an unpaid half-hour for lunch.2) The steel floors of the trucks were like ice; the quickly penetrating cold made my feet feel like stone.Concluding sentence: I felt humiliated by the poverty that forced me to do such a bitter job.4.Logical sequence of the sentences:3, 6, 1, 8, 2, 4, 7, 5,Pattern: It follows Patten 1 and uses many examples to illustrate the controlling idea.5.(1) For example (2) Furthermore (3) In still another instance(4) Even (5) his (6) these (7) contemporary6.Examples 2, 3 and 5 are relevant and specific. They are effective examples that can be used. Examples 1 and 7 are not specific, though relevant.Examples 4 and 6 are completely irrelevant. They don’t refer to a Massac husetts law.7.1) Topic sentence: I’ve never seen a girl as lazy as Arena.2) Topic sentence: English teachers are applying different means to teach English language.3) Topic sentence: Americans have been decreasing their working hours since the early 1900s.4) Topic sentence: My father has been a generous man to his children.3.Subject: RepublicClass: a form of governmentCharacteristics: in which power resides in the people (the electorate)Subject: WolfClass: a large, dog-like carnivorous mammalCharacteristics: with yellowish or brownish gray and coarse fur, erect pointed ears, and a bushy tailSubject: JazzClass: a style of musicCharacteristics: that features improvisation and performance Subject: persistenceClass: a kind of qualityCharacteristics: not giving up even during rough times4.1), 2) The expression “is where” and “is when” should not be used to begin the main part of a definition. The linking verb “is” sho uld be followed by a noun, a pronoun or an adjective. Improved: 1) A stadium is a structure or building in which sports spectaculars are held.2) Socialism is a theory or system of community organizationthat advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production, capital, land and so forth, in the community as a whole.3) This is a circular definition, a practice of defining a term with the term itself.Improved: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use the energy of light to produce compounds, such as sugar and starch, from a number of substances including water and carbon dioxide.4) The subject is defined in a language equally or more complex than the original.Improved: Surreptitious means “secret.”5) Exemplification is mistaken for definition; the examples are good for clarification, but they do not define.Improved: Political conservatives are people who are dedicated to preserving the existing conditions, such as WilliamF. Buckley, Jr., and Pat Robertson.6) It is a generalization rather than a precise definition, for the concept is defined with characteristics without being first put under a class or category.Improved: Hearing aids are a kind of device which enables deaf people to hear sounds such as normal speech.5.Task OneLogical sequence of the sentences: 2, 1, 3, 5, 4, 6,Task Three-- The purpose of the paragraph is to explain a Spanish word which has no exact English equivalent.-- The two main characteristics of machismo are courageous behavior and earthy sexuality.-- “Also” is the transitional word that leads you from the first characteristic to the second one.6.a) Members of all social classes and people of all ages consider rude behaviors to be socially unacceptable, but the standard has changed over the years. For my grandmother, who was born before the turn of the century, it was rude to start eating before everyone else was served. It was also very rude for children or younger people to interrupt older people when they were speaking. For my dad, who grew up during the Depression and the Second World war, it was rude not to say hello to a clerk in the store, and he thought my brothers and I were rude when we made unfavorable remarks about him.b) Today, rudeness is not just a matter of forgetting small courtesies. Rudeness is also being impatient and pushy. When people cut into my lane when I am driving or shove in front of me in line, I get very angry.3.1) pattern: single effect and multiple causes.2) causes(1) got drunk at the party(2) had taken the drug of Accutane(3) adolescent depressionEffect:Bart Jr’s suicide4.Logical sequence of the sentences:2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5,Pattern of cause and effect:single effect and multiple causes.5.Task one.Topic: Society itself may be producing the distortions of personality, mental illness, and emotional instability.Causes1) society’s compartmentalizing2) society’s competitive demands3) inability to rebelEffectDistortions of personality, etc.3..1) Topic: University Students’ EntertainmentTo pic sentence: University students’ entertainment can be divided into three categories according to where it takes place.Division:a) entertainment at homeb) entertainment on campusc) entertainment elsewhere2) Topic: Roles of Young Married Women in SocietyTopic sentence: The average young married woman in today’s society has her life divided into three different roles.Division:a) the role of lifeb) the role of motherc) the role of self3) Topic: NeighborsTopic sentence: Neighbors fall into three categories according to their different attitudes towards you.Division:a) those who are friendlyb) those who are indifferentc) those who hate you4.1) Out: firm, single basis: size2) Out: fatigue, single basis: field3) Out: Baptism, single basis: branch4) Out: seashore, single basis: time5..Logical sequence of the sentences:7, 3, 10, 9, 1, 5, 8 ,4, 2 ,11, 6,Subject: Christmas giftsTopic sentence: Christmas gifts can be divided into three groups, according to their after-Christmas fate.Division:a) those that are welcomed and put into use very soonb) those that are halfway between being hated and lovedc) those that you banish as soon as possible.Concluding sentence: By New Year’s Day, you have either used, stored or disposed of each of your Christmas gifts.6.(1) types (2) Though (3) Finally (4) however (5) Even though (6) Before (7) third (8) If(9) Then (10) these3.Pattern: point-by-pointSubject 1: Western HomesPoint:Room function: Each room has its own function.Table: Each home has several tables for different functions. Door: Western homes have fixed, hinged doors.Subject 2: Japanese HomesPoint:Room function: One room serves all the functions.Table: One low table serves all the purposes.Door: Japanese homes have lightweight sliding doors.4.Logical sequence of the sentences:5, 3, 6, 2, 4, 8, 7, 1Pattern of comparison and contrast: subject by subject5. Put the following words in the blanks; some can be used twice. (1) similar (2) although (3) difference (4) identical (5) again (6) while (7) But (8) difference (9) consistency (10) completely6.3.General Statement: The enormous importance of television news had started the process of change in the printed press.4.Paragraph one:At present, there has been profound change in mass media. In the magazine industry, for example, mass magazines have routinely been replaced by magazines aimed at very specific audience. Suburban, community, and neighborhood newspapers have boomed, while many large metropolitan newspapers have declined. Movies have gone after particular audiences and tastes. Mini-theaters attract small audiences. Network radio has been superseded by AM and FM stations aimed at very specific audiences. The CB radio boom is an example of the success of an extremely personal form of communication. Television is headed in the same direction. That can mean something for everyone—and an endless string of choices. In brief, each medium is moving toward more and more specialization.Paragraph Two:How have advertisements aff ected people’s lives?Radio commercials get millions of teenagers to shop for the products made “exclusively” for them. Similarly, magazine, advertisements, showing gorgeous models dressed in the latest style, convince women that they must buy a new wardrobe in order to remain fashionable. And newspapers, too, are filled with ads which stress the need to “buy now at bargain prices” everything form pills to major household appliances. Finally, TV programs, also, are interrupted every five minutes with commercials urging people to try a new detergent, to compare their brand of cigarettes with another, or to drink a different kind of beer. Thus, mass media advertising serves mass production by getting people to buy, buy and buy.5.A. Programs on TV tend to have a high level of maturity.(1) fostering maturity at early age or hindering maturity(2) misleading children to imitating scenes on TVB. TV serials or dramas may oversimplify complex social and psychological problems.(1) enjoying simple-minded soap operas and stereotyped characters(2) giving a false picture of realityC. Informative and cultural programs are frequently interrupted by vulgar advertising.(1) too many commercials(2) an insult even to the intelligence of a moronGeneralization: In brief, it is harmful and damaging forchildren to watch too much television.6.(1) Thus (2) When (3) also (4) however(5) Moreover (6) indeed (7) also (8) Yet(9) and (10) Thus3.The description centers on one trait of personality: Uncle Amo’s being ordinary and average in life.4.There are obviously three methods used: comparison (1), generalization (2, 4), and cause-effect3.4.1) For example, some people don’t like to stay at home after work.2) I once stopped drinking for a while.3) The world we live in is changing every day.4) And the price of tobacco has been going up on the international market.5) A lot of people have successfully given up smoking now.5.1) The thesis statement is “there are minor differences between them in three areas.” It is the second sentence in the first paragraph.3)By repetition of key words: difference, British English,American English.By using transitional words and phrases: in terms of, in addition to, second, third, generally speaking.6.Task One(1) usually (2) often (3) Since (4) on the other hand(5) also (6) but (7) AlthoughTask Two3.Sentences that tell: 1, 3, 6 Sentences that show: 2, 4, 55.Logical sequence of the sentences: 8, 3, 7, 1, 5, 9, 13, 2, 6, 12, 4, 11, 106.(1) While(2) in the morning(3) in the evening(4) While(5) until(6) while(7) before(8) at six o’clock(9) As soon as(10) Unfortunately(11) What’s more(12) After(13) the next morning(14) later(15) Luckily(16) until(17) at last3. Conclusion4.We used to go sled riding down in curving garden paths.Once my father wanted to buy the house and fix it up.In nice weather, we played pirates and outlaws in the lilac bushes.It was the favorite place to play in our neighborhood.5. 3, 2, 7, 1, 8, 5, 6, 46.1) cozy 2) soft 3) On one side of4) Next to 5) muted 6)On the other side of7) nap 8) orange 9) lighted 10)sizzling7.1) The writer employs the spatial order in his description.The opening sentence presents an image of both ends of the table, with the rest of the description organized from these points in space. Sentence 2 shows the progression of objects from the ends of the table to the center. Sentence 3 focuses on the objects in the middle of the table. Thus the reader can visualize the scene very vividly.2) The prepositional phrases of location and direction are:at one end of the table, at the other end of the table, on a bed of creased paper, round its shin, beside this, between these rival ends, on which lay bunches of purple raisins, on which lay a solid rectangle of Smyrna figs, in which stood some tall celery stalks, in the center of the table3) The verbs used are primarily static verbs, like “to be,”“lay,” and “stood,” which reinforce the spatial pattern and contribute to the central impression. They are effective for the purpose as the point of view is that of an observer who is close to the scene being described.3. Thesis statement : If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, areaffected by colors unconsciously.Organizational structureParagraph 1: Introduction/Thesis statementParagraph 2: Supporting paragraphTopic: discoveries of manufacturersExamples: sugar, foods and cosmeticsParagraph 3: Supporting paragraphTopic: discoveries of experimentsExamples: red, blue, yellowParagraph 4: Conclusion: result of the discoveries4.1) The thesis statement is “Bones can provide archaeologists with a valuable method ofmeasuring time.” It is the first sentence in the first paragraph.2) The purpose is to inform.Methods of development :a) process of calcium collection in bones over long times;b) scientific deduction from the change in bones;c) example to support the thesis.3) Unity: by introducing the thesis ( information ) in the first paragraph, and explaining the keypoints involved in the information ( i.e. what calcium andcalcium-9 in bones are and how they come into being ) and how scientists can make use of them in the second paragraph, and finally citing an example to confirm the truth of the information.Coherence:a) by repetition of key words: bones, method, calcium, calcium,calcium-9, archaeologistsb) by use of transitional words and phrases: while, when, because, in comparisonto , actually, little by little5.1) confirmed 2) findings 3) than 4) Whereas 5) as6) if 7) together 8) lead to 9) where 10) adults6.Purpose: to inform drivers that they should keep the four-second rule instead of the two-second rule on highways in order to avoid collision or pileups.Topic 11) Most multiple-car pileups occur at speeds over 55 miles per hour.2) Their drivers may observe the famous two-second rule.3) This rule means to keep two seconds of traveling time behind the vehicle ahead. Topic 2 ( also thesis ): On highways drivers should use the four-second rule, not the two-second。
写作教程第2版 ppt课件
PPT课件
6
• Complete the table according to the steps in Sample 1:
• Step 1 Get ready flour, water, sugar, salt, eggs, and chocolate.
• The purpose of process description is usually to inform, teach, or give ideas to the reader about how something new (or interesting or conventional) happens or in what way it can be completed.
• Step 2 Mix flour and baking soda together with water.
• Step 3 Add salt and put butter and sugar together in a separate bowl.
• Step 4 Add two eggs to this mixture.
PPT课件
8
• Summarize the pattern of process description in the paragraph.
• We have observed that the sample paragraph explains or describes the successive steps of making some cookies for afternoon tea in Britain. This pattern of organization is called process writing. In this pattern, you may illustrate the process of doing something in detail from beginning to end. And the description of these details has to follow the order of the actual steps.
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5. Paragraph 1
The world has enjoyed many benefits from the invention of telephone. Paragraph 2 I had a terrible morning today.
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6. Topic sentence:
5, 7, 4, 1, 6, 9, 8, 3, 2
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4. Logical sequence of the sentences: 4 – 10 – 5 – 12 – 3 – 7 – 15 – 9 – 14 – 2 – 11 – 8 – 13 – 6 - 1
Topic sentence: My family spent two funfilled days at Disney World last year.
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What we did on the first day
What we did on the second day
1. We boarded the monorail and rode around the park
1. Early the next morning we once again the climbed aboard the monorail and headed for another day of fun.
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4. Paragraph I All inventions are either basic inventions or improvements on earlier inventions.
Paragraph 2 There was a serious accident in the chemistry lab yesterday. Paragraph 3 Nutritional deficiency is a major problem of the elderly.
Unit 1
Follow-up exercises
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Write a focused topic sentence for the following subject
Looking for jobs A person can look for a job in several ways. Penguins Penguins resemble human beings in many respects.
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Unit 2 FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES
3. When I was a child, we never varied our Christmas Eve ritual. We always began our private celebration promptly at 6 p.m. on December 24 when the whole family assembled in our small kitchen. We watched as Mother and my older sister prepared a light supper. As soon as we finished the meal, we rushed into the living room to decorate the tree. The younger children started the decorating by putting tinsel and colorful
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Personality One's personality plays an important role in foreign language learning. Weather Living in a place where the weather is always warm has many advantages.
2) Use of transitional signals: For one reason, Also, As a result, however (as are italicized)
3) Use of pronouns: they, their, this (as are boldfaced)
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balls on the branches near the base of the tree. Meanwhile, the two older children were placing ornaments on the higher branches. Finally, our parents completed the decorating by placing a beautiful golden-haired angel at the very top of the tree. After we finished the tree, we hurriedly dressed and walked down the street to Midnight Mass. As we listened to the service, we remembered the reason we celebrated Christmas. Then we returned home where we ate some of Mother's Christmas goodies. We always ended our Christmas Eve ritual around 2 a.m. by gathering around the tree and singing "Silent Night."
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7.
1) First of all 2) Secondly 3) By and by 4) In addition 5) In shorues have been used to achieve coherence:
l) Repetition of key words: junk food, students (as are underlined)