计算机专业英语名词翻译

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《计算机专业英语》(中英文对照)

《计算机专业英语》(中英文对照)
UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) 通用自动计算机
计算机专业英语
1-4
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
1.1 The Invention of the Computer
It is hard to say exactly when the modern computer was invented. Starting in the 1930s and through the 1940s, a number of machines were developed that were like computers. But most of these machines did not have all the characteristics that we associate with computers today. These characteristics are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and that it is general purpose.
计算机专业英语 Computer English
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers 2009.9.1
Chapter 1 The History and Future of Computers
Key points: useful terms and definitions of
在 EDVAC 完 成 之 前 , 其 他 一 些 机 器 建 成 了 , 它 们 吸 收 了 Eckert 、 Mauchly和Neuman设计的要素。其中一部是在英国剑桥研制的电子延迟 存储自动计算机,或简称EDSAC,它在1949年5月首次运行,它可能是世 界的第一台电子储存程序、通用型计算机投入运行。在美国运行的第一 部计算机是二进制自动计算机,或简称BINAC,它在1949年8月投入运行。

计算机专业英语

计算机专业英语

计算机基础知识computer n.电脑,电子计算机arithmetic logic unit算术逻辑部件manipulate vt.操纵,操作keyboard n.键盘information n.消息,知识printer n.打印机hand-hold a.使携,手拿的skitter n.磁盘calculator n.计算器statistical a统计的system n.系统,体系joystick n.游戏棒,操纵杆scientific a.科学的,系统的software n.软件electronic a.电子的category n.种类machinery a.机器,机关,simulate n.模拟,模仿equipment n.装备,设备handle vt.控制dull a.单调的,呆滞的interpret vt.解释network n.网络feedback n.反馈circuit n.电路,一圈,巡回instrument n.工具switch n.开关,电闸manufacture vt.制造level n.水平,标准CAD计算机辅助设计status n.状态engineer n.工程师binary a.二进位的draft n.草稿store vt.储存,储藏graphics n.图形process n.程序,过程video n.影像character n.字符robotic a./n机器人学sound n.声音automation n.自动化image n.影像,图像word processing字处理programme n.程序,计划text n.文衣logic inference逻辑推理communication n.通讯aid vt.帮助,援助electronic-mail电子邮件instruction n.指令teleconferencing电话会议convert vt.转变telccommunicating远程通讯originality n.创造力database n.数据库operate vt.操作,运转CAI计算机辅助教学ENIAC电子数值积分计算机transistor n.晶体管vacuum真空DOS磁盘操作系统resistor n.电阻器RAM随机存取存储器capacitor n.电容器mouse n.鼠标interference n.干预intense妙n.强烈,紧张technology n.技术floppy a.松软的internal a.内部的fix a.牢固的symbolic n.代号write-protect写保护language n.语言drive n.驱动器span vt.跨越mechanics n.机械学reliable a.可靠的access vt.访问efficient a一有效率的byte n.比特magnetic a.一有磁性的、mega n.兆Auxiliary a./n.附加的,辅助物decimal n.十进制media n.媒体octal n.八进制storage n.存储器headecimal n.十六进制punched card tape n.磁带weight n.权memory n.记忆,存储code n.代码silicon n.硅,硅元素ASCII美国信息交换标准代chip n.芯片extended a.扩充的,长期的terminal n.终端机,终点,总站voltage n.伏特,device n.设备integer n.整数innovation n.改革,创新negative a.负的external a.外部的absence a.缺席feature n.特征convenience n.便利component n.元件,组件waveform n.波形combination n.联合,合并zone n.区microprocessor n.微处理器vendor n.厂商,自动售货机packed a.包装的implement n.工具,器具package n.包裹,套装软件quantity n.数量digital a.数字的rigid n.硬的analog a.模拟的fragile a.易脆的hybrid a.混合的susceptible a.易受影响的discrete a.离散的medium n.媒体Vital a.重要的,关键的shutter n.快门monitor n.显示器general-purpose通用overwhelm v.制服theory proving定理证明application n.应用information retrieval 信息检索wire n.电线,电报persona computer个人计算机model n.模型time-consuming a.费时的Versatility n.多种变化,变通routine task日常工作lump vt.使成块logical decision逻辑判断hardware n.硬件programmable a.可编程的stream n.流rewire vt.重新接线resource n.资源generation n.代desktop n.桌面unreliable a.不可靠的cabinet n.文件柜auxiliary storge 辅助存储器supercomputer n.超级计算机minicomputer n.小型计算机I/0 device输入/输出设备system unit系统部件cell n.单元floppy disk软盘consecutively a.连续的,连贯的fix disk硬盘CPU中央处理器transmission n.传送,传输程序设计Program Design程序设计creep vi.爬,潜行writing program编写程序standardize vt.使标准化coding the program编程simplify vt.单一化,简单化programming程序revision n.校订,修正programmer n.程序员occupy vt.占领,住进logic n.逻辑,逻辑学BASIC初学者通用符号指令代码machine code机器代码teaching language教学语言debug n.DOS命令,调试simplicity n.单纯,简朴compactness a.紧凑的,紧密的timesharing system分时系统description n.描述,说明interactive language交互式语言break n.中断manufacturer n.制造业者structure chart结构图dialect n.方言,语调the program flow程序流expense n.费用,代价manager module管理模块uniformity n.同样,划一worder module工作模块archaic a.己废的,古老的mainmodule主模块sufficient a.充分的,足够的submodule子模块data processing数据处理modify v.修正,修改business application商业应用outline n.轮廓,概要scientific application科学应用compose分解lexical a.字典的,词汇的code 代码non-programmer n.非编程人员node vt改为密码notation n.记号法,表示法,注释pseudocode n.伪代码verbosity n.唠叨,冗长commas n.逗点逗号record n.记录documentation文档subrecord n.子记录flowchart/flow程表/流程data division数据部visual a.视觉的procedure division过程部represent vt.表现,表示,代表comprise vt.包含构成structured techniques结构化技术operator n.运算符,算子straightforward a.笔直的,率直的commercial package商业软件包subroutine n.子程序generator n.产生器,生产者driver module驱动模块mathematician n.专家line by line逐行operator n.作符translate vt.翻译,解释forerunner n.先驱modular摸块化ancestor n.祖宗cumbersome a.讨厌的,麻烦的teaching programming编程教学lengthy a.冗长的,漫长的alter vi./vt.改变flaw n.缺点裂纹devclop vt.发达separate a.各别的recompile v.编译assist n.帮助cycle n.循环technician n.技师remove vt.移动,除去straight line直线category n.种类,类项rectangle n.长方形,矩形P-code p代码virtrally ad.事实上symology n.象征学象征的使用register n.寄存器to summaries总之,总而言之by convention按照惯例cyptic n.含义模糊的,隐藏的diamond-shaped a,菱形的bracket n.括号decision n判断obviate除去,排除terminal n. a终端机,终端的keyword n.关键字card reader阅读器underline vt.下划线translator program译程序monadic a. monad(单位)的Programming程序设计dec/binary n.二进制source language源语shift变化,转移,移位machine language机器overflow n.溢出machine instruction机器指令arithmetic n.算术,算法computer language计算机语composite symbol复合型符号.assembly language汇编语assignment n.赋值floating point number浮点数proliferation n.增服high-level language高级语pointer n.指针natural language自然语言array n.数组矩阵,source text源文本subscript n.下标intermediate language中间语言type conversion类型转换software development软件开发address arithmetic地址运算map vt.映射,计划denote vt.指示,表示maintenance cost维护费用subprogram n.子程序legibility n.易读性,易识别separate compilation分离式编泽amend vt.修正,改善alphabetic a.照字母次序的consumer n.消费者digit n.数字位数enormous a.巨大的,庞大的numeric expression数值表达式reliability n.可信赖性,可信度tap n.轻打,轻敲,选择safety n.安全,安全设备print zone打印区property n.财产,所有权column n.列correctness n.正确,functionality n.机能semicolon n.分号portable a.叮携带的,可搬运的survey n.概观.altoggle n.肘节开关task n.作,任务declaration n.宣告说明source program源程序mufti-dimension array多维数组object program目标程序数据库transaction n.交易,办理,执行query n.查询license n.执照,许可证,特许subschemas n.子模式criminal a.犯了罪的,有罪的individual n.个体,个人conviction n.定罪,信服,坚信employee n.职员,受雇人员bureaus n.局,办公处integrity n.完整,正直insurance n.保险,保险业,保险费duplicate a.复制的,二重的retrieval n.取回,恢复,修补interactive n.交谈式security n.安全,安全性audit n.查帐,稽核integrity n.完整,正直,廉正trail n.痕迹,踪迹consume Vt.消耗multiuse n.多用户manually ad.用手full-fledged a.喂养tedious a.沉闷的,冗长乏味的compound document复合文件DBMS数据库管理系统recognizant a.认识的,意识的consensus n一致,交感user manual用户手册semantics n.语义学bug n.缺陷,错误impediment n.妨碍,阻碍,阻止encrypt v.加密,译成密码intuitively a直觉的malicious a.环恶意的,恶毒的module n.模块,组件bottleneck n,瓶颈schema n.轮廓,概要,图解mainstream n主流proposal n建议spatial a.空间的,空间性的tailor Vi.定制,制作,缝制relevant a.有关联的,中肯的plausible a.似真实的,似合理的urgency n.紧急,催促virtually ad.事实上optimization n.最佳化impracticably ad.不能实validation n.确认flaw n.缺点,裂纹,瑕疵typically a.典型的,象征性的assumption n.假定,视为当然之事index n.索引Yi.做索引duration n.持续时间,为期component n.组件,成分intolerably ad.难耐的程度temporal n.当时的,现世的abort vi.流产,失败semantics n.语义学rigorous a.严厉的,严酷的,苛刻的interval n.时间间隔criterion n.标准,准据,轨范catalogue n.目录V.编入目录consistency n.一致性,坚固性,浓度cabinet n.橱柜,内阁adopt Vt.采用,收养illustration n.例证,插图serialization n.连载长篇efficient a有效率的,能干的log n.日志,记录clerical a.事务上的,抄写员的focus n.焦点,焦距access n.进入.进入twin n.双胞胎中人warehouse n.大商店.仓库protocol n.协议wholesale n.批发conflict n神突,矛盾chore n.零工,家务negotiate vi.商议,谈判,谈妥mode n.模式,模态drag vi.拖拉,拖累long-duration长期architects n.建筑师short-duration短期partition n.分割,隔离物ascend V.上升,追溯,登高.inherent a.固有的,与生俱来的descend vi.下降,传下necessitate Vt.迫使,使成为必需dimensional a.空间的versa a.反physical organization物理组织operator n.操作员硬件基础microelectronics n.微电子学adaptively a.适合的,适应的actuator n.主动器compensate偿还,补偿integrated a.集成的parasitic a.寄生的arithmetic n.算术,算法wobble n.摆动,不稳定crossroads n.交又路focal a.焦点的,在焦点上的ROM n.只读存储器eliminate Vt.排除,除去RAM n.随机存取存储器cornstalk n.串音permanently ad.永久的,不变的affinity n.密切关系,强烈的吸引Volatile a.可变的,不稳定的stem n.柄,堵塞物notepad n.记事本introspection n.内省,反省microprocessor n.微处理器mechanism n.机械,机理gateway n.门,通路portability n.一携带,轻便coprocessor n.协处理器configuration n.配置floating-point浮点flexibility n.适应性,弹性upgrade V.使升级algorithms n.运算法则optional a.选择的,随意的channel n.通道,频道bi-directional a.双向性keystroke n.键击simultaneous a.同时发生的typematic a.重复击键的cache n.高速缓冲存储器comprise Vi.包含,构成percentage n.百分比,部分precommendation n.预补偿controller n.控制器track n.磁轨intercept n.截取,妨碍boot v.启动significantly ad.重要地,有效地benchmark n.基准,评效migration n.移往,移动merit n.优点,价值compact a.紧凑的,紧密的restriction n.限制,限定,约束digitally n.数位intrinsic a.本质的,原有的dip n.双排直插封装Boolean n.布尔逻辑,布尔值distortion n.扭曲,变形imperative a.命令式的playback n.重现,录音再生nontrivial a.不平常的robustness a.健康的,强健的circumvent v.绕行,陷害reliability n.可靠性,可信赖性decentralize vt.使分散,排除集中resolvability n.可移动性intelligent a.智能的,聪明的counterpart n.副本,配对物automatically a.自动地,机械地archival a.关于档案的innovation n.改革,创新magneto n.磁发电机synonym n.同义字cylinder n.柱面prototype n.原型photodetector n.光感测器paradigm n.范例,模范predefined n.预先确定microchip n.微处理器split a.分散的core n.争论的核心tradeoff n.交换,协定extended memory扩充内存bootdevice引导设备picture processing图像处理reside vi.住,居留,属于sensor n.传感器optical disk光盘WS1晶片规模集成laser n.激光VLSI超大规模集成storage densities存储密度hiss n.嘶嘶声modulate vi.调整,调制unveil vt.揭开,揭幕multiassociative processing多关联处理技术workload n.工作负荷操作系统与DOS指令storage space存储空间Timer n.计时器subdirectory n.子目录Available a.可用的structure n.结构characteristic n.特征,特性hierarchical a.分层的Sophistication n.复杂性issue vt.发行,放出Standard n.标准backslash n.反斜杠Online n.联机the root directory根目录Job Management 作业管理perform vt.执行Sequence n.次序conjunction n.联合Assess vt.评估procedure n.过程Resource Management资源管理tree n.目录树Oversee vt.监督term n.术语Control of I/0 Operation I/0 操作控制startup vi.启动Allocation n. 分配TSRs内存驻留程序Undergo vt.经历,经受locate vt.定位Error Recovery错误恢复sector n.扇区Memory Management存储器管理partition n.分区interface n.界面booting n.自举streamlined a.流线型的cluster n.簇unleash vt.释放CMOS互补金属氧化物体unhamperer vt.解脱emergency disk应急磁盘spreadsheet n.电子表格partition table分区表Accessory n.附件FAT文件分配表Notepad n.记事薄GUI图形用户接口Macro Recorder n.宏记录器command line命令行Write n.书写器icon n.图标Paint-brush n.画笔manual n.手册modem n.调制解调器dialog boxes对话框Solitaire n.接龙mechanism n.机构,机械,结丰Reverse n.挖地雷clipboard n.剪贴板module n.模块DDE动态数据交换acronym n.缩写字clumsy a.笨拙的version n.版本hot linked映射的update vt.洲一级,更新real-mode n.实模式internal command 内部命令standard mode标准模式external command外部命令directory n.目录Pentium n.俗称586,奔腾芯片sign-on a.提示framework n.框架,结构extension name扩展名precedence n.优先document n.文档uppercase letter大写字母workspace n.工作lowercase letter小写字母File Manager文件管理volume label卷标menu n.菜单prompt n.提示符Program Manager程序管理器default n.缺省值,默认值folder n.卷宗symbol n.符号divider n.分配者cursor n.光标subdivide n.子分配者built-in a.内置的tutorial n.教程。

(完整word版)计算机专业英语词汇

(完整word版)计算机专业英语词汇

mand n. 命令,指令2. line n. (数据,程序)行,线路3. display vt. 显示,显示器4. format n. 格式5. cursor n. 光标6. directory n. 目录,索引簿7.current n. 电流8.screen n. 屏幕,屏;v. 屏蔽9.. specify v. 指定,规定,确定10. disk n. 盘,磁盘11. drive v. 驱动;n. 驱动器12. database n. 数据库13. enter v. 键入,送入14.margin n. 余量,边缘,边际15. procedure n. 过程,程序,工序16. dialog n. & vt. 对话17.insert vt. 插入18. item n. 项,项目,条款19.edit vt. 编辑,编排,编篡20.parameter n. 参数,参变量21. variable a. 可变的;n. 变量22. function n. 函数,功能,操作23. button n. 按钮24. index n. 索引,变址,指数25. setting n. 设置,调整26. desire v. & n. 期望27 . switch n. & v. 开关,转换,切换 28. default v. 缺省,预置,约定29. enable vt. 启动,恢复正常操作30. filename n. 文件名31. prompt n. & v. 提示32. execute v. 实行,实施33. extension n. 扩充,延伸34. argument n. 变元,自变量35. shift v. 转义,换档,移位36. store n. & vt. 存储,存储器37. scroll vt. 上滚(卷);n. 纸卷38. macro n. 宏,宏功能,宏指令39. define vt. 定义,规定,分辨40. reference n. & a. 参考;参考的41. restore vt. 恢复,复原42. block n. (字,信息,数据)块43. decimal n. & a. 十进制;十进制的44. definition n. 定义,确实,清晰度45. arrow n. 箭头,指针46. label n. 标签,标号,标识符47. issue v. 发行,出版,流出48. available a. 可用的49. attribute n. 属性,标志,表征50. dos 磁盘操作系统51. modify vt. 修改,改变,变址52. bottom n. & a. 底,基础;底下的53. carriage n. 滑架,托架54. content n. 含量,容量,内容55. scope n. 范围,显示器56. paragraph n. 段(落),节,短讯57. execution n. 执行58. backup n. 备份,后备,后援59. pointer n. 指针,指示字60. subset n. 子集,子设备61. keyboard n. 键盘62. positioning n. 定位63. toggle n. & v. 触发器;系紧64. device n. 设备,器件,装置65.indicate vt. 指示,表示66. rename vt. 更名,改名67. combination n. 结合,组合68. profile n. 简要,剖面,概貌69. split v. 分开,分离70. access n. 存取,选取,接近71. document n. 文献,资料,文件72. reflow v. & n. 回流,逆流73. install vt. 安装74. assign vt. 赋值,指定,分派75. specific a. 特殊的,具体的76. diskette n. 软磁盘,软盘片77. confirmation n. 认可78. abbreviate vt. 缩写,省略79. delimiter n. 定界符,分界符80. graphic n. & a. 图形;图形的81. confirm vt. 证实,确认82. clause n. 条款,项目,子句83. correspond vi. 通信(联系) 84. property n. 性(质),特征85. bracket n. (方)括号,等级86. omit vt. 省略,删去,遗漏87. sub-directory n. 子目录88. instruction n. 指令,指导89. ascii n. 美国信息交换标准码90. append vt. 附加,增补91. buffer n. 缓冲器92. coprocessor n. 协同处理器93. overlay v. 覆盖,重叠94. navigation n. 导航95. shortcut n. 近路,捷径96. assigned a. 指定的,赋值的97. match v. 比较,匹配,符合98. release vt. & n. 释放,核发,版99. deletion n. 删去(部分),删除100. alias n. 别名,代号,标记101. quote n. & v. 引号;加引号102. maximum n. & a. 最大(的),最高103. switching n. 开关,转接,交换104. element n. 元件,元素,码元105. modification n. 改变,修改106. modified a. 修改的,变更的107. uppercase n. 大写字母108. force v. & n. 强制;压力,强度109. lowercase n. 下档,小写体110. undo vt. 取消,废除111. environ vt. 围绕,包围112. temporary a. 暂时的,临时的113. encounter v. & n. 遇到,碰到114. wildcard n. 通配符115. spill v. 漏出,溢出,漏失116. browse v. 浏览117. memo n. 备忘录118. prior a. 先验的,优先的119. variant n. & a. 变体,易变的120. floppy n. 软磁盘121. supply vt. & n. 电源,供给122. module n. 模块(程序设计) 123. monochrome n. 单色124. assistance n. 辅助设备,帮助125. demonstration n. (公开)表演,示范126 . template n. 标准框,样板,模板127. linker n. 连接程序128. process vt. 处理,进程,加工129. refer v. 访问,引用,涉及130. overview n. 综述,概要131. syntax n. 语法,文法,句法132. abbreviation n. 缩短,省略,简称133. bios n. 基本输入/输出系统134. minus a. & n. 负的;负数,减135. alternate a. 交替的,备用的136. collapse v. 崩溃,破裂137. interpreter n. 解释程序,翻译机138. slash n. 斜线139. utility n. & a. 实用程序;实用性140. regardless a. 不注意的,不考虑的141. compatible a. 可兼容的,可共存的142. alphabetical a. 字母(表)的,abc的 143. resume v. 重(新)开(始) 144. multiple a. 多次的,复杂的145. monitor n. 监视器,监督程序146. configuration n. 配置147. aboveboard ad. & a. 照直,公开的148. eject n. 弹出149. sequence n. 顺序,时序,序列150. consist vi. 符合,包括151. valid a. 有效的152. suspend v. 中止,暂停,挂起153. enhance vt. 增强,放大,夸张154. separate v. & a. 分隔,分离,各自的155. echo n. 回波,反射波156. comment n. & vi. 注解,注释157. prevent v. 防止,预防158. pressed a. 加压的,压缩的159. dimension n. 尺寸,维,因次160. boundary n. 边界,界限,约束161. zoom v. 变焦距162. initialize v. 初始化163. hello int. & v. 喂!;呼叫164. font n. 铅字,字形165. convert v. 转换,变换166. global n. 全局,全程,全局符167. invoke vt. 调用,请求168. interactive a. 交互式,交互的169. described a. 被看到的,被发现的170. exclusive a. 排斥,排它性171. adapter n. 适配器,转换器172. filter n. 滤波器,滤光材料173. dual a. 对偶的,双的174. equivalent a. 相等的,等效的175. storage n. 存储,存储器176. startup n. 启动177. resident a. 驻留的178. designated a. 指定的,特指的179. pertain vi. 附属,属于,关于180. expansion n. 展开,展开式181. incompatible a. 不兼容的182. blinking n. 闪烁183. precede v. 先于184. transportable a. 可移动的185. routine n. 程序,例行程序186. session n. 对话,通话187. redraw vt. 再拉188. manual a. 手工的,手动的189. assembly n. 汇编,安装,装配190. copyright n. 版权191. retrieve v. 检索192. ram 随机存取存储器193. exception n. 例外,异常,异议194. minimum n. & a. 最小(的),最低195. reindex v. & n. 变换(改变)符号196. compile vt. 编译197. undefined a. 未定义的198. tick v;n. 滴答(响);勾号(√) 199. intense a. 强烈的,高度的200. documentation n. 文件编制,文本201. asterisk n. 星号(*)202. interface n. 接口203. pause vi. 暂停204. assumed a. 假定的205. entry n. 输入,项(目),入口206. formatting n. 格式化207. symbol n. 符号,记号208. binary n. & a. 二进制;双态的209. subtotal n. & v. 小计,求部分和210. partition v. 划分,分区,部分211. hexadecimal a. 十六进制的212. generate vt. 产生,发生,生成213. specification n. 说明书,规则说明书214. customize vt. 定制,定做215. nest v. 嵌套,后进先出216. duplicate vt. 复制,转录,加倍217. compression n. 压缩,浓缩218. alternately ad. 交替地,轮流地219. intensity n. 强度,亮度220. explicitly ad. 明显地,显然地221. sector n. & v. 扇区,段;分段222. vertically ad. 竖直地,直立地223. horizontally ad. 水平地224. backspace v. 退格,回退225. terminate v. 端接,终止226. drag vt. 拖,拉,牵,曳227. formatted a. 有格式的228. underscore vt. 在…下面划线229. initially ad. 最初,开头230. reformat v. 重定格式231. integrate v. 综合,集成232. trailing n. & a. 结尾;尾随的233. indent v. 缩排234. integer n. 整数235. subscript n. 注脚,下标236. secondary a. 辅助的,第二的237. colon n. 冒号“:”238. allocate vt. 分配239. wordperfect a. 一字不错地熟记的240. verify vt. 鉴定,检验,核对241. emulator n. 仿真器,仿真程序 242. splitting n. 分区(裂) 243. console n. 控制台,操作台244. kernel n. 内核(核心)程序245. modifier n. 修改量,变址数246. invalid a. 无效的247. compiler n. 编译程序(器) 248. dot n. 点249. beep n. 蜂鸣声,嘀嘀声250. random a. 随机的251. facility n. 设施,装备,便利252. asynchronous a. 异步的,非同步的253. paste n. 湖,胶,膏254. respect n. & vt. 遵守,关系255. hyphen n. 连字符,短线256. serial a. 串行的,串联的257. retain vt. 保持,维持258. signal n. & v. 信号;发信号259. cpu 控制处理部件260. deactivate vt. 释放,去活化261. initial a. 最初的,初始的262. corrupt v. & a. 恶化;有毛病的263. host n. 主机264. pending a. 悬而未决的,未定的265. boot n. 引导,靴266. magenta n. & a. 深红色(的) 267. opposite a. & n. & ad. 相反的268. override v. & n. 超越,克服269. hex a. & n. 六角形的270. instant a. 立刻的,直接的271. kilobyte n. 千字节(kb) 272. parenthesis n. 括弧,圆括号273. murder n. 弄坏,毁掉274. flush v. 弄平,使齐平275. consecutive a. 连续的,连贯的276. addressing n. 寻址277. prefix n. 前缀278. carousel n. 圆盘传送带279. static a. 静态的,不变的280. assignment n. 赋值,分配281. respectively ad. 分别地282. navigate v. 导航,驾驶283. due a. 到期的,应付(给)的284. descend v. 下降,落下285. alter v. 改变,修改286. track n. 磁道,轨道287. precedence n. 优先权288. skeleton n. 骨架,框架289. log n. & v. 记录,存入290. accessible a. 可以使用的291. configure vt. 使成形292. declared a. 承认的,申报的293. compress vt. 压缩,精减294. graphically ad. 用图表表示295. automatic a. 自动的296. aligned a. 对准的,均衡的 297. terminal n. 终端,端子298. expire v. 终止,期满299. resolution n. 分辨率300. semicolon n. 分号(;)301. critical a. & n. 临界的;临界值302. border n. 边界,框,界限303. cache n. 高速缓存304. fastback n. 快速返回305. hercules n. 大力神,大力士306. trim n. 区标,微调307. substitute v. 代替,替换,代入308. upgrade v. 升级,提高质量309. instance n. & vt. 例子,情况;举例310. elapsed vi. & n. 经过311. nor conj. 也不312. mono a. & n. 单音的313. abort v. & n. 中断,故障314. scatter v. 散射,分散,散布315. convention n. 常规,约定,协定316. conventional a. 常规的,习惯的317. handler n. 处理程序318. processor n. 处理机,处理程序319. desktop a. 台式的320. development n. 开发,研制,显影321. exceed v. 超过,大于322. horizontal a. 水平的,横向的323. alphabetically ad. 按字母表顺序324. reserve vt. 保留,预定,预约325. manifest vt. 表明,显示,显现326. disconnect vt. 拆接,断开,拆线327. clockwise a. 顺时针的328. eliminate vt. 除去,消除,切断329.declaration n. 说明,申报330. icon n. 图符,象征331. layout n. 布置,布局,安排332. appendix n. 附录333. truncate vt. 截尾,截断334. inhibit vt. 禁止 335. register n. 寄存器 336. stuff n. & vt. 材料;装入337. exclude vt. 排除,除去338. lexical a. 辞典的,词法的339. port n. 端口,进出口340. segment n. 段,片段,图块341. identically ad. 相等,恒等342. permanently ad. 永久地,持久地343. accelerator n. 加速装置,加速剂 344. originally ad. 原来,最初345. internally ad. 在内(部) 346. derelict vt. 中途淘汰347. redirect vt. 重定向348. reside vi. 驻留349. header n. 首部,标题,报头350. extra a. 特别的,额外的351. density n. 密度352. master a. 总要的,总的353. recursive a. 递归的,循环的 354. trap n. & vt. 陷阱;俘获355. dimensional n. 尺寸的,…维的356. conjunction n. 逻辑乘,“与”357. interval n. 间歇,区间358. compatibility n. 兼容性,适应性359. express a. 快速的360. volume n. 卷,册,体积,容量361. rated a. 额定的362. odometer n. 里程表,计程仪363. phoenix n. 凤凰,绝世珍品364. easel n. 框,(画)架365. mainframe n. 主机,大型机366. diacritical a. 区分的,辩别的367. confidential a. 机密的368. trace v. 跟踪,追踪369. division n. 除,除法,(程序)部分370. implicit a. 隐式的371. mention vt. & n. 叙述,说到 372. whereas conj. 面,其实,既然373. transform v. & n. 变换,变换式374. align v. & n. 定位,对准375. assist v. & n. 加速,帮助376. upon prep. 依据,遵照377. exhaust v. 取尽,用完378. alpha n. 希腊字母α,未知数379. constant n. 常数380. warranty n. 保证(书),授权381. trigger n. & v. 触发器;触发382. treat v. 处理,加工383. ally v. 联合,与…关联384. exclamation n. 惊叹(号) 385. dynamic a. 动态的,动力的386. foreground n. 前台387. preserve vt. 保存,维持388. vice n. 缺点,毛病,错误 389. stationary a. 静止的,平稳的390. extract vt. 抽取,摘录,开方391. thereafter ad. 此后,据此392. restructure vt. 调整,重新组织393. delimit vt. 定界,定义394. classify vt. 分类,分级395. interfere vi. 干涉,干扰,冲突396. undesirable a. 不合乎需要的397. lot n. 一块(批,组,套) 398. insufficient a. 不足的,不适当的399. salary n. & vt. 薪水;发工资400. pacific a. 平稳的,太平(洋)的401. emphasize v. 强调,着重,增强402. ansi n. 美国国家标准协会403. permanent a. 永久的404. remark n. 评注,备注405. concatenate vt. 连接,串联,并置406. emulate v. 仿真,模仿;赶上或超过407. tape n. 磁带,纸带408. concept n. 概念409. subsequently ad. 其后,其次,按着 410. registration n. 登记,挂号,读数411. designate vt. 任命,标志412. visible a. 可见的,明显的413. consult v. 咨询,顾问414. virtually ad. 实际上415. substantially ad. 实质上,本质上416. primarily ad. 首先,起初,原来 417. sequentially ad. 顺序地418. client n. 顾客,买主419. commercial a. 商业的,经济的420. sheet n. (图)表,纸,片421. context n. 上下文,来龙去脉422. oriented a. 有向的,定向的423. suppressed vt. 抑制,取消424. subroutine n. 子程序425. bracketed a. 加括号的426. manually ad. 用手,手动地427. preset vt. 预置428. autoindex n. 自动变址(数) 429. performance n. 性能,实绩430. distribution n. 分布,分配431. denote vt. 指示,意味着,代表432. replicate vt. 重复,复制433. mega n. 兆,百万 434. conform vi. 遵从,符合435. controller n. 控制器436. pseudo a. 假的,伪的,冒充的437. administrator n. 管理人,行政人员438. ensemble n. 总体,集合体439. bus n. 总线,信息通路440. traverse v. 横渡,横过,横断441. external a. 外部的442. adequate a. 足够的,充分的443. interpretability n. 配合动作性444. vary v. 变化,变换445. gap n. 间隙,间隔,缝隙446. indexing n. 变址,标引,加下标447. package n. 插件,(软件)包448. insertion n. 插入,嵌入,插页449. intervene vi插入,干涉450. overflow v. 溢出,上溢451. compose v. 组成,构成,构图452. snapshot n. 抽点打印453. sensitivity n. 灵敏度454. mach n. 马赫(速度单位) 455. subsequent a. 后来的,其次的456. capitalized a. 大写的457. compact a. 紧致的,压缩的 458. plain n. 明码459. noted a. 著名的460. desirable a. 所希望的,称心的461. substitution n. 代替,替换,置换462. overstrike n. 过打印463. tornado n. 旋风,龙卷风464. ones n. 二进制反码465. parse vt. (语法)分析466. manufacture vt. & n. 制造(业),工业467. restricting n. & a. 限制(的) 468 n. & a. 想象(的),精制的469. fine a. & ad. 微小的,细的470. somewhat pron. & ad. 稍微,有点471. purge v. & n. 清除472. mod a. & n. 时髦的473.mismatch n. & vt. 失配,不匹配 474. ellipsis n. 省略符号,省略(法) 475. parallel a. 并行 476. custom a. & n. 常规的,惯例;用户 477. factory n. 工厂,制造厂478. implement n. & vt. 工具;执行,实现 479. ampersand n. &号(and) 480. proprietary a. 专有的481. vowel n. 元音,母音482. synchronization n. 同步483. comprise vt. 包括,由…组成484. absence n. 缺少,没有485. revolutionize vt. 变革,彻底改革486. constantly ad. 不变地,经常地487. expunge vt. 擦除,删掉488. contrast n. 反差,对比,对比度489. invent vt. 创造,想象490. unshift v. 未移动,不移档 491. complexity n. 复杂性,复杂度492. degrade v. 降低,减少,递降493. suggestion n. 暗示,提醒494. substantial a. 实质的,真正的495. solely ad. 独自,单独,只496. distribute vt. 分布,配线,配给497. capture vt. 俘获,捕捉498 reinstate vt. 复原,恢复499. nicety n. 细节,精细500. roll n. & v. 案卷;卷动,滚动501. exponent n. 指数,阶,幂502. exponential a. 指数的,幂的,阶的503. complicated v. 使复杂化,使混乱504. reactivate v. 使恢复活动505. synchronize v. 使同步506. formation n. 构造,结构,形成507. comma n. 逗号“,”,逗点508. inexperienced a. 不熟练的,外行的509. noninteractive a. 不相关的,非交互的 510. chart n. 图(表)511. dearly ad. 极,非常,昂贵地512. placement n. 布局513. stamp n. 图章514. equation n. 方程,方程式515. discard v. 删除,废除,放弃516. regard vt. 考虑,注意,关系517. potentially ad. 可能地,大概地 518. moreover ad. 况且,并且,此外519. shield v. 屏蔽,罩,防护520. transaction n. 事项,事务,学报521. emulation n. 仿真,仿效 522. dump v. (内存信息)转储523. logged a. 记录的,浸透的524. ware n. 仪器,商品525. disregard vt. 轻视,把…忽略不计526. comparison n. 比较,对照527. programmable a. 可编程的 528. definable a. 可定义的,可确定的529. employe vt. 使用,花费530. defective a. 故障的,有毛病的531 interpretable a. 彼此协作的532. fourscore n. 八十533. procedural a. 程序上的 534. penalty n. 惩罚,罚款,负担535. violate vt. 违犯,妨碍,破坏536. indefinitely ad. 无限地,无穷地537. crop v. 切,剪切538. diagonally ad. 斜(对) 539. avail v. & n. 有益于;利益540. hang v. 中止,暂停,挂起541. craze n. & v. 裂纹开裂 542. acknowledgment n. 接收(收妥),承认543. bypass n. 旁路544. grant vt. 允许,授权545. logarithm n. 对数546. resolve v. 分辨,解像547. separator n. 分隔符548. assortment n. 种类,花色品种 549. growing n. 分类,分组,成群550. scattered a. 分散的551. superimpose vt. 重叠,叠加552. reorganization vt. 重排,改组553. deter vt. 阻止,拦住,妨碍554. moment n. 矩,力矩,磁矩555. rectangular a. 矩形的,成直角的556. tag n. 特征,标记,标识符 557. manipulating v. 操纵,操作558. masking n. 掩蔽,屏蔽559. demonstrate v. 论证,证明,证实560. turnkey n. 总控钥匙561. suspension n. 暂停,中止,挂起562. seamless a. 无缝的563. clipper n. 限幅器,钳位器564. unformatted a. 无格式的565. redundant a. 冗余的566. dependent a. 相关的567. contiguous a. 相连的,邻接的568. association n. 结合,协会,联想569. interpret v. 解释570 assemble v. 汇编,装配571. cad 计算机辅助设计572. arithmetic n. 算术,运算5737. sufficient a. 充足的,足够的574. blast v. & n. 清除;爆炸575. caret n. 插入符号576. socket n. 插座,插孔,插口577 stated a. 规定的578. protocol n. 规约,协议,规程579. esoteric a. 深奥的,奥秘的580. successive a. 逐次的,相继的581. chunk n. 厚块,大部分 582. alignment n. 序列,成直线583. indentation n. 缩进,缩排584. terminology n. 术语585. ascending a. 增长的,向上的586. obsolete a. 作废的,过时的587. accommodate v. 调节,适应588. motif n. 主题,要点,特色589. distinction n. 区别,相异,特性590. fundamental a. 基本的,根本的591. underlying a. 基础的,根本的592. iterative a. 迭代的593. charm n. 吸引力594. hit v. 命中,瞬时干扰595. exceeded a. 过度的,非常的596. numerical a. 数量的,数字的597. combo n. 二进位组合码。

计算机专业 英语第三单元翻译

计算机专业 英语第三单元翻译

第三章:Basic Application Softwareanalytical graph 分析图AutoContent wizard 自动制作内容向导basic application 基本应用bulleted list 项目符号列表business suite 商业组合button 按键cell 单元格character effect 角色效应chart 图表column 列computer trainer 计算机教师contextual tab 上下文件标签database 数据库database management system(DBMS) 数据库管理系统database manager 数据库管理器design template 设计模板dialog box 对话框editing 编辑field 字段find and replace 查找与替换font 字形font size 字体大小/尺码form 表单format 编排;格式化formula 公式function 函数galleries 图文集grammar checker 语法检查器home software 家庭软件home suite 家庭组合icons (计算机屏幕上表示命令、程序的)符号, 图像,图标integrated package 集成组件,完整的软件包label 标签master slide 母片menu 菜单menu bar 菜单栏numbered list 编号列表numeric entry 数字输入personal software 个人软件personal suite 个人软件组pointer 指针presentation graphics 演示图片;电子文稿程序productivity suite 生产组合query 查询range 范围recalculation 重算record 记录relational database 关系数据库report 报告ribbons 带状区row 行sheet 单层表单slide 幻灯片software suite 软件组sort 排序;分类specialized application 专业应用specialized suite 专业组件speech recognition 语音识别spelling checker 拼写检查器spreadsheet 电子制表软件table 表格text entry 文字输入thesaurus 同义词词典toolbar 工具栏utility suite 实用程序组what-if analysis 假定分析window 窗口word processor 文字处理器word wrap 自动换行workbook file 工作簿文件worksheet 工作表As we discussed in Chapter 1, t正如我们在第一章讨论的,有两种软件。

计算机专业英语名词翻译

计算机专业英语名词翻译

第一章(计算机系统概论)digital computer 数字计算机decimal digits 十进制数字binary 二进制bit 位ASCII 美国国家信息交换标准代码computer system 计算机系统hardware system 硬件系统software system 软件系统I/O devices 输入输出设备central processing unit(CPU) 中央处理器memory 存储器application software 应用软件video game 计算机游戏system software 系统软件register 寄存器floating point data浮点数据Boolean布尔值character data字符数据EBCDIC扩充的二十一进制交换代码punched cards穿孔卡片magnetic tape磁带main memory主存vacuum tubes电子管magnetic drum磁鼓transistors晶体管solid-state devices固体器件magnetic cores磁芯integrated circuit(IC)集成电路silicon chip硅芯片multiprogramming多道程序设计timessharing分时分时技术minicomputers小型计算机mainframe大型计算机large-scaleintegrated(LSI)大规模集成very-large-scale integrated(VLSI)超大规模集成word processing文字处理eletronic spreedsheets电子表格database management programs数据库管理程序desktop publishing桌面印刷personalcomputer(PC)个人计算机microcomputer微型计算机storage capacities存储容量stand-alone computer独立计算机local area network(LAN)局域网peripheral devices外部设备assembly line流水线supercomputer巨型计算机第二章(计算机系统结构)memmory subsystem存储子系统I/O subsystem输入输出子系统bus总线system bus系统总线chip 芯片address bus地址总线instructions指令memory location存储单元data bus数据总线control bus控制总线local bus 局部总线microprocessor微处理器register set寄存器组arithmetic logic unit(ALU)运算器clock cycle时钟周期control unit控制器computer architecture计算机体系结构introduction format指令格式addressing modes寻址方式introduction set指令集internal memory内存main memory主存Random Access Memory(RAM)随机存取存储器Read Only Memory (ROM)只读存储器secondary storage副主存储器vitual memory虚拟存储器Dynamic RAM(DRAM)动态存储器refresh circuitry刷新电路Static RAM(SRAM)静态RAMcache memory高速缓冲存储器masked ROM掩膜ROMPROM可编程RAMEPROM可擦写PROMultraviolet light紫外线EEPROM or EEPROM电擦写PROMbasic input/output system(BIOS)基本输入输出系统flash EEPROM 快闪存储器memory hierarchy 存储器体系结构auxiliary memory 辅助存储器storage memory 存储容量keyboard 键盘alphanumeric key字母数字键function key 功能键cursor key 光标键numeric keypad 数字键mouse 鼠标touch screen触屏infrared ray红外线monitor 监视器display screen显示屏laser printer激光打印机ink-jet printer喷墨打印机dot-matrix printer点针式打印机modem调制解调器input-output interface(I/O interface)输入输出接口peripheral外部设备,外设interrupt中断program counter程序计数器vectored interrupt向量中断nonvectored interrupt非向量中断interrupt vector中断向量Direct Memory Acess(DMA)直接存储器存取timeout超时第三单元(计算机体系结构)parallel processing 并行操作serial operations 串行操作instructions stream 指令流data dream 数据流SISD 单指令单数据流SIMD 单指令多数据流MISD 多指令单数据流MIMD 多指令多数据流pipeline processing 流水线处理combinational circuit 组合电路multiplier 乘法器adder 加法器clock pulse 时钟脉冲vector processing 向量处理one-dimensional array 一维数组scalar processer 标量处理器vector instructions 向量指令CISC 复杂指令集计算机decoder 译码器RISC 精简指令集计算机backward compatibility 向下兼容第四单元(算法与数据结构)algorithm 算法parallel algotithm 并行算法primitive 原语syntax 语法semantics 语义pseudocode 伪码exhaustive search 穷举搜索divide-and-conquer algorithm 分治算法dynamic programming 动态规划bottom-up 自上而下top-down 自下而上array 数组one-dimensional array 一维数组pointer 指针program counter 程序计数器instruction pointer 指令指针list 列表linked list 链表singly-linked list 单向链表double-linked list 双向链表circularly-linked list 循环链表FIFO 先进先出LIFO 后进先出stack 栈push 压栈pop 出栈stack pointer 栈指针queue 队列tree 树root 根level 层次degree of a node 结点的度depth of a tree树的深度binary tree 二叉树traversal 遍历M-way search tree M向搜索树第五章(编程语言)Program 程序Program language 程序设计语言Software engineering 软件工程Pseudocode 伪码Flowchart 流程图Coding 编码Program testing 程序测试Desk-checking 手工检查Documentation 文档User documentation 用户文档Operator documentation 操作员文档Programmer documentation 程序员文档Machine language 机器语言Assembly languages 汇编语言High-level languages 高级语言RAD(rapid application development) 快速应用开发Natural language 自然语言Artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能Compile 编译Assemble 汇编Source code 源代码Object code 目标代码Linker 连接器Executable file 可执行文件Object-oriented programming 面向对象的程序设计Object 对象Class 类ADT(abstract data type)抽象数据类型Member variable 成员变量Class variable 类变量Member function 成员函数Inheritance 继承Derived class 派生类Overload 超载Message 消息Static binding 静态绑定Dynamic binding 动态绑定Polymorphism 多态性Visual programming 可视化编程Markup language 标记语言HTML(hyper text markup language)超文本标记语言Hyperlink 超链接XML(extensible markup language) 可扩展标记语言Java virtual machine java虚拟机第六章(操作系统)Application software 应用软件System software 系统软件Utility software 实用软件Operating system(OS)操作系统Shell 操作系统的外壳程序Graphical user interface(GUI)图形用户界面Kernel 内核Serial processing 串行处理Job 作业Batch processing 批处理Simple batch systems 简单批处理系统Multiprogrammed batch systems 多道程序批处理系统Monitor 监控程序Scheduler 调度程序Multiprogramming 多道程序Multitasking 多任务Time-sharing systems 分时系统Uniprogramming 单道进程Process 进程Process management 进程管理Process control block 进程控制块Mutual exclusion 互斥Multiprocessing 多处理,多进程Distributed processing 分布式管理Concurrent processes 并发处理Deadlock 死锁Synchronize process同步处理Semaphore 信号量Reusable resource 可复用性资源I/O buffers 输入/输出缓冲区I/O channel 输入/输出通道Deadlock prevention 死锁预防Deadlock detection 死锁检测Deadlock avoidance 死锁避免Virtual memory 虚拟内存Logical reference 逻辑引用Real addresse 实地址Paging 分页Segmentation 分段Virtual address 虚拟地址Physical addresses 物理地址Real-time process 实时处理File management 文件管理Plug and play(PnP) 即插即用第七单元(应用软件)application software 应用软件word processing 字处理软件spreadsheet 电子表格personal finance 个人理财presentation graphic 演示图形database manager 数据库管理软件groupware 群件desktop accessory 桌面辅助工具browsers 浏览区desktop publishing 桌面印刷project management 项目管理CAD 计算机辅助设计CAM 计算机辅助制造multimedia authoring 多媒体发布animation 动画MIDI 乐器数字化接口speech synthesis 语音合成insertion point 插入点scroll bar 滚动条window 窗口menu bar 菜单栏pull-down menu 下拉式菜单Button 按钮toolbar 工具条dialog box 对话框default value 缺省值(默认值)macro 宏OLE 对象链接和嵌入clipboard 剪切板column 列row 行cell 单元格cell address 单元格地址cell pointer 单元格指针formula 公式function 函数bar chart 柱形图line chart 线图pie chart 圆饼图workflow software 工作流软件PIM 个人信息管理软件Web browser 浏览器World Wide Web 万维网home page 主页第八单元(数据库)DBMS 数据库管理系统instance 实例schema 模式physical schema 物理模式存储模式内模式logical schema 逻辑模式概念模式模式subschema 子模式外模式data independence 数据独立性physical data independence 物理数据独立性logical data independence 逻辑数据独立性data model 数据模型entity-relationship model 实体联系模型object-oriented model 面向对象模型semantic data model 语义数据类型functional data model 功能数据模型entity 实体entity set 实体集mapping cardinality 映射基数abstract data type 抽象数据类型attribute 属性relation 关系tuple 元组primary key 主键super key 超健candidate key 候选键foreign key 外键DDL 数据定义语言data dictionary 数据字典DML 数据操纵语言procedure DML 过程化DML nonprocedure DML 非过程化DMLSQL 结构化查询语言view 视图the relational algebra 关系代数the tuple relational calculus 元组关系演算atomicity 原子性consistency 一致性duration 持久性transaction 事物DBA 数据库管理员。

计算机专业词汇英语翻译

计算机专业词汇英语翻译

Guest editora vehicle of 一种手段productivity生产力perceive 感知empirical means:经验方法the prolonged exponential growth:长期的指数增长Fidelity:保真度energy harvesting:能源获取Ubiquitous computing:普适计算Photosynthesis :光合作用incident light 入射光coated 覆盖的humidity 湿度moisture gradients:湿气梯度semiconductor fabrication:半导体制造Acoustic:声学的Miniaturization:小型化Photons:光子,量子Concentrations:浓度Tailored:定制的Spectrum:光谱sophisticated heterogeneous systems:复杂的异构系统Fusion:融合=aggregationQualitative 定性的Diffusion:扩散duty-cycle:占空比spatial dimension:空间范围Dissemination:散播Pervasive:普遍的Trajectory:轨道Ambient:周围的②leachMicrosensors:微传感器Cluster: 名词:簇动词:分簇Cluster head:簇头Hierarchy 分层Application-Specific 应用相关的In terms of 按照Aggregate聚合Diffusion:传播Dissipated:耗散Timeline 时间轴Backs off:后退Dissipation:耗散spread-spectrum:扩频intra-cluster:簇内Outperform:胜过③pegasisHomogeneous:同质的fusion :融合aggregationFuse:v. 融合Humidity:湿度Beacon:信标timestamp 时间戳in terms of :就...而言greedy approach:贪婪算法truncated chain:截断链Critical:关键的propagation delays:传播延迟Dissipate:v.发散SNR:信噪比Joules:焦耳The upper bound:上限tier:等级token :令牌,象征Dense:密集的Sparse:稀疏的Heuristic:启发式Outperforms:胜过Preliminary:初步的Exponential:指数的traveling salesman problem 旅行商问题tradeoff 代价④z-macLatency:时间延迟Robust:鲁棒性slot assignment:时隙分配multiple access control:多址接入控制Aggregate:聚合duty cycle:占空比the overhead of:开销Vendors:厂商surface-mount:表面贴装hand-soldering:手工焊接Predetermined:预定的Stochastic:随机的Explicit Contention Notification:明确竞争通知Unicast:单播Congestion:拥塞Benchmark:基准Preamble:头部⑤A building。

专业英语术语翻译整理

专业英语术语翻译整理

central processing unit 中央处理单元plug and play即插即用electronic commerce电子商务artificial intelligence人工智能URL(Uniform Resource Locator)网址software life cycle软件生命周期e-journal 电子期刊FAQ(Frequently Asked Question)常问问题network security 网络安全objective-oriented 以目标为导向Trojan horse 木马ink cartridge 墨盒object linking and embedding (OLE)对象链接和嵌入procedural language 程序语言Windows socket 窗口操作系统插座character set字集cost effectiveness成本效益run a computer program 运行的计算机程序event-driven programming 事件驱动编程scroll bar 滚动条analogue computer模拟计算机polymorphism多态性rotating shafts and gears 旋转轴和齿轮numerical approximation 数值逼近equation 方程middleware中间件integrated circuit 集成电路transistor 晶体管fabricate 编造scalability可扩展性silicon substrate 硅衬底throughput吞吐量operating instruction 操作指令microminiaturization 微型化superconductivity超导parser分析器convergence收敛Data Modification Language (DML)数据修改语言Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM)分布式组件对象模型electronic bulletin board电子公告板Random Access Memory (RAM)随机存取存储器assignment statement赋值语句relational database关系型数据库data access数据访问bootstrap sector引导扇区system expandability系统的可扩展性entity relationship diagram实体关系图permanent table永久表clustered index聚集索引synchronization同步file transfer protocol (FTP)文件传输协议load balancing负载均衡data encryption数据加密graphical user interface (GUI) 图形用户界面universal serial bus (USB)通用串行总线OSI(Open System Interconnection)开放系统互连virtual reality虚拟现实liquid crystal display (LCD) 液晶显示器database management system (DBMS)数据库管理系统development tool开发工具peer-to-peer network对等网络prototype原型赋值语句Assignment statement非易失性 Nonvolatile(NV)关系数据库Relational Database数据存取Data Access外围设备Peripheral Equipment系统可扩展性 System scalability多核处理器Multi-core processors实体关系图Entity Relationship Diagram(ERD)派生类 Derived class数据修改语言 Data Modification Language神经网络Neural Network永久(固定)表Permanent (fixed) Table簇索引Clustered index体系结构框架 Architecture Framework分布式组件对象模型 Distributed Component Object Model对象关系数据库Object-Relational Database电子公告板Electronic bulletin board随机存储器Random Access Memory(RAM)网络适配器 Network Adapter文件传输协议File Transfer Protocol(TCP)负载平衡Load Balancing嵌入式操作系统 Embedded operating system图形用户接口Graphical User Interface通用串行总线Universal Serial Bus(USB)Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model 开放式系统互联参考模型液晶显示器LCD display数字用户线路 Digital Subscriber Line(DSL)数据库管理系统Database Management Systems开发工具 Development Tools元数据 Metadata对等网络 Peer network谓词演算Predicate calculus。

计算机专业英语名词(缩写及翻译)

计算机专业英语名词(缩写及翻译)

AAT(Average access time,平均存取时间)ABS(Auto Balance System,自动平衡系统)AM(Acoustic Management,声音管理)ASC(Advanced Size Check,高级尺寸检查)ASMO(Advanced Storage Magneto-Optical,增强形光学存储器)AST(Average Seek time,平均寻道时间)ATA(Advanced Technology Attachment,高级技术附加装置)ATOMM(Advanced super Thin-layer and high-Output Metal Media,增强形超薄高速金属媒体)BBS(BIOS Boot Specification,基本输入/输出系统启动规范)BPI(Bit Per Inch,位/英寸)bps(bit per second,位/秒)bps(byte per second,字节/秒)CAM(Common Access Model,公共存取模型)CF(CompactFlash Card,紧凑型闪存卡)CHS(Cylinders、Heads、Sectors,柱面、磁头、扇区)CSS(Common Command Set,通用指令集)DBI(dynamic bus inversion,动态总线倒置)DIT(Disk Inspection Test,磁盘检查测试)DMA(Direct Memory Access,直接内存存取)DTR(Disk Transfer Rate,磁盘传输率)EIDE(enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics,增强形电子集成驱动器)eSATA(External Serial ATA,扩展型串行ATA)FDB(fluid-dynamic bearings,动态轴承)FAT(File Allocation T ables,文件分配表)FC(Fibre Channel,光纤通道)FDBM(Fluid dynamic bearing motors,液态轴承马达)FDB(Fluid Dynamic Bearing,非固定动态轴承)FDC(Floppy Disk Controller,软盘驱动器控制装置)FDD(Floppy Disk Driver,软盘驱动器)GMR(giant magnetoresistive,巨型磁阻)HDA(Head Disk Assembly,头盘组件)HiFD(high-capacity floppy disk,高容量软盘)IDE(Integrated Drive Electronics,电子集成驱动器)IPEAK SPT(Intel Performance Evaluation and Analysis Kit - Storage Performance Toolkit,英特尔性能评估和分析套件- 存储性能工具包)JBOD(Just a Bunch Of Disks,磁盘连续捆束阵列)LBA(Logical Block Addressing,逻辑块寻址)MR(Magneto-resistive Heads,磁阻磁头)MBR(Master Boot Record,主引导记录)ms(Millisecond,毫秒)MSR(Magnetically induced Super Resolution,磁感应超分辨率)MTBF(Mean Time Before Failure,平均无故障时间)NQC(Native Queuing Command,内部序列命令)NTFS(Net Technology File System,新技术文件系统)OTF(on-the-fly,高速数据传输错误纠正)PCBA(Pring Circuit Board Assembly,印刷电路电路板组件)PIO(Programmed Input Output,可编程输入输出模式)PRML(Partial Response Maximum Likelihood,最大可能部分反应,用于提高磁盘读写传输率)RAID(Redundant Array of Independent Disks,独立磁盘冗余阵列)RAID(Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks ,廉价磁盘冗余阵列)RPM(Rotation Per Minute,转/分)RSD: Removable Storage Device(移动式存储设备)RST(Read Service Times,读取服务时间)SAMS(Seagate's Advanced Multi Drive System,希捷高级多硬盘系统)SAS(Serial Attached SCSI,串行SCSI)SATA(Serial ATA,串行ATA)SBT(sound barrier technology,声音阻碍技术)SCSI(Small Computer System Interface,小型计算机系统接口)SCMA:SCSI Configured Auto Magically,SCSI自动配置SLDRAM(Synchnonous Link DRAM,同步链路内存)S.M.A.R.T.(Self-Monitoring, Analysis and ReportingTechnology,自动监测、分析和报告技术)SPS(Shock Protection System,抗震保护系统)SSO(simultaneously switching outputs,同时开关输出)STA(SCSI Trade Association,SCSI同业公会)STR(sequential transfer rates,连续内部数据传输率)TCQ(tagged command queuing,标签命令序列)TFI(Thin-Film Inducted Heads,薄膜感应磁头)TPI (Track Per Inch,磁道/英寸)Ultra CF(Ultra CompactFlash Card,超级紧凑型闪存卡)Ultra DMA(Ultra Direct Memory Access,超高速直接内存存取)LVD(Low Voltage Differential)Wpcom(Write-Precompensation Cylinders,写电流补偿柱面数)WST(Write Service Times,写入服务时间)AAM(Automatic Acoustic Management,自动机械声学管理)CBDS(Continuous Background Defect Scanning,连续后台错误扫描)DiscWizard(磁盘控制软件)DST(Drive Self Test,磁盘自检程序)SeaShield(防静电防撞击外壳)ADIP(Address In Pre-Groove,预凹槽寻址)ASPI(Advanced SCSI Programming Interface,高级SCSI可编程接口)ATAPI(AT Attachment Packet Interface,AT扩展包接口)BCF(Boot Catalog File,启动目录文件)BURN-Proof(Buffer UnderRuN-Proof,防止缓冲区溢出,三洋的刻录保护技术)BIF(Boot Image File,启动映像文件)CAV(Constant Angular Velocity,恒定角速度)CD(Compact Disc)CDR(CD Recordable,可记录光盘)CD-ROM/XA(CD-ROM eXtended Architecture,唯读光盘增强形架构)CDRW(CD-Rewritable,可重复刻录光盘)CLV(Constant Linear Velocity,恒定线速度)DAE(digital Audio Extraction,数据音频抓取)DAO(Disc At Once,整盘刻录)DAO-RAW(Disc At Once Read after Write,整盘刻录-写后读)DDSS(Double Dynamic Suspension System,双悬浮动态减震系统)DDSS II(Double Dynamic Suspension System II,第二代双层动力悬吊系统)DVD(Digital Video/Versatile Disk,数字视频/万能光盘)DVD-R(DVD Recordable,可记录DVD盘)DVD-RW(DVD Rewritable,可重复刻录DVD盘)DVD-RAM(Digital Video/Versatile Disk - Random AccessMemory,随机存储数字视频/万能光盘)ESER(EAC Secure Extract Ripping,EAC安全抓取复制)GM(Glass Mould,玻璃铸制)GSM(Galvanization Superconductive Material,电镀锌超导材料)IPW(Incremental Packet Writing,增量包刻录)LIMDOW(Light Intensity Modulation Direct OverWrite,光学调制直接覆盖)LG(Land Groove,岸地凹槽)MAMMOS(magnetic amplifying magneto-optical system,磁畴放大播放系统)MD(MiniDisc,微型光盘)ML(multi-level,多层光盘技术)MO(Magneto Optical,磁光盘)OTF(On The Fly,飞速刻录)OWSC(Optimum Write Speed Control、优化写入速度控制)PCAV(Part Constant Angular Velocity,部分恒定角速度)PPLS(Pure Phase Laser System,纯相位激光系统)RS-PC(Reed-Solomon Product Code,里德所罗门编码)RLL(Run Length limited,运行长度限制码)SACD(Super Audio CD,超级音频CD)SAO(Sessino At Once,区段刻录)SARC(Super-Advanced Rapid Cooling,超高级快速冷却)SC(Spin Coat,旋转覆盖)SCM(Spin Coat Method,旋压覆盖法)SLL(SeamLess Link,无缝连接)SMT(Superconductive Microtherm Technology,超导体散热材料)Super RENS(super resolution near-field structure,超精细近场结构)TAO(Track At Once,轨道刻录)TBW(Thermo Balanced Writing,热电平衡写入)VCD(Video COMPACT DISC,视频CD)VIPC(Intelligent Variable Power Correct,智能变功纠错技术)WD(Working Distance,工作距离)SOS(Smart Object Salvation,智能目标分析拯救系统)TADS(Target Acquisition and Designantion For DVD,DVD目标获取和指定)AAS(Automatic Area Seagment?)dpi(dot per inch,每英寸的打印像素)ECP(Extended Capabilities Port,延长能力端口)EPP(Enhanced Parallel Port,增强形平行接口)IPP(Internet Printing Protocol,因特网打印协议)MPT(Micro Piezo Technology,微针点压电)ppm(paper per minute,页/分)SPP(Standard Parallel Port,标准并行口)TA(Thermo Autochrome,全彩色感热式热感打印)TB(Thermal Bubble,热泡式)TET(Text Enhanced Technology,文本增强技术)USBDCDPD(Universal Serial Bus Device Class Definition for Printing Devices,打印设备的通用串行总线级标准)VD(Variable Dot,变点式列印)CIS(Contact Image Sensors,接触图像传感器)TWAIN(Toolkit Without An Interesting Name,无注名工具包协议)ADT(Advanced DRAM Technology,高级内存技术)ANSI(American National Standards Institute,美国国立标准协会)BAD(Best Amiga Dominators)CBF: Cable Broadband Forum,电缆宽带论坛CEA(Consumer Electronics Association,消费者电子协会)CEMA(Consumer Electronics Manufacturing Association(消费者电子制造业协会)CPE: Customer Premise Equipment(用户预定设备)CSA(Canadian Standards Association,加拿大标准协会)DCA: Defense Communication Agency,国防部通信局DOJ: Department of Justice(反不正当竞争部门)DSP: Delivery Service Partner(交付服务合伙人)DVB:Digital Video Broadcasting,数字视频广播E3(Electronic Entertainment Expo,电子娱乐展览会)EFF: Electronic Frontier Foundation(电子前线基金会)EPA(Environmental Protection Agency,美国环境保护局)ETRI(Electronics and Telecommunications ResearchInstitute,电子和电信研究协会)FCC(Federal Communications Commission,联邦通信委员会)FTC(Federal Trade Commission,联邦商业委员会)GDC(Game Developer Conference,游戏发展商会议)HTTC(HyperTransport Technology Consortium,HyperTransport技术协会)ICT(Information and Communications Technology,信息和通讯技术)IEC(International Electrotechnical Commission,国际电子技术委员会)ISSCC(International Solid-State Circuits Conference,国际晶体管电路讨论会)ICSA: International Computer SecurityAssociation(国际计算机安全协会),它的前身为NCSA(National ComputerSecurity Association,国家计算机安全协会)ITU(International Telecommunications Union,国际电信同盟)IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,电子电路工程师协会)IETF(Internet Engineering T ask Force,因特网工程任务组)IFWP: International Forum White Paper,国际白皮书论坛ISC(International Steering Committee,国际筹划指导委员会)ISO/MPEG: International Standard Organization's Moving PictureExpert Group(国际标准化组织的活动图片专家组)ISOM(International Symposium on Optical Memory,光盘国际会议)ISSCC(IEEE International Solid-State CircuitsConference,IEEE国际固态电路协议)ITAA: Information Technology Association of American,美国信息技术协会ITWG(international technology working groups,国际技术工作组)JCIA(Japan Camera Industry Association,日本摄影机工业协会)。

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第一章(计算机系统概论)digital computer 数字计算机decimal digits 十进制数字binary 二进制bit 位ASCII 美国国家信息交换标准代码computer system 计算机系统hardware system 硬件系统software system 软件系统I/O devices 输入输出设备central processing unit(CPU) 中央处理器memory 存储器application software 应用软件video game 计算机游戏system software 系统软件register 寄存器floating point data浮点数据Boolean布尔值character data字符数据EBCDIC扩充的二十一进制交换代码punched cards穿孔卡片magnetic tape磁带main memory主存vacuum tubes电子管magnetic drum磁鼓transistors晶体管solid-state devices固体器件magnetic cores磁芯integrated circuit(IC)集成电路silicon chip硅芯片multiprogramming多道程序设计timessharing分时分时技术minicomputers小型计算机mainframe大型计算机large-scaleintegrated(LSI)大规模集成very-large-scale integrated(VLSI)超大规模集成word processing文字处理eletronic spreedsheets电子表格database management programs数据库管理程序desktop publishing桌面印刷personalcomputer(PC)个人计算机microcomputer微型计算机storage capacities存储容量stand-alone computer独立计算机local area network(LAN)局域网peripheral devices外部设备assembly line流水线supercomputer巨型计算机第二章(计算机系统结构)memmory subsystem存储子系统I/O subsystem输入输出子系统bus总线system bus系统总线chip 芯片address bus地址总线instructions指令memory location存储单元data bus数据总线control bus控制总线local bus 局部总线microprocessor微处理器register set寄存器组arithmetic logic unit(ALU)运算器clock cycle时钟周期control unit控制器computer architecture计算机体系结构introduction format指令格式addressing modes寻址方式introduction set指令集internal memory内存main memory主存Random Access Memory(RAM)随机存取存储器Read Only Memory (ROM)只读存储器secondary storage副主存储器vitual memory虚拟存储器Dynamic RAM(DRAM)动态存储器refresh circuitry刷新电路Static RAM(SRAM)静态RAMcache memory高速缓冲存储器masked ROM掩膜ROMPROM可编程RAMEPROM可擦写PROMultraviolet light紫外线EEPROM or EEPROM电擦写PROMbasic input/output system(BIOS)基本输入输出系统flash EEPROM 快闪存储器memory hierarchy 存储器体系结构auxiliary memory 辅助存储器storage memory 存储容量keyboard 键盘alphanumeric key字母数字键function key 功能键cursor key 光标键numeric keypad 数字键mouse 鼠标touch screen触屏infrared ray红外线monitor 监视器display screen显示屏laser printer激光打印机ink-jet printer喷墨打印机dot-matrix printer点针式打印机modem调制解调器input-output interface(I/O interface)输入输出接口peripheral外部设备,外设interrupt中断program counter程序计数器vectored interrupt向量中断nonvectored interrupt非向量中断interrupt vector中断向量Direct Memory Acess(DMA)直接存储器存取timeout超时第三单元(计算机体系结构)parallel processing 并行操作serial operations 串行操作instructions stream 指令流data dream 数据流SISD 单指令单数据流SIMD 单指令多数据流MISD 多指令单数据流MIMD 多指令多数据流pipeline processing 流水线处理combinational circuit 组合电路multiplier 乘法器adder 加法器clock pulse 时钟脉冲vector processing 向量处理one-dimensional array 一维数组scalar processer 标量处理器vector instructions 向量指令CISC 复杂指令集计算机decoder 译码器RISC 精简指令集计算机backward compatibility 向下兼容第四单元(算法与数据结构)algorithm 算法parallel algotithm 并行算法primitive 原语syntax 语法semantics 语义pseudocode 伪码exhaustive search 穷举搜索divide-and-conquer algorithm 分治算法dynamic programming 动态规划bottom-up 自上而下top-down 自下而上array 数组one-dimensional array 一维数组pointer 指针program counter 程序计数器instruction pointer 指令指针list 列表linked list 链表singly-linked list 单向链表double-linked list 双向链表circularly-linked list 循环链表FIFO 先进先出LIFO 后进先出stack 栈push 压栈pop 出栈stack pointer 栈指针queue 队列tree 树root 根level 层次degree of a node 结点的度depth of a tree树的深度binary tree 二叉树traversal 遍历M-way search tree M向搜索树第五章(编程语言)Program 程序Program language 程序设计语言Software engineering 软件工程Pseudocode 伪码Flowchart 流程图Coding 编码Program testing 程序测试Desk-checking 手工检查Documentation 文档User documentation 用户文档Operator documentation 操作员文档Programmer documentation 程序员文档Machine language 机器语言Assembly languages 汇编语言High-level languages 高级语言RAD(rapid application development) 快速应用开发Natural language 自然语言Artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能Compile 编译Assemble 汇编Source code 源代码Object code 目标代码Linker 连接器Executable file 可执行文件Object-oriented programming 面向对象的程序设计Object 对象Class 类ADT(abstract data type)抽象数据类型Member variable 成员变量Class variable 类变量Member function 成员函数Inheritance 继承Derived class 派生类Overload 超载Message 消息Static binding 静态绑定Dynamic binding 动态绑定Polymorphism 多态性Visual programming 可视化编程Markup language 标记语言HTML(hyper text markup language)超文本标记语言Hyperlink 超链接XML(extensible markup language) 可扩展标记语言Java virtual machine java虚拟机第六章(操作系统)Application software 应用软件System software 系统软件Utility software 实用软件Operating system(OS)操作系统Shell 操作系统的外壳程序Graphical user interface(GUI)图形用户界面Kernel 内核Serial processing 串行处理Job 作业Batch processing 批处理Simple batch systems 简单批处理系统Multiprogrammed batch systems 多道程序批处理系统Monitor 监控程序Scheduler 调度程序Multiprogramming 多道程序Multitasking 多任务Time-sharing systems 分时系统Uniprogramming 单道进程Process 进程Process management 进程管理Process control block 进程控制块Mutual exclusion 互斥Multiprocessing 多处理,多进程Distributed processing 分布式管理Concurrent processes 并发处理Deadlock 死锁Synchronize process同步处理Semaphore 信号量Reusable resource 可复用性资源I/O buffers 输入/输出缓冲区I/O channel 输入/输出通道Deadlock prevention 死锁预防Deadlock detection 死锁检测Deadlock avoidance 死锁避免Virtual memory 虚拟内存Logical reference 逻辑引用Real addresse 实地址Paging 分页Segmentation 分段Virtual address 虚拟地址Physical addresses 物理地址Real-time process 实时处理File management 文件管理Plug and play(PnP) 即插即用第七单元(应用软件)application software 应用软件word processing 字处理软件spreadsheet 电子表格personal finance 个人理财presentation graphic 演示图形database manager 数据库管理软件groupware 群件desktop accessory 桌面辅助工具browsers 浏览区desktop publishing 桌面印刷project management 项目管理CAD 计算机辅助设计CAM 计算机辅助制造multimedia authoring 多媒体发布animation 动画MIDI 乐器数字化接口speech synthesis 语音合成insertion point 插入点scroll bar 滚动条window 窗口menu bar 菜单栏pull-down menu 下拉式菜单Button 按钮toolbar 工具条dialog box 对话框default value 缺省值(默认值)macro 宏OLE 对象链接和嵌入clipboard 剪切板column 列row 行cell 单元格cell address 单元格地址cell pointer 单元格指针formula 公式function 函数bar chart 柱形图line chart 线图pie chart 圆饼图workflow software 工作流软件PIM 个人信息管理软件Web browser 浏览器World Wide Web 万维网home page 主页第八单元(数据库)DBMS 数据库管理系统instance 实例schema 模式physical schema 物理模式存储模式内模式logical schema 逻辑模式概念模式模式subschema 子模式外模式data independence 数据独立性physical data independence 物理数据独立性logical data independence 逻辑数据独立性data model 数据模型entity-relationship model 实体联系模型object-oriented model 面向对象模型semantic data model 语义数据类型functional data model 功能数据模型entity 实体entity set 实体集mapping cardinality 映射基数abstract data type 抽象数据类型attribute 属性relation 关系tuple 元组primary key 主键super key 超健candidate key 候选键foreign key 外键DDL 数据定义语言data dictionary 数据字典DML 数据操纵语言procedure DML 过程化DML nonprocedure DML 非过程化DMLSQL 结构化查询语言view 视图the relational algebra 关系代数the tuple relational calculus 元组关系演算atomicity 原子性consistency 一致性duration 持久性transaction 事物DBA 数据库管理员。

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