HYSPLIT功能简介和使用说明汇总
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用

02
Hysplit模式概述
定义与特点
定义
Hysplit模式是一种基于混合流体的分 离技术,通过将两种或多种流体混合, 利用它们之间的物理或化学性质差异, 实现不同组分的分离。
特点
Hysplit模式具有高效、节能、环保等 优点,适用于多种分离需求,如气体 分离、液体分离、固液分离等。
工作原理
物理分离
自定义地图
可以使用自定义地图进行模拟,以满 足特定需求。
注意事项
确保输入正确的参
数
在输入模拟参数时,要确保所有 参数的正确性,否则可能导致模 拟结果不准确。
合理设置高度和速
度
在调整模拟参数时,要合理设置 高度和速度等参数,以保证模拟 结果的可靠性。
注意软件更新
Hysplit软件会不断更新以修复漏 洞和提高性能,建议定期检查软 件更新情况并进行升级。
使用方法
基本操作
创建新的模拟任务
点击菜单栏中的“文件”选项, 选择“新建”创建一个新的模拟 任务。
输入模拟参数
在弹出的对话框中输入模拟任务 的参数,如起始地点、目标地点、 时间范围等。
开始模拟
点击“开始”按钮,Hysplit将根 据输入的参数进行模拟。
打开Hysplit软件
双击桌面上的Hysplit图标,打开 软件界面。
VS
在众多气象模式中,Hybrid Weather and Precipitation Simulation (Hysplit) 模式因其独特 的模拟方法和广泛的应用领域而备受 关注。
Hysplit模式的意义
提高气象预报的准确 性和精细化程度
Hysplit模式通过引入混合物理过 程参数化方案,提高了对复杂气 象现象的模拟能力,为气象预报 提供了更准确、更精细的结果。
第2章 Hysys软件的使用介绍

类型
单元操作
·调节(Adjust) / ·平衡(Balance) 逻辑操作 (Logicals) ·原油转换(Black Oil Translator) ·Boolean And / ·Boolean CountDown ·Boolean CountUp / ·Boolean Latch ·Boolean Not / ·Boolean OffDly ·Boolean OnDly / ·Boolean Or / ·Boolean XOr ·因果矩阵表(Cause And Effect Matrix) ·数字控制点(Digital Control Point) ·DMCplus 控制器(DMCplus Controller) ·PROFIT 控制器(PROFIT Controller) ·MPC 控制器(MPC Controller) ·参数模型单元(Parametric Unit Operation) ·PID 控制器(PID Controller) / ·比率控制器(Ratio Controller) ·循环(Recycle) / ·选择器(Selector Block) ·变量设置(Set) / ·电子数据表(Spreadsheet) ·分离范围控制器(Split Range Controller) ·物流切割(Stream Cutter)/ ·调压控制器(Surge Controller) ·传递功能模块(Transfer Function Block)
表页的功能
• 当你选择了表页上的一个域(在域中单击鼠 标左键),窗口底部的提示区域给你有关该域 的信息 • 在域中的下箭头上单击,产生该域可能输入 值的列表 • 输入一个字母将在列表上产生以该字母开始 的下一个选择 • Tab 键将带你到表页的下一个域
HYSPLIT后向轨迹模式应用

欧拉方法 vs. 拉格朗日方法
特征:
采用平流扩散方程; 所有格点上均需要求解偏微分方程 扩散过程是浓度梯度的函数 适合于多污染源、多化学转化 对于点源会引入虚假扩散
特征:
在粒子路径上求解方程 只需要计算粒子周围格点 适合于点源模拟 多点源模拟会大大影响计算效率
拉格朗日烟团模型 vs. 拉格朗日粒子模型
HYSPLIT扩散轨迹计算方法
HSYPLIT中假定质点的轨迹是随着风场而运动的,轨迹是质点在空间和时间上的积分。质点 所在位置的矢量速度在时间和空间上都是线性插值得出的,其具体计算公式如下: P'(t+ Δ t) = P(t) + V(P,t) Δt P(t+Δt) = P(t) + 0.5 [ V( P,t) + V(P',t+Δt) ] Δt 其中下时刻指点的位置是由上一时刻的平均速度和第一猜值所在点的速度平均后与时间步 长的乘积而得到的。 其中积分时间步长是变化的(1分钟 – 1小时),满足如下公式: Umax (grid‐units min‐1)Δt (min) < 0.75 (grid‐units),
3D Particle Distribution
Top-hat Puff Center Positions
HYSPLIT模式的应用
Draxler, R.R., and G.D. Hess, 1998, An overview of the HYSPLIT_4 modelling system for trajectories, dispersion, and deposition. Australian Meteorological Magazine, 47: 295‐308. • 轨迹模拟 – – – • 沙尘模拟 – – Wang, Y.Q., Stein, A.F., Draxler, R.R., Rosa, J.D.d.l. and Zhang, X.Y., 2011. Global sand and dust storms in 2008: Observation and HYSPLIT model verification. Atmospheric Environment, 45(35): 6368‐6381. Escudero, M., A. Stein, R. R. Draxler, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, S. Castillo, and A. Avila (2006), Determination of the contribution of northern Africa dust source areas to PM10 concentrations over the central Iberian Peninsula using the Hybrid Single‐Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) model, , J. Geophys. Res.,, 111, D06210, doi:10.1029/2005JD006395. Draxler, R.R., D.A. Gillette, J.S. Kirkpatrick, and J. Heller, 2001, Estimating PM10 air concentrations from dust storms in Iraq, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia, Atm. Environ., 35, 4315‐4330. Rolph, G.D., R.R. Draxler, and R.G. de Pena, 1992, Modeling sulfur concentrations and depositions in the United States during ANATEX. Atmos. Environ., 26A:73‐93. Stein, A.F., D. Lamb, and R.R. Draxler, 2000, Incorporation of detailed chemistry into a three‐dimensional Lagrangian‐Eulerian hybrid model: application to regional tropospheric ozone, Atm. Environ., 34, 4361‐4372. Draxler, R.R. 2000, Meteorological Factors of Ozone Predictability at Houston, Texas, J. Air and Waste Management Assoc., 50: 259‐271. Stein, A.F., V. Isakov, J. Godowitch, R.R. Draxler (2007),A hybrid modeling approach to resolve pollutant concentrations in an urban area, Atmospheric Environment 41:9410‐9426. Stunder, B.J.B., J.L. Heffter, R.R. Draxler (2007), Airborne Volcanic Ash Forecast Area Reliability, Weather and Forecasting, 22:1132‐1139, DOI: 10.1175/WAF1042.1 Glenn D. Rolph, Roland R. Draxler, Ariel F. Stein, Albion Taylor, Mark G. Ruminski, Shobha Kondragunta, Jian Zeng, Ho‐Chun Huang, Geoffrey Manikin, Jeffery T. McQueen, and Paula M. Davidson (2009), Description and Verification of the NOAA Smoke Forecasting System: The 2007 Fire Season Weather and Forecasting, 24:361‐378, DOI: 10.1175/2008WAF2222165.1 Cohen, M., R. Artz, R. Draxler. 2007 NOAA Report to Congress: Mercury Contamination in the Great Lakes. Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring MD. Submitted to Congress on May 14, 2007. 162 pages. Cohen,M., Artz,R., Draxler,R., Miller,P., Poissant,L., Niemi,D., Ratte,D., Deslauriers,M., Duval,R., Laurin,R., Slotnick,J., Nettesheim,T., and McDonald,J., 2004, Modeling the atmospheric transport and deposition of mercury to the Great Lakes, Environmental Research, 95, 247‐265. Draxler, R.R., 1991, The accuracy of trajectories during ANATEX calculated using dynamic model analyses versus rawinsonde observations. J. Appl. Meteorol. 30:1446‐1467. Draxler, R.R., R. Dietz, R.J. Lagomarsino, and G. Start, 1991, Across North America Tracer Experiment (ANATEX): Sampling and analysis. Atmos. Environ. 25A:2815‐2836. Draxler, R.R., 1979, Modeling the results of two recent mesoscale dispersion experiments. Atmos. Environ. 13:1523‐1533.
利用Hysplit模式探究长江三角洲冬春季霾的来源及其成因

1引言长江三角洲北起通扬运河,南抵钱塘江、杭州湾,西至南京以西,东到海边,包括上海市全部,江苏省南部、浙江省中北部,面积约5万km 2,是中国第一大经济区。
霾,是悬浮在大气中的大量微小尘粒、烟粒或盐粒的集合体使空气浑浊、水平能见度降低到10km 以下的一种大气现象[1]。
它除了使城市能见度恶化还严重影响了长江三角洲海陆空交通运输。
不仅如此,霾还引发了诸如环境、健康、生态等深层次的问题。
因此,研究长三角霾来源即影响因素不仅为霾的监测、评估、预警及应对的指标体系提供了科学、有效的依据,也进一步保障了广大人民的健康与城市的可持续发展。
1.1研究背景和意义根据中国环保部2013年发表的的空气质量状况调查报告[2],长三角区域共25个地级及以上城市,空气质量平均达标天数比例为64.2%,高于全国调查的74个城市平均达标天数比例3.7个百分点。
首要污染物为PM2.5,其次是臭氧和PM10。
而长三角的25个城市中,PM2.5年均浓度为67μg/m 3,24个城市超标;PM10年均浓度为103μg/m 3,23个城市超标;二氧化氮年均浓度为42μg/m 3,15个城市超标。
由此可见,在我国中东部频繁发生的霾以PM2.5严重超标为特征,它不但使城市能见度大幅度降低,影响交通安全,还因其粒径小、毒性大而严重影响了居民的身体健康、生活质量甚至是经济社会的可持续发展[3]。
而2014年冬季长江三角洲地区,尤其是上海,发生了一次严重的霾事件,可吸入颗粒物的峰值出现在12月底1月初、2月中旬,而PM10分指数更是一度逼近400。
图12014.12-2015.3上海空气质量变化柱状图(数据来源:上海环境检测中心)作者简介:张钰伊(1995~),女,云南昆明人,华东师范大学2013级地理科学专业;吴非(1994~),女,上海人,华东师范大学2013级地理科学专业;储文超(1995~),男,江苏海安人,华东师范大学2013级地理科学专业。
HYSPLIT Cheat Sheet说明书

HYSPLIT Cheat SheetUpdated September 8, 2020What is HYSPLIT?●The HYSPLIT model is a system for computingsimple air parcel trajectories, as well as complexatmospheric transport and dispersion simulations.(https:///hysplit/hysplit/)●HYSPLIT has been developed at the NOAA Air ResourcesLaboratory (ARL) for more than 30 years, and it is still undergoingdevelopment at ARL. (https:///)●Stein et al. (2016), NOAA’s HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport andDispersion Modeling System, Bulletin of the American MeteorologySociety (BAMS), 96(12): 2059-2077(https:///10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00110.1)●It requires meteorological data to run, but extensive HYSPLIT-compatible meteorologicaldatasets are publically available on the ARL-HYSPLIT website (described below).●The model has been tested extensively by comparison of its predictions against actualmeasurements of atmospheric concentrations and deposition.●HYSPLIT is one of the most widely used atmospheric transport and dispersion models in theworld.●In addition to the basic trajectory and dispersion models, HYSPLIT contains a large suite ofanalysis, pre-processing, and post-processing programs that may be useful in differentapplications.Different ways to run HYSPLIT●Online, via the READY website(https:///index.php)○for trajectories(https:///HYSPLIT_traj.php)○for dispersion(https:///HYSPLIT_disp.php)●Install on local computer, use Graphical User Interface (GUI)●Install on local computer, use command line and/or scriptsInstallation on your local computer●Installation instructions are given on the web pages referenced below.●HYSPLIT requires some additional “helper” programs, like Tcl-Tk. On Windows systems, italso requires Ghostscript and Ghostview and ImageMagick. These helper programs are freely available and can be downloaded from the HYSPLIT download page(s). You should install these first, in the order mentioned above, before you install HYSPLIT.●installation for Windows(https:///HYSPLIT_hytrial.php)(Tutorial: https:///documents/Tutorial/html/install_win.html)●Installation for Apple-Mac(https:///hyreg/HYSPLIT_applehysp.php)(Tutorial: https:///documents/Tutorial/html/install_mac.html)●Installation for Linux(https:///HYSPLIT_linux.php)(Tutorial: https:///documents/Tutorial/html/install_unix.html)Should you become a Registered User?●Please do not register if you will only be using the HYSPLIT model with archivedmeteorological data (as opposed to forecast data) -- this applies to most users●Why might you need to become a registered user?○Registration required to use forecast met data for simulations○Registration required to obtain source code (e.g., for Linux compilation)○Registration information available here(https:///HYSPLIT_register.php)Learn to use HYSPLIT: 1. Online-READY●Online READY system for trajectories and dispersion○Rolph et al. 2017(https:///science/article/pii/S1364815217302360)○READY Summary Handout(https:///documents/Summaries/READY_2017.pdf)○READY is a relatively self-explanatory, menu-driven system, with help(https:///index.php)Learn to use HYSPLIT: 2. GUI, Local Installation●Graphical User Interface (GUI) with locally installed HYSPLIT●The GUI is a great way to learn HYSPLIT. Even if you are goingto eventually run HYSPLIT using command-line and scripting(see next section), you often start in the GUI to learn how andwhat you want to try to do. Eventually, you might decide youwant to automate the process in a script.●Tutorial (online or download)(https:///HYSPLIT_Tutorials.php)●Annual Workshop (next workshop: Summer 2021. Details andregistration posted in the spring.)(https:///hysplit/hysplit-workshop/)●Context-sensitive help throughout GUI●HYSPLIT Users Guide (https:///wp_arl/wp-content/uploads/documents/reports/hysplit_user_guide.pdf)●Frequently Asked Questions(https:///hysplit/hysplit-frequently-asked-questions-faqs/●Forum - Bulletin Board(https:///)●Document folder in local installationMeteorological Data●Meteorological (“met”) data, in HYSPLIT-format, must be provided to the model to run atrajectory or dispersion (concentration) simulation.●Met data includes things like wind speed and direction, temperature, humidity, andprecipitation.●Most met data used by HYSPLIT are gridded outputs created by meteorological models,including numerous models that are run at NOAA.●Met data can be “forecast” or be “archived”. As noted above, you have to be registered user touse forecast data. For the typical user, however, archived data is generally used, e.g., to run the HYSPLIT model to help analyze air pollution measurements.●Numerous regional, continental, and global meteorological datasets are archived at the AirResources Laboratory, in HYSPLIT format, and are freely available.●Several ways to obtain met data:○Through the GUI○Through the HYSPLIT met data website -- right click on a file and “save target as”(https:///archives.php)○Via an FTP browser (if you want to download a lot of files)●Conversion programs areavailable in the HYSPLIT suite thatcan be used to convert user-generated met data to HYSPLITformat.●HYSPLIT-format meteorologicaldata files are in “binary” format, soyou can’t readily examine them ina text editor or word-processor.●But, met data can be examined with various tools and utilities through the Graphical UserInterface (GUI), e.g., “text profile”●The met data files can be large. A single one-day file of global met data at ¼ degree (~25 kmhorizontal resolution) is 2.7 GB. But some are relatively small: a one-month file of global met data at 2.5 degree horizontal resolution (~250 km) is only about 115 MB.●Met data can also be examined, analyzed and processed by numerous different programsavailable in the HYSPLIT suite, e.g., the Profile program, which extracts the meteorological data at a given location from a given meteorological data file. An example of the use of theProfile program is given below in the “command line / scripting” section.What meteorological data should you use?●There are generally numerous different data sets that you can use for any given analysis○Output from different meteorological models○Different horizontal, vertical, and temporal resolution○Different meteorological variables provided (but all must have wind speed & direction, etc.)○Different geographical coverage (regional, continental, global)○Available for different times periods○Some are reanalysis datasets, which are run after the fact, and extensively incorporate meteorological measurements to try to create the best possible characterization of theatmosphere●All things being equal, generally want to use the highest resolution met data that is availablefor your case, but this means that files will be bigger (more disk space on your computer), and runs will generally take longer.●It can be very useful to do your analysis with different met data sets, and examine thedifferences.○If the results are relatively similar with different met data sets, then you can be more confident that meteorological uncertainties are not playing a significant role.○If the results are very different with different met data sets, then there may be more uncertainty due to met data uncertainties●In complex terrain (e.g., in the mountains), or when there are sea-lake breezes (e.g., on thecoast), the use of higher-resolution met data is more important. But, in these cases, caution is warranted, as the highest resolution data available to you (e.g., 12 km resolution) may be too coarse to really resolve meteorological phenomena. The same would be true in an urbansetting, with street-canyon flows, etc.Trajectories● A trajectory represents the “centerline” of a dispersion●Can be run forward or backward○Forward trajectories tell you where the air will go○Backward trajectories tell you where the air came from●Back-trajectories are commonly used to help interpret air pollution measurements○Where did the air come from corresponding to any given sample time?○Where did the air come from when the concentrations of the pollutant were high?○Where did the air come from when the concentrations were low?●From the GUI:○Trajectory → Setup Run (creates a CONTROL file in the working directory)○Trajectory → Run Model (executes the hyts_std model)○Trajectory → Display → Trajectory (executes the trajplot program)●Trajectory → Setup Run:What height(s) should you start a back-trajectory at?●Should you start it at the height of your sampler, e.g., 2 meters above the ground?●Not recommended, as the trajectory can then easily hit the ground and lose accuracy●If only starting at one height, then a good choice might be “½ of the height of the planetaryboundary layer (PBL)” (aka mixed layer).●This choice reflects the idea that what you are seeing at your sampler is the averageconcentration of pollutant in the well-mixed boundary layer.●To use this option, you must use the Advanced menu in the GUI (or a SETUP.CFG file incommand line or script execution)●Advanced → Configuration Setup → Trajectory → Menu #2: Define subgrid and MSL/AGL units→ Fraction of the Mixed LayerBasic Concentration Simulations●Can be run forward or backward●Generally is run forward, to simulate what happens to a material after it is emitted to the air●From the GUI:○Concentration → Setup Run (creates a CONTROL file)○Concentration → Run Model (hycs_std model)○Concentration → Display → Concentration → Contours(concplot program)●Concentration → Setup Run:Learn to use HYSPLIT: 3. Command Line / Scripting●Command Line / Scripting with locally installed HYSPLIT●Tutorial shows examplescripts on many pages●Example scripts alsoprovided in the “scripts”subdirectory of theHYSPLIT installation●On any operating system,will need to open a “terminal”●Navigate to HYSPLIT working directory○Windows: cd c:\hysplit4\working↲○Mac/Linux: cd ~/hysplit4/working↲(case sensitive, may be Hysplit4)●It’s generally a good idea to work in the “working” directory, but you can create additionalworking directories to use. When working with the GUI, files are placed into the “working”directory. When you are doing things from the command line or scripts, they will go inwhatever directory you are working in, or to a path that you specify.●If you execute any HYSPLIT program without any arguments, you will generally get a list ofrequired and optional argumentsc:\hysplit4\working>..\exec\profile ↲Usage: profile [-options]-d[Input metdata directory name with ending /]-f[input metdata file name]-y[Latitude]-x[Longitude]-o[Output time offset (hrs)]-t[Output time interval (hrs)]-n[Hours after start time to stop output (hrs))]-w[Wind direction instead of components=1]-p[process ID number for output text file]-e[extra digit in output values (0)-no,1-yes]NOTE: leave no space between option and value●Note- there are sometimes more options available in the command line (or script) executionthan are available in the GUI●In the above example, a “command line” or script execution of the program would looksomething like this:c:\hysplit4\working>..\exec\profile -d c:\metdata\-f RP201612.gbl-y40.2-x-119.6 -w1● A “script” can be thought of as just a series of “command line” entries, one after another●If writing scripts, make sure they are “plain text”○Windows: DOS Batch Scripts (tutorial examples), Python, etc.○Mac/Linux: Shell Scripts (tutorial examples), Python, etc.●Why would you want to use scripts?○Have a record of what you have done, and can do it again, or modify it and do it again○You can set the script up to do multiple runs○But, the GUI is a great way to learn how to use HYSPLIT, and to gain a good understanding of the options. One often uses the GUI to explore and test what onewants to do, and then, once you’ve narrowed things down, you try to write a script to“automate” the process.○GUI: a big script (with many sub-scripts) written in the Tcl-Tk scripting language●Basic architecture of a script to run HYSPLIT would do the following:○Write CONTROL file○Write SETUP.CFG file (optional)○Run HYSPLIT (e.g., hyts_std or hycs_std)○Create graphics (e.g., run trajplot or concplot)○Rename output files and move to results directory to save●Common to use a “RUN” and “SET” script:○The “RUN” script sets some basic paramters for each run○The SET script is called from the RUN script and takes the variables provided○The SET script does everything you want (e.g., see preceding architecture example), and then returns execution to the “RUN” script, and then the next run is started (i.e.,the next line), by calling the “SET” script with a new set of parameters. Deeper HYSPLIT Background (equations, etc.)●NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-224, Description of the HYSPLIT-4 ModelingSystem, Revised Feb 2018(https:///wp_arl/wp-content/uploads/documents/reports/arl-224.pdf)●Supplementary Materials for the BAMS article mentioned abovehttps:///doi/suppl/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00110.1/suppl_file/10.1175_bams-d-14-00110.2.pdf。
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用 ppt课件

HYSPLIT模式简介及使用
图形使用HYSPLIT自带GS软件查看, 并且使用GS转换成WINDOWS可读的 格式
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用
选择图片类型、分辨率、图片大小
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用
在后向轨迹的基础上进行轨迹分型。 区别:分型只能进行1层轨迹的分型,所以要重新进行轨迹的建立
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用
画图输入文件位置:输入为建立模型时的输出; 输出图形类型:轨迹图; 选择地图背景; 轨迹投影类型。
选择输出GIS是否与其它软件结合使用; 选择是否画环和中心点。
选择是否绘制时间标记和间隔时间; 选择垂直坐标使用类型(常使用气压或mAGL)。
调整输出图形的大小 调整好后Execute Display
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用
步骤:1、建立轨迹
模式起始 时间
模拟的垂直分层:一般分3层
高度使用(m-AGL)100、500、 1000米高度,经纬度为气象楼前 的马路
模式运行总用时:带有‘-’表示后 向,一般不用输入,只输入时间, 选择前、后向时会自动加上‘-’。
模式模拟方向:一般使用后向模拟。
HYSPLIT模式简介及பைடு நூலகம்用
Run Clustering →Run Standard
输入路径,即上一步输出的文件的自建 路径 剩下路径不需要改
点击Make INFILE
然后Run cluster
最后总共的轨 迹数
HYSPLIT模式简介及使用
重要:选择轨迹分型数
Run之后得到了可能的分型条数及变化的可能性(数值越小,变化越少,越好) 如:上图所示 19条分型变化最小,但是条数太多不易分析,因此选择4条分型 (可变性为39.93)为最佳。
基于Hysplit后向轨迹模式分析太原市重污染天气影响

摘 要:利用 Hysplit 拉格朗日后向轨迹模式,结合 AQI 指数分析及当时
气象观测数据,分析了 2017 年 12 月 13—14 日太原市出现重污染天气的
影响因素。 根据分析,12 月 10—11 日太原市区以西北风为主,风力较大,
风速较强, 从 12 日开始风向由西北转为南风及东南风, 一直持续至 14
日,形成重污染天气;从 14 日开始风向逐渐由东南转变为西北风,空气质
量出现逐渐好转;太原市东、西、北三面环山,形成喇叭口地形,造成通风
不畅,不利于污染物的扩散,尤其偏南风时外来输送的污染物在市区造成
大量堆积,难以扩散,外部传输为污染的加重提供了增强的条件。
关键词:重污染;AQI 指数;Hysplit 模型;太原市
Hysplit 模型轨迹模拟主要有 2 种形式— ——后向传 输模型和前向扩散模型。 前向模拟是模拟目标地区气 流流向的一种形式, 主要用来解释目标地区气体或者 颗粒污染物对别的地方所造成的影响, 是用来解释汇 的问题; 后向模拟是模拟目标地区的气流流向的另一 种形式, 主要用来解释目标地区气体或者颗粒污染物
山西科技
SHANXI SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
2018 年 第 33 卷 第 6 期
பைடு நூலகம்
文章编号:1004-6429(2018)06-0131-03
收稿日期:2018-09-11
基于 Hysplit 后向轨迹模式分析太原市
重污染天气影响
南少杰 1,梁美生 2,施建华 3
(1.煤炭工业太原设计研究院,山西太原,030001; 2.太原理工大学,山西太原,030024;
HYSPLIT功能简介和使用说明汇总

2、数据集合
输出的日计算结果tdump*在C:\hysplit4\working\ 或 C:\hysplit4\cluster\ working\下,每个文件大约8K,将计算 的整月结果放在一个自建的指定文件夹中,如 04,放在 C:\hysplit4\cluster\下
3、运行轨迹分型
Run Clustering →Run Standard
图形使用HYSPLIT自带GS软件查看, 并且使用GS转换成WINDOWS可读的 格式
注:图形转换方法
选择图片类型、分辨率、图片大小
模式使用: 2)轨迹分型
在后向轨迹的基础上进行轨迹分型。 区别:分型只能进行1层轨迹的分型,所以要重新进行轨迹的建立
设置模式的起始高度为1000m,对应 本地边界层中上部
选择好之后Save
2、运行轨迹
100%后Exit。
3、轨迹绘图
画图输入文件位置:输入为建立模型时的输出; 输出图形类型:轨迹图; 选择地图背景; 轨迹投影类型。 选择输出GIS是否与其它软件结合使用; 选择是否画环和中心点。 选择是否绘制时间标记和间隔时间; 选择垂直坐标使用类型(常使用气压或mAGL)。 调整输出图形的大小 调整好后Execute Display
人有了知识,就会具备各种分析能力, 明辨是非的能力。 所以我们要勤恳读书,广泛阅读, 古人说“书中自有黄金屋。 ”通过阅读科技书籍,我们能丰富知识, 培养逻辑思维能力; 通过阅读文学作品,我们能提高文学鉴赏水平, 培养文学情趣; 通过阅读报刊,我们能增长见识,扩大自己的知识面。 有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操, 给我们巨大的精神力量, 鼓舞我们前进。
模式安装
HYSPLIT通常使用两种版本:单机版和网页在 线版
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模式使用:1)后向轨迹
步骤:1、建立轨迹
模式起始 时间
模拟的垂直分层:一般分3层 高度使用(m-AGL)100、500、 1000米高度,经纬度为气象楼前 的马路
模式运行总用时:带有‘-’表示后 向,一般不用输入,只输入时间, 选择前、后向时会自动加上‘-’。 模式模拟方向:一般使用后向模拟。 模式顶高度:10000.0m。 垂直分层:使用sigma高度分层 (也可以使用其它分层,自选) 下面为输入和输出文件夹。一般输 出不改,输入文件为下载的2类资 料。根据选择模拟的时间,若要做 后向轨迹,则需要上一个星期的文 件。
图形使用HYSPLIT自带GS软件查看, 并且使用GS转换成WINDOWS可读的 格式
注:图形转换方法
选择图片类型、分辨率、图片大小
模式使用: 2)轨迹分型
在后向轨迹的基础上进行轨迹分型。 区别:分型只能进行1层轨迹的分型,所以要重新进行轨迹的建立
设置模式的起始高度为1000m,对应 本地边界层中上部
HYSPLIT模式简Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model HYSPLIT - 4 模型是由美国国家海洋和大气管理局 (NOAA) 的空气资源实验室和澳大利亚气象局在过去 20 年间联合研发的一种用于计算和分析大气污染物 输送、扩散轨迹的专业模型。该模型具有处理多种气 象要素输入场、多种物理过程和不同类型污染物排放 源功能的较为完整的输送、扩散和沉降模式 , 已经被 广泛地应用于多种污染物在各个地区的传输和扩散的 研究中。
模式安装
HYSPLIT通常使用两种版本:单机版和网页在 线版
单机版安装时请注意:安装在C:\ 盘根目录下, 并且安装模式自带画图软件。 网络在线版 /HYSPLIT.php
气象资料的获得
ftp://./( pub/archives/ ) NOAA Reanalysis的数据从1948年1月到2007年12月, 2.5°×2.5°,每月资料约122Mb,每半年更新。 NCEP GDAS把全球1°×1°数据插值到正形投影的 地图上。数据从2005年1月至今,每7天资料约571Mb, 每月更新。GDAS资料按每个月的5个星期进行保存。 此外注意,下载的GDAS资料为UTC时间,例如果要 模拟北京时间4月27日00时,模式使用的起始时间应 为4月26日16时。
输入路径,即上一步输出的文件的自建 路径 剩下路径不需要改 点击Make INFILE
然后Run cluster
最后总共的轨 迹数
重要:选择轨迹分型数
Run之后得到了可能的分型条数及变化的可能性(数值越小,变化越少,越好) 如:上图所示 19条分型变化最小,但是条数太多不易分析,因此选择4条分型 (可变性为39.93)为最佳。
人有了知识,就会具备各种分析能力, 明辨是非的能力。 所以我们要勤恳读书,广泛阅读, 古人说“书中自有黄金屋。 ”通过阅读科技书籍,我们能丰富知识, 培养逻辑思维能力; 通过阅读文学作品,我们能提高文学鉴赏水平, 培养文学情趣; 通过阅读报刊,我们能增长见识,扩大自己的知识面。 有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操, 给我们巨大的精神力量, 鼓舞我们前进。
2、数据集合
输出的日计算结果tdump*在C:\hysplit4\working\ 或 C:\hysplit4\cluster\ working\下,每个文件大约8K,将计算 的整月结果放在一个自建的指定文件夹中,如 04,放在 C:\hysplit4\cluster\下
3、运行轨迹分型
Run Clustering →Run Standard
选择好之后Save
2、运行轨迹
100%后Exit。
3、轨迹绘图
画图输入文件位置:输入为建立模型时的输出; 输出图形类型:轨迹图; 选择地图背景; 轨迹投影类型。 选择输出GIS是否与其它软件结合使用; 选择是否画环和中心点。 选择是否绘制时间标记和间隔时间; 选择垂直坐标使用类型(常使用气压或mAGL)。 调整输出图形的大小 调整好后Execute Display
将step3中的分型数改为4,点击Text, 得到分型结果
再使用
分别绘出平均图和分形图(输出路径和输出 选项自行调整)
结果例:平均图
分型图
将提示中选择Ignore all DSC
4、分型结果文件
点击Archive,分型结果保存在C:\hysplit4\cluster\archive中,可根据时间自行查看
做分型时垂直高度的类型是使 用数据的分层!!!
步骤1、计算日轨迹
输入年、月、起始日、终止日(起始日和终止日一般选 择模拟日的前后几天就可以)、时间(可自己选择时段0 12 或者0 6 12 18等)
选择好后Execute Script
(注:需要时间计算,选择时间段越多越精细,但计 算占用时间越多。并且轨迹建立中所输入文件的数据 量必须满足Daily计算)