必修三unit1-单词详解

18. award
1）v.授予，判定 They awarded him the title of Hero. Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics. The referee awarded a free kick.
2） n. 奖，奖品 She got the first award in the English contest. The award for the year’s best actress was a young woman.
arrive /v./ 到达
arrive in/at + 地点
15. gain
1） 获得 He gained full marks in the exam.
2) 赢得 The scientist gained the respect of his students. No pains, no gains. 一份耕耘，一分收获。
12. play a trick/tricks on… 捉弄… 戏弄….
The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.
13. poet 诗人 /n./
Li Bai is a great poet who wrote many famous
poems.
a productive writer 一位多产的作家
20. admire /v./ 1）钦佩,羡慕
We all admire him for his courage and bravery. admire sb. for sth.在某方面钦佩某人 2) 欣赏 I admire your poems very much . 3) 赞美 He admired her new dress. admiration /n./
award sb. sth. =award sth to sb. 奖赏某人某物 辨析: award 和reward award后接双宾语 reward 奖赏, 给……报酬, 不能接双宾语;reward sb. 来自or sth. 因 ……奖赏某人；
reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人 She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole morning’s hard work.
We will harvest the fruit in autumn.
4. celebrate /v./ 庆祝 We held a party to celebrate our success. celebration n.
congratulate / v./ 祝贺 congratulate sb. on (doing ) sth. I ~ him on passing the exam. congratulation （常加-s）
6. origin
起源，由来，起因
What was the origin of the accident? The origins of life on earth 可用做可数名词或不可数名词, 通常用作复数形式
original /adj./ 原始的
7. religious /adj./
1）宗教上的，信奉宗教的 Most western people have religious beliefs. 很多西方人都有宗教信仰。 2) 虔诚的 She is a very religious person.
1. take place 物;事做主语 无进行,无被动
1) 发生 Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 2）举行 The singer was ill. The performance didn’t take place after all.
19. produce
1)/v/ 生产 The factory produces 1,000 cars a week. 2）/n/ 产品,尤指农产品 The shop sells only fresh local produce. product 产品 production 产量
productive 多产的，生产的
5.starve /v./
1) 挨饿; 饿死
Millions of people starved to death during the war.
2) (使某人)得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物; 缺乏
The homeless children were starved for love . 3) to feel very hungry 感觉很饿, 仅用于进行时态 When will dinner be ready? I’m starving. starvation n. [U] 饿死 die of starvation starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资
16. independence
独立，自主 India gained independence from Britain in 1947. depend /v./ dependent /adj./ independent /adj./ 独立的，自主的
be dependent on/upon 依靠 be independent of 不受…支配的 不依赖的
1)cloth 指做衣服等用的材料, 如布料, 毛料, 丝绸等, 不可数。“一块布料”是 a piece of cloth 注意: cloth 指具体用途的布时, 可与冠词连用。 a table cloth 一块桌布 a dish cloth 一块擦碗布
2) clothes 指具体的衣服, 包括上衣, 裤子等, 不能 与不定冠词或数词连用, 但可与物主代词, 指示 代词, 少数不定代词连用。作主语时, 谓语用 复数形式。 He wears fine clothes. 他穿着很讲究。 3) clothing 是衣服, 服装的总称, 是集合名词。 作主语时候, 谓语动词用单数形式。如果要表示 “一件衣服”时, 可以说an article of clothing 或a piece of clothing, 但不能用 a suit of clothing 那家商店卖童装。 The shop sells children's clothing.
religion /n./ 宗教
8. in memory of 纪念 The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist. in honor of in praise of in celebration of in search of in need of in favour of in charge of
Wake up children and dress them. Hurry up and get dressed. （动态） The girl was dressed in red. （静态）
11. trick
1)/n./ 诡计，花招 They had to think of a trick to get passed the guards. do/perform a trick 玩把戏 2) /n./ 窍门，招数 Daily practice is the trick in learning a foreign language. 3）/vt./ 欺骗，诈骗 She tricked the SnowWhite into eating the poisoned apple. The man tricked the old woman out of all her money trick sb into sth/doing sth 诱骗某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth 诱骗某人某物
17. gather
1）搜集 The writer is gathering materials for his works. 2)集合 The teacher gathered the students around her. 3) 聚集 The clouds are gathering. 【辨析】 collect 指有计划, 有选择地收集。 He collects stamps.
Her mother is ill. She has to take care of her day and night in the hospital.
23. clothing 服装（总称，除衣裤还包括鞋帽） an article of clothing 一件衣服 The cost of food, clothing and shelter is high. 辨析: cloth, clothes, clothing
9. belief
1)信任; 信心 [U] I have strong belief in my future. 2) 信仰[C]
religious beliefs 宗教信仰 beyond belief 难以置信
believe /v./ 相信 believe in 信任
10. dress up 盛装，打扮 You should dress up when you take part in the party. dress 给…穿衣服 dress sb./oneself 打扮某人（自己）
4) break out 仅用于负面场合, 常用于灾难, 战争,
疾病之类事情的突然爆发。 发生了大火/战争爆发了。 A fire / war broke out.
5) come about 属于中性词组, 既可用于表达正面
事情的发生, 又可用于表达负面事情的发生。
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？