中南财经政法大学考博英语样题
中南财经政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
中南财经政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析Text1What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America--breakthroughs such as the telegraph,the steamboat and the weaving machine?Among the many shaping factors,I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools;a labor force that welcomed the new technology;the practice of giving premiums to inventors;and above all the American genius for nonverbal,“spatial”thinking about things technological.Why mention the elementary schools?Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics,especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states,were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry.Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi inventiveness to this educational advantage.As a member of a British commission visiting here in1853reported,“With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline,the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman.”A further stimulus to invention came from the“premium”system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it.This approach,originated abroad,offered inventors medals,cash prizes and other incentives.In the United States,multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities. Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance.Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation,the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology.As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out,“A technologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions;they are dealt with in his mind by a visual,nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor...are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist.”This nonverbal“spatial”thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing.Robert Fulton once wrote,“The mechanic should sit down among levers,screws,wedges,wheels,etc.,like a poet among the letters of the alphabet,considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts,in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea.”When all these shaping forces--schools,open attitudes,the premium system,a genius for spatial thinking--interacted with one another on the rich U.S.mainland,they produced that American characteristic,emulation.Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving forfame and excellence.1.According to the author,the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in a large part due to________.[A]elementary schools[B]enthusiastic workers[C]the attractive premium system(D)[D]a special way of thinking2.It is implied that adaptiveness and inventiveness of the early American mechanics________.[A]benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledge[B]shed light on disciplined school management[C]was brought about by privileged home training(A)[D]owed a lot to the technological development3.A technologist can be compared to an artist because________.[A]they are both winners of awards[B]they are both experts in spatial thinking[C]they both abandon verbal description(B)[D]they both use various instruments4.The best title for this passage might be________.[A]Inventive Mind[B]Effective Schooling[B]Ways of Thinking(A)[D]Outpouring of InventionsText2Rumor has it that more than20books on creationism/evolution are in the publisher’s pipelines.A few have already appeared.The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.Cosmology,geology, and biology have provided a consistent,unified,and constantly improving account of what happened.“Scientific”creationism, which is being pushed by some for“equal time”in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given,is based on religion,not science.Virtually all scientists and the majority of nonfundamentalist religious leaders have come to regard “scientific”creationism as bad science and bad religion.The first four chapters of Kitcher’s book give a very brief introduction to evolution.At appropriate places,he introduces the criticisms of the creationists and provides answers.In the last three chapters,he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating.He describes their programmes and tactics,and,for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists,the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.When their basic motivation is religious,one might have expected more Christian behavior.Kitcher is a philosopher,and this may account,in part,for the clarity and effectiveness of his arguments.The non-specialist will be able to obtain at least a notion of the sorts of data and argumentthat support evolutionary theory.The final chapter on the creationists will be extremely clear to all.On the dust jacket of this fine book,Stephen Jay Gould says:“This book stands for reason itself.”And so it does--and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.5.“Creationism”in the passage refers to________.[A]evolution in its true sense as to the origin of the universe[B]a notion of the creation of religion[C]the scientific explanation of the earth formation(D)[D]the deceptive theory about the origin of the universe6.Kitcher’s book is intended to________.[A]recommend the views of the evolutionists[B]expose the true features of creationists[C]curse bitterly at this opponents(B)[D]launch a surprise attack on creationists7.From the passage we can infer that________.[A]reasoning has played a decisive role in the debate[B]creationists do not base their argument on reasoning[C]evolutionary theory is too difficult for non-specialists(B)[D]creationism is supported by scientific findings8.This passage appears to be a digest of________.[A]a book review[B]a scientific paper[C]a magazine feature(A)[D]a newspaper editorial本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：45
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States, and the only one specifically created by the Constitution. A decision of the Supreme Court cannot be appealed to any other court. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in only two kinds of cases: those involving foreign dignitaries and those in which a state is a party. All other cases reach the Court on appeal from lower courts. A significant amount of the work of the Supreme Court consists of determining whether legislation or executive acts conform to the Constitution. This power of judicial review is doctrine inferred by the Court from its reading of the Constitution, and forcefully stated in the landmark Marbury vs. Madison case of 1803. The doctrine has also been extended to cover the activities of state and local governments.【答案】参考译文：最高法院是美国的最高法院，也是唯一一个由宪法专门设立的法院。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：15
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In the midst of so many evasive comments, this forthright statement, whatever its intrinsic merit, plainly stands out as （）.问题1选项A.an anomalyB.a profundityC.a paradigmD.a misnomer【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意：在这些闪烁其词的评论当中，这个直率的言论，不管它本身的价值如何，都非常明确的表现为一个反常的评论。
anomaly 异常，反常事物；profundity深刻，深度；paradigm 范例；misnomer用词不当，误称。
句中提到的this forthright statement是众多言论中的一个，单独针对这个直率的言论，且不作任何评价，但也说明这个有与众不同的地方。
故答案为A。
2.写作题Write an essay of about 250 to 300 words on the topic “Love and Being Loved" according to the instructions given below.爱和被爱是人际社会关系最重要的一对因子。
爱是付出，它是奉献；被爱是接受，它是幸福；但它们又是相互置换。
请你围绕这一命题，结合事例谈谈你对它们的认识和看法。
【答案】略3.单选题Although the members of Congress wanted to go home, no hope for an early（）could be entertained.问题1选项A.postponementB.adjournmentC.adjustmentpromise【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：55
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.填空题Directions: Blow is passage from a guide giving advice to foreign nationals living in Britain. Read the passage then fill in each gap with ONE word from the box below the passage. Write your answers in the spaces on ANSWEER SHEET. The first one has been done as an example. Losing your passportIf something has happened to your passport, inform your embassy at once and ask them to tell you all the documents that you will need to produce to be (Example) with a new one. This is most important because some embassies require extensive documentary proof of nationality, as well as proof of identity, such as driving license, or credit cards. So take care that you are not wasting time and money when you can least 66 either. If your passport has been lost or stolen, your embassy will want you to report the incident to the police as soon as possible. When you do so, ask for the police reference number of your case as many of the embassies find this useful in following up your 67__.Similarly, take your passport number with you to the embassy, as this will accelerate your case. The size and number of the photographs that you will need will 68 on your embassy, and some may even recommend a photographer, You should also confirm with embassy officials how much you will have to pay and also in what 69 it is to be paid.Some of the embassies are prepared to issue on-the-spot emergency passports, requiring no more than your oath to claim your 70__, but as a precaution you should investigate the requirements before you are actually forced to make an emergency request.【答案】66.afford67.claim68.depend69.currency70.identity【解析】66.从前面的情态动词can可知，此处应该填入一个动词；根据…take care that you are not wasting time and money（注意不要浪费时间和金钱）得出，这里应该填入一个可以和time和money搭配的动词，因此afford最合适，表示“给予，提供，买得起”。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：77
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The First World War began in a context of jargon and verbal delicacy and continued in a cloud of euphemism as （）as language and literature, skillfully used, could make it.问题1选项A.enthrallingB.impenetrableC.lucidD.deliberate【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。
enthralling 迷人的；impenetrable 不能通过的；费解的；lucid 明晰的；透明的；易懂的； deliberate 故意的；深思熟虑的；从容的。
句意：第一次世界大战开始于行话和精致言语的环境中，然后像语言和文学在巧妙地使用的情况下可以做到的那样继续于费解的委婉语的阴云中。
从continued in a cloud of euphemism（委婉语的阴云中）可知B项“费解的”符合题意。
2.单选题The research committee urged the archaeologist to undercut her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great, since her initial report has been based only on （）.问题1选项A.capriceB.suppositionC.evidenceD.conjecture【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。
caprice怪想，随想曲；supposition:假定，推测；evidence证据，证明；conjecture 推测，猜想。
中国政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
中国政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析The Englishman has been called a political animal,and he valueswhat is political and practical so much that ideas easily becomeobjects of dislike in his eyes,and thinkers,miscreants,becausepractice is everything,a free play of the mind is nothing.(46)Thenotion of the free play of the mind upon all subjects being a pleasurein itself,being an object of desire,being an essential provider ofelements without which a nation’s spirit,whatever compensations itmay have for them,must in the long run,die of emptiness,hardlyenters into an Englishman’s thoughts.It is noticeable that the wordcuriosity,which in other languages is used in a good sense,to mean,as a high and fine quality of man’s nature,just this disinterestedlove of a free play of the mind on all subjects,for its own sake—itis noticeable,I say,that this word has in our language no sense ofthe kind,no sense but a rather bad and disparaging one.But criticism,real criticism,is essentially the exercise of this very quality.(47)It obeys an instinct prompting it to try to know the best thatis known and thought in the world,irrespectively of practice,Gengduo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lianxi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi politics,andeverything of the kind;and to value knowledge and thought as theyapproach this best,without the intrusion of any other considerationswhatever.(48)This is an instinct for which there is,I think,littleoriginal sympathy in the practical English nature,and what there was of it has undergone a long benumbing period of blight and suppression in the epoch of Romanticism.(49)It is of the last importance that English criticism should clearly discern what rule for its course,in order to avail itself of the field now opening to it,and to produce fruit for the future, it ought to take.The rule may be summed up in oneword-disinterestedness.And how is criticism to show disinterestedness?By keeping aloof from what is called“the practical view of things”;by resolutely following the law of its own nature,which is to be a free play of the mind on all subjects which it touches.(50)By steadily refusing to lend itself to any of those concealed,political,practical considerations about ideas, which plenty of people will be sure to attach to them,but which criticism has really nothing to do with.Its business is,as I have said,simply to know the best that is known and thought in the world, and by in its turn making this known,to create a current of true and fresh ideas.Its business is to do this with inflexible honesty,with due ability;but its business is to do no more.答案46.对所有事物的自由思考本身就是一种乐趣，一种愿望，为民族精神提供了赖以生存的重要因素。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：33
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中南大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题I passed all the other courses that I took at my university, but I could have never passed botany. This was because all botany students had to spend several hours a week in a laboratory looking through a microscope at plant cells, and I could never once see a cell through a microscope. This used to enrage my instructor. He would wander around the laboratory pleased with the progress all the students were making in drawing the structure of flower cells, until he came to me. I would just be standing there. “I can’t see anything” I would say. He would begin patiently enough, explaining how anybody can see through a microscope, but he would always end up in a fury, claiming that I could, too, see through a microscope but just pretended that I couldn’t. “It takes away from the beauty of flowers anyway.”I used to tell him. “We are not concerned with beauty in this course，” he would say. “We are concerned solely with what I may call the mechanics of flowers.” “Well,” I’d say, “I can’t see anything” “Try it just once again,” he’d say, and I would put my eye to the microscope and see nothing at all, except now and again a nebulous milky substance — a phenomenon of maladjustment. You were supposed to see a vivid, restless clockwork of sharply defined plant cells. “I see what looks like a lot of milk，” I would tell him. This, he claimed, was the result of my not having adjusted the microscope properly, so he would readjust it for me, or rather, for himself. And I would look again and see milk.I finally took a deferred pass, as they called it, and waited a year and tried again. (You had to pass one of the biological sciences or you couldn’t graduate.) The professor had come back from vacation brown as a berry, bright-eyed and eager to explain cell-structure again to his cl asses. “Well,” He said to me, cheerily, when we met in the first laboratory hour of the semester, “We’re going to see cells this time, aren’t we?” “Yes, sir，’’ I said. Students to the right of me and to the left of me and in front of me were seeing cells; what’s more, they were quietly drawing pictures of them in their notebooks, Of course, I didn’t see anything.“We’ll try it, the professor said to me grimly, “with every adjustment of the microscope known to man. As God is my witness. I’ll arrange this gla ss so that you see cells through it or I’ll give up teaching. In twenty-two years of botany, I···” He cut off abruptly for he was beginning to quiver all over, like Lionel Barrymore, and he genuinely wished to hold onto his temper; his scenes with me had taken a great deal out of him.So, we tried it with every adjustment of the microscope known to man. With only one ofthem did I see anything but blackness or the familiar lacteal opacity, and that time I say, to my pleasure and amazement, a variegated constellation of flecks, specks, and dots. These I hastily drew. The instructor, noting my activity, came back from an adjoining desk, a smile on his lips and his eyebrows high in hope. He looked at my cell drawing, “what’s that?” he demanded, with a hint of a squeal in his voice, “that’s what I saw,” I said. “You didn’t, you didn’t，you didn’t!” he screamed, losing control of his temper instantly; and he bent over and squinted into the microscope. His head snapped up. “That’s your eye!” he shouted. “You’ve fixed the lens so that it reflects! You’ve drawn your eye!”1.According to the author, why was he taking the botany course?2.It can be inferred from the passage that the professor’s attitude toward the author was （）.3.Why did the author have difficulty with the microscope?4.The tone of this passage could best be described as（）.问题1选项A.He was a premedical student.B.He wanted to see the structure of cells.C.He needed it to graduate.D.It was required of science majors.问题2选项A.encouragingB.disbelievingC.instructiveD.All of the above问题3选项A.The professor adjusted it to his own eyes rather than to the author’s eyes.B.Because of a faulty instrument.C.Due to the teacher’s poor instruction.D.He didn’t try.问题4选项A.self-congratulatoryB.ironyC.degradingD.critical【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He decided to go ahead with his project ______ what other people said.问题1选项A.regardingB.regardless ofC.regardlessD.regarding of【答案】B【解析】考查词组。
A项regarding“关于，至于”，B项regardless of“不管，不顾”，C项regardless“不管的”，D项regarding of“关于”。
句意：不论其他人怎么说，他都决定继续完成他的计划。
根据句意，正确答案为B。
2.单选题Once our attention has been ensnared, we still need to be sufficiently intrigued to read the story.问题1选项A.detractedB.drawnC.removedD.buffed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。
ensnared在句中是“引诱”，A选项detracted“转移”；B选项drawn“吸引”；C选项removed“迁移”；D选项buff“降低，缓冲”。
句意：当我们的注意力被勾起时，我们仍需被激起足够的兴趣去阅读这个故事。
根据句意B项正确。
3.单选题“More haste, less speed” is saying two opposite things.问题1选项A.an eppeB.a questC.a paradoxD.a clue【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。
opposite things表示“相反的事情”；A项eppe“击剑运动用的重剑”，B项quest“追求”，C项paradox“悖论，反论”，D项clue“线索”。
句意：“欲速则不达”是两种截然相反的说法。
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中南财经政法大学考博英语样题-单选题1. To shut your eyes to the facts,_A_many of you often do,is foolish.A.asB.whatC.whichD.that2. ---What would you like to eat?---I can eat_C_.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.all3. Why didn’t Jack ask for the job?He _C_it.A.might getB.could getC.could have gotD.must have got4. The lecture_A_me to death.A.boredB.forcedC.killedD.put5. The pictures that he_A_on the wall yesterday are very beautiful.A.hungB.hangedC.hangingD.was hanged6. He achieved his aim_D_.A.by hard workingB.through hard workingC.working hardD.by hard work7. My wallet is nowhere to be founD.I_C_when I was on the bus.A.musy drop itB.should have dropped itC.must have dropped itD.had dropped it8. _D_,we should be glad.A.They arrive tomorrowB.Were they arriving tomorrowC.They were to arrive tomorrowD.Were they to arrive tomorrow9. I could have done it better if I_C_more time.A.have hadB.hadC.had hadD.will have had10. He was a good swimmer,so he_D_swim to the river bank when the boat sank.A.couldB.mightC.succeeded toD.was able to11. _C_,that step is not safe!A.Look aroundB.Look upC.Look outD.Look down12. Is there any_B_ medicine to cure that patient of his illness?A.efficientB.effectiveC.attractiveD.enjoyable13. Make greater efforts,and you are sure to reach your goal_A_.A.eventuallyB.especiallyC.effectivelyD.endlessly14. As I felt so much better,my doctor_B_me to take a holiday by the sea.A.suggestedB.advisedC.consideredD.made15. Every picture has been sold_A_these two,so you’d better make a decision earlier.A.expectB.besidesC.expect forD.beside16. Seldom_B_him in the past two years.A.I have seenB.have I seenC.I sawD.did I see17. ---He went to see the film last night.---_A_.A.So he did,and so did IB.So did he,and so I didC.So he did,and so I didD.So did he,and so did I18. I wish I_B_you better.A.knowB.knewC.will knowD.have known19. This is the student_A_I know will pass the TOEFL test.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.what20. They are looking forward to_C_to the lecture by the famous professor.A.sendB.be sentC.being sentD.sending21. Not only_A_us light,but it gives us heat.A.does the sun giveB.the sun givesC.gives the sunD.the sun does give22. They were too dirty to walk;_B_,it was late.A.besideB.besidesC.exceptD.yet23. The book looked_C_it had been out in the rain.A.thatB.whetherC.as throughD.what24. My brother had a cold last week,so_B_I.A.hadB.didC.amD.have25. I haven’t met him for ages,but his mother_B_him quite often.A.had seenB.seesC.has seenD.saw26. I sat near the entrance for a long time_A_him,but he didn’t arrive.A.expectingB.attendingC.waitingD.excepting27. I’m_D_in this newspaper.A.making a word puzzleB.having a puzzle wordC.getting a word puzzleD.doing a word puzzle28. I’m not_B_beautiful dreams.I want beautiful realities.A.content toB.content withC.content ofD.content at29. As there is no butter,we shall have to_A_dry bread.A.content ourselves withB.content us withC.content toD.content30. The Anti-Japanses War_B_in 1973and it__8 years.A.was broken out;lastedB.broke out;lastedC.broke;remainedD.had been broken out;kept31. What do you think_C_?A.what he isB.that he isC.he isD.is he32. I still remember the place_C_he visiteD.A.whereB.in whichC.thatD.at33. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially_A_Father was out.A.asB.thatC.duringD.if34. He plays football_B_,if not better than,John.A.as wellB.as well asC.so wellD.so well as35. Finallt,the thief handed everything_D_he had stolen to the police.A.afterB.whatC.thatD.which36. If you climb up to the top,you can get a good_B_of the whole city.A.sightB.viewC.sceneD.sigh37. You look tireD.You_ A_all day long.A.must have been workingB.might be workingC.should have been workingD.should have worked38. Come and see me_B_two day’s time.A.forB.inC.afterD.during39. _B_Java Man.who lived before the first Ice Age,was the first man-like animal.A.Generally believed it isB.It is generally believed thatC.Believed it generally is thatD.That is generally believed40. I haven’t seen Tom yet today,and I haven’t seen Joe,_B_.A.bothB.eitherC.tooD.neither41. ---You forgot to turn the gas off when you finished cooking this evening. ---Good heavens,_B_.A.so did IB.so I didC.so you didD.you did so42. Mary is_A_.She is a bit too strong.A.on a dietB.at a dietC.on a dietingD.going for dieting43. How many_B_do you need?A.hour’s sleepB.hours of sleepC.hours of sleepingD.sleeping hours44. I want to know how much you_A_since you__last time.A.have read;didB.had read;didC.had read;readD.would have read;had read45. _A_he said made me __.A.What;sickB.That;sickC.whether;illD.If;to sick46. They have been in Hawaii_A_the end of the war.A.sinceB.atC.byD.in47. Under the tree_B_two boys.A.lyingyC.liesin48. As a_C_of fact,talking to a friend is nice,but being alone is also enjoyable.A.thingB.businessC.matterD.affair49. My brother said_C_eraser he had bought was__help to him.A.the;/B.a;aC.the;aD.the;the50. You can often see the runners_B_on the playground.A.to trainB.trainingC.trainD.to be training。