密云区2019-2020高三一模试题及答案
2019-2020学年密云区北庄中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2019-2020学年密云区北庄中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoeswill last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanning is an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BOver the years, NASA has successfully sent several rovers (飞行器) to Mars. While the science laboratories continue to provide important information on the Red Planet, they keep the space exploration rovers staying closeto the original landing place.To get a more comprehensive (详尽的) view of Mars, the US Space Agency plans to make a small test helicopter with the Mars 2020 Rover, which will be sent off in July 2020.The football-sized “marscopter” weighs about four pounds.It can fly at about ten times the speed of helicopters on Earth. The light weight and fast speed are important for the helicopter to be able to fly in the thin Mars atmosphere, which is about just one percent of that of Earth. “To make it fly in that thin Mars atmosphere, we had to make everything ready, and make it as light as possible while being as strong and powerful as it can possibly be. “Mimi Aung, Mars helicopter project manager, said in a meeting.Upon landing on the Red Planet, the Mars 2020 Rover will find a proper location to send of the helicopter. The helicopter will start with a short climb, no higher than 10 feet, and hover (盘旋) for just 30 seconds before landing back on the Mars surface. If all goes well, five more flights of longer distances, for 90 seconds each, will be conducted over the next 30 days. The short journeys will be recorded by a small camera and sent back to the scientists on Earth.If the plan goes on well, the first helicopter to fly in another world, will open up a whole new way to explore Mars. The Mars helicopter's first flight will be a great invention. For those of us whose research is about flight, that would be a wonderful, historic moment.4. To fly in thin Mars atmosphere，we should make the helicopter_______.A. strong and heavyB. heavy and fastC. light and fastD. strong and slow5. How many times will the helicopter fly?A. Three timesB. Four timesC. Five timesD. Six times6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It’s interesting to fly in another world.B. I' s important to fly in another world.C. The plan to fly the helicopter goes on well.D. The helicopters first flight is successful.7. What may be the best title for the passage?A. To send a helicopter to Mars in 2020B. To send a rover to Mars in 2020C. To live in the thin Mars atmosphereD. To send back records to scientistsCA Singaporean company will feed airport food waste to mealworms before turning them into fish feed, aiming to cut the country's use of imported feed and offer a continuous alternative.Blue Aqua Internationalwill partner with Dnata, an air and travel services provider, to change organic waste at Singapore's Changi Airport into insect protein for aquacultural use, according to a statement Tuesday.The project looks to replace traditional fish and soybean meal as the main sources of protein for aquafeed. The insects will eat the food waste and change it into part of the body containing about 60 per cent protein. The dried baby worms will then be made into feed.These mealworms can be a continuous solution to several problems. Using a small land and giving out less carbon, they turn food waste into feed and offer an alternative source of protein. Ynsect SAS, a small French business that keeps mealworms to feed fish and pets, attracted money from investors includingIron Manmovie actor Robert Downey Jr. in a round of fund-raising last year.The deal will give Singapore's farmers access to domestically produced animal feed, which is traditionally bought from abroad. The Southeast Asian nation imports more than 90 percent of its food and has set a goal to produce a third of its food locally by 2030. It also aims to achieve a general recycling rate of 70 per cent by then. Presently, less than 20 per cent of Singapore's food waste is recycled.As part of the partnership, Dubai-based Dnata will add Blue Aqua to its list of suppliers to buy locally farmed seafood for its catering service.8. What is the function of mealworms?A. To cut the use of imported fish feed.B. To eat food waste and make fish feed.C. To domestically produce animal feed.D. To replace traditional fish and soybean meal.9. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. The producers of the feed.B. The purpose of the projectC. The advantages of the project.D. The composition of the feed.10. What can we infer about Singapore from Paragraph 5?A. It is a rich country.B. It is short of self-produced food.C. Its recycling rate is very high now.D. Its farmers don't support the deal.11. What is the text mainly about?A. A new way to produce fish feed.B.An introduction to a company.C. A plan to reduce food waste.D. A deal to protect farmers.DAs artificial intelligence(AI) systems become more advanced, we can expect them to be used more often in the world of human medicine and healthcare. AI is designed to imitate(模仿）the human brain in decision making and learning, so with the computing power to learn tasks in days or even hours, it is possible to create medical AIs that rapidly outperform doctors in certain tasks.Data plays a hugely important role in helping AI systems learn about human medicine. AI systems are trained on large data sets gathered from real-life cases. Providing detailed patient information in quantities is a crucial factor for their success.One of the most important areas for influencing global health is in the field of epidemiology(流行病学）。
北京市密云区2019-2020学年第二学期第一次(4月)阶段性测试高三地理试卷
密云区2019-2020学年第二学期高三第一次阶段性测试地理试卷2020.4第I卷选择题（每题3分，共45分）2019年11月15日，自然资源部中国地质调查局公布，在广西那坡县发现了一个世界级的天坑群。
图1的a为其中一个天坑，图b为岩石圈物质循环示意图。
读图1完成1、2题。
1．下述正确的是A．坑壁岩石类型同图b的丁B．坑底植被属于常绿硬叶林C．坑壁陡峭、底部草木丛生D．天坑高差大、水能较丰富2．形成该景观地质作用的先后顺序是A．②一③一④B．③一④一⑤C．④一⑦一③D．⑥一①一③图2表示某日我国四城市日出日落时刻，读图完成3题。
3．据图推断，下述正确的是A．该日，可能在4月初B．北京比武汉正午时的日影短C．哈尔滨河流正值汛期D．该日，广州日出方向为东南图3的a、b分别为2020年2月13日14时和14日2时海平面等压线分布图，读图，完成4、5题。
4．甲天气系统A．气流水平辐合B．势力逐渐增强C．控制地区干热D．正向偏北移动5．该时段内，北京①气温降低②天气转晴③气压升高④风向北转南A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④2019年8月10日凌晨，“利奇马”以超强台风姿态登陆浙江，中心附近最大风力16级（52米／秒），一举成为1949年以来登陆我国大陆地区第五强、登陆浙江第三强台风。
11日20时再次登陆山东青岛。
图4为“利奇马”移动路径图。
据此完成6、7题。
6．利奇马A．生成于东南太平洋热带洋面B．登陆青岛时适逢处暑节气C．水平气流呈逆时针方向旋转D．移动路径受控于西风漂流7．以下叙述正确的是A．此次台风登陆浙江温岭时伦敦人正在吃早餐B．4日17时至10日1时台风中心气压值越来越低C．4日至7日利奇马直接参与了海陆间水循环过程D．10日01时至13日08时台风中心移动速度越来越快迁徙指数：反应迁入或迁出人口规模。
图5为2020年农历腊月初七至二月初六期间，北京春运迁出人口趋势图。
读图5完成8、9题。
8．以下说法正确的是A．腊月廿九之前迁徙指数波动上升B．去年该时间段的迁徙指数均大于今年C．腊月廿九之后迁徙指数持续下降D．正月初二以后迁出人口规模比去年少9．以下影响因素对应正确的是A．腊月廿九前后迁出规模大——传统文化B．正月迁出规模多小于去年——经济差异C．2月下旬较前期迁出指数高——国家政策D．北京的热门迁出地是廊坊市——资源开发图6为南京市区居住用地基准地价分布图，读图完成10、11题。
2019-2020学年北京市密云水库中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年北京市密云水库中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThank you. It’s my great honor to be given this award.You cannot imagine that I have always been a late starter. Years ago, when I was 16, I took an important exam — GCE(General Certificate of Education), which turned out to be a failure. My dad was reading my report card and saw that my position in class was 29th, but the number in class was 29. It meant that I had achieved the distinction of being bottom of my class.I wasn’t lazy, and I was really trying. You can picture how I felt. Dad put his hand on my shoulder and said, “You can only do the best you can, but whatever you decide to do, make sure you love it.” He was a really sweet guy and a great man. I knew his attempt to hide his disappointment with some of his encouraging words. I was depressed for a week, but his advice was a wake-up call.Fortunately I love working with my hands, and I was good at two things: woodwork and art, and I really loved to draw and paint. I was quite talented. Dad strongly encouraged me to go to art school, which in those days wasn’t the obvious place that a father would suggest.So I got into Hartlepool College of Art. The college was a revelation (出乎意料), the passionate teachers there, who were extremely interested in the students, not just tolerating them but actually engaging with them. It was a world apart from my schooling until then. It’s extraordinary what an enthusiastic teacher can do, drawing the student out, lighting independence, and encouraging a design of your own future, rather than waiting for something to happen. I’m honored to have become one of these passionate teachers years later.My teachers inspired me, and thanks to my dad, here I am tonight. I think I should mention all the talents I have worked with over time, and to my kids and my wife Giannina, thank you.Thank you for this great award. I shall find a very special place for it.1. How did the author feel after taking GCE?A. Happy.B. Upset.C. Tired.D. Relieved.2. What didHartlepoolCollege of Art impress the author most?A. The teachers were strict with students.B. The students set good examples for each other.C. The teachers inspired students’ passion for learning.D. The students got prepared for their lessons independently.3. The author gave this speech to ________.A. share his career choiceB. explain his teaching methodsC. describe his life experienceD. show his appreciationBAfter finishing his dinner, Lin Xu opened a WeChat mini-program called "Clear Plate" on his phone and took picture of the empty plates. He was then awarded 157 credit points after the image was uploaded and recognized by artificial intelligence.“Users of the app can use their credit to buy gifts, such as books and cellphones to purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas,” Lin said.A nationwide "Clear Your Plate" campaign is gaining steam online. Efforts to stop food waste and promote thrift are also being made by restaurants that have been urged to create an environment in which consumers are reminded not to waste food. They are also encouraged to offer different portion sizes so that customers can have more choices.The “Clear Plate” mini-program has become popular among young Chinese and currently has nearly 1 million users.Liu Jichen, founder of the startup that developed the app, said that the idea popped up at a dinner in 2017, when Liu found that a restaurant would give diners who polished off their food a card and offer small gifts after a certain number of cards had been collected.“Such an idea can be realized online,” Liu said. He formed a team to work on the project.Yet it was quite challenge for the AI system to identify whether the uploaded photos showed empty plates.To make the AI system smarter, Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1,000 others, spent half a year collecting over 100, 000 samples in canteens and restaurants across the country and used the data to train neural network. Dozens of enterprises, institutions and restaurants have contacted the startup to cooperate on the project.Through the visualized mini-program, people can clearly see the good results of saving food, which will effectively reduce waste, he noted. "We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation,encouraging them to carry out the virtue of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift, " Liu said4. What is the main function of the APP "Clear Plate?A. Awarding credit points.B. Giving charity meals.C. Showing the empty plates.D. Encouraging saving food.5. How is the "Clear Your Plate" campaign carried out?A. Customers wasting food are punished.B. People join in it on mini-program.C. Restaurants limit customers' choices.D. People are encouraged to buy gifts.6. What was the most difficult when the app was created?A. Getting other people to cooperate with the team.B. Collecting samples in canteens and restaurants.C. Ensuring the app to recognize empty plates.D. Finding people to fund the app.7. What is the purpose of the writing?A. To introduce an app.B. To promote saving food.C. To praise a startup founder.D. To raise fund for poor children.CEver wondered if dogs can learn new words? Yes, say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words, unless eventually very well trained, a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities, according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words” said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from theEötvösLorándUniversityinHungary. For the study, the team involved two gifted dogs, Whisky and Vicky Nina. The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.In the exclusion-based task, presented with seven known toys and one new toy, the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name. Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion when faced with a new word, they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.However, this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy. In fact, when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name, the dogs got totally confused and failed.The other condition, the social one, where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of thetoy while playing with the dog, proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy, even after hearing it only 4 times. “The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal children’s ability to learn many new words at a fast rate around the age of 18 months,” Fugazza says. “But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制) behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs. ”To test whether most dogs would learn words this way, 20 other dogs were tested in the same condition, but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names, confirming that the abilityto learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.8. What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?A. To better train dogs’ ability to learn new words.B. To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.C. To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.D. To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs’ new-word learning.9. How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?A. Slow to understand.B. Quick to learn.C. At a loss.D. In a panic.10. What was found about dogs’ new-word learning in the social condition?A. Learning through playing applied to most dogs.B. The social condition helped dogs learn new words.CDogs’ new-word learning turned out to be less effective.D. Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words Rapidly.B. Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by Exclusion.C. Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of Training.D. Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to Humans.DWolves have a certain undeserved reputation: fierce, dangerous, good forhunting down deer and farmers’ livestock. However, wolves have a softer, more social side, one that has been embraced by a heart-warming new initiative.In a bid to save some of Europe’s last wolves, scientists have explored the willingness of these supposedly fierce creatures to help others of their kind. Female wolves, the scientists have discovered, make excellent fosterparents to wolf cubs that are not their own. The study, published in Zoo Biology, suggests that captive-bred wolfcubs(幼兽)could be placed with wild wolf families, boosting the wild population.The gray wolf was once the world’s most widely distributed mammal, but it became extinct as a result of widespread habitat destruction and the deliberate killing of wolves suspectedof preying on livestock. Fear and hatred of the wolf have since become culturally rooted, fuelled by myths, fables and stories.In Scandinavia, the gray wolf is endangered, the remaining population found by just five animals. As a result, European wolves are severely inbred and have little geneticvariability（变异性）, making them vulnerable to threats, such as outbreaks of disease that they can’t adapt to quickly. So Inger Scharis and Mats Amundin of Linkoping University, in Sweden, started Europe’s first gray wolf-fostering program. They worked with wolves keptat seven zoos across Scandinavia. Eight wolf cubs between four and six days old were removed from their natural parents and placed with other wolf packs in other zoos. The foster mothers accepted the new cubs placed in their midst.The welfare of the foster cubs and the wolves’ natural behavior were monitored using a system of surveillance cameras. The foster cubs had a similar growth rate as their step siblings in the recipient litter, as well as their biological siblings in the source litter. The foster cubs had a better overall survival rate, with 73% surviving until 33 weeks, than their biological siblings left behind, of which 63% survived. That rate of survival is similar to that seen in wild wolf cubs. Scientists believe that wolves can recognize their young, but this study suggests they can only do so once cubs are somewhere between three to seven weeks of age.If captive-bred cubs can be placed with wild-living families, which already have cubs of a similar age, not only will they have a good chance of survival, but they could help dramatically increase the diversity of the wild population, say the researchers. Just like the wild wolves they would join, these foster cubs would need protection from hunting. Their arrival could help preserve the future of one of nature’s most iconic and polarizing animals.12. What’s the theme of the passage?A. Giving wolf cubs a new lifeB. Foster wolf parents and foster cubsC. The fate of wild wolvesD. Changing diversity of wild wolves13. Which of the following flow chart best demonstrates the relationship between the wolves?A. B.C. D.14. Which of the following statements is true?A. Female wolves are willing to raise wolf cubs of 3 to 7 weeks old.B. Foster cubs are accepted by foster parents and are well bred.C. Man’s hostile attitude towards wolves roots in myths, fables and stories.D. Foster cubs and their biological siblings have similar growth rate and survival rate.15. What’s the purpose of the research?A. To help wolves survive various threatsB. To improve wolves’ habitat and stop deliberate killingC. To save endangered wolves by increasing their populationD. To raise man’s awareness of protecting wolves第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年北京市密云区第六中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年北京市密云区第六中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThis online course is designed to provide you with work-ready skills including responding to job advertisements，writing application letters and resumes（简历）and developing inter-view skills．What topics will it cover?● The recruitment（招聘）and selection process● The job application● Planning for the interview● Developing interview skillsWhat will you achieve?By the end of the course，you'll be able to...● Assess the recruitment and selection process from an employer's point of view● Interpret an advertisement，job description and selection criteria correctly● Model a well-written job application● Plan for a job interviewWho is the course for?While this course appeals to trainees and graduates，it also applies to job seekersin the broader community looking to increasing their confidence and success rate when applying for work．Who develops the course?Central Queensland University．It is Australia's leading regional university．Our courses are designed alongside industry andmany include hands-on learning experiences and project-based learning．Our commitment to making real-world knowledge and skills accessible to all has seen us being awarded global recognition．1. What will students learn if they take the online course?A. The way to write a resume．B. The way to put an advertisement．C. The skills of talking with others．D. The skills of improving reading．2. Who is the online course intended for?A. Trainers．B. Interviewers．C. Job seekers．D. College students．3. Which ofthe following best describes the online course?A Cheap． B. Practical． C. Long-standing． D. World-class．BWhen I was 13, I lost my sight. Since then, I had learned to get about with a walking stick, but had to stay at home because my parents thought I would get lost or robbed, even get hit by a car.I, however, believed I could regain my way if I lost it. A neighbor told me that a public library was offering a free course designed for the blind. That's an important opportunity for me to kill two birds with one stone: I could practice my getting — about skills on my way to learning practical technology. My parentssettled forit.But how would I plan my course? I knew that the blind singer Ray Charles, get around without a walking stick by counting steps. But I couldn't seem to do that the way he had. I developed the power of my imagination, catching the layout（布局）of places I visited and taking note of landmarks in my mind. Every time I visited a place, the mental map I'd drawn would turn up and helped me with the direction. But that doesn't mean I didn't lose my way in the process of acquiring this skill. I'd have to swallow（吞下）my pride to ask kind strangersfor help.On those days I lost my way, I'd go to bed feeling down. But my desires to beat blindness and further my education were usually enough to get me out of bed the next day and try again. Today, I'm a published reporter and audio producer.Yes, I've lost my way at times and found it again. And when people ask me,"Aren't you afraid to be out on your own?” the answer to me is clear：I'd rather risk and find happiness than stick to safety and be painful.Now, impressed by my progress, my father told my mother, "Our boy can see!".4. What does the underlined phrases “settled for" in the second paragraph mean?A. Talked about.B. Stuckto.C. Agreed to.D. Cared about.5. How did the author go around on his own after losing his sight?A.He created pictures of places in his mind.B. He drew a map on the paper to help him.C. He was always asking strangers for directions.D.He threw away the walking stick and counted steps.6. Which of the following can best describe the author?A. Determined and adventurous.B. Patient and intelligent.C. Warm-hearted and positive.D. Adventurous and outgoing.7. How did the author's parents feel about his progress?A.Concerned.B. Surprised.C. Confident.D. Proud.CA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any timeand at no cost.”8. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.9. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining10. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.11. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.DTo Rehan Staton, his childhood was a life of privilege — loving parents, a supportive big brother and a pleasant, private school education. Everything changed when his mother left the country and his father lost his job.He had to sleep with a heavy jacket on when it was cold. He was always hungry. He said he couldn't concentrate at school and would sleep during class. He went from straight. As to near the bottom of his class. A teacher told him he needed special education, which made him hate school.Staton spent his high school years as an excellent athlete, raining to become a professional boxer. He had won a lot of martial arts competitions.But a tragedy struck him in his senior year when Staton suffered serious tendonitis (肌腱炎), in both shoulders. He couldn’t lift either arm for months. His dream of becoming a professional player failed. He struggled to apply to colleges but was refused byall of them.Staton’s body slowly recovered from martial arts and he got a job as a rubbish collector. Many co-workers couldn't help but ask him a simple question, “What are you doing here? You’re smart. You are too young to be here. Go to college.” It was the first time someone outside his family had spoken highly of his intelligence. It was the co-workers thatem enedhim to return to school.Several co-workers put Staton in touch with a professor atBowieStateUniversity. The professor was impressed with their conversation and persuaded the admissions board to change its former decision.Going to college forced Staton’s older brother, Reggie, to drop out. They both knew someone had to be working full time along with their dad. It was a decision Reggie made on his own.After receiving a 4.0, Staton succeeded in becoming a student at theUniversityofMaryland. But he still had a long way to go to attend Harvard Law eventually...12. What finally changed Rehan Staton’s happy childhood?A. His brother’s losing the job.B. His serious health problem.C. His father’s sudden death.D. His mother’s leaving the country.13. What does the underlined word “em ened” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Force.B. Direct.C. Encourage.D. Accompany.14. Why did Staton’s elder brother have to drop out of school?A. He wanted his brother to study further.B. His father asked him to leave school.C. He had lost interest in most lessons.D. He had to go out to find his mother.15. What will the writer mainly talk about next?A. What Rehan Staton planned to do after entering Harvard.B. How Rehan Staton managed to be admitted to Harvard.C. Why Rehan Staton decided to choose to go to Harvard.D. When Rehan Staton would be successful in Harvard Law.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
密云区2019-2020学年度高三化学一模
密云区2019-2020学年度高三阶段性测试（6月）化学试卷2020.6本试卷共8页，100分。
考试时长90分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 Li 7 C 12 O 16 N 14 Ga 70第一部分本部分共14题，每题3分，共42分。
在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
1．下列物质的用途不正确．．．的是A. 生石灰B. 小苏打C.阿司匹林D.苯甲酸钠物质用途抗氧化剂糕点发酵粉解热镇痛药食品防腐剂2．下列化学用语表示不正确．．．的是A．H2O分子的比例模型： B．NaClO的电子式：C．CO2的结构式：O═C═O D3. 无纺布制成的医用口罩在抗击新型冠状病毒过程中发挥了重要作用，无纺布的主要原料是聚丙烯树脂。
下列说法不正确．．．的是A. 无纺布制成的医用口罩能有效预防病毒传染B. 聚丙烯树脂属于合成有机高分子材料C. 合成聚丙烯树脂的单体是丙烯化学第1 页（共10 页）D．丙烯和聚丙烯树脂均属于纯净物4．常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是A．无色透明的溶液中：Fe3+、NH4+、I－、CO32－B．0.1 mol•L－1 KNO3溶液中：Na+、Fe2+、Cl－、SO42－C．使酚酞变红的溶液中：Na+、Mg2+、SO32－、NH4+D．＝1×10﹣12的溶液：K+、Na+、CO32﹣、HCO3﹣5. 将NaCl溶于水配成1 mol/L的溶液，溶解过程如图所示。
下列说法正确的是A. a离子为Cl-, b离子为Na+B. 溶液中含有N A个水合Na+C. 溶液中存在NaCl Na++Cl-D. NaCl溶解过程需要在容量瓶中进行6. 下列解释事实的离子方程式正确的是A．Na2O2 溶于水：Na2O2+2H2O === 2Na++2OH﹣+O2↑B．用石墨电极电解饱和食盐水：2Cl- + 2H2O === 2OH-+ H2↑+ Cl2↑C．用 Na2CO3溶液处理锅炉水垢中的 CaSO4：CaSO4 + CO32-=== CaCO3 + SO42-D．向Ba(OH)2溶液中逐滴加入NaHSO4溶液至Ba2+恰好沉淀完全：Ba2＋＋SO42－=== BaSO4↓7.设阿伏加德罗常数为N A，下列说法正确的是A．1 mol Cl2与足量Fe反应，转移的电子数为3N AB．22.4 L（标准状况）15NH3含有的质子数为11N AC．常温下，1L 0.1mol/L MgCl2溶液中，含有Mg2＋数为0.1N AD．常温常压下，46 g的NO2和N2O4混合气体含有的原子数为3N A8.下列实验中，能达到相应实验目的的是化学第2 页（共10 页）A．H2在Cl2中燃烧B．证明氯化银溶解度大于硫化银C.证明乙炔可使溴水褪色D．验证温度对平衡移动的影响9．右图是部分短周期元素原子半径与原子序数的关系图。
2020年密云高三一模数学答案
的单调减区间是 (，-1- 1) ，单调增区间是 (1 1 , ) ；当 a 0 时， f (x) 的单调增区
a
a
间是 (，-1- 1) ，单调减区间是 (1 1 , ) ．
a
a
（Ⅲ）解：方法一
因为 f (x) ex ax 1, x R ，
所以令 f (x) 0 ，得 ax 1 0 . （1）当 a 0 时，方程无解， 此时函数 f (x) 无零点；
（2）当 a 0 时，解得 x 1 ， a
此时函数 f (x) 有唯一的一个零点.
综上所述，当 a 0 时，函数 f (x) 无零点；当 a 0 时，函数 f (x) 有一个零点.
方法二
（1）当 a 0 时 因为 f (x) ex 0 ，
所以函数 f (x) 无零点；
（2）当 a 0 时
E (ABC) (ABC) (ABC) (ABC)
所以事件 E 的概率
P(E) P(ABC) P(ABC) P(ABC) P(ABC)
=P( A)P(B)P(C) P( A)P(B)P(C) P( A)P(B)P(C) P( A)P(B)P(C) =0.6 0.8 0.35+0.6 0.2 0.65+0.4 0.8 0.65+0.6 0.8 0.65 =0.168+0.078+0.208+0.312 =0.766
密云区 2019-2020 学年第二学期高三第一次阶段性测试
数学试卷参考答案及评分标准
一、选择题：共 10 小题，每小题 4 分，共 40 分．
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
C
2019-2020学年北京市密云水库中学高三生物一模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年北京市密云水库中学高三生物一模试卷及答案解析一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 下列生物群体中，属于群落的是A.闽江里的全部生物B.黄河里的全部鱼C.武夷山中的全部植物D.太湖中的全部微生物2. 下列哪一组方法，可以依次解决下列问题（）①鉴定一只白羊是否纯种①在一对相对性状中区别显隐性①不断提高小麦抗病品种的纯合度①检验杂种F1的基因型A.测交、杂交、自交、测交B.杂交、杂交、杂交、测交C.杂交、自交、测交、测交D.测交、测交、杂交、自交3. 有关糖类的生理作用的下列概括中，有错误的是（）A. 核糖和脱氧核糖是核酸的组成成分B. 葡萄糖是重要的能源物质C. 糖元是所有生物体储备的能源物质D. 纤维素是植物细胞壁的主要成分4. 下图表示细胞中某些化合物或元素占细胞鲜重的比例，以下按①①①①顺序排列，正确的是（）A. 水、蛋白质、核酸、脂质；N、H、O、CB. 蛋白质、糖类、脂质、水；O、C、N、HC. 水、蛋白质、脂质、核酸；H、O、C、ND. 蛋白质、水、脂质、糖类；C、O、H、N5. 下列关于真核细胞结构和功能的叙述中，错误的是（）A.抑制核糖体的功能会影响胰岛素的合成B.中心体与细胞有丝分裂有关C.高尔基体膜的主要成分是蛋白质和脂质D.有分泌功能的细胞才有高尔基体6. 关于如图的相关叙述中，不正确的是（）A. 若某水平放置的植物幼苗表现出根的向地生长现象，且测得其根的远地侧生长素浓度为f，则根的近地侧生长素浓度范围应为（2f，h）B. 若某水平放置的植物幼苗表现出茎背地性，测得茎的近地侧生长素浓度为2f，则茎的远地侧生长素浓度范围应为（0，f）C. 除草剂灭草的原理是使杂草的生长素浓度处于大于h状态下D. 若某植物顶芽的生长素浓度为g，产生顶端优势现象的侧芽生长素浓度可能大于h7. 下列有关免疫系统组成的叙述，正确的是（）A. 免疫系统包括免疫器官、免疫细胞B. 免疫器官是免疫细胞生成、成熟或集中分布的场所C. 免疫细胞只包括T细胞和B细胞，分别在胸腺和骨髓中成熟D. 免疫活性物质是由免疫细胞产生的发挥作用的物质8. 胰岛素依赖型糖尿病是一种自身免疫病，主要特点是胰岛B细胞数量减少，血中胰岛素低、血糖高等。
2019-2020学年密云区第二中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年密云区第二中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou’re becoming an adult; your friends are changing; school is more challenging; and your life has more ups and downs than it used to. These books are just for you.Say Goodbye to Stressby Dr Jeff BrownKindle Edition $11.79Paperback $16.95Many have trouble getting their stress (压力) under control and want help. This new book will encourage stressed-out readers with its stories from people like them about how they resolved or rethought the stress in their lives, learned to let go of anxiety and worry, and improved their lives by dealing with stress.Find Your Inner Strengthby Amy NewmarkKindle Edition $7.99Paperback $12.75This powerful collection of stories will inspire (激励) you and help you find the inner strength to do with the challenges in your own life. We are stronger than we think.... when we have to be. These brave. courageous people are the role models that show us all what is possible.Random Acts of Kindnessby Amy NewmarkKindle Edition $12.99Paperback $17.77Make miracles happen for yourself and others. It’s easy. Just think outside the box and look around. There are so many ways that you can help—and it turns out the biggest beneficiary (受益人) may be you! Scientific studies have shown that “doing good” is not only good for others but also for the person doing it, making that person happier and healthier.Be the Best You Can Beby Amy NewmarkKindle Edition $10. 99Paperback $15.67This collection shows kids positive role models to follow in its stories about making good choices, havingconfidence, and doing the right things. Parents and grandparents will enjoy discussing the stories with children, making it a family event.1.How will you feel after reading Say Goodbye to Stress?A.Anxious.B.Awkward.C.Relaxed.D.Confused.2.What is unique about Find Your Inner Strength?A.It is written by a well-known author.B.It is the cheapest of the four books.C.It has role models for kids to follow.D.It shows one how to do good deeds.3.Which book is suitable for one who has no confidence?A.Say Goodbye to StressB.Find Your Inner StrengthC.Random Acts of KindnessD.Be the Best You Can BeBA North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriously wounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask all fishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.4. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?A. To save its mother.B. To confirm its identity.C. To determine the time of its death.D. To uncover the cause of its death.5. How many right whales are left according to the passage?A. About 40.B. About 50.C. About 400.D. About 500.6. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.7. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.C. To protect the boats against the whales.D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.CA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australian scientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued togrow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”8. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?A. Scientists have recreated new animals.B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.9. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.A. bring extinct animals back to lifeB. transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinctionD. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA10. Mike Archer thinks that ________.A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animalsB. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible11. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effectDAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.12. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.13. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.14. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.15. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space Travel第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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5．2019 年 5 月 17 日，在四川省西昌卫星发射基地成功发射了第 45 颗北斗导航卫星，该卫星属于地球静止
轨道卫星（同步卫星）。已知地球的质量为 M 、半径为 R 、地球自转周期为 T、该卫星的质量为 m 、引
力常量为 G ，关于这颗卫星下列说法正确的是
3
A．距地面高度为
치
B．动能为 GMm 2R
物理 第 4 页（共 11 页）
/////////////////
应画 F - r 图像 B. 研究向心力与线速度的关系时，保持圆柱体质量和运动半径一
定，应画 F - v2 图像 图8
C．研究向心力与质量的关系时，保持圆柱体线速度和运动半径一定，应画 F - m 图像 D．如能保证两个传感器同步记录，圆筒可以不做匀速圆周运动，同样可以完成该实验目
的
14．新型冠状病毒防疫期间，医用一次性口罩是必备的呼吸防护用品，口罩的核心材料是中间一层熔喷无 纺布。为了提高过滤效果必须在熔喷无纺布上进行重要的驻极处理，就是在熔喷无纺布上加入静电荷。 利用电荷的静电力作用捕集尘粒，称为静电吸引沉积，静电吸附效果直接影响着口罩的使用寿命。根 据这些信息，下列说法正确的是 A．医用一次性口罩可以进行高温蒸汽消毒再使用效果会更好’ B．医用一次性口罩可以防护天然放射现象中放射出的α、β和γ射线 C．在防控期间口罩出现严重紧缺，为了节约资源刚用完的医用一次性口罩可以及时清洗晒干后使用 D．防疫期间不法分子为了谋取暴利，制造销售假冒医用一次性驻极口罩，除了从专业技术上鉴定 外，还可以用口罩能否吸附轻小纸屑来判断真假
三、本题包括 4 小题，共 40 分。解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。只写出最后答案 的不能得分，有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
17.（8 分）力是改变物体运动状态的原因，力能产生加速度。力在空间上的积累使物体动能发生变化；力
在时间上的积累使物体动量发生变化。如图 11 所示，质量为 m 的物块，在水平合外力 F 的作用下做匀
在磁感应强度为 B 的磁场中，线圈绕 OO′轴以角速度ω匀速转动，外电阻为 R，线圈的 AB 边连在金属滑
环 K 上，CD 边连在金属滑环 L 上，线圈在转动时可以通过滑环和电刷保持与外电路相连。关于发电过
程中的四个状态，下列说法正确的是
A．线圈转到图甲位置时，通过线圈的
磁通量为 NBS
B．线圈转到图乙位置时，通过线圈的
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为
C（结果保留两位有效数字
（3）下列关于电容器充电时, 电流 i 与时间 t 的关系；所带电荷量 q 与两极板间的电压 U 的关系正 确
的是
。
16.（10 分）某实验小组同学，用铁架台、弹簧和多个质量均为 m=50g 的钩码，探究在弹性限度内弹簧弹力 与弹簧伸长量的关系如图 10（甲）所示。
①弹簧原长为 ②弹簧的劲度系数 옸
cm。 N m（保留两位有效数字）。
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（2）弹簧与绳有一点相似之处，都可以认为是一个传递力的媒介。某位同学根据这个观点推广认为： 将两个同样的弹簧串接在一起后，弹簧的劲度系数 与原来一样。你认为他的想法正确么？并解 释一下你的理由。
7．如图 3 所示，为探究理想变压器原副线圈的电压和电流关系，将原线圈接到电压有效值不变的正弦交流
电源上，副线圈连接相同的灯泡 L1、L2，电路中分别接入理想交流电压表 V1、V2 和理想交流电流表 A1、
A2，不计导线电阻。闭合开关 S 后，下列说法正确的是
A．A1 示数不变，V1 示数不变，L1 变亮
3．下列说法正确的是 A．放射性元素的半衰期随温度的升高而变短 B．太阳辐射的能量主要来自太阳内部的核聚变反应 C．阴极射线和β射线都是电子流，都源于核外电子 D．天然放射现象中放射出的α、β、γ射线都能在磁场中发生偏转
4．中医拔罐疗法在中国有着悠久的历史，早在成书于西汉时期的帛书《五十二病方》中就有类似于后世
其速度方向与磁场方向垂直。关于α粒子与衰变后的新核在磁场中做的圆周运动，下列说法正确的是
A．运动半径之比是 45:1
B．运动周期之比是 1:117
C．动能总是大小相等
D．动量总是大小相等，方向相反
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11．如图 6 所示，一个劲度系数为 k 的轻质弹簧竖直放置，弹簧上端固定一质量为 2m 的物块 A，弹簧下端
B．A 2 示数变大，V2 示数变大，L1 变暗
C．A 1 示数变大，变压器输出功率变大，A 1 与 A 2 示数的比值不变
D．V2 示数变大，变压器输出功率变大，V1 与 V2 示数的比值不变
图3
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8．如图 4 所示为交流发电机发电的示意图，矩形线圈 ABCD 面积为 S、匝数为 N、整个线圈的电阻为 r。
C．加速度为
옸
치
D．入轨后该卫星应该位于西昌的正上方
6．甲、乙两列完全相同的横波分别从波源 A、B 两点 沿 x 轴相向传播，t = 0 时的波形图像如图 2 所示， 若两列波的波速都是 1 m／s，下列说法正确的是 A．甲乙两列波的频率都是 4Hz B．t = 1s 时，甲乙两波相遇 C．t = 3s 时，x = 6 m 处质点的位移为负方向最大 图2 D．t = 0s 时，x = 2 m 处质点与 x = 10m 处质点的振动方向相反
C．物块 A 和物块 B 组成的系统机械能守恒
D．物块 A、物块 B 和弹簧组成的系统机械能守恒
图6
12．图像法具有自己独特的优势，它能把复杂的物理过程直观形象清楚地展现出来，同时也能够形象地描
述两个物理量之间的关系，如图 7 所示，若 x 轴表示一个物理量，y 轴表示一个物理量，其中在实验数
据处理时，会发现图像与两个坐标轴的交点（称为截距）具有特殊的物理意
物理 第 1 页（共 11 页）
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的火罐疗法。其方法是以罐为工具，将点燃的纸片放入—个小罐内，当纸片燃烧完时，迅速将火罐开 口端紧压在皮肤上，火罐就会紧紧地“吸”在皮肤上，造成局部瘀血，以达到通经活络、行气活血、消 肿止痛、祛风散寒等作用的疗法。在刚开始的很短时间内，火罐 “吸”在皮肤上的主要原因是 A．火罐内的气体温度不变，体积减小，压强增大 B．火罐内的气体压强不变，温度降低，体积减小 C．火罐内的气体体积不变，温度降低，压强减小 D．火罐内的气体体积不变，温度降低，压强增大
义。对该交点的物理意义，下列说法不．正．确．的是 A．在测电源电动势和电源内阻时，若 x 轴表示流过电源的电流，y 轴表示
闭
合电路电源两端的电压，则该图像与 x 轴的恒实验时，若 x 轴表示重锤下落到某点时速度的平方，y 轴表示重
锤落到该点的距离，则该图像与 x 轴交点的物理意义是重锤下落时的初速度
变速直线运动，速度由 v0 变化到 v 时，经历的时间为 t，发生的
位移为 x。
v0
v
（1）请根据牛顿第二定律和相关规律，推导动能定理；
图 11
（2）请根据牛顿第二定律和相关规律，推导动量定理。
18.（9 分）如图 12 所示，R 为变阻箱，电压表为理想电压表，电源电动势 E = 6V，当变阻箱阻值为 R=4Ω时，闭合电键后，电压表读数 U = 4V，求：
图4 磁通量的变化率为 NBSω
C．线圈转到图丙位置时，外电路中交流电流表的示数为
ʨᓆ 치
D．线圈转到图丁位置时，AB 边感应电流方向为 A→B
9．如图 5 所示，在等量异种点电荷形成的电场中有 A、B、C 三点，A 点为两点电荷连线的中点，B 点为
连线上距 A 点距离为 d 的一点，C 点为连线中垂线上距 A 点距离也为 d 的一点。则下列说法正确的是
C．在用单摆测重力加速度的实验中，若 x 轴表示摆线长度，y 轴表示单摆周期的平方，则该图像与 x
轴交点绝对值的物理意义是该单摆摆球的半径
D．在研究光电效应的实验中，若 x 轴表示入射光的频率，y 轴表示光电子的最大初动能，则该图像与
x 轴的交点物理意义是该金属的极限频率
13．如图 8 所示，是一个研究向心力与哪些因素有关的 DIS 实验装置示意图，其中质量为 m 的圆柱体放置 在未画出的光滑圆盘边缘，绳子一端连接小圆柱体，另一端连接力传感器，使圆柱体做匀速圆周运动。 圆周运动的轨道半径为 r，光电传感器测定的是圆柱体的线速度。关于这个实验下列说法不．正．确．的是 A. 研究向心力与半径的关系时，保持圆柱体线速度和质量一定，
A．物体的动能增加，其内能也一定增加 B．扩散现象和布朗运动都是分子的无规则热运动 C．一定质量的气体膨胀对外做功，气体内能一定增加 D．随着分子间的距离增大，分子间的引力、斥力都减小
2．如图 1 所示，一束平行光经玻璃三棱镜折射后分解为 a、b 两种单色光。则下列说法正确的是 A．在真空中传播时，a 光的速度大 B．从玻璃射向空气时，b 光发生全发射的临界角小 C．经过同一双缝干涉实验装置时，观察到 a 光的相邻亮条纹间距大 D．若 b 光能使某金属发生光电效应，则 a 光也一定能发生光电效应 图1
固定在水平地面上。一质量为 m 的物块 B，从距离弹簧最上端高为 h 的正上方处由
静止开始下落，与物块 A 接触后粘在一起向下压缩弹簧。从物块 B 刚与 A 接触到弹
簧压缩到最短的整个过程中（弹簧保持竖直，且在弹性限度内形变），下列说法正确
的是
A．物块 B 的动能先减少后增加又减小
B．物块 A 和物块 B 组成的系统动量守恒
（1）电路中的电流 I 和电源内阻 r； （2）电源的输出功率 P 和效率η； （3）试推导说明当 R 为多大时，电源的输出功率最大。