计算机专业英语2008影印版选择题的翻译加答案
2008版计算机英语翻译
一．市场的概念P2（市场是商品经济中生产者与消费者之间为实现产品或服务的价值，所进行的满足需求的交换关系·交换条件·交换过程的统称）1.市场是建立在社会分工和商品生产基础上的交换关系。
2. 现实市场的存在要有软干基本条件。
市场的形成要素：消费者；产品或服务；交易条件。
3. 买方需求是决定性的。
4. 市场＝人口＋购买欲望＋购买力二．消费者市场与消费者购买行为影响因素（个体因素·环境因素·企业市场营销因素·文化因素·心理因素等）P871.消费者购买决策过程（分为认识问题·信息收集·产品评价·购买决策和购后行为等五个阶段）2.消费者个体因素（1）消费者心理因素：如消费者年龄.性别.健康状况等，（2）心理因素：感知认识（3）行为因素：消费者外在的可见的行为（4）经济因素：收入3.环境因素：消费者外部世界中所有能对环境产生影响的物质和社会要素的总和4.市场营销因素：企业在市场营销活动中可以控制的因素，宝库奥产品因素·价格因素·渠道因素和促销因素三．组织市场的类型和特点P111类型（生产者市场，中间商市场，非营利组织市场和政府市场）1.生产者市场指购买产品或服务用于制造其他产品或服务，然后销售或租赁给他人以获取利润的单位和个人2.中间商市场也称转卖者市场，指购买产品用于转售或租赁以获取利润的单位或个人，包括批发商或零售商）3.非营利组织泛指所有不以盈利为目的，不从事营利性活动的组织4.政府市场指为了执行政府职能而购买或租用产品的各级政府和下属各部门特点：1．购买者比较少。
2．购买数量大。
3．供需双方关系密切。
4．购买者的地理位置相对集中。
5．派生需求。
6．需求弹性小。
7．需求波动大。
8．专业人员采购9．影响购买的人多。
10.销售访问多11．直接采购。
12．互惠购买。
13．租赁四．营销信息系统的构成P1341.内部报告系统。
计算机专业英语2008影印版-复习资料
Unit 11.Operating systems are programs that coordinate computer resources,provide an interfacebetween user and the computer,and run applications. 协调计算机资源,用户和计算机之间提供一个接口,运行应用程序。
2.Device drivers are specialized programs designed to allow particular input or output devicesto communicate with the rest of the computer system. 设备驱动程序是专门的程序设计为允许特定的输入或输出设备与计算机系统的其余部分。
3.System unit:the system unit is a container that houses most of the electronic components thatmake up a computer system. 系统单元:系统单元是一个容器,房子的大部分电子元件组成一个计算机系统。
4.Optical discs use laser technology and have the greatest capacity光盘使用激光技术和具有最大的能力5.*Connectivity is the capability of your microcomputer to share information with othercomputers连接是微机的功能与其他计算机共享信息6.Procedures are rules or guidelines to follow when using software,hardware,and date.they aretypically documented in manuals written by computer professionals. 程序规则或指导方针在使用软件,硬件,和日期。
计算机专业英语2008影印版句子词语翻译(小抄版)
○11.Visual chapter openers and summaries具视觉效果的开篇和总结2.On the Web explorations 网络资源3.Tips 小贴士，小窍门4.Making IT work for you 为你所用5.Concept checks and review 检查6.Key terms 核心词汇7.Careers in IT 信息技术相关职业8.Procedures (指令，操作说明)9.Software (软件)10.Hardware (硬件)11.Blocking spam 垃圾邮件过滤软件12.Speech Recognition 语音识别软件13.Virus Protection and Internet Security14.网络安全软件 Tuner Cards and Video Clips电视卡和视频编辑软件16.Web Cams and Instant Messaging网络视频摄像头和即时通讯17.Music from the Internet网络音乐下载、上传和编辑18.Home Networking 家庭网络19.Spyware Removal 间谍软件移除工具20.Job Opportunities 网络就业机会搜索软件21.Operation system 操作系统22.Coordinate resources 协调资源23.Interface 提供接口24.Run applications 运行应用程序25.Utilities 公共实用程序26.Device drivers 设备驱动程序27.Browser 浏览器程序28.Microsoft Office 办公软件29.Basic application 基础应用程序itary or Government军事政府31.Research institute 研究机构32.Insurance companies 保险公司33.Mainframe computers 大型机，主机34.Supercomputers 超级计算机35.Minicomputers 中型电脑36.Microcomputers 微机个人计算机37.Desktop computer 台式电脑38.Notebook computer, laptop computers手提式、膝上轻便电脑39.Tablet PC 支持手写的平板电脑40.Handheld computer 掌上电脑41.Windows mobile 操作系统42.Electronic Dictionary 电子词典43.Palm computer 掌上电脑44.Handheld computer 手持电脑itary PDA 军用PDA46.System unit：microprocessor and memory微处理器和内存47.Input/output devices 输入和输出48.Keyboard 键盘49.Mouse 鼠标50.Monitor 显示器printer 打印机51.Secondary storage 辅助存储器pact discs (CD) 激光盘53.Digital versatile or video discs (DVD) 数字化视频光盘54.High-definition discs (HDD) 高清盘55.Document files 文字处理56.Worksheet files 工作表单57.Database files 数据库文件58.Presentation files 演示文件puter competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills-indispensable tools for today.2.Present an overview of an information system 概述信息系统3.Understand these basic parts and how connectivity through the Internet.5大组成部分及如何访问网络4.Filled out computerized forms, took computerized tests 填写电脑化的表格和考试5.People are surely the most important part of any information system. 人是信息系统中最重要的组成元素6.Our lives are touched every day by computers and information systems. 我们的生活每天都要接触计算机、信息系统分不开7.Making IT Work for You：presentinteresting and practical IT applications. 实用的信息技术应用8.Tips：suggestions ranging from the basicsof keeping your computer system runningsmoothly to how to protect your privacy whilesurfing the Web. 关于计算机运用和网上冲浪安全的提示和建议9.Careers in IT：provides job descriptions,projected employment demands, educationalrequirements, current salary ranges, andadvancement opportunities. 信息技术相关的工作puting Essentials Web site：moreinformation on the Web. 本课本相关的网络资源11.Software are the instructions that tell thecomputer how to process date into the form youwant. 软件就是指导计算机把数据转换成信息的指令12.In the most case, the words software andprograms are interchangeable. 大多时候，软件和程序的概念是可以互换的13.系统软件是应用软件和计算机硬件的中间连接件。
英语课文翻译 2008 影印 部分
手持电脑系统单元更小并且设计适合放入一只手内。这些系统包含全部的计算机系统，包括电子部件，可选择的二级存储设备和输入输出设备。个人数字助理是最广泛使用的手持式电脑。
system board 系统板
系统板也被称为母板。系统板是整个计算机系统的通信媒介。每一个系统单元的组成部件连接到系统板上。作为数据通路允许不同的部件访问另一个部件。外设，例如键盘，鼠标和显示器若没有系统板是不能访问系统单元的。
sockets 插孔
插孔为小的专门的电子零件称为芯片提供连接点。芯片由微小的电路板构成蚀刻在像沙的材料的平方上面称为硅。这些电路板可能比手指的指尖还要小。芯片也被称为硅片，半导体，或者集成电路。芯片被控制在封装载体上。这些包无论是直接插入系统板的插座或插入卡内然后插入系统板的插槽上。插座是用来连接系统板，以各种不同类型的芯片，包括微处理器和存储芯片。
mechanical mouse 机械鼠标
机械鼠标一般被认为是传统类并且是当然最广泛使用的。它的底下有一个球和一条电源线连接到系统单元。当你移动它在光滑的表面上，滚球旋转并且控制在屏幕上的指针。
joystick 游戏杆
游戏杆是计算机游戏中最受欢迎的输入设备。你可以通过变换压力，速度和游戏杆的方向来控制游戏的操作。其它的控制，例如按钮和触发器是用于指定命令或者启动特定操作。
search engines 搜索引擎
搜索引擎是一个专业的程序用来帮助你在web和因特网上查询信息。要寻找信息，你可以到搜索服务网站并且使用搜索引擎。例如，Yahoo的搜索引擎。这种搜索引擎，类似于其它的，提供了两不同的搜索检索方式。
计算机专业英语影印版(Computing Essentials 2008)课后答案大全——第六单元Chapter 6 The System Unit
Crossword Puzzle Answers:Open Ended Questions:1.Describe the four basic types of system units.• Desktop system units contain the system’s electronic components and selected secondarystorage devices. Input and output devices are located outside the system unit.• Notebook system units are portable and much smaller and contain the electronic components, selected secondary storage devices, and input devices• Tablet PC system units are highly portable devices that support the use of a stylus or pen toinput commands and data.• Handheld computer system units are the smallest and contain an entire computer system2.Describe the two basic components of the CPU.• Control unit: tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out a program’s instructions. It directs the movement of electronic signals between memory, which temporarily holds data,instructions, and processed information, and the arithmetic-logic unit. It also directs these control signals between the CPU and input and output devices.• Arithmetic-logic unit: The arithmetic-logic unit performs two types of operations: arithmetic and logical. Arithmetic operations are, as you might expect, the fundamental math operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Logical operations consist of comparisons. 3.What are the differences and similarities between the three types of memory?Random-access memory (RAM) chips hold the program and data that the CPU is presently processing. RAM is called temporary or volatile storage because everything in most types of RAM is lost as soon as the microcomputer is turned off.Read-only memory (ROM) chips have programs built into them at the factory. Unlike RAM chips, ROM chips are not volatile and cannot be changed by the user.C omplementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chips provide flexibility andexpandability for a computer system. They contain essential information that is required every time the computer system is turned on.4.Identify five expansion cards and describe the function of each.• Sound cards: These cards accept audio input from a microphone and convert it into a form that can be processed by the computer. Also, these cards convert internal electronic signals to audio signals so they can be heard from external speakers.• Modem cards: These cards allow distant computers to communicate with one another byconverting electronic signals from within the system unit into electronic signals that can travel over telephone lines and other types of connections.• Network interface cards (NIC): These cards are used to connect a computer to one or more other computers. The network adapter card typically connects the system unit to a cable that connects to the network.• TV tuner cards: TV tuner cards contain a TV tuner and a video converter that changes the TV signal into one that can be displayed on your monitor.• Video cards: These cards connect the system board to the computer’s monitor, and they convert the internal electronic signals to video signals so they can be displayed on the monitor.5.Identify and describe four standard ports and three specialized ports.The four standard ports are:• Serial ports are used for a wide variety of purposes. They are often used to connect a mouse, keyboard, modem, and many other devices to the system unit. Serial ports send data one bit at a time and are very good for sending information over a long distance.• Parallel ports are used to connect external devices that need to send or receive a lot of data over a short distance. These ports typically send eight bits of data simultaneously across eight parallel wires. Parallel ports are mostly used to connect printers to the system unit.• Universal serial bus (USB) ports are gradually replacing serial and parallel ports. They are faster, and one USB port can be used to connect several devices to the system unit.• FireWire ports are as fast as USB 2.0 ports and provide connections to specialized FireWire devices such as camcorders.The three specialized ports are:• Musical instrument digital interface (MIDI) ports are a special type of serial port for connecting musical instruments to a sound card. The sound card converts the music into a series of digital instructions. These instructions can be processed immediately toreproduce the music or saved to a file for later processing.• Small computer system interface (SCSI) ports are a special type of highspeed parallel port for connecting a series of input and/or output SCSI devices to a single SCSI controller card. This arrangement allows several devices to communicate with the system unit through a single slot on the system board.• Infrared Data Association (IrDA) provide a wireless mechanism for transferring data between devices. Instead of cables, the IrDA ports from each device are directly aligned and infrared light waves are used to transmit data. One of the most common applications is to transfer data from either a handheld or notebook computer to a desktop computer.1.Writing About Technology exercise #1 Processor Serial Numbers has the studentsexplore the issue of the microprocessors containing unique serial numbers that can beaccessed by web sites to track individuals buying habits, and how it relates to personalprivacy.Web Tools1.Applying Technology exercise #2 Desktop and Notebook Computers has the students usethe Web to research different desktop and notebook options and decide which they would purchase.2.Applying Technology exercise #3 Custom System Units has the students configure acomputer online.3.Expanding Your Knowledge exercise #3 Binary Numbers has the students use the binaryconversion tool on the website to translate binary numbers to decimal and ASCII equivalents.Software Tools1.Applying Technology exercise #1 TV Tuner Cards and Video Clips has the studentsexplore the different functions of TV Tuner cards.2.Expanding Your Knowledge exercise #1 How TV Tuner Cards Work has the studentexplore the functionality and configurations of tuner cards.3.Expanding Your Knowledge exercise #2 How Virtual Memory Works explores thefunctionality of virtual memory and why operating systems employ it.Writing Skills1.Writing About Technology exercise #2 Smart Cards has the students explore the usage ofSmart Cards and how it relates to privacy issues。
计算机专业英语翻译2008影印版
CHAPTER 11. SOFTWARE (P7)Software, as we mentioned(提到的), is another name for programs. Programs are the instructions(指令)that tell the computer how to process data into the form you want. In most cases, the words software and programs are interchangeable(可以互换的). There are two major kinds of software: system software and application(应用软件) software. You can think of application software as the kind you use. Think of system software as the kind the computer uses.软件，正如我们所提到的，它的另外一个名字叫程序。
程序是告诉计算机如何按照你的想法处理数据的一系列指令集。
在大多数情况下，软件和程序是可以互换。
主要有两个不同种类的软件：系统软件和应用程序软件。
你可以认为软件是你使用的那类，系统软件就是给电脑使用的那类。
2. (P11)System unit: The system unit is a container(容器) that houses(装载/收藏) most of the electric components(组件)that make up（组成）a computer system. Two important components of the system unit are the microprocessor(微处理器) and memory(内存). The microprocessor controls(控制)and manipulates(处理)data to produce information. Many times the microprocessor is contained(放置) within a protective(受保护的) cartridge(盒子). Memory, also known as primary storage(主存) or random access memory (RAM)(随机存取存储器), holds(保存) data and program instructions(指令) for processing the data. It also holds the processed information before it is output. Memory is sometimes referred to as temporary(暂时的) storage because its contents will typically be lost if the electrical power to the computer is disrupted(消失).系统单元：系统单元是一个装满许多电子组件的容器，构成一个计算机系统。
计算机专业英语2008影印版 翻译
P4:People: It is easy to overlook people as one of the five parts of an information system. Yet this is what microcomputers are all about –making people, end users like you, more productive.人们很容易忽视的一个信息系统的五个部分。
但这正是微型计算机都是关于——让人们，和你一样的终端用户，更有效率。
Procedures:The rules or guidelines for people to follow when using software , hardware, and data are procedures. These procedures are typically documented in manuals written by computer specialists. Software and hardware manufacturers provide manuals with thire products. These manuals are provided either in printed or electronic form.程序:规则或指导人们在使用软件时,硬件和数据的程序。
这些程序通常记录在手册由计算机专家写的。
软件和硬件制造商提供与他们产品手册。
这些手册是在印刷或电子形式提供。
Software: A program consists of the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer how to do its work. Software is anther name for a program or programs. The purpose of software is to convert data (unprocessed facts) into information (processed facts). For example, a payroll program would instruct the computer to take the number of hours you worked in a week (data) and multiply it by your pay rate (data) to determine how much you are paid for the week (information).软件:一个程序包括循序渐进的指示,告诉计算机如何工作。
计算机专业英语(2008影印版)课后习题答案(包括crossword_puzzle的句子翻译)
Computing Essentials 2008课后练习题答案详解Chapter 1: Information Technology, The Internet, and Y ouCrossword Puzzle Answers: (p22)Across1 、The most essential part of an information system. People信息系统最基本的部分。
人7 、Coordinates computer resources. Operating System协调计算机资源。
操作系统10 、Modifies signals for processing. Modem修改信号以便处理。
调制解调器12 、Data that has been processed by the computer. Information计算机处理过的数据。
信息13 、Unprocessed facts. Data没处理过的事实。
数据14 、Notebook computer that accepts handwritten input.. Tablet PC可以用手写输入的笔记本电脑。
平板电脑DownNum. Clue Answer2 、Uses computers to become more productive. End User使用电脑变得更有效率。
终端用户3 、Rules or guidelines to follow when using software, hardware, and data. Procedures使用软件，硬件和数据时遵循的规则或指引。
指令说明书4 、Created by word processors. Document Files文字处理创建出来的。
文档文件5 、Specialized programs that allow input and output devices to communicate. Device Drivers 允许输入和输出设备通信的专业程序。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
CHAPTER 11、A common term that describes the combination of traditional computer and communication technologies isb. information technology一个描述了传统的计算机和通信技术结合的常见的术语B.信息技术2、Procedures are typically documented in manuals written byb. computer specialists程序一般是___在手册撰写记录的B.计算机专家3、Which of the following is an example of connectivity?a. Internet下列哪一项是连接的一个例子吗？A.互联网4、Windows XP, windows Vista, and Macintosh OS X are all examples ofb. operating systemsWindows XP，Windows Vista，和Macintosh OS X都是__的例子B.操作系统5、Because of their size and cost, these computers are relatively rare.d. supercomputers由于它们的尺寸和成本，这些电脑是比较少见的。
D.超级计算机6、The system component that controls and manipulates data in order to produce information is called thed. microprocessor系统组成，控制和操纵数据来产生信息称为D.微处理器7、A system component that translates data and programs that humans can understand into a form that the computer can process is called a(n) c. output device一个系统组件，将人类可以理解成计算机能够处理的形式的数据和程序被称为C.输出设备8、A CD is an example of a(n)c. optical discCD是___的简称C.光盘9、If you want to communicate a message or persuade other people, you would typically use this type of software.d. presentation如果你想传达信息或说服别人，你通常会使用这种类型的软件。
D.演示10、Many experts are predicting that this revolution is expected to dramatically affect the way we communicate and use computer technology.d. wireless许多专家预测，这场革命将极大地影响我们的沟通和使用计算机技术的方式。
D.无线CHAPTER 21、The Internet was launched in 1969 when the United States funded a project that developed a national computer network calledd. ARPANET互联网在1969开始在美国资助的一个项目，发达国家计算机网络称为D.阿帕网2、__ is the most popular Internet activity.a. communication__是最流行的互联网活动。
A.沟通3、A(n) __ program provides access to Web resources.c. browser一个__程序提供访问网络资源。
C. 浏览器4、Rules for exchanging data between computers are calledc. protocols用于计算机之间交换数据的规则被称为C.协议5、The last part of the domain name following the dot (.) is the top __ domain.a. level随着网络域名的最后一部分是顶级__域。
A.水平6、__ are widely used to add interest and activity to a Web site by presenting animation, displaying graphics, providing interactive games, and more.a. Applets广泛用于呈现动画，给网站增加的兴趣和活动的图形显示，提供互动游戏，和更多。
A小应用.程序7、Unwanted and unsolicited e-mails are called __.a. spam不必要的和不请自来的电子邮件称为__。
A.垃圾邮件8、Programs that automatically submit your search request to several search engines simultaneously are called __.a. metasearch engines多个搜索引擎同时自动提交你的搜索请求的程序被称为__。
A.元搜索引擎9、__ cash is the Internet’s equivalent to traditional cash.d. Digital__现金是互联网相当于传统的现金。
D.数字10、These programs allow parents as well as organizations to block out selected sites and set time limits on Internet access.b. filters这些程序允许父母以及组织块选定地点和时间限制对互联网的访问。
B.过滤器CHAPTER 31、This type of software works with end users , application software, and computer hardware t handle the majority of technical details.d. system software这类软件与终端用户、应用软件和计算机硬件之间处理大部分的技术细节。
D.系统软件2、__ are narrowly focused on specific disciplines and occupations.c. Specialized applications__狭隘地集中于特定的学科和领域。
C.专业的应用3、The primary purpose of this type of software is to create text-based document. b. word processing这类软件的主要目的是创建文本文件。
B.文字处理4、Organizations create newsletters, manuals, and contracts are all examples of d. word processing组织创建简报，手册，和合同都是例子D.文字处理5、Letters, memos, term papers, reports, and brochures whit this type of software.d.documents信函，备忘录，学期论文，报告，和小册子，与这种类型的软件。
d.文本文件6、Numbers and formulas entered in a cell are calleda. numeric entries在单元格中输入的数字和公式被称为A.数字条目7、The acronym DBMS stands for what?b. database management system简称DBMS代表什么？B.数据库管理系统8、Database __ are primarily used to enter new records and to make changes to exciting records.c. queries数据库__主要用于输入新记录和更改激动人心的记录。
C.查询9、A file that includes predefined settings that can be used to create many common types of presentations is called ac. template一个文件，包括预定义的设置，可用于创建演示文稿的许多常见的类型称为C.模板10、A(n) __ is a single program that provides the functionality of a word processor, spreadsheet, database manager, and more.b. integrated package一个__是一个程序提供文字处理，电子表格，数据库管理器和更多的功能。
B.集成包CHAPTER 41、Graphic programs widely used in the graphic arts profession include __.a. desktop publishing programs, image editors, and illustration programs 广泛应用于图形艺术专业图形程序包括__。
A.桌面出版程序，图像编辑程序，和说明2、Image editors are used for creating and editing __.a. bitmap imagine图像编辑器是用于创建和编辑__。
A.位图图像3、Programs used to create or modify vector images are called __.a. illustration programs创建或修改矢量图像的应用程序称为__。
A.插图程序4、Pages in a multimedia presentation typically provide __ or connections to related information.b. links在一个多媒体演示页面通常提供__或相关信息。