非谓语动词解题方法
非谓语动词的解题思路
非谓语动词的解题思路在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。
1）不定式(to do) 表示目的，将来时态\语态主动被动一般式to do to be done完成式to have done to have been done2）动名词/现在分词–ing 表示主动，同时进行时态\语态主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done3）过去分词–ed 表示被动，完成的状态否定形式：not + to do，not + -ing，not + -ed在做题过程中，如果能按照“先结构，再语态，后时态”这三步思考，再难的题目也能迎刃而解。
一、先结构。
非谓语动词充当动词的宾语或宾语补足语的时候，它的形式要由前面的动词决定。
因此，我们要先考虑它与前面动词固定搭配的结构形式。
有些动词的宾语只接动词不定式(to do)，如agree, ask, decide, expect, pretend, want, wish, learn, seem等；而有些动词或动词短语则要求只能用动名词(-ing)作宾语，如appreciate, avoid, delay, allow, suggest, finish, practice, enjoy, imagine, forbid, risk, mind, stand, consider, insist on, escape, look forward to等；还有一些使役动词的固定搭配，如have sth. done等，动词搭配的结构已经固定了非谓语的形式。
例如：He was pretending ________ while his mother came in his study.A. readingB. to be readingC. readD. be reading只要学生掌握动词pretend后只能接不定式作它的宾语，即pretend to do sth（假装做某事）这个结构的话，一眼就可选出B这个正确答案。
非谓语动词
1. 语态的判断: 1) 在 “be + adj.” 或 “SVOC” 结构中,后面 所跟的不定式常用主动语态. 2) 习惯上用 to let (出租), to blame (责怪) 等主动形式表被动意义. 2. 时态的判断 不定式的完成式用在was/were, planned, intended, meant, hoped, wished等之后，表示 事实上并未实现的行为或plan, intend, wish, hope, mean等动词的过去完成式与不定式一般式 连用，也可以表示事实上并没有实现的行为．
பைடு நூலகம்
Ⅳ. 动名词的逻辑主语 表示方法: 人称代词的所有格或有生命物体 名词的’s/s’的所有格 例句6: I had to postpone ____ to his plan to a later date. A. me listening B. my listening C. myself listening D. mine listening 如果逻辑主语是没有生命的名词,那通常用 普通格; 如果是有生命的，一般用所有格; 但 是做介词宾语时, 也可以用普通格.
例如：I intended to have finished it, but I failed at last. (没有实现) I had intended to finish it, but I failed. (没有实 现) 3. 不定式做复合谓语的一部分 be said, be reported, be supposed, be believed, be known, be sorry, seem等之后经常跟不定式. 4. 同时涉及时态和语态时, 应该先判断语态. 例如: He is supposed to have left for Italy last week.
非谓语的解题步骤或思路
非谓语的解题步骤或思路（1）先判断空格部分所需的是主句，从句还是非谓语动词。
独立的句子，从句或非谓语独立的句子加句号，分号或破折号的话，后再加一个独立的句子。
独立的句子，（逗号）有and,but, so 等词加独立的句子。
（2）再根据主句的主语，来判断主动或被动；（3）接下来再判断时态，（4）如果是否定的话，not一定要放在非谓语的前面（5）一定不要忘记主语一致的原则，如果不一致的话，要把非谓语的独立主语加上。
非谓语常见的位置，或在句子中所担当的成分（1）非谓语动词短语，+ 主句或者是主句，非谓语动词短语这时的非谓语动词短语起到状语的作用例如：influenced by the growing interest in nature, more people enjoy outdaoor activities.在这种情况下，首先,找出主句的主语，然后以主句的主语为出发点，来判断非谓语动词是主动还是被动，如果已有的非谓语动词的主语和主句主语不一致，还要考虑独立主格结构，也就是把非谓语动词的自己的主语加上去：例如：All flights having been cancelled , they decided to takethe train.其次,把非谓语动词和主句的动词比较，看是否同时发生还是有明显的先后。
（2）跟在介词，动词或某些形容词的后面固定搭配只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有：admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免put off推迟keep 保持consider 考虑delay/ postpone耽搁dislike 嫌恶resist 抵制mention 提及enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅practice 练习mind介意fancy想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成risk 冒险include 包括forgive 原谅give up 放弃suggest 建议miss 逃过imagine 想象can’t help 情不自禁involve 需要can’t stand 无法忍受understand 理解常见的带介词to的短语：be used to 习惯be related to 与……有关get down to 着手做contribute to 贡献put one’s mind to全神贯注于give rise to 引起be equal to 胜任devote oneself to 献身于lead to 导致be opposed to 反对look forward to 盼望object to 反对stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意（3）介词后一定要加动词的-ing 形式；（4）跟在名词后面做定语时，一般不用having done/ having been done 结构（5）放在句首做主语，一般用动词的ing 和to do …特殊的非谓语短语Generally speaking 一般来说Considering …. 考虑到，鉴于Time/weather permitting 时间、天气允许的话Taking …into account 考虑到Taking …into consideration 考虑到Provided …假如Providing…假如Suppose…假如Supposing…假如Juding from/ by…根据…判断Given sth 假如，如果；鉴于，考虑到Given that…假如，如果；鉴于，考虑到。
英语语法：非谓语动词,重点和解题方法
英语语法：非谓语动词，重点和解题方法一、非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
二、非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。
具体如下：1.不定式①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来）③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行）④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成）⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成）⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）The teacher told us to do morning exercises. 老师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister. 要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 老师进来时，她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have escaped. 据说小偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested. 据说小偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years. 据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。
2. 动名词①基本形式：doing （表示主动）②被动式：being done（表示被动）③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成）④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成）Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future. 在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
非谓语动词解题五步曲
非谓语动词解题五步曲郑佩仪发布时间： 2009-6-24 19:38:01非谓语动词一直是高考的一个重难点，因此理解并掌握好非谓语动词是非常重要的一个课题。
但是只要熟悉并掌握好非谓语动词的各种形式的特点以及其用法，就能轻松做好题。
一、了解非谓语动词的定义和用法1．非谓语动词，主要指在句中不能充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的动词。
非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词），现在分词和动名词以统称为动词-ing形式。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但是有语态和时态的变化。
根据其在句中所充当的语法成分可以归纳为下表；2．三种非谓语形式除了有不同的句法功能外，在句子中所表示的意义也不同，可以根据其语态和时态可以归类出以下的表格：只要强化记忆以上这个表格，那么在以下的分析中就可以运用了。
3．此外要注意非谓语动词的复合结构，即其加上逻辑主语的一种形式，如动词不定式复合结构（for sb to do ）和动名词的复合结构（名词/名词所有格/代词/形容词性物主代词+ doing）。
Eg. It is hard for Mary to get up early.句中It是形式主语，而for Mary to get up early真正的主语，而其中Mary是get up 的逻辑主语。
4．非谓语动词的否定式也是常考的项目，要认清否定形式，非谓语动词的否定都应将not 放在非谓语动词之前,但如该谓语形式前有逻辑主语,则要置于逻辑主语之后，如What is the reason for your not going home..5. 熟记各种非谓语动做相同成分的区别以及一些固定搭配三种非谓语形式在很多情况下都可以做相同的成分，但根据句意和语法结构分析可以区别并判断，如动名词和不定式同时可以做宾语词倾向指经常性发生的事情，而不定式指一次性的事情，如I like playing football very much, but I don’t like to play now.此外还有一些固定搭配，有些动词只能接动名词做宾语，如suggest, risk, look forward to 等；有些动词只接不定式做宾语，如seem, expect, want等；有些动词既可以接动名词又可以接不定式做宾语，如stop, remember, begin等，但句意稍有区别；有些动词可接动名词，且有主动表被动的作用，如want, need, require等。
非谓语动词解题三原则
非谓语动词解题三原则1、查看句子是否缺少谓语动词，以判断是否使用非谓语动词。
（高中学习中，一般情况下同一个句子不能出现两个谓语，如果句子有谓语则选择非谓语）2、判断语态，根据动作执行者和承受者来判断是使用主动还是被动语态）3、判断时态，根据动作的先后关系等，判断应该使用的时态。
高中英语语法非谓语动词解题技巧一. 非谓语动词的句子结构分析技巧1_____many times , but he still couldn't understand it . 2. _____many times , he still couldn't understand it .A.Having been toldB. ToldC. He was toldD. Though he had been told分析：句1. 用连词but 引导并列句子，因此，前面与后句一样也是个独立句子成分，故选C。
句2. 句中用逗号隔开,且无连词引导，因此，前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故选A，用非谓语动词作状语。
句子结构练习3. ______to the left , you'll find the post office .4. If you _____to the left , you'll find the post office .5. ______to the left , and you'll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned 答案ACC二. 非谓语动词的逻辑主语分析技巧确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。
非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。
非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。
若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。
First ____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced分析: 非谓语动词的逻辑主语是: these products, 与句子的主语一致, 故选B1._______no buses , we had to walk home.2. ______Sunday, I shall have a quiet day at home .A. There beingB. It wereC. There wereD. It being分析：句1. 表示“没有公共汽车”，应用“there be”结构，即逻辑主语是“there”，故选A 。
非谓语动词解题方法.
5. I have a lot of readings ________ before the end of this term. A．completing B．to complete C．completed D．being completed
【解析】 B 根据动词短语have sth. to do，且本句有时 间状语the end of this term，选B。
2.______ in thought， he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
解析:此题考查固定短语搭配 be lost in thought “陷入沉思 故选C. *与此相类似的短语还有： be interested in, be dressed in, be satisfied with, be married to sb, be determined to do
A 3. ________to the left , you'll find the post office . C 4. If you _______to the left , you'll find the post office . C 5. ________to the left , and you'll find the post office . A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned 句3：句中用逗号隔开，且无连词引导，因此，前面不是 句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故选A，用非谓语动词 作状语。 句4. 前面用if 引导从句，故选C ，构成从句谓语。 句5：用连词but 引导并列句子，因此，前面也是个独立 句子成分，故选C。
例析非谓语动词解题步骤
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非谓语动词之七大经典原则四大解题步骤一.非谓语动词的七大经典原则原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用现在分词原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与主句主语保持一致原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式1.When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight.A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained2. _____ this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs，175 g sugar and 175 g flour.A. Having madeB. MakeC. To makeD. Making原则二：用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.3.As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not_____，and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. Being moved4. He sat _____ to her ______ the stairs.A. to listen; to climbB. listening; to climbC. listening; climbD. listening; to climbing－ing形式作伴随状语与to do作目的状语的区别：作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。
1. Write to the editor, ________ that the editor would be able to help her．（hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there_________ on a big rock．( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night ,_________ a long speech. ( prepare )4. ___________ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是，一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。
不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。
5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day.A. to letB. lettingC. letD. having let6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_____ a record US$ 57. 65a barrel on April 4.A. have reachedB. reachingC. to reachD. to be reaching7.He hurried to the station, only ______ that the train had left.A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found8. He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。
但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _____.A. to be heardB. to have heardC. hearingD. being heard10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closedD. to open and close11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _____at the back of the classroom with his eyes_____upon her.A. seating; fixingB. to seat; fixingC.having seated; fixedD. seated; fixed原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应主句主语保持一致.12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_____.A. John has taken an extra jobB. the boss has given John an extra jobC. an extra job has been takenD. an extra job has been given to John13. While watching television，_____.A. the door bell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ringD. we heard the doorbell rings原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式（根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式）14._____ from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world.A.Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. to be separated15. The manager，_____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us，left the meeting room.A. who has madeB. having madeC. madeD. making16.—Li Ming is said ____ abroad. Do you know whathe studied in?country he will study in?he studies in?—Yes, In London.A. to have studiedB. to studyC. to be studyingD. to have been studying 原则七：用于名词后作定语时，原则是：用不定式，表示动作尚未发生;用-ing，表示动作正在进行;用过去分词，表示动作被动、完成。
17.There will be more than three hundred scientistsattending the meeting _____ the day after tomorrow.A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be held18. There are hundreds of visitors _____ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. wait19. “Things _____ never come again!”I couldn’t help talking to myself.A. lostB. losingC. to lostD. have lost20. —The last one _____ pays the meal.—Agreed!A. arrivedB. arrivesC. to arriveD. arriving二. 非谓语动词解题四大步骤（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”1.______many times , but he still couldn't understand it .2. ______many times , he still couldn't understand it .A. Having been toldB. Being toldC. He had been toldD. Though he was told3. ___a hot day, we’d better go swimming.4. ____ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.A.IsB. To beC. BeingD. It beingE. It wasF. Been（二）找逻辑主语非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。
1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party werefrom South Africa.4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。