时态、语态和主谓一致
在时更加委婉、客气。
I wondered if you could do me a favour. 我不知道你能否帮我一个忙。
时态
栏目索引
3)used to+动词原形,表示过去的习惯性动作但现在已经不再发生了。 We used to spend our vacation in the mountains. 我们以前常常在山里度假。(暗示现在不再在山里度假了) 3.一般将来时 (1)一般将来时的构成 1)shall+动词原形(第一人称) 2)will+动词原形(各种人称) (2)一般将来时的用法
一般将来时除了可以表示将来的动作或状态外,还有下列用法:
1)will+动词原形 ①will可用来表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势。 Fish will die without water.离开水,鱼就会死。
时态
栏目索引
②will表示将来,有时含偶然性、临时性决定的意思。 —Do you know Mr.Smith has come to our town? —No.I will go and visit him right now. ——你知道史密斯先生来我们镇了吗? ——不知道。我现在就去看他。 2)be going to+动词原形 “be going to+动词原形”多用在口语中,表示“计划、打算要做某 事”,此外,be going to还可表示根据现在的迹象对未来进行推断。
Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。
2.一般过去时 (1)一般过去时的构成
1)一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。
2)was用于第一、三人称单数,were用于其他人称。 3)注意以元音字母加y结尾的动词,一般直接加-ed,如:play→played。 (2)一般过去时的用法
时态
栏目索引
一般过去时除了可以表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态外,还有下 列用法: 1)want,hope,think,intend等动词的一般过去时往往表示“过去原……” 之意。 I thought he was an honest man.我原以为他是个老实人。 He didn’t intend to hurt you. 他没打算伤害你。 2)wonder的一般过去时有时也可表示现在的行为,但口气要比用一般现
时态Biblioteka 栏目索引2.—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right.I will call (call) him later. 答案 will call 句意:——Jackson博士现在不在办公室。——好的。 我稍后给他打电话。本题考查动词时态。根据对话中的later一词可知 用一般将来时。 3.(2017江西九江一中第一次月考) This city never sleeps (sleep).
本专题考点
考点一 考点二 考点三 时态 语态 主谓一致
时态
栏目索引
考点清单
考点一
一、动词时态的一般体
语境运用
单句填空 1.(2017全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more
时态
fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 答案 is 题干描述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时,结合主语可知,is符 合题意。故空格处填is。
栏目索引
专题五
时态、语态和主谓一致
考向分析
栏目索引
考向分析
动词的时态、语态和主谓一致是高考的重点考点,有的试题单独考查的
是某种时态的用法,如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时等,而有 的试题会把时态和语态、时态和主谓一致融合起来进行考查,也有的试 题综合性很强,会把时态、语态和主谓一致三个考点融合在一个小题中 进行考查。
下两种用法:
1)表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。此用法即使出现在过去语境 中,也用一般现在时。
时态
栏目索引
The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 2)用于here,there开头的倒装句中,一般现在时表示现在正在发生的动作 或存在的状态。 There goes the bell.铃响了。
He is going to speak on TV this evening.
他今晚要在电视上讲话。 Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain. 看这些乌云,要下雨了。
时态
栏目索引
注意:was going to还可表示“过去本打算做某事,但未做”的意思。 —Tom,you didn������ t come to the party last night? —I was going to,but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. ——汤姆,你昨天晚上没来参加聚会吗? ——我本打算要来的,但是我突然记起来我有作业要做。 3)be about to+动词原形/be on the point of+动名词 “be about to+动词原形”及“be on the point of+动名词”表示“立即 的将来(immediate future)”,因此,这两种结构不与表示将来的具体时间
改为spent。
时态
栏目索引
用法精讲
1.一般现在时
(1)一般现在时的构成
1)一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示,如果主语为第三人称单数,则一 般在动词原形后加 -s或 -es。 2)be的变化:am,is,are。 3)have的变化:has,have。 (2)一般现在时的用法 一般现在时除了可以表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或状态外,还有以
答案 sleeps 句意:这个城市是个不夜城。本句介绍的是该城市现在 的特征,故用一般现在时。主语this city为单数第三人称,故设空处填
sleeps。
时态
栏目索引
单句改错 4.(2017江西红色七校二联)We spend a few hours digging holes and planting the young seedlings, and then we wrote our wishes on cards one by one and buried them under the roots of the trees. spend→spent 答案 spend→spent 句意:我们花了几个小时挖坑,种幼苗。然后我们 一个接一个地将我们的愿望写在卡片上并将它们埋在树根下面。根据 “wrote”,“buried”可知spend发生在过去,需用一般过去时,故将spend
【高考英语一轮复习】第一讲 谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
动词突破篇动词(短语)表示主语的动作、存在、变化或态度。
动词按照动词的意义可以分为实义动词、情态动词、系动词、助动词。
第一讲谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。
动词时态考查虽多，但考向非常集中，最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时，其次是现在完成时，其他时态考查相对较少。
因此备考重点是：①动词时态的基本用法②动词语态的基本用法③主谓一致动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)1.一般时态(1)一般现在时①表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
②表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。
③在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time.有时间我会写信给她。
(2)一般过去时①表示过去发生的一次性或习惯性动作或状态。
We often played basketball together.我们(过去)经常在一起打篮球。
②时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。
He said he would tell her the news as soon as he met her.他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
单句语法填空①The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ语法填空)②The unmanned Chang’e－4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—touched (touch) down last week in the South Pole－Aitken basin.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)③When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed (point) down the river.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)④New methods meant__(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)⑤While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)⑥Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school comes (come) first.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.”(全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)2．进行时态(1)现在进行时(am/is/are＋现在分词)①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
46_专题六 时态、语态和主谓一致
考点清单 栏目索引
考点清单
一、动词时态的一般体
考点一 时态
语境运用 单句填空 1.(2018课标全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that be-
tween 2005—when the government started (start)a soil-testing pro-
答案 meant 句意:大猩猩确实有不好斗的本性,那只巨大的动物并不 是真的要伤害我。本题考查时态。根据下文可知,本空用一般过去时, 故填meant。
3.—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment. —All right.I will call (call) him later.
或存在的状态。
There goes the bell.铃响了。
考点清单 栏目索引
2.一般过去时 (1)一般过去时的构成 1)一般过去时用动词的过去式表示。 2)was用于第一、三人称单数,were用于其他人称。 3)注意以元音字母加y结尾的动词,一般直接加-ed,如:play→played。 (2)一般过去时的用法 一般过去时除了可以表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作或状态外,还有下 列用法:
栏目索引
专题六 时态、语态和主谓一致
栏目索引
考向分析 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致是高考的重点考点,有的试题单独考查的 是某种时态的用法,如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时等,而有的试题 会把时态和语态、时态和主谓一致融合起来进行考查,也有的试题综合性很 强,会把时态、语态和主谓一致三个考点融合在一个小题中进行考查。
考点清单 栏目索引
注意:was going to还可表示“过去本打算做某事,但未做”的意思。 —Tom,you didn't come to the party last night? —I was going to,but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. ——汤姆,你昨天晚上没来参加聚会吗? ——我本打算要来的,但是我突然记起来我有作业要做。
动词时态、语态和主谓一致+讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习
动词时态、语态和主谓一致高三英语一轮复习考点剖析-动词时态、语态和主谓一致考点一：考查过去进行时例1．I first met Lily five years ago. She ________ (work) as a nurse in a hospital at the time.【答案】was working【解析】考查时态。
句意：我五年前第一次见到莉莉。
她当时正在一所医院里做护士。
根据句意和时间状语at the time 可知，这里用过去进行时，强调过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，主语为she，谓语用单数。
故填was working。
考点二：考查一般过去时例2．He picked up his book and ________ reading even though it was already midnight. (continuous)【答案】continued【解析】考查时态。
句意：他拿起书继续阅读，尽管已经是午夜了。
所给单词continuous是形容词，表示“持续的”，分析句子机构，空处与picked并列作谓语，应用动词continue，表示“继续”，根据picked使用过去式形式可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词应用过去式形式continued。
故填continued。
考点三：考查现在进行时例3．—Hi, Jessy. Why are you going to work on foot today?—Well, my car ________. (repair)【答案】is being repaired【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意：——你好，杰西。
你今天为什么要步行去上班？——嗯，我的车正在修理。
根据句意提到步行上班可知，此处表示：车在修理中，时态用现在进行时，主语my car与repair(修理)之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。
主语my car为单数，be动词用is。
考点四：考查现在完成时例4．The city ________ (recognize) as the musical capital of Europe since the 16th century, home to the likes of Mozart and Beethoven.【答案】has been recognized【解析】考查时态语态。
高考英语二轮总复习 核心语法必备 专题一 谓语动词(动词的时态、语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)
cook, draw等, 常与well, easily,
这件衬衫不好洗。
smoothly等副词连用
open, close, lock, move, keep等动词常 The drawer won't lock.
与won't, can't, wouldn't 连用
这个抽屉锁不上。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
意义 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, company, population, 单
一致 enemy, party, crew, audience, committee, government, majority, 复
原则 group等强调整体时谓语动词用单数, 指个体成员时谓语动词用 数
代词
单个的动词-ing形式、动词不定式或主语从句
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
原则
主语
谓语
由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念
有生命的集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词, 如goods,
stairs,
arms等
复数
山脉、群岛、瀑布等以-s结尾的专有名词
重点三 主谓一致3原则
原则
主语
谓语
语法 单数
单数
一致 原则
复数
复数
就近 一致 原则
由or, either... or..., neither... nor...,
not only... but (also)..., not... but... 等连接
与最近的主语在单复数上 保持一致
新高考英语真题分项汇编专题：动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(解析版)
专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致1.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.【答案】wished【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
2.（2023年浙江卷1月）Citizens of higher social classes (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles.【答案】were permitted【详解】考查动词的被动语态。
句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。
分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。
故填were permitted。
3. （2023年浙江卷1月）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often______ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).【答案】featured【详解】考查动词时态。
句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。
分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。
故填featured。
1.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ________ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.【答案】were【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。
高中英语 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致精讲
（3）表示人的“观点” “看法” “建议” “态 度” “评价”等词、“活动的目的”以及客观 事实时，常用一般现在时。
A good medicine __t_a_s_te_s__(taste) bitter. Our geography teacher told us that the earth __g_o_es_(go) around the sun.
2
（2）用于状语从句代替一般将来时 在when , as soon as , before , after , until , if 等引 导的时间状语或条件状语从句，谓语动词是将来 时通常用一般现在时代替。 “主将从现”
If he succeeds(succeed), he will be the hero of human beings.
Terry and his wife were tidying up their new home busilyw_h_e_n_ the light suddenly went out.
I was about to go out w__h_e_n the telephone rang.
9
6.现在完成时 构成形式： 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词
4
2.一般过去时 构成形式 did
表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态.
注意：一般过去时往往和明确的过去时间状语连 用.如: yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, in 1996, the other day也常和when, if 等 引导的状语从句连用.
10
So far, it has turned (turn) the most influential student activity in the world.
2020届高考英语小题狂练1：时态、语态及主谓一致单句填空+语法填空
2020届高考英语小题狂练1：时态、语态及主谓一致单句填空+语法填空技巧点拨当句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。
此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态。
具体解题技巧如下：第一步：确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语，如缺谓语动词，则填谓语动词。
第二步：根据语境确定时态。
第三步：观察主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。
第四步：要注意主谓一致。
常考考点小题狂练1.【2019·全国I卷】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ______ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2.【2019·全国I卷】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ______ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements3.【2019·全国 II卷】I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ______(make) over the years.4.【2019·浙江卷】When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody_____ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).5.【2019·浙江卷】 One study in America found that students' grades ______ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.6. 【2018·全国卷I I】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _____（grow）more corn than rice.7. In US high school, everything (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations.8. As you go through this book, you ________ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.9. Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I ________ (leave) my book in the cafe.10. Shirley ________ (write) a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.11. It was the second time that we _____ (see) her.12. Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom____ (attract) thousands of visitors during the past years.13. At this time tomorrow we_________ _ (fly) over the Atlantic Ocean.14. The father as well as his three children ____________ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.15. Engineers (set) up over 15,000 sensors (传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web.16. The treatment continued and finally the deep, bloody pain ______ (be) 100% healed.直击考题passage1“extreme sports”, which we might have seen on a magazine or a website, 1 (be) becoming more and more common as the concept of extreme sports gains 2 (popular). But what are extreme sports on earth?During the 1970s and 1980s, the term was used for sports with high risks 3 (involve). Today, however, the sports also include activities that give a feeling of adventure without 4 (necessary) putting a participant’s life in danger. For every extreme sport, there is professional equipment that has been developed 5 (protect) your body, improve your performance and give you 6 advantage in the competition.Extreme sports cover a wide range. Some 7 (develop) from familiar activities so far, like mountain biking, climbing and drag race. Some may not be well known. For instance, bouldering is a kind of rock climbing 8 no rope is used. 9 usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing center.Nowadays, such sports have become more popular 10 young people all over the world than ever before.passage2medieval cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris, one of France's 1 (famous) landmarks. Thousands of people gathered in the streets around the cathedral, watching the flames in silence, some of 2 could be seen crying. Watching such a symbol of French culture burnt and its spire destroyed is extremely 3 (shock) to any French person.No other site represents France like Notre-Dame, which 4 (receive) almost 13 million visitors each year, more than the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower, is a little more than a century old 5 Notre-Dame has stood tall above Paris 6 1200s. It has given its name to one of the country’s literal 7 (masterpiece). Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre-Dame is known 8 me French simply as Notre-Dame de Paris．The three large rose windows 9 (destroy) by the fire. 10 (fortunate), the main structure, including the two bell towers, has been saved. Also, the most valuable cultural relics have survived the fire. The last time the cathedral suffered major damage was during the French Revolution. It survived two world wars largely in good condition.passage3【2019-2020年吉林省长春市普通高中高三上学期质量监测（一）】Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme___1___ (carry) out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.The service comes after___2___recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai. Individuals ___3___throw away their garbage without being sorted out can be fined up to 200 yuan, while companies and ___4___ (organize) can face fines up to 50,000 yuan.The trash takeaway service requires residents to sort ___5___ (they) own garbage before it ___6___ (pick) up by workers from Eleme, who will ensure the waste is disposed of in the correct garbage bins.It’s obvious that this service is ___7___ (convenience) to the old, especiallyto the disabled customers. ___8___, many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service, saying it just wants ___9___ (make) money. They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides, many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing ___10___the trash.1.【答案】are【解析】考查主谓一致。
谓语动词(时态语态、主谓一致、情态动词和虚拟语气)课件：2022届高考英语二轮复习
定
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提示
①主语后接介词短语或其他插入语, 如with, together with, as well as, along with, besides, like, but, except, including, rather than等, 谓语动词的人称和 数与主语的人称和数保持一致。
He told me he
(read) an
从句仍用一般过去时
interesting novel last night.
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考点3 现在完成时(have/has+动词过去分词) 用法
例句
表示过去发生或已经完成的动作 对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与
already, yet, ever, never, in the past + 时间段等连用
arrive, leave, start, return, and Friday. begin, come, take off 等动词 (短语)
用在时间、条件或让步状语 When I grow up, I will be a nurse and look 从句中, 用一般现在时表将 after patients. 来。
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ed to/be used to (1)used to表示 “过去常常”, 没有人称和数的变化, 可以与过去的时间状语 连用, 其否定形式为usedn't to 或 didn't use to, 其一般疑问句形式将used 提到主语前或用e to...形式。 (2)be used to多用来表示 “习惯于”, to是介词, 其后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。
专四语法之时态、语态和主谓一致
第六节时态、语态和主谓一致一、时态（tense）1.动态动词与静态动词1)英语主动词按词汇意义可分为动态动词（dynamic verb）和静态动词(stative verb),绝大多数主动词是动态动词。
静态动词是表示静止状态的动词，通常用于非进行体。
2.时态的其他高频考点1)“主将从现”---在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，若主句是一般将来时，那么从句用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。
2)现在进行时表将来通常含有“意图、安排、打算”等意思，通常用于表示最近或较近的将来，所用动词常表示位置的移动，如go, come, leave, start, move, sail, arrive, fly等。
3)现在进行时跟频度副词always, continually, constantly, forever等连用，一般用于描述经常发生或具有持续性的事情，通常也透露出不满或抱怨的情绪等。
4)Be表示状态时，不能用于进行时，但是当它和某些表示动作意义的形容词连用，表示此时此刻的情况时可用进行时。
常用的此类形容词有：afraid, active, brave, careful, friendly, helpful, serious, stupid等。
5)一般过去时主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态。
一般过去时还可用在特定句型中表示现在时间和将来时间，表示委婉语气，这一用法仅限want, wonder, hope, think 等少数几个动词。
6)将来进行时表示的是在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常表示安排好的事，给人一种期待之感。
也可表示预料不久要发生的动作，由shall/will+ be+ v.-ing构成。
7)将来完成时表示将来某时刻之前或某一行为发生之前所完成的动作，也可用于在谈及未来的假设和可能的推测时。
由will/ shall+ have+过去分词构成。
8)现在完成进行时，用来表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到说话时还在继续或刚刚结束，由have/ has+ been+ v.-ing构成。
题型11 语法填空有提示词：谓语动词时态、语态和主谓一致(答题模版与解题技巧)-备战2024年高考
题型11 语法填空谓语动词考点解读英语时态在新高考中重点考查的有一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在进行时、一般将来时。
时态经常和语态、主谓一致同时考查，这样就增加了考试的难度。
判断技巧解题的难点：在于判断设空处属于谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
若句中无谓语动词，或虽然有谓语动词，但设空处谓语动词与之构成并列关系，既有并列连词and, but, or等，则考虑设空处做谓语。
解题的重点：在判断句子的时态时一定要看准时间状语和表示时间概念的副词（短语）。
【典例1】(2023年新高考英语全国Ⅱ卷) As a little girl, I _______ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.【答案】wished【模板】按照一般过去时的时间状语使用模板可知。
【解析】考查动词时态。
句意：在我还是一个小女孩时，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
根据从句中的时态来判断，这里也应该用过去时。
故填wished。
【典例2】（广东省新高考高中联合质量测评省级联考10月试题）Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and (attack) in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk. 【答案】was attacked【模板】1.按照模板时态第2条并列关系可知时态。
2.根据语境确定主语应当是“被攻击”，故被动语态；【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。
句意：她在土耳其露营时听到枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里遭到袭击。
句子在描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语she是单数第三人称，和谓语动词attack之间是被动关系，是一般过去时的被动语态。
故填was attacked。
【典例3】（江苏省南京外国语学校2023-2024学年高三试题）Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China (add) to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.【答案】were added【模板】1.根据时态模板第一条时态标志词last November确定时态。