托福独立写作主体段写法技巧—双观点篇

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托福综合写作模板

托福综合写作模板

托福综合写作模板
托福综合写作模板(中文版):
第一段:引入
首先,引出综合写作的主题,并简单介绍该主题的重要性或争议性。

同时提供两个观点,即阐述正反两方对该主题的不同看法。

第二段:正方观点
首先,根据阅读材料介绍正方观点的理由和支持论据。

每个理由或论
据都应该扩展为一个独立的句子,并且要使用适当的例子、数据或者
研究结果来支撑观点。

第三段:反方观点
接下来,根据听力材料介绍反方观点的理由和支持论据。

同样,每个
理由或论据都应该成为一个独立的句子,并且要提供适当的例子、数
据或者研究结果来支持观点。

第四段:解决方案
在这一段,可以提出一个综合的解决方案,以平衡正反观点。

这个方
案可以是通过采取某些策略或措施来解决观点之间的冲突或平衡双方
的利益。

第五段:总结
总结以上观点,重申主题的重要性或争议性,并强调解决方案的优势。

最后,可以提出一个建议或展望,进一步发展该主题的研究或实践价值。

注意事项:
1. 尽量避免使用第一人称代词,例如"I think"或"We believe",而
应该使用一般性的表述,例如"It can be argued that"或"Some people contend that"等。

2. 使用适当的过渡词和连接词将每个段落连接起来,使整篇文章更连贯。

3. 避免出现拼写和语法错误,以及书面语与口语的混用。

学会这4种表达技巧 让托福独立口语的观点可以清楚阐述

学会这4种表达技巧 让托福独立口语的观点可以清楚阐述

学会这4种表达技巧让托福独立口语的观点可以清楚阐述就某一话题阐述自己的观点是托福口语部分的第一题和第二题的考试内容。

通常这类话题针对日常生活中常见的人事物,考生需要对其进行描述或表达自己的看法和观点。

此类题目更多的是考查考生的思维应对能力。

那么我们如何在托福口语考试中阐述自己的观点呢?下面是学习啦小编给大家带来的学会这4种表达技巧让托福独立口语的观点可以清楚阐述,供大家参考!学会这4种表达技巧让托福独立口语的观点可以清楚阐述1、尽量按照总分的结构进行叙述,单刀直入,这也是西方人习惯的表达方式。

由一句主题句引出观点与中心,让考官能够清晰地得知叙述的主题,从而打下良好的基础。

如果在考题中出现了问题,则应该开门见山地回答问题,切入主题,阐明自己的观点,从而为接下来的详细叙述理清层次以及节约时间,如果有多余的时间,则可以再增添一句总结的话语,使叙述详尽完整。

2、在叙述的过程中应该合理地利用逻辑词汇,这样使文章的逻辑顺畅,条理清晰。

中国人说话习惯靠上下文去分析句与句的关系,但是西方人不同,他们习惯用逻辑连接词来表达句子关系,如果按照中国人的思维去说英语,在外国人看来就是一堆杂乱无章的句子罗列,这样的分数常常会十分的不好看。

论点的叙述,则应该尽量在草稿上简单罗列,讲述时由浅至深,增强逻辑性与条理性。

所以,在练习口语的过程中,最好请一位外教跟踪辅导,为学生纠正口音以及语言习惯等问题。

3、在描述时,应该尽量将抽象的话语具体化,不能很空泛地喊口号做呼吁,这样常常收效甚微。

西方人习惯十分具体生动的描述,如描述环境很优美,不应该仅仅说“it's beautiful outside”,而可以去描述flower,tree,bird等细节,增强生动性。

4、面对十分概括的问题时,许多考生会觉得十分难以开口,只能让时间白白流失,痛失了分数。

针对这类问题,就应该将问题缩小到一个具体的事物进行叙述和讨论,缩小问题寻找突破口,这种方法也是所有宽泛问题的应对方式。

托福独立写作模板

托福独立写作模板

独立写作模板(一)支持反对型:给出一个论点,此论点不包括两种事物的比较,要求考生支持或反对并给出理由。

Question:Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?AAA.(表示题目中给出的观点)Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.表赞同的模板开头段:There exists one notion that ❶... (与AAA明显对立的观点或看法)However, another view is more reasonable and objective for me —❷... (AAA的观点或看法,不用题目中一样的句子,解释一下题目中的观点)The reasons why I agree with this view go as follow./My reasons and examples are given below.主体段:(一边倒)主体段1First of all, ❸...(支持AAA的第一个原因)... Just look at the case about ❹...(举例说明)...主体段2In addition, ❺... (支持AAA的第二个原因)... Take ... as an example. ❻... (举例说明)...主体段3Last, ❻...(支持AAA的第三个原因)... XXX is a good example to illustrate it. ❼... (举例说明)...结尾段:From the above discussion I firmly believe that ❽... (重申观点,不用与观点句一样的句子,要变化句型)表不赞同的模板开头段:There seems to me no need to put any emphasis on the advantages of AAA. ❶... (AAA明显的优势)Many people support this statement because ❷... (很多人支持此观点的原因)However, actually I disagree with the the view and believe that ❸...(AAA有缺点)主体段:(一边倒)主体段1On the one hand, the apparent disadvantage of AAA is ❹...(AAA的第一个缺点。

托福写作考试作文的格式要求

托福写作考试作文的格式要求

托福写作考试作文的格式要求宝子!托福写作考试作文格式有这么些讲究呢。

一、综合写作。

1. 开头部分。

一般就是简要介绍一下阅读文章和听力讲座的主题。

比如说,“The reading passage and the listening lecture are both about [topic name]. However, they have different views on it.”就这么直白地把事儿说清楚就行。

你可别整那些花里胡哨的大词儿来开场,简单明了是关键。

就像你跟朋友讲事儿一样,“哎,有个事儿,阅读和听力都在说呢,可看法不一样。

”2. 主体部分。

这部分要按照阅读和听力的对应点来写。

通常是一个阅读观点对应一个听力反驳(或者支持,不过反驳居多)。

你得写清楚阅读的观点是啥,然后紧接着说听力是咋回应这个观点的。

比如说,“The reading claims that [reading point]. But the listening argues that [listening point].”每段都这么个套路,就像搭积木一样,一块一块来。

而且段落之间可以用一些简单的连接词,像“First of all”“Secondly”“Finally”啥的,让文章看起来有条理。

3. 结尾部分。

结尾简单总结一下听力和阅读的关系就好。

比如说,“In conclusion, the listening completely contradicts the reading on these points.”不用长篇大论,把事儿说清就成。

二、独立写作。

1. 开头部分。

可以先引出话题。

比如题目是关于“要不要在学校里开设艺术课程”,你可以这么开头,“Hey, have you ever thought about whether art classes should be offered in schools? Well, this is a really hot topic.”然后表明自己的观点,像“I think art classes are definitely necessary in schools.”这里的观点要明确,就像你在跟小伙伴争论一件事,得让对方清楚知道你站在哪边。

托福独立写作,观点千万不要“一边倒”

托福独立写作,观点千万不要“一边倒”

托福独⽴写作,观点千万不要“⼀边倒”写好托福独⽴写作需要掌握⼀定的技巧,托福独⽴写作,观点千万不要“⼀边倒”是怎么⼀回事呢?想知道的话来看看这篇⽂章吧!托福独⽴写作,观点千万不要“⼀边倒”托福独⽴写作中,ETS ⼀般都会问“Do you agree or disagree with thefollowing statement A”。

⼀般来说,明确的观点可能就是“我同意A”或者“我反对A”。

⽽当写同意A 的⽂章时,肯定就要极⼒呈现A 的诸多优点;反之,当对A 持坚决反对的态度时,则会疯狂地列举出A 的种.种缺点。

虽然这两种写法都符合“中⼼论点明确”这个原则,却都过于极端,属于“⼀边倒”的情形。

事实上,⽣活中的事物都是较为复杂的。

有些事物具有两⾯性,优缺点并存,如科技可以提⾼⼈类的⽣活质量,但也会带来环境问题,进⽽降低⼈类的⽣活质量。

⽽有些事物本⾝是中性的,只代表客观情况,它们给⼈带来的或好或坏的影响完全取决于其他外部条件,如“电视给社会带来正⾯还是负⾯影响”这⼀话题。

要知道,电视本⾝是没有意识的,它不会主动地影响⼈们以⾄于社会,实际上在影响⼤众的是通过电视传播信息或内容的⼈。

启德考培产品中⼼总经理、启德国际教育规划院院⻓刘⽂勇说,“对于前者——具有两⾯性的事物,我们可以有所侧重地论述其中的⼀⾯,但是也要注意⽂章观点的完整性,不能为了重点突出它的优点⽽完全忽略它的缺点,或是为了强调它的缺点⽽从头到尾对它的优点只字不提,这种做法是不理智的。

”“⽽对于中性的事物,我们亦不可摒弃‘具体情况,具体分析’的原则,如果忽视其他影响因素和外部条件⽽简单地将其归类到或好或坏的⾏列都是不合适的。

事实上,写⽂章要严谨,⽽某物⼀定好或⼀定坏的⽚⾯⽂章显然是不够严谨的。

”如何才能同时做到“观点明确”且“严谨不极端”?刘⽂勇推荐“让步写法”和“居中写法”两种写作⽅式。

“⼀般情况下,当想要论述⼀个事物的优点⼤于其⾃⾝的缺点(或反之,缺点⼤于优点)时,或者当想要描述⼀个事物的优点/ 缺点⼤于另外⼀个事物的优点/ 缺点(两个事物进⾏⽐较)时,建议⼤家最好采⽤‘让步写法’。

托福toefl独立作文写作方法和模板整理.doc

托福toefl独立作文写作方法和模板整理.doc

托福toefl独立作文写作方法和模板整理toefl独立写作模板整理-个人整理1. toefl独立写作的基本要求是什么?独立写作在toefl中,位于最后一项考试内容,在综合写作之后。

要求考生在30分钟内就某一问题或者观点给出自己的想法和选择等,最少不少于300words(但是写到400字左右才有把握取得较好的分数)。

2. 独立写作框架是什么?从目前的整理的内容和在网上看到的内容来看,框架基本可以分为总-分-总的格式,基本分为5大段。

第一段:开头第二段:支持段落1第三段:支持段落2,如果还有其他观点,可以继续另起段落,写支持段落3第四段:让步段落+重申自己坚持的观点第五段:结尾、结论3. 独立写作的题型有哪些?从写作的基本内容来看,独立写作的题型基本可以归纳为两种。

一种是观点选择类,一种是比较对比类。

这两者可以转换。

观点选择类。

属于非强制比较的题型,即题目中并不要求考生对题目中的观点进行比较,但是也不禁止。

观点选择类的题型基本是给出两个对立的观点(如:你是否认为受过教育的人比没有受过教育的人更有可能成功?),或者一个观点的两个方面,要求你支持其中的一个观点或者方面。

比较对比类。

属于强制比较的题型。

即题目中明确要求进行观点比较。

比较对比类题型基本是给出两个观点或者一个观点的两个方面,然后要求考生就这两个观点或者一个观点的两个方面进行比较,并且要给出自己的观点和偏好。

二者的转化。

两种题型可以互相转化,但是为了更多的写字、凑字数,一般将“比较对比类”题型作为主要的题型,“观点选择类”题型转化为“比较对比类”来写。

即:若题目要求考生选择a观点或者b观点的时候,我们就可以说选择a,然后写a的两个优点,然后说b的一个优点,然后说a比b更好。

为什么说“比较对比类”更容易凑字数呢?很好理解,比较对比类的题型,我们不得不对两个观点都进行论述,理论上讲字数要多一些的,而“观点选择类”很容易就其中一个观点来写,假如一不小心考生没有那么多的想法,就很难凑够字数了。

托福独立写作模板句新版

托福独立写作模板句新版

模板句1. 首段重复他人观点( 下定义) + 自己观点+ 自己观点分支观点1. 重复他人观点:●It has been frequently remarked that●It cannot be doubted that●It is a known fact in human nature that●It is not a new observation that●It has more than once happened that●It is not difficult to discover that●It’s well known to us that ...●It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore that●It maybe asked, perhaps,…? The answer is obvious:●History informed us that●History teaches us that●Experience has instructed us that●We have heard...●To those who…, it could not appear surprising that●This is a topic that is being widely talked about.●In the new global economy, X has become a central issue for●In the history of …, X has been thought of as a key factor in●In recent years , thee has been an increasing interest in●Recently, people have shown an increased interest in●The past decade has seen a rapid increase in●Over the past century there has been a dramatic increase in●There was a time when we were told that●One of the most significant current discussions in X is●Over the past century there has been a dramatic increase in believing that ●X deserves to be considered as ( the most influential … )●Disputes have been all time been found….●Fruitful source of contention/ fertile resource of debate has proved that●There are dissimilar views among …, some of them…, others …1.1 下定义●It is necessary here to clarify exactly what is meant by●There is a need to explicit about exactly what is meant by the word X●The term X has come to be used to refer to●The term X is generally understood to mean●The term X has been applied to situations where●Generally, X can be defined as any stimulus that is●The broad use of the term X is sometimes equated with●In…, the term tends to be used to refer to●X can be defined as2. 自己观点同意●In my view●As far as I am concerned●Nothing is more evident than that●Nothing can be more evident than that●Many people think that, and I am in the same position●I am persuaded in my own mind that●I am clearly of opinion that●I cam convinced that●I believe, it may sagely be asserted that●It is worthy of remark that●To me it appears evident that●My argument will be open to all and may be judged of by all, that is●Referring the examination of…,it will be sufficient here to remark that● A mature consideration of the objects will justify a belief that反对:●I think it is in vain to say that●But it is not realistic that●Others like me, however, don’t think so●It is a matter both of wonder and regret that●It seems that X is questionable●One major drawback of this argument is that●How ever, when we think about in larger picture, it is clear that… can be damaging insome cases.●However, far too little attention has been paid to●The key problem with this statement is that●One of the limitations with this issue is that●Perhaps the most serious disadvantage of this method is that●But if we analyze it carefully, we will find that … is not always good.●It is sometimes asked.., it would be a full answer to this question to say that…, but,unfortunately for us, this question admits of a more particular answer3. 自己观点分论点:●There are no less than three advantages / disadvantages in … rendered below●So, in a very real sense, it would be wise to state/ argue/ claim that●In this essay, I will give you an examp le of the …●I prefer to think that... is the most important skill for almost every person; there aremany reasons to support my view.●Wondering why? After thinking about the lifestyle of those people, the reason goes asfollows.●There are several benefits of doing sth. First, … another benefit is that … and it alsocan2. 中间段分支观点1 + 高调重复+ 理由+ 解释理由的原因+ 小总结11. 分支观点表述首先,其次,再次●first, second, third●first of all / to begin with, after…/ shortly after首先●It would be of use to begin by examining that….●X is the leading cause of●Among the advantages promised by…, none deserves to be more.. than●We may with propriety consider that●其次● A second observation to be made is that●At the same time it is true to say that●It should also be emphasized that●It should also be noted that●Mention should also be made to state that再次● A third and still important consideration is that●Another possibility is that2. 高调重复●It is not yet forgotten that●It certainly would not be wise to … without●It is well worthy of consideration that●It cannot be doubted that●It is not difficult to discover that●Experience has instructed us that●History has teaches us that●There was a time when we were told that●In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in●In reviewing…, several of the most important principles fell of course underconsideration●Over the past century there has been a dramatic increase in●Nothing is more certain than the…, and it is equally undeniable that●Nothing can be more evident than that●If this remark is just, it becomes useful to inquirewhether●To those who…, it could not appear surprising that●To reason from the past to the future, we shall have good ground to conclude that●When we consider that…, we shall see no reason to doubt…●Recent developments in X have heightened the need for●Recent developments in the field of X have led to a renewed interest in●The past decade have seen increasingly rapid advances in the field of3. 理由●陈述理由10种方法原引例假步,驳绎对类条•原因:解释原因•引言:引用名人引言,自己编的合理的话•举例:编一个支持SS的合理的小故事•假设:supp ose/ imagine/ if…用一个相反的场面把论述的观点描述出来•步骤:分析步骤, 时间顺序,从古到今•驳斥:直驳法。

托福写作开头怎样用两方观点描述

托福写作开头怎样用两方观点描述

托福写作开头怎样用两方观点描述托福写作一个很大的部分就是开头的好坏,先不论托福综合写作模板中的一些写法,学生们托福写作开头中怎样陈述两房观点呢?下面是小编给大家带来的托福写作开头怎样用两方观点描述,希望能帮到大家!托福写作开头怎样用两方观点描述那么我们都知道,一篇较好的托福作文需要字数达到400-450左右,然而我们的规定时间只有短短的30分钟,可想而知,托福写作的字数压力还是比较大的。

所以我们建议,开头段不应该占据太多时间,我们应该多留一些时间给后面主体段的扩展,让文章更加充实。

通常开头段的要求是字数在70-100词左右,时间控制在3-5分钟。

不排除有些学生拿到题目就能文思泉涌的敲出一篇开头,但是对于大多数学生来说,紧张的时间再加上紧张的情绪,在开头段就会卡壳。

那么针对这大多数的情况,我们有没有什么解决办法呢?今天,我们就介绍一种比较好用的适用于开头的托福综合写作模版,这种方法有个专业的名字叫做“背景争议法”。

既然名字都叫背景争议了,那么大家猜猜看,这个方法大致能分为几个部分呢?首先是背景,何谓背景,也是就一种引入话题的高超技术;其次是争议,什么叫争议,也就是你同意我不同意,这个部分就是正反方观点;最后,再回到我们所强调的开头的主要任务,最重要的是表明自己的立场。

那么总结来说,背景争议法的三要素就是背景、正反方观点和个人观点。

那么接下来我们用一个题目来看看,这种方法要怎么使用。

Do you agree or disagree: money is the most important aspect in a job?首先拿到这个题目,我们可以看到要谈论的是钱对于工作的重要性,那么在开头段我们要如何引入话题呢?我们可以这样写:In contemporary society, it has become a hot issue that whether money is the most important aspect in a job. People’sopinions about it vary from person to person.“在现代社会,钱到底是不是工作中最重要的部分,这个话题引起了大家的热烈讨论,大家的观点各不相同”。

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托福独立写作主体段写法技巧—双观点篇Topic 2008.11.9
Movies and TV have more positive effects than negative effects on young people’s behavior.
电影电视对于青少年行为的影响利大于弊。

题目中明显要求就电视的优点以及缺点实行比较,我们暂且用A、B表示两个不同观点
1.A+A+B
双关的写作的第一种写法是使用两个正向的论点去支撑A,再用一个论点去支持B,因为A的优势更大一些,所以最终得出A更合适的结果。

Topic 2008.11.9
Movies and TV have more positive effects than negative effects on young people’s behavior.
电影电视对于青少年行为的影响利大于弊。

Agree:
The positive influence outweighs their negative effects.
Large quantities of motion pictures (movies) about encouragement strengthen young generation’s willpower to chase dreams with determination.
Influenced by a number of interesting TV programs, young people begin to learn things that they used to feel boring.
Admittedly, we should not ignore that there are some
violent plots which tend to result in teenage crimes.However, this kind of movie makes up only a small section of products
in film industry and is under the strict control of government. Therefore, its influence is quite limited.
我们能够看到,在这种写法中,我们所支持的观点为电影电视是
利大于弊的。

前两个理由我们先正向抛出两个论点说明为什么它们对
青年人的影响利大于弊,最后一个分论点我们写让步段,先承认它们
的确有可能对青年人行为产生错误的引导,但是其后又对这些错误影
响做一些补充,因为有负面影响的节目仅仅整个电影市场的一小部分,不能够以偏概全,断章取义。

2.A+A-B
我们介绍的第二种写法是,先用两个正向的论点支持A,再用一个论点去反对B,最终得出A更适合的结果。

Topic: Some people argue that the government should not spend money on public services and facilities, but on arts.
有一部分人认为政府应该花更多的钱在公共服务和基础设施上,
而非艺术上。

Public facilities, widely accepted as the main foundation to a city’s development, s hould be one of the highest priorities.
In addition to social benefits, there are a great number
of economic merits that …
Arts is a key component of culture and naturally passed down from one generation to generation, while public
facilities require the spending of government to survive.
这种让步段写法是分解了公共基础设施以及艺术的基本特征,艺术是一种自然流传的形式,千百年来优秀的书法、绘画、音乐、文学作品得以传世靠的不是*的支持,而是源于它的本质,所以才被历史所选择。

相比之下,公共基础设施相形见绌,试想如果政府没有资金投入,它是不可能维持下去的。

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