科技英语翻译-1
科技英语翻译1—4
The four types of sustainability include human, economic, social, andenvironmental. All four are required to maintain the entirety of life on Earth. Althoughinterconnected, itis importanttonotethedifferences of eachinterms ofits nature and requirements.The very basic need of humansustainability is good reproductive healthandsafe childbearing.Those that reproduce have the responsibility of caring for their children, giving them access to proper education, and promoting their health and wellness. At some point, the childrenshould have enoughskills and knowledge suchthatthey cansustaintheir ownway of life. Itis atthatpointthatthey becomeconsidered as productive human capital as well as individuals that can go through the process of reproduction and rearing. As long as this process is maintained at a rate that all human systems can support, human sustainability should be no cause for concern.Insimple terms, economic sustainability is havinga set amount of capital for acertain period. Those who consume that capital must also conserve it so that they will continue to enjoy it towards the end of the specified period. This means thatwe must preserve all our resources as we consume them so that human beings inthe future can enjoy them as well. To achieve this, we must regenerate our resources at a rate that is equal to or faster than our consumption.Social capital is an important aspect of sustainability because it is through communities and civil societies that humankind can easily and inexpensively work together. Without proper levels of social capital, it can easily deplete and violence as well as mistrustcantake over. Whenthathappens, societies andeverythingelsethat depends on them will be destroyed. Through proper maintenance of and adherencetolaws, rules, andvalues thatsocieties havedevelopedfor thecommongood, social sustainability can be achieved.Environmental sustainability is important because it involves natural resources that humanbeings need for economic or manufactured capital. Materials takenfromnature are usedfor solutions that address humanneeds. If nature is depletedfaster than it can regenerate, human beings will be left without raw materials.Furthermore,environmental sustainability also involves ensuring that waste emissions areatvolumes thatnaturecanhandle. If not, all humans andother livingthings on Earth can be harmed to the point of extinction.可持续性分类四种可持续性包括人类可持续性，经济可持续性，社会可持续性和环境可持续性。
科技英语翻译--被动语态的译法 (1)
翻译技巧第九节被动语态的译法英汉对比研究表明，英语中被动语态的使用极为普遍，尤其是以科技英语为主。
这是英语区别于汉语的显著特点之一。
在英语中，大凡为了强调受事，以突出其鲜明位置，而无需提及主动者、无意点明主动者、无从说出主动者，为了上下文的衔接与连贯等等，或是出于礼貌措辞圆通等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁的，往往都采用被动语态。
例如：(1)When will we be interviewed?我们什么时候来参加面试呢?(2)New British and American films are often shown to English major juniors.常给英语专业的三年级的同学放映新的英美电影。
(3)The happy man cannot be harried.吉人自有天相。
(4)You are cordially invited to a dinner party to be given at the Workers’ Club in Xidan at 7 P. m.Nov. 23.谨定于11月23日晚上7时在西单工人俱乐部举行晚宴，敬请光临。
(5)The plan was especially supported by those who wished to have more chance to speak French. 这个计划特别受到愿多有机会说法语的人的支持。
在英语中，被动结构能给人以间接、客观的印象，因而在科技文献、政论文和新闻报道等文体中使用尤为频繁。
相比之下，被动语句在汉语中的使用范围小得多。
主要原因在于，在历史上，汉语被动语句主要用来表达对主语来说是如意或不希望发生的事情。
现代汉语的这种限制虽然在西方语言的影响下有所动，被动句式有时也用来表达中性甚至希冀之事，但是汉语采用的主要是语义型句式，大多数被动意义并不一定非得通过被动语句来表达，而可以通过形式上主动、语义上被动的句式予以体现。
科技英语翻译(1-3章)
科技英语翻译1.1翻译的标准第1节翻译练习1The power plant is the heart of a ship.动力装置是船舶的心脏。
The power unit for driving the machines is a50-hp induction motor.驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。
第1节翻译练习2Semiconductor devices,called transistors,are replacing tubes in many applications.半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。
Cramped conditions means that passengers’legs cannot move around freely.空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。
All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space.我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。
第1节翻译练习3The removal of minerals from water is called softening.去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。
A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts:blade and petiole.双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。
1.2对译者的要求第4节翻译练习1Einstein’s relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena.爱因斯坦的相对论是能解释这种现象的唯一理论。
（直译）All four(outer planets)probably have cores of metals,silicates,and water.这四颗外层行星的内核可能都由金属、硅酸盐和水构成。
科技英语翻译复习重点(1)
科技英语翻译复习重点（英译汉篇）一、词语意思翻译1.A fastener is a hardware device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more objects together.（直译法）紧固件是指将两个或多个物体通过机械方法固定在一起的硬件装置。
2.Machinery design is either to formulate an engineering plan for the satisfaction ofa specified need or to solve an engineering problem.（直译法）机械设计的目的是为满足特定需求而绘制工程图纸或解决工程问题。
3.In the1970s,integrated circuit technology and the subsequent creation of microprocessors futher decreased size and cost and further increased speed and reliability of computers.（增词法）20世纪70年代，集成电路技术的发展和后续的微处理器的发明进一步缩小了计算机的尺寸，降低了价格，同时加快了运行速度，提高了可靠性。
4.A power reactor has no need of oil,for the heat generated in the uranium pile is the result of nuclear fission,not of combustion.（增词法）原子动力反应堆不需要油，因为铀堆中所产生的热是核裂变的结果，而不是燃烧的结果。
5.The elementary mechanical components of a machine are termed machine elements.These elements consist of three basic types:structural components, mechanisms,and control components.（省略法）机器的基本机械构件称为机械零件，包括三种基本类型，即：结构构件、机械构件和控制构件。
科技英语翻译ppt(1)
Half a dozen vendors, plus in-house departments at major manufacturers, produced $800 million worth in 2000.
--在2000年，六家专门厂商加上几家大公司的触控产品部门，以同时选用好几种技术”避免了直接在汉语的译 文中使用被动句的情况。
The different technologies may be used in the same applications, although pros and cons lead to prevalent combinations: resistive screens for industrial controls and Palm Pilots; capacitive screens for slot machines; wave screens for ATMs and indoor kiosks.Most people are unaware of the type of screen they are using.
EST WRITITNGS ANALYSIS
1
At Your Fingertips 弹指之间
We use touch screens everywhere: tourist kiosks, automatic teller machines, point-of-sale terminals, industrial controls. Half a dozen vendors, plus inhouse departments at major manufacturers, produced $800 million worth in 2000. The market is growing because the interfaces are easy-to-use, durable and inexpensive.
科技英语阅读翻译
1all elements are composed of scattered units called atoms,which are the smallest particles than show the characteristics of the element. atoms are tiny units of matter composed of positively charged protons, negatively charged elements ,and electrically neutral neutrons. protons and neutrons, which have almost the same mass,are clustered in the nucleus in the middle of the atom. electrons,which are tiny in comparison to the other units, move around the nucleus at high speed. atoms that have the same number of electrons and protons are electrically neutral. those that have got or lost electrons,and therefor are positively or negatively charged, are called ions.所有的元素都称为原子的散射单元，这是比显示的元件的特性的最小的颗粒组成。
原子是微小单位的物质组成的带正电的质子，带负电荷的元件和电中性的中子。
质子和中子，它们具有几乎相同的质量，聚集在细胞核内的原子在中间。
的电子，这在其他单位相比是微小的，围绕原子核高速移动。
具有相同的电子和质子数的原子是电中性的。
科技英语翻译(1)
ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Historically，“three peaks”in translation movements：东汉至唐宋的Buddhism scripture 的翻译、明末清初的科技翻译、鸦片 战争至‘五四“ 的西学翻译。（ First Opium War (Britain’s invasion of China, 1840-1842） In terms of scope, quality, and contribution to the development of the nation, the current one is unprecedented.
形象生动,句式简单,强烈的审美意识， 文字生动而感人。
专业术语,正式的客观描述词汇,较长的
名词化结构,客观事实,文字严谨而客观。
2. 与英语口语文体的对比 An old lady who was listening exclaimed: It beats all how folks do things nowadays. When I was a gal, they made a hole in each end of an egg and sucked. A young lady back home from school was explaining. “ Take an egg.” She said, “ and make a perforation in the base and a corresponding one in the apex, then apply the lips to the aperture, and by forcibly inhaling the breath, the shell is entirely discharged of its contents.”
科技英语课文句子翻译Unit1-10
Sentence TranslationUnit 1Text A1.However, the volume of business done on the Internet is growing rapidly, as people orderbooks and other products to make money transactions.但是，因特网上的交易数量急速增长，人们从网上购书和其他的产品，进行资金交易。
2.They use them to prowl the Internet, looking for ways to break into computers systems runby banks, telephone companies and even government departments.他们用电脑上网，寻找能够进入银行电脑系统、电话公司的电脑系统、甚至是政府的电脑系统的方式。
3.The first indication of a security breach may be when a customer discovers a fraudulentmoney transaction on a credit card account.当顾客发现信用卡的帐号上出现了来历不明的消费时，这可能就是安全受到了破坏的第一个标志。
4.The use of credit cards to buy things on the Internet converts the issue of Internet securityinto one of general security.用信用卡在网上购物使网络安全变成了大众所普遍关注的安全的一种5.Few people think twice about giving a credit card number over the phone and many areequally careless about what happens to the carbon copy when completing a transaction over the counter.很多人会在电话里随意报出自己的信用卡号码，同样地，也有很多人不留意交易完成后放在银行柜台上的副本。
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2. as pre-modifiers ●该电阻上的电压为总电压的2/5。 The voltage across the resistor is two fifths (of) the total voltage.
3.
representation of the increase in the number of times ●这个参数比那个大三倍。 This parameter is four times as great as / greater than that one.
3.f(x+h)-f(x)这一表达式(expression) 经常用于微积分(calculus)的学习。 3. The expression f(x+h)-f(x) is frequently used in the study of calculus一个未知数 (unknown)的线性方程(linear equation)。
4. An equation which can be written in the following form is known as a linear equation with one unknown.
5.在计算机中，趋势是以尽可能高的时
钟速率(clock rate)工作。
5. In a computer, the tendency is to operate at as high a clock rate as possible.
5.在计算机中，趋势是以尽可能高
的时钟速率(clock rate)工作。 6.该电容器(capacitor)上的电 压(voltage)为零点零几伏 (volt)。 7.十年前该厂的产量(output)仅 为现在的五分之一。 8.这两个数值之差(difference) 为万分之十三。
●略微计算一下，将会使你相信这的
确是真的。 A short calculation will convince you that this is indeed true.
II.
Numeral 1.The representation of a fraction
●流过该电路的电流为零点零几安培。
●为此，对计算机必须有良好的了解。 To this end /For this purpose, a good understanding of computer science is necessary. (It is necessary to have a good …) ●理解二进制数系的关键是要熟悉2的各次 幂。 Basic to understanding the binary number system is a familiarity with the powers of 2.
13.电(electricity)可以容易地被 转变成其它形式的能量。 14.1831年美国人约瑟夫· 亨利 (Joseph Henry)发现了电磁感 应(electromagnetic induction)现象。 15.接收机(receiver)是由几个单 元组成的。
II. 改正下列句中的错误 1. The new designed instrument is in good quality. 2. This engine needs (requires, wants) being cleaned. 3. This running machine will stop of itself in one minute or two. 4. In this case, the input does not fall; the output does not fall, too.
The
current flowing through the circuit is a few hundredths of an ampere. ●这两个参数之差为百万分之九。 The difference between the two parameters is 9 parts in a million / per million / in 106.
9.锡(tin)的熔点(melting
11.必须弄清(find)解(solve)这个 方程(equation)需要多长时间。 11. It is necessary to find how long (a time) it takes [或: is required; is needed] to solve this equation. 12.这根导线(wire)比那根粗 (thick)3倍。 12. This wire is four times thicker than that one.
Practice
I. C-E translation 1.输入信号太大会引起非线性失真 (nonlinear distortion)。 2.利用斜率(slope)的定义，我们能导出 (derive)表示直线的方程。 3.f(x+h)-f(x)这一表达式(expression) 经常用于微积分(calculus)的学习。 4.能写成以下形式的方程称为含有一个未知 数(unknown)的线性方程(linear equation)。
(2) Specific uses of indefinite articles
作比较（分析，研究）:
make a comparison (an analysis, a study) ●本文对其性能作了初步的分析。 An initial analysis of the performance has been made in this paper. This paper has made an initial analysis of the performance.
9.锡(tin)的熔点(melting point) 没有铅(lead)高。(要求使用 “have as … as”句型) 10.这个平均速度(average velocity)是末速度(final velocity)的一半。 11.必须弄清(find)解(solve)这个 方程(equation)需要多长的时间。 12.这根导线(wire)比那根粗 (thick)3倍。
参考译文 I. C-E translation 1.输入信号太大会引起非线性失真 (nonlinear distortion)。 1. A nonlinear distortion can be caused by too large an input signal. Too large an input signal may cause/give rise to/result in… 2.利用斜率(slope)的定义，我们能导出(derive) 表示直线的方程。 2. (By)Using the definition of slope, we can derive the equation which represents a straight line.
point)没 有铅(lead)高。(要求使用“have as … as”句型) 9. Tin does not have as high a melting point as lead (does). 10.这个平均速度(average velocity) 是末速度(final velocity)的一半。 10. This average velocity is half the final velocity.
13.电(electricity)可以容易地被转变成其它 形式的能量。 13. Electricity can be easily converted into other forms of energy. 14.1831年美国人约瑟夫· 亨利(Joseph Henry)发现了电磁感应 (electromagnetic induction)现象。 14. In 1831, Joseph Henry, an American, discovered the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
2. Specific rules （1）Special positions ●该发生器产生一个太大的信号以致 于这个晶体管无法处理。（ S—V— O pattern） This generator produces so large a signal that the transistor can not handle it. (too large a signal for the transistor to handle)
Section 1 Vocabulary
I. Article 1.The general rules ●如果在电路的两端加上电压的话，在电 路中就会有电流流动。 If a voltage is applied across a circuit, a current will flow/result in the circuit. ●钨就是用在电灯里的金属。 Tungsten is the very metal used in electric lamps (an electric lamp).
15.接收机(receiver)是由几个单
元组成的。 15. A receiver consists of several units [或：parts].
6.该电容器(capacitor)上的电压
(voltage)为零点零几伏(volt)。
6. The voltage across this capacitor is a few hundredths of a volt.