Unit 1大学英语精读第六册
大学英语精读(1)unit 1(第三讲)
Translation
Active Text
(Para. 2b) students communicate with each other and
their teachers. Some classes may require students to all log in at the same time so they can attend live lectures by a professor. Third, the Internet is informative. The information it stores in the lately 20 years is more than what human being has recorded in the past 2000 years. It is just like a 24hour library, which enables us to search for the right information we need by simply typing in some key words. 7
噪声，举个例子，就是一种污染。
More to Learn
Difficult Sentences
3. We can do a lot of things online, such as searching for information and communicating with friends no matter how far. 我们可以在网上做很多事情，例如寻找信息及和朋友沟
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It is just like a 24 hour library, which enables us to …
现代大学英语精读1Unit_6_课后练习答案
Unit 6Preview1.Listen to the recording of the text and choose the statement that best reflects your understanding.1.D2.C3.A4.C5.DVocabulary1.Become familiar with the rules of word formation.1.Give the corresponding nouns for the following verbs.1. strain 7. realization 13. assurance2. teasing/tease 8. burial 14. astonishment3. dawn 9. scattering/scatter 15. expectation4. Death 10. grasp 16.insurance5. leak 11. appreciation 17. reflection6. inspection 12. flight 18. belief2.Give the corresponding verbs for the following nouns.1. stream 6. Accept2. state7. encounter3. relate8. Collect4. form9. radiate5. recognize10. identify3. Decide whether the missing letter is e, o or a.（注意：在不发音的 e 结尾的动词后边加er, or 或 ar 时，应先删去该字母e；在以重读闭音节结尾的动词后边加er, or 或 ar 时，如结尾只有一个辅音，则该辅音一定双写。
）1. reporter 10. supporter 19. composer2. professor 11. visitor 20. interpreter3． Editor 12.1iar 21.beggar4． Adviser 13. seller 22. sailor5． Robber 14. murderer 23. announcer6. actor 15.traveler 24. manager7. aggressor 16. scholar 25. invader8. beginner 17. author 26. creator9. passenger 18. successor 27. dealer4. Translate the following expressions, paying attention to the different use of thesuffix “-ful ”.1．令人惭愧的结果10.带着哭腔；泪如泉涌地2．满满一碗米饭11.吃一大口3．色彩娇艳的衣服12.一厢宁愿的想法4．一个令人快乐的人13.有希望的局势5．满满一篮子的苹果14.一房屋的客人6．满满一盒巧克力15.一调羹油7．一小撮人16.一大捧书8．一条有帮助的建议17.难过的记忆9．一个有害的习惯18.开朗的性格5.Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the appropriate words listed below.1 acceptance2 occurrence3 astonishing, unrecognizable4 appreciative, expectations5 identical, identify, identifications2.Give corresponding synonyms and antonyms for the following words.Synonyms1. meet (with)8. remark, speech, comment2. show, indicate, symbolize, represent9. consider, see, view, look upon, take3. stupid, dull, unwise10. speak about, chat, discuss4. old11. require, need5. examine, look closely12. think carefully, consider, ponder over6. arrive at, get to, come to, go to13. ridicule, mock7. repair14. surpriseAntonyms1. flat, gentle, gradual9. later, in the future2. incomplete10. few3. believe, trust11. small, tiny4. unexpected12. empty5. seriously, formally13. unconscious6. relative, conditional, questionable14. insignificance7. unknown15. at last8. ugliness3. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the appropriate phrases and expressions listed below. Note that some of them may be used more than once.1. After all, regarded as2. regarded as / in a sense, consists of3. for ages, at once4. were astonished at, After all5. calls for, on their part/ in turn6. dawned on, in case, melt into7. reflect on, in relation to, calls for8. cut, in, on their part/ in turn, work out4. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.1 off/ out2 off3 out/through4 through5 to, through6 to7 with8 on9 to10 with5. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressionslisted below.1. 当我们抵达目的地时，我们发现这块地上已经没有任何建筑，只有一些石头散落在地上。
大学英语精读：第六册UNIT1
Writing research reports for college or work is often found far more difficult than it need so be. The following article offers some excellent advice on how to make the task easier and the report more impressive and effective. Whether you write a research report for a college professor or for a demanding boss in your profession, the author's advice will put you well on your way to becoming a skillful report writer.RESEARCH REPORTS FOR BUSINESS AND THECNICAL WRITINGWayne Losano A surprising amount of one's time as a student and professional is spent reporting the results of one's research projects for presentation to teachers, managers, and clients. Indeed, without basic research skills and the ability to present research results clearly and completely, an individual will encounter many obstacles in school and on the job. The need for some research-writing ability is felt nearly equally by college students in all fields, engineering and science as well as business and the humanities. Graduate study often makes great demands on the student's research-writing skills, and most professions continue the demand; education, advertising and marketing, economics and accounting, science and engineering, psychology, anthropology, the arts, and agriculture may all require regular reporting of research data. ELEMENTS OF THE RESEARCH PAPER The standard research report, regardless of the field or the intended reader, contains four major sections. These sections may be broken down into a variety of subsections, and they may be arranged in a variety of ways, but they regularly make up the core of the report. Problem Section. The first required section of a research report is the statement of the problem with which the research project is concerned. This section requires a precise statement of the underlying question which the researcher has set out to answer. In this same section there should be an explanation of the significance —— social, economic, medical, psychological, educational, etc. —— of the question; in other words, why the investigation was worth conducting. Thus, if we set out, for example, to answer the question "What is the effect of regular consumption of fast foods on the health of the American teenager?" we must explain that the question is thought to have significant relevance to the health of this segment of the population and might lead to some sort of regulations on such foods. A frequent subsection of this problem section is a review of past research on the topic being investigated. This would consist of summaries of the contributions of previous researcher to the question under consideration with some assessment of the value of these contributions. This subsection has rhetorical usefulness in that it enhances the credibility of the researcher by indicating that the data presented is based on a thorough knowledge of what has been done in the field and, possibly, grows out of some investigative tradition. Procedures Section. The second major section of the research report details, with as much data as possible, exactly how the study was carried out. This section includes description of any necessary equipment, how the subjects were selected if subjects were used, what statistical technique was used to evaluate the significance of the findings, how many observations were made and when, etc. An investigation of the relative effectiveness of various swim-strokes would have to detail the number of swimmers tested, the nature of the tests conducted, the experience of the swimmers, the weather conditions at the time of the test, and any other factors that contributed to the overall experiment. The goal of the procedures section is to allow the reader to duplicate the experiment if such were desired to confirm, or refute, your findings. Results Section. The third, and perhaps most important, section of the research report is the presentation of the results obtained from the investigation. The basic rule in this section is to give all data relevant to the research question initially asked. Although, of course, one's natural tendency might be to suppress any findings which do not in some way support one's hypothesis, such dishonesty is antithetical to good research reporting in any field. If the experiments undertaken fail to prove anything, if the data was inadequate or contrary to expectations, the report should be honestly written and as complete as possible, just as it would be if the hypothesis were totally proven by the research. Discussion Section. The final required section of a research report is a discussion of the results obtained and a statement of any conclusions which may be drawn from those results. Of primary interest in business and technical research reports is the validity of the results as the bases for company decisions: Will our planned construction project meet federal environmental guidelines and be approved for building? Will this new program attract skilled personnel to our company? Will this new oil recovery technique be financially feasible? Thus, the discussion section of the research report must evaluate the research results fully: were they validly obtained, are they complete or limited, are they applicable over a wide range of circumstances? The discussion section should also point out what question remain unanswered and perhaps suggest directions for further research. STYLE OF RESEARCH REPORTS Research reports are considered formal professional communication. As such, there is little emphasis on a lively style,although, of course, there is no objection to writing that is pleasing and interesting. The primary goals of professional communication are accuracy, clarity, and completeness. The rough draft of any research report should be edited to ensure that all data is correctly presented, that all equipment is listed, that all results are properly detailed. As an aid to the reader, headings indicating at least the major section of the report should be used, and all data should be presented under the proper headings. In addition to their function of suggesting to the reader the contents of each section, headings enhance the formal appearance and professional quality of the report, increase to some degree the writer's credibility by reflecting a logical and methodical approach to the reporting process, and eliminate the need for wordy transitional devices between sections. Research data should be presented in a way that places proper emphasis on major aspect of the project. For different readers different aspects will take on different degrees of importance, and some consideration should be given to structuring research reports differently for different audiences. Management, for example, will be most concerned with the results of a research project, and thus the results section should be emphasized, probably by presenting it immediately after the problem section and before the procedures section. Other researchers would be most interested in the procedures section, and this should be highlighted in writing up research projects for publication in professional journals or for presentation at professional conferences. For non-technical readers and federal agencies, the implications of the results might be the most important consideration, and emphasis should be placed on the discussion of the report for this readership. For additional clarity and emphasis, major results should be presented in a visual format —— tables, charts, graphs, diagrams —— as well as in a verbal one. Beyond checking the report for clarity and accuracy in the presentation of technical data, the author of a research report should review for basic grammatical and mechanical accuracy. Short sentences are preferable to long in the presentation of complex information. Listings should be used to break up long passages of prose and to emphasize information. The research writer should try to use the simplest possible language without sacrificing the professional quality of the report. Although specialized terms can be used, pretentious jargon should be avoided. A finished research report should be readable and useful document prepared with the reader in mind. CONCLUSION Although we struggle with research reports in high school, dread them in college, and are often burdened by them in our professional live, learning to live comfortably with them is a relatively easy task. A positive attitude （i.e. one that seem the oral or written presentation of research results as of equal importance to the data-gathering process）; an orderly approach which includes prewriting （i.e., before any actual research is done, the researcher should try to get down on paper as much about the subject under investigation as possible） and a formal research report structure as the framework for the investigation; and a reasonable approach to the actual writing process including editing for accuracy and clarity, will help one to produce effective research reports efficiently. NEW WORDS presentation n. the act of presenting; a talk, usu. to a group of people 提出，呈递；介绍，报告 client n. a person who gets help or advice from a professional, e.g. a lawyer, an accountant, an architect, etc.; a person who buys goods or services 委托⼈，当事⼈，顾客 obstacle n. sth. which prevents action, movement or success marketing n. the branch of business concerned with advertising, publicity, etc. 营销 economics n. the science that deals with money, goods and services and how they are related to each other 经济学 accounting n. the art, practice or system of keeping, analyzing and interpreting business accounts 会计学 anthropology n. the scientific study of man, including his physical characteristics, the origin and development of races, and the cultures, customs and beliefs of mankind ⼈类学 data n. facts; information element n. a basic part of which sth. is made up intend vt. have in mind as a goal; plan precise a. clearly expressed; exact; accurate significance n. importance; meaning economic a. connected with trade, industry and the management of money; of economics consumption n. the act of consuming or an amount consumed 消费（量） teenager n. a young person of between 13 and 19 year old relevance n. importance or significance to the matter at hand relevant9 " > 0 0 a . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 0 " > 0 0 s e g m e n t / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 1 " > 0 0 n . a p a r t i n t o w h i c h a w h o l ei s o r c a n b e d i v i d e d ; s e c t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 2 " > 0 0 r e g u l a t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 3 " > 0 0 n . a l a w o r a s e t o f r u l e s b y w h i c h s t h . i s r e g u l a t e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 4 " > 0 0 i n v e s t i g a t e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 5 " > 0 0 v . e x a m i n e c a r e f u l l y i n a s e a r c h f o r f a c t s , k n o w l e d g e , o r i n f o r m a t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 6 " > 0 0 i n v e s t i g a t i v e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 7 " > 0 0 a . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 8 " > 0 0 s u m m a r y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 2 9 " > 0 0 n . a s h o r t s t a t e m e n t o f t h e m a i n p o i n t s o f a r e p o r t , e t c . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 0 " > 0 0 c o n s i d e r a t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 1 " > 0 0 n . c a r e f u l t h o u g h t / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 2 " > 0 0 a s s e s s m e n t / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 3 " > 0 0 n . t h e a c t o f c a l c u l a t i n g o r d e c i d i n g t h e v a l u e o r a m o u n t ; t h e v a l u e o r a m o u n t a t w h i c h s t h . i s c a l c u l a t e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 3 4 " > 0 0 r h e t o r i c a l / p >。
(完整版)(完整版)现代大学英语精读6(第二版)教师用书Unit1
Unit 1Paper TigersWesley YangAdditional Background Information(About Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother)What follows is a comment on Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Elizabeth Chang, an editor of The Washington Post's Sunday Magazine, which carried the article on January 8th, 2011.The cover of Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother was catnip to this average parent's soul. Although the memoir seems to have been written to prove that Chinese parents are better at raising children than Western ones, the cover text claims that instead it portrays "a bitter clash of cultures, a fleeting taste of glory" and how the Tiger Mother “was humbled by a 13-year-old.”As a hopelessly Western mother married into a Chinese family living in an area that generates immigrant prodigies as reliably as clouds produce rain, I was eager to observe the comeuppance of a parent who thought she had all the answers.And, in many ways, "Tiger Mother" did not disappoint. At night, I would nudge my husband awake to read him some of its more revealing passages, such as when author Amy Chua threatened to burn her older daughter's stuffed animals if the child didn't improve her piano playing. "What Chinese parents understand," Chua writes, "is that nothing is fun until you're good at it." By day, I would tell my own two daughters about how Chua threw unimpressive birthday cards back at her young girls and ordered them to make better ones. For a mother whose half-Chinese children played outside while the kids of stricter immigrant neighbors could be heard laboring over the violin and piano, the book can be wickedly gratifying. Reading it is like secretly peering into the home of a controlling, obsessive yet compulsively honest mother—one who sometimes makes the rest of us look good, if less remarkable and with less impressive offspring. Does becoming super-accomplished make up for years of stress? That's something my daughters and I will never find out.Chua is a law professor and author of two acclaimed books on international affairs, though readers of "Tiger Mother" get only a glimpse of that part of her life, with airy, tossed off-lines such as "Meanwhile, I was still teaching my courses at Yale and finishing up my second book" while also "traveling continuously, giving lectures about democratization and ethnic conflict." Her third book abandons global concerns to focus intimately on Chua's attempt to raise her two daughters the way her immigrant parents raised her. There would be no play dates and no sleepovers: "I don't really have time for anything fun, because I'm Chinese," one of Chua's daughters told a friend. Instead, there would be a total commitment to academics and expertise at something, preferably an instrument. Though Chua's Jewish husband grew up with parents who encouraged him to imagine—and to express himself, he nonetheless agreed to let her take the lead in rearing the children and mostly serves as the Greek chorus to Chua's crazed actions.In Chinese parenting theory, hard work produces accomplishment, which produces confidence and yet more accomplishment. As Chua note s, this style of parenting is found among other immigrant cultures, too, and I'm sure many Washington-area readers have seen it, if they don't employ it themselves. Chua's older daughter, Sophia, a pianist, went along with, and blossomed, under this approach. The younger daughter, Lulu, whose instrument of Chua's choice was a violin, was a different story. The turning point came when, after years of practicing and performing, Lulu expressed her hatred of the violin, her mother and of being Chinese. Chua imagined a Western parent’s take on Lulu's rebellion: "Why torture yourself and your child? What's the point? (I)knew as a Chinese mother I could never give in to that way of thinking." But she nevertheless allowed Lulu to abandon the violin. Given that the worst Lulu ever did was cut her own hair and throw a glass, my reaction was that Chua got off easy in a society where some pressured children cut themselves, become anorexic, refuse to go to school or worse. No one but an obsessive Chinese mother would consider her healthy, engaging and accomplished daughter deficient because the girl prefers tennis to the violin—but that's exactly the point.And, oh, what Chua put herself and her daughters through before she got to her moment of reckoning. On weekends, they would spend hours getting to and from music lessons and then come home and practice for hours longer. At night, Chua would read up on violin technique and fret about the children in China who were practicing 10 hours a day. (Did this woman ever sleep?) She insisted that her daughters maintain top grades—Bs, she notes, inspire a "screaming, hair-tearing explosion" among Chinese parents and the application of countless practice tests. She once refused to let a child leave the piano bench to use the bathroom. She slapped one daughter who was practicing poorly. She threatened her children not just with stuffed-animal destruction, but with exposure to the elements. She made them practice on trips to dozens of destinations, including London, Rome, Bombay and the Greek island of Crete, where she kept Lulu going so long one day that the family missed seeing the palace at Knossos.Sometimes, you're not quite sure whether Chua is being serious or deadpan. For example, she says she tried to apply Chinese parenting to the family's two dogs before accepting that the only thing they were good at was expressing affection. "Although it is true that some dogs are on bomb squads or drug-sniffing teams," she concluded, "it is perfectly fine for most dogs not to have a profession, or even any special skills." On the one hand, she seems aware of her shortcomings: She is, she notes, "not good at enjoying life," and she acknowledges that the Chinese parenting approach is flawed because it doesn't tolerate the possibility of failure. On the other hand, she sniffs that "there are all kinds of psychological disorders in the West that don't exist in Asia." When not contemptuous, some of her wry observations about Western-style child-rearing are spot-on: "Private schools are constantly trying to make learning fun by having parents do all the work," and sleepovers are "a kind of punishment parents unknowingly inflict on their children through permissiveness."Readers will alternately gasp at and empathize with Chua's struggles and aspirations, all the while enjoying her writing, which, like her kid-rearing philosophy, is brisk, lively and no-holds-barred. This memoir raises intriguing, sometimes uncomfortable questions about love, pride, ambition, achievement and self-worth that will resonate among success-obsessed parents. Is it possible, for example, that Chinese parents have more confidence in their children's abilities, or that they aresimply willing to work harder at raising exceptional children than Westerners are? Unfortunately, the author leaves many questions unanswered as her book limps its way to a conclusion, with Chua acknowledging her uncertainty about how to finish it and the family still debating the pros and cons of her approach (anyone hoping for a total renunciation of the Chinese approach will be disappointed).Ending a parenting story when one child is only 15 seems premature; in fact, it might not be possible to really understand the impact of Chua's efforts until her daughters have offspring of their own. Perhaps a sequel, or a series ("Tiger Grandmother"!) is in the works. But while this battle might not have been convincingly concluded, it's engagingly and provocatively chronicled. Readers of all stripes will respond to "Tiger Mother."Structure of the TextPart I (Paras. 1-2)The author, an Asian living in the United States, introduces himself as a ‘banana’.Part II (Paras. 3-5)The author describes how he believes Asians are generally viewed in the United States and how he views Asian values himself. It is clear that his overall attitude toward his cultural roots is negative. Part III (Paras. 6-8)The author agrees that Asians (especially Chinese) are over-represented in American elite schools and that, percentage-wise, more Chinese earn median family incomes than any other ethnic group in the United States. However, he does not accept the idea that the Chinese are “taking over” top American schools. He particularly ridicules the idea that the United States has to worry about a more general Chinese “takeover”, as Amy Chua’s book seems to suggest.Part IV (Paras. 9-14)In these paragraphs, the author tells the story of a Chinese American whose experience as a graduate of one of the most competitive high schools in the U.S. proves that while Asian overrepresentation in elite schools is a fact, the success of Asian students is not an indication of their higher intelligence but rather of their constant practice of test-taking. The fear that U.S. schools might become “too Asian” (too test-oriented) in response, narrowing students’ educational experience, has aroused general concern.Part V (Paras. 15-22)The author points out that the ethnic imbalance in elite schools is not only resented by white students and educators, but that even Asian students are beginning to raise serious doubts. They are tired of the crushing workload and believe there must be a better way. They envy their white fellow students who finally get to the top - strong, healthy, with a high level of academic achievement, and with time even for a girlfriend or boyfriend. They cannot help but still feel alienated in this society.Part VI (Paras. 23-28)In these Paragraphs, the author tells the story of another Chinese student who describes the subtle influence of his Chinese upbringing, which makes it difficult for him to be culturally assimilated.Part VII (Paras. 29-36)In these Paragraphs, the author discusses the problem of the “bamboo ceiling”—the fact that in spite of high academic achievement, virtually no Asians are found in the upper reaches of leadership. The author believes that this is because Asian upbringing fails to provide children with the requisite skills for leadership.Part VIII (Paras. 37-43)Between Para. 36 and Para. 37 in the original essay, there are many more case studies reflecting vividly the negative effects of Asian culture. But in order to limit the essay to a manageable length, we (the compilers) were unable to include them. Therefore, in this section, the essay comes to a somewhat abrupt conclusion.Interestingly enough, the author feels that the Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother is well worth reading although he does not agree with Amy Chua, because, in his opinion, the book provides all the material needed to refute what ‘the Tiger Mother’ stands for. More importantly, the author thinks that Amy Chua should be praised for her courage to speak out and defy American mainstream views.Detailed Study of the Text1. Millions of Americans must feel estranged from their own faces. But every self-estrangedindividual is estranged in his own way. (Para. 1)Millions of Americans must feel alienated (separated) from the essence of themselves by their own faces.The author is referring here to ethnic minority people in the United States, especially Asians.Note that “face” here does not refer to skin color or facial features alone, but also to cultural di fferences. His point is that these attributes force him into the category of “immigrant”, though he doesn’t feel like one.2. You could say that I am a banana. But while I don't believe our roots necessarily defineus, I do believe there are racially inflected assumptions wired into our neural circuitry. (Para. 2)A banana is white inside and yellow outside. The term is often used ironically to refer to anAsian American who is like all other non-Asian Americans people except for the color of his skin.The author admits that people can call him a banana, but he does not like it, because he does not believe his Asian roots determine who he is. However, he has to admit that there are racially inflected assumptions wired into many Asian Ame ricans’ neural circuitry.racially inflected assumptions: racially based prejudices, beliefs and ideaswired into our neural circuitry: deeply planted in our brains (in our minds)3. Here is what I sometimes suspect my face signifies to other Americans: An invisibleperson, barely distinguishable from a mass of faces that resemble it. A conspicuous person standing apart from the crowd and yet devoid of any individuality. An icon of so much that the culture pretends to honor but that it in fact patronizes and exploits. Not just people “who are good at math” and play the violin, but a mass of stifled, repressed, abused, conformist quasi-robots who simply do not matter, socially or culturally. (Para. 3) This is how I sometimes guess other Americans look at us. (This is what I sometimesthink my face means to other Americans.)An invisible person: a person much the same as others of the same group; a person who is hardly distinguishable; a person nobody will pay special attention todevoid of any individuality: without any individualityAsian culture is said to stress uniformity or conformity. The individual is encouraged to merge with the collective. Self-promotion or assertiveness is considered in bad taste whereas invisibility is regarded as a sign of modesty.icon：n. 偶像The successful Asian student has become a symbol to be worshipped.to patronize and exploit: to treat somebody in an offensively condescending manner and make use of him or herThe author says that American culture pretends to honor the ‘Tiger Child’ (the successful Asian) as an icon (a symbol of success and everything it represents), but actually it treats Asians in a condescending way and makes use of them.a mass of stifled, repressed, abused, conformist quasi-robots: a large number of peoplewho are not allowed to act or express themselves freely, treated in a harsh and harmful way, and made to behave similarly, like robots.do not matter socially or culturally: do not have much social or cultural importance.4. I've always been of two minds about this sequence of stereotypes. (Para. 4)of two minds: (BrE: in two minds) not decided or certain about something.this sequence of stereotypes: this series of stereotypes. On the one hand the author is angry that Asians should be viewed this way, and he thinks it racist, but on the other hand, he has to admit that these views do apply to many Asians.It is ironic to note that the author himself seems to be especially influenced by these racist prejudices. One may also wonder whether the stereotyped views some people have when they first encounter people of other races necessarily have devastating effects. For example, Chinese thought of Westerners as a mass of blue-eyed, yellow-haired, big-nosed, hairy chested aliens at one time. Fear of the unknown or unfamiliar is a common human reaction.5. Let me summarize my feelings toward Asian values: Damn filial piety. Damn gradegrubbing. Damn Ivy League mania. Damn deference to authority. Damn humility and hard work. Damn harmonious relations. Damn sacrificing for the future. Damn earnest, striving middle-class servility. (Para. 5)Now the author is talking about much more serious things. He is talking about his feelings toward Asian values rather than features or skin color, and his attitude is one of total rejection and condemnation. While we must realize that all cultures or civilizations have drawbacks, and we have every reason to listen to the bitter reactions of angry young Asians toward our shared culture, we should also remind ourselves that y oung people’s judgments may be hasty, imbalanced, and immature.Damn: Note that this word is generally considered extremely offensive and obscene in all its usages, and is therefore avoided, but here the author is so bitter that no other expression seems adequate. Indeed, he may have deliberately chosen this word to shock the Asian community, especially Asian parents.filial piety: love for, respect for, and obedience to one’s parentsgrade grubbing: striving for high academic scoresivy league mania: craze, obsession regarding entry to ivy league universitiesdeference to authority: respect for and submission to authorityhumility and hard work: modesty, humbleness; diligenceearnest striving middle-class servility: Middle-class people usually “hope t o rise and fear to fall” (Bunyan) and therefore work slavishly and behave submissively.One may wonder whether what the author describes here is racially determined or mainly a reflection of social and economic conditions. Many of the values listed above are similar to those of the American Puritans when obedience, respect for the old, diligence, thrift, simple living, family loyalty, discipline, and sacrifice were considered essential virtues.6. I understand the reasons Asian parents have raised a generation of children thisway. …This is a stage in a triumphal narrative, and it is a narrative that is much shorter than many remember. (Para. 6)The author says that he understands why Asian parents have raised their children this way. It is natural for most Asian parents to try to improve their children’s lives through education.a stage in a triumphal narrative: A stage (the beginning stage) of a success story. Andmany Asians have achieved success in a much shorter time than people realize.7. Asian American success is typically taken to ratify the American Dream and to provethat minorities can make it in this country without handouts. (Para. 7)to be taken to: to be considered toto make it: to succeed8.Still, an undercurrent of racial panic always accompanies the consideration of Asians,and all the more so as China becomes the destination for our industrial base and the banker controlling our burgeoning debt. （Para. 7）But there always exists a feeling of racial panic, though it may not be obvious, whenever people think of Asians. This undercurrent is now becoming stronger as more American industrial companies move their manufacturing base to China, and China has become the banker controlling our growing national debt.9. But if the armies of Chinese factory workers who make our fast fashion and iPadsterrify us, and if the collective mass of high-achieving Asian American students arouse an anxiety about the laxity of American parenting, what of the Asian American who obeyed everything his parents told him? Does this person really scare anyone? (Para. 7)The author is pointing out the contradiction here: If…, then what about…? It is clear that he doubts if there is any reason for Americans to be afraid of the Asian American who obeys everything his parents tell him. Children brought up in this submissive culture cannot pose any threat.fast fashion: This is a contemporary term used to refer to products designed and brought to market quickly in order to capture ever-changing fashion trends.10.Earlier this year, the publication of Amy Chua's Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother inciteda collective airing out of many varieties of race-based hysteria. But absent from themillions of words written in response to the book was any serious consideration ofwhether Asian Americans were in fact taking over this country. (Para. 8)to incite a collective airing out of many varieties of race-based hysteria: To provoke many people into stating openly various kinds of strong racist opinionsb ut absent from the millions of words…was any serious consideration…: But there wasno serious consideration in all these millions of words…11.I mean, I'm proud of my parents and my neighborhood and what I perceive to be myartistic potential or whatever, but sometimes I feel like I'm jumping the gun a generation or two too early. (Para. 9)The second sentence of this sentence means that I feel like I am changing into a new person a generation or two too early.This shows that the changes he has to make in response to a new cultural environment have come in conflict with his old cultural legacy, and he feels lost.12. I ride the 7 train to its last stop in Flushing, where the storefront signs are all written inChinese and the sidewalks are a slow-moving river of impassive faces. (Para. 10)the storefront signs: 店面招牌Note that Flushing (法拉盛) now has the largest Chinese community in New York city, larger than Chinatown.impassive faces: faces showing no emotionNote that etymologically, the word impassive is related to “passion” rather than “passive”.13. There are no set-asides for the underprivileged or, conversely, for alumni or otherprivileged groups. There is no formula to encourage “diversity” or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character.” Here we have something like pure meritocracy. (Para. 12)set-asides: slots set aside for people in special categories 招生的保留名额for the underprivileged: 专为弱势群体（保留的名额）F or alumni or other privileged groups: 为校友及其他享有特权的团体（保留的名额）T here is no formula to encourage “diversity” or any nebulous concept of “well-roundedness” or “character.”：There are no special provisions to encourage diversity” (referring mainly to ethnic diversity, guaranteed by what was known as ‘affirmative action’) or any vague idea of “well-roundedness” (referring to set-asides for students with special athletic or other talents) or “character” (referr ing to set-asides for students of especially fine character, demonstrated, or example by community service.)Note that, according to the author, this school is different. It operates on the basis of something like pure meritocracy.meritocracy: a system in which advancement is determined only by ability and achievement.Here it refers particularly to a system of education in which admission to an educational institution, evaluation and promotion are all determined by ability and achievement (merit).14. This year, 569 Asian Americans scored high enough to earn a slot at Stuyvesant,a long with 179 whites, 13 Hispanics, and 12 blacks. Such dramatic overrepresentation,and what it may be read to imply about the intelligence of different groups of NewYorkers, has a way of making people uneasy. (Para. 13)to earn a slot: to get admitted into the school; to be allowed to enter the schoolslot: available position; opening; placedramatic over-representation: a disproportionately large percentage of those admitted15.But intrinsic intelligence, of course, is precisely what Asians don't believe in. (Para. 13)But Asians, of course, believe only in hard work. They don’t believe in natural intelligence.16.“Learning math is not about learning math,” an instructor at one called Ivy Prep wasquoted in The New York Times as saying. “It's about weightlifting. You are pumping the iron of math.” Mao puts it more specifically: “You learn quite simply to nail any standardized test you take.” (Para. 13)an instructor at one called Ivy Prep: a teacher at a school called Ivy Prep, meaning a school for preparing students to get into Ivy League universities.pumping the iron of math: lifting the iron of math, rather than an iron weight.Note that the author is playing on the slang expression “pumping iron”: to lift weights.to nail: to fix, secure, or make sure of, especially by quick action or concentrated effort.17. And so there is an additional concern accompanying the rise of the Tiger Children, onefocused more on the narrowness of the educational experience a non-Asian child might receive in the company of fanatically pre-professional Asian students. (Para. 14)an additional concern accompanying the rise of the Tiger Children: an additional worry related to the rise of high-achieving Asian American children.the narrowness of the educational experience: Non-Asian American parents are worried that their children’s education experience will be very narrow because they are surrounded by Asian students who are all obsessively pre-professional.pre-professional: Preparatory to the practice of a profession or a specialized field of study related to it.18. A couple of years ago, she revisited this issue in her senior thesis at Harvard, where sheinterviewed graduates of elite public schools and found that the white students regarded the Asian students with wariness. In 2005, The Wall Street Journal reported on “white flight” from a high school in Cupertino, California, that began soon after the childre n of Asian software engineers had made the place so brutally competitive that a B average could place you in the bottom third of the class. (Para. 14)to revisit the issue：to look at the issue again“w hite flight”: the fleeing (running away) of white studentsa B average could place you in the bottom third of the class: If your grade were no morethan B on average, then you would be quite likely to find yourself in the lowest third of the class.19.You could frame it as a simple issue of equality and press for race-blind quantitativeadmissions standards. In 2006, a decade after California passed a voter initiative outlawing any racial engineering at the public universities, Asians composed 46 percent of UC Berkeley's entering class; one could imagine a similar demographic reshuffling in the Ivy League, where Asian Americans currently make up about 17 percent of undergraduates. (Para. 16)to frame: to express in wordsto press for: to make a strong demand forrace-blind: treating different races equallyCompare: color-blindrace-blind quantitative admissions standards:没有种族歧视的招生名额原则racial engineering:designing a student body to reflect a pre-determined racial mix (the opposite of race-blind quantitative admissions standards)C ompare: social engineering; genetic engineeringto compose 46 percent: to make up/to represent 46 percentUC Berkeley's entering class：加州大学伯克利分校的新生班demographic reshuffling：changing the representation of component groups making up a larger group of people: in this case, changing the ethnic mix within the population of Ivy League undergraduates20.But the Ivies, as we all know, have their own private institutional interests a t stake intheir admissions choices, including some that are arguably defensible. Who can seriously claim that a Harvard University that was 72 percent Asian would deliver the same grooming for elite status its students had gone there to receive? (Para. 16)to hav e their… interests at stake: to have their… interests in danger/at risk/in jeopardy arguably defensible：It can be argued that some of those private interests are defensible.to deliver the same grooming: to give the same preparation for future elite employment and social position. grooming:梳理打扮21. He had always felt himself a part of a mob of “nameless, faceless Asian kids,” who were“like a part of the décor of the place.” (Para. 17)the décor of a place: the way the place is decorated22.“It's l ike, we're being pitted against each other while there are kids out there in theMidwest who can do way less work and be in a garage band or something—” (Para. 18) to pit us against each other: to force us to compete with each otherout there: used to say in a general way that someone or something existsway less: a lot less.Note that the word ‘way’ is an adverb here.or something: used to suggest another choice, etc., that is not specified.23.“The general gist of most high school movies is that the pretty cheerleader gets with thebig dumb jock, and the nerd is left to bide his time in loneliness. But at some point in the future,” he says, “the nerd is going to rule the world, and the dumb jock is going to work in a carwash”. (Para. 19)gist: the general or basic meaning of something said or written。
大学英语精读1U6Same Adams概要
Words and expressions
1.happen to: chance; take place
S:你是怎么成为导游的？
T:How did you happen to be a tourist guide?
A. provide background music B. beautify the dull setting C. have a 15-minute break
A. Those who do not work hard should be fired. B. assembly line redesigned C. pay increase D. promotion
Unit 6 Sam Adams, Industrial Engineer
Contents
Objectives
Warming
up activities Text study words and expressions Summary Exercise Writing
Objectives
Warming-up activities
try
to answer the questions:
1.Do you think it a good habit for a person to arrange everything in order in his daily life? Why or why not? 2.Who does best in your family to keep your house clean and tidy? Say something in detail about it. 3.Do you think the habit of keeping everything in order will benefit one’s future work? Why or why not?
大学英语精读第六册答案
第一单元vocabulary work11.ratio2.franklye to his way4.polishing5.gracious6.cheered up7.index8.knows his way round9.germ 10.is preoccupied 11.sink in 12.outlet 13.anyhow panions 15.broaden 16.chaos21.senior2.insame3.at present4.assimilate5.perspectives6.has set his sight for7.soar8.actual9.get over 10.chaos 11.cheer her up 12.made the best of it 13.a coward e to my way31.what with the rain and with the bad hotel,we didn't enjoy our holidays very much.2.that is a great loss to her ,but i don't think it has sunk in to her.3.the duke lost the battle ;to top it off,nearly all his followers ,including those who were thought to be most loyal,left him.4.we may be behind now,but no doubt we will win in the end.5.as for us ,we hace no objection to the convening of the conference ,but we suggest it be put off ot a later date.41.being picked on2.had picked up3.picked at4.pick at5.pick out6.pick up7.pick out8.be picked up9.pick out 10.put away 11.was put forward 12.put up 13.be put down 14.has put out 15.put out 16.put up wotth 17.put up 18.put aside 19.puts up 20.put on 21.put across 22.put down 23.put out 24.put up 25.were put apart-Cloze1.of2.who3.honor4.on5.had6.people7.school8.right9.wonder 10.about 11.out 12.see 13.right 14.give 15.but 16.couble 17.love 18.not 19.question 20.and 21. where 22.through 23.from 24.I 25.second 26.one 27.time 28.for 29.specialize 30.prepare 31.going-Error correction1.resulting--bearing2.on--in3.than--/4.but--than5.which--by which6.although--while7.situation--realms8.have--having9.old--older 10.with --ofTranslationThat year, kate's life is awful. She was stuck in a meaningless job with no friends around her. To top it off, word came that the ship on which John had been working met a storm and foundered. For a while, she cheered up when she heard that there were some survivors on the beach. But soon it was proved that John had died. At this news, she was appalled, and would not get over the fact that such a thing would come John's way. In spite of everything, she still tried to take an a ctive attitude toward life even though she had to face these adversities. it's no wonder that she achieved success in her later life.Reading practice1.d2.c3.b4.a5.c6.b7.b8.d3第二单元vocabulary work11.assurance2.exquisite3.pondered4.dedicated5.if any6.to date7.quest8.likelihood9.assigned 10.quantity 11.premature 12.candidates 13.peer 14.mission 15.Adolescent 16.in a position21.pondered2.assurance3.is crying out for4.quest5.to date6.not in a positon to7.an extraordinary8.dedicated9.remote tely 11.detected 12.appropriate 13.probability 14.so as to31.What do you think of the likelhood that he will agree to your terms?2.His appearance has changed so much that you minght well not recongnize him.3.Because of the premature birth,their twins had to stay in the hospital for a month before they could go home.4.When completely built,the extensive palace and its grounds are larger than the city itself.5.I always keep fruit in the fridge so as to prevent the insects from getting at it.41.carried off2.carried ..back3.be carried out4.carried on5.carried on6.carried away7.was carried off8.carrying ...through9.have been carried down 10.carried ..through 11.carry forward 12.work out 13.work ..in 14.worked up 15.'ve been working away 16.worked out 17.works at 18.is working up 19.are...working on 20.had worked out 21.work off 22.worked inCloze1.in2.discoveries3.already4.like5.because6.ignore7.not8.for9.message 10.which 11.instead 12.both 13.such 14.maturity 15.from 16.likely 17.other 18.that 19.but 20.likelihood 21.solutions 22.growth 23.possible 24.depends.Error corrention1.from--between2.implication--implies3.nearest--the nearest4.more--less5.Upon--At6.they--whether they7.it--them8.alike--similar9.create--creating 10.from--/Translation1.His optimistic attitude toward life often infects his team fellows and creates a positive atmosphere in the team.2.The company is crying out for a large sum of money in equipment renovations and is not in a position to expand at present.3.His wife told him about their difficult condition and wanted him to ponder how many choices were left for them.(or...ponder on the probabilities left for them).4.T he food, music and decorations that she has picked out for the reception imply her noble taste.5.In the future, you may well have just fen chances of travelling abroad, if any, so thought youshould strive for this chance.Reading practice1.c2.c3.b4.d5.a6.d7.a8.d1.仅在我们这个星系，在我们周围就有一千亿颗像太阳这样的恒星。
现代大学英语精读1unit6课文翻译
Unit 6 Text AThe Green Banana1.Although it might have happened anywhere, my encounter with the green banana started on a steep mountain road in the central area of Brazil. My ancient jeep was straining up through beautiful countryside when the radiator began to leak, and I was ten miles from the nearest mechanic. The over-heated engine forced me to stop at the next village, which consisted of a small store and a few houses that we are scattered here and there. People came over to look. They could see three fine streams of hot water spouting from holes in the jacket of the radiator. "That's easy to fix,? a man said. He sent a boy running for some green bananas. He patted me on the shoulder, assuring me that everything would work out. "Green bananas," he smiled. Everyone agreed.尽管这种事情在任何地方都可能发生，但我与青香蕉的邂逅却源自于巴西腹地一条险峻的山路上。
现代大学英语精读6 Lesson 1 How to Get the Poor off Our Conscience
Important books (out of c. 60)
• American capitalism: The Concept of Countervailing Power (1952) • The Great crash (1954) • The Affluent society (1958) • The New industrial state (1967) • The affluent society (1969) • Money: Whence it came, where it went (1975) • Economics and the public purpose (1973) • The Nature of Mass Poverty (1979) • The Anatomy of Power (1983) • Economics in Perspective: A Critical History (1987) • A Short History of Financial Euphoria (1994) • Numerous books about his Memoirs (eg Annals of an Abiding Liberal)
The role of the state
• The emergence of «countervailing power »to the previous domination of big business (trade unions, government) (American capitalism, 1952)
• Thorstein Bunde Veblen, (July 30, 1857 – August 3, 1929) his analysis of consumption, of the «leisure class », the «business entreprise » and absentee ownership, his criticism of «neoclassical »economics
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Theme-related Project
Make a 10-page ppt against drug abuse and illicit trafficking to educate the people in your community. You can include : statistics about the current situation; causes, the harm of drug abuse, measures to be taken, etc..
What does she mean?
We come from the earth, we return to the earth, and in between we garden. The hard task is loving the earth, all of it. Thinking globally without acting locally can spin me into despair.
Street Trees
Arbor Daay of Trees) April 10 (the US, Canada, Australia...) In many countries it has long been the tradition to hold an annual tree or forest festival. The origin of such celebrations dates back to antiquity and is in the dawn of religious feeling and awe for what trees represented. However, Arbor Day, as it is commonly known today, is of American origin and evolved from conditions peculiar to the Great Plains. It was first observed in Nebraska in 1872. The idea, conceived by J.S. Morton, then a member of the Nebraska State Board of Agriculture, was one of forest conservation. It was a move to promote replanting, following deforestation, and to plant up treeless areas. The idea has spread widely to other lands where it is variously celebrated as the 'Festival of Trees', 'Greening Week' of Japan, 'The New Year's Days of Trees' in Israel, 'The Tree-loving Week' of Korea, 'The Reforestation Week' of Yugoslavia, 'The Students' Afforestation Day' of Iceland and 'The National Festival of Tree Planting' in India. Arbor Day in its various forms is now recognized in more than fifty countries.
Pre-reading Prediction
Why does the author plant trees in the community? What’s the effect?
Introduction
The neighborhood where Chavis lives used to be a good place. People there lived and worked in peace, if not in perfect contentment. But to Chavis dismay, after the place was flooded in drugs and cheap liquor, it became crime-ridden. For example, in the past 5 years, 16 people have been murdered in her neighborhood. Another problem Chavis has in mind is that many people there seem to care little about the protection of the environment. A case in point is the sideways are littered with cans, candy wrappers, brown bags and what not. To help save her neighborhood from deteriorating, Chavis has done all she can think of: planting trees , recycling what she can……obviously, it’s unlikely that her efforts alone will be rewarded with great success. However, when more and more people came under her influence, and choose to contribute their bit towards the solution of these problems, things will definitely look up.
Do you think vegetation can reduce crime in the inner city?
Environment and crime in the inner city: Does vegetation reduce crime? This study used police crime reports to examine the relationship between vegetation and crime in an inner-city neighborhood. Crime rates for 98 apartment buildings with varying levels of nearby vegetation were compared. Results indicate that although residents were randomly assigned to different levels of nearby vegetation, the greener a building's surroundings were, the fewer crimes reported.
Authors F.E. Kuo, W.C. Sullivan Date Published 2001 Journal/Conference Environment and Behavior
Melody Ermachild Chavis
a member of the Berkeley Zen Center former board member of the Buddhist Peace Fellowship a founding member of BPF's prison project As a private investigator for 20 years, she works to defend people charged with capital crimes or who have been sentenced to death. She is a youth justice advocate who volunteers with a community gardening program for youth at risk. Her memoir, Altars in the Street: A Courageous Memoir of Community and Spiritual Awakening, chronicled her efforts to reclaim her own battle-scarred, crackinfested neighborhood. She devotes her time to the movement to abolish the death penalty.
Skimming and scanning
What was the shout for? What is the neighborhood like? What did he do with the tree? Why are the trees and the people at the risk of dying young? What did she do to turn things around? Why is the garden paradise for her? Who is Mrs. Wright? Compare the map of the neighborhood 15 years ago and now. Did she get away? How did she feel then？ What did she decide to do ?