综合英语3(上外第二版)课文主要单词讲解

Unit 1 Fresh Start（1）distinct a. clearly seen, heard, felt, understood, etc.; noticeablee.g.Now that the boss was no longer present, there was a distinct change in her attitude. The children have distinct memories of their grandfather in his last days. Comparison: distinct & distinctivedistinctive: It means having a special quality, character, or appearance that is different and easy to recognize.e.g.There is a distinct smell of beer in this room.distinct: Something that is distinct can clearly be seen, heard, smelled, etc.e.g.Beer has a very distinctive smell; it’s quite distinct from the smell of wine.（2）clutch vt. hold or graspvi. try to grasp or seizee.g.The frightened woman clutched her bags to her breast.He clutched at the rope we had thrown to him but could not reach it.Synonyms:seize, graspe.g.She seized my arm as she fell.grasp the essence / main points（3）glimpse n.1. a quick look at sb. or sth.e.g.I caught a glimpse of our new neighbor.2. a short experience of sth. that helps you begin to understand ite.g.Her worried face gave me a glimpse of her true feelings.她的忧伤表情使我感受到她内心的真实感情。

（4）reserve n. a quality in sb.’s character that make them not like expressing their emotions or talking about their problemse.g.Being a man of reserve, Mr. Y ork was never popular with his colleagues.Judy has tried every means to break through the reserve of her stepson. Derivation:reserved a.e.g.The English have a reputation for being reserved.（5）whereaboutsn. approximate locationad. used to ask in what general area sth. or sb. ise.g.The orphan’s whereabouts is / are still unknow n.The police have appealed for information concerning the whereabouts of the stolen car used in the robbery.Whereabouts did you grow up?（6）demeanor n. the way sb. behaves, dresses, speaks, etc. that shows what their character is likeHis demeanor was clam and steady. 他的举止沉着、稳健。

The girl has a quiet, modest demeanor. 这个女孩子的态度娴静而谦逊。

（7）scribble (down) v. write sth. quickly and untidilye.g.I scribbled his phone number in my address book.He scribbled down our names.（8）grope v.1. try to find sth. that you cannot see by feeling with your handse.g.Ginny groped for her glasses on the bedside table.Collocations:grope forgrope arounde.g.We groped around in the darkness.2. go somewhere by feeling the way with your handsbecause you cannot seee.g.I was groping my way blindly through the trees.Collocations:grope your way along / across, etc.（9）tip off give an advanced warning or hint toe.g.Somebody must have tipped the burglars off that the house would be empty.The police was tipped off about the robbery.（10）goody (pl. goodies) n.1. sth. that is nice to eate.g.We bought lots of goodies for the picnic.V ariant spelling:(British English) goodie2. sth. attractive, pleasant, or desirablee.g.The competition gives you the chance to win all sorts of goodies.（11）flail v. (cause sth. to) wave or swing about wildlye.g.I flailed my arms to get her attention.The baby’s feet flailed under the quilt.（12）rear end(informal) the part of your body which you sit on（13）sneak v.go somewhere secretly and quietly in order to avoid being seen or hearde.g.They sneaked off without paying!She snuck out of the house once her parents were asleep.Collocations:sneak in / out / away / offSynonym:creep（14）crunchy-chewy-salty-sweet biteWord formation:The four adjectives are chained up with hyphens to form a new modifier placed before a noun.Here the modifier “crunchy-chewy-salty-sweet” describes the texture and taste of the fast food, which is crunchy, chewy, salty and sweet.e.g.a red-hot news storyan all-round athlete（15）tiptoe v. walk quietly and carefully on your toes, so that nobody hears you e.g.His mother tiptoed into the room.I tiptoed along the corridor.Collocation:tiptoe around (sth.): try to avoid dealing with a difficult or embarrassing subject or probleme.g.They were tiptoeing around the delicate subject of money.（16）poor (old) soul used to show pity for sb.e.g.The poor old soul had fallen and broken her hip.（17）spaghettitagliatelle 意大利干面条a type of pasta that is cut into very long thin flat piecesspaghetti 意大利式细面条a type of pasta in very long thin pieces, that is cooked in boiling watermacaroni 通心粉a type of pasta in the shape of small tubes（18）go out to sb. go out to sb. used to say that someone feels a lot of sympathy towards another persone.g.His heart went out to Mrs. Bradshaw and her fatherless child.（19）grin v. show that you are very happy or pleased by smiling widely Collocation:grin from ear to ear: grin very widely（20）slink v. go or move in a quiet, stealthy way; move as if one feels guilty or ashamed, or does not want to be seene.g.She tried to slink (=sneak) out of the office so that nobody would see her.The cat slunk (=sneaked) through the grass toward its prey.（21）malicious a. very unkind and cruel, and deliberately behaving in a way that is likely to upset or hurt sb.e.g.a malicious remarkmalicious gossipDerivation：malice (n.): a desire to harm sb. because you hate theme.g.He did it through malice.I am quite certain that his wife bears malice to / towards / against (=feels continuing dislike for) me.（22）run with the crowdAn independent man, Peter never goes with the tide. 彼得是个有主见的人，从不随大流。