哮喘(英文和中文)
医学常见疾病中英文名称对照表
医学常见疾病中英文名称对照表在医学领域中，了解疾病的中英文对照名称是非常重要的。
这有助于医务人员之间的沟通以及医疗文件的准确填写。
下面是一份医学常见疾病的中英文对照表，旨在帮助读者更好地理解和运用医学术语。
1.感冒 - Common Cold2.发烧 - Fever3.肺炎 - Pneumonia4.流感 - Influenza5.哮喘 - Asthma6.鼻炎 - Rhinitis7.咳嗽 - Cough8.胃炎 - Gastritis9.病毒性肝炎 - Viral Hepatitis10.糖尿病 - Diabetes11.高血压 - Hypertension12.心脏病 - Heart Disease13.中风 - Stroke14.肺癌 - Lung Cancer15.乳腺癌 - Breast Cancer16.糖尿病 - Diabetes17.结肠癌 - Colon Cancer18.肾炎 - Nephritis19.结石 - Kidney Stones20.脑炎 - Encephalitis21.关节炎 - Arthritis22.精神分裂症 - Schizophrenia23.抑郁症 - Depression24.帕金森氏综合症 - Parkinson's disease25.带状疱疹 - Shingles26.痔疮 - Hemorrhoids27.溃疡 - Ulcer28.白血病 - Leukemia29.贫血 - Anemia30.哮喘 - Asthma31.癫痫 - Epilepsy32.脑震荡 - Concussion33.鼻窦炎 - Sinusitis34.失眠 - Insomnia35.口腔溃疡 - Mouth Ulcer36.胰腺炎 - Pancreatitis37.食道炎 - Esophagitis38.乙肝 - Hepatitis B39.皮炎 - Dermatitis40.耳聋 - Hearing Loss41.近视 - Myopia42.视力矫正 - Vision Correction43.青光眼 - Glaucoma44.白内障 - Cataract45.斑秃 - Alopecia Areata46.牙龈炎 - Periodontitis47.口腔癌 - Oral Cancer48.食管癌 - Esophageal Cancer49.脑膜炎 - Meningitis50.心肌梗塞 - Myocardial Infarction51.胃溃疡 - Gastric Ulcer52.胆囊炎 - Cholecystitis53.甲状腺癌 - Thyroid Cancer54.乙状结肠炎 - Ulcerative Colitis55.脑瘤 - Brain Tumor56.胰腺癌 - Pancreatic Cancer57.子宫肌瘤 - Uterine Fibroids58.子宫内膜异位症 - Endometriosis59.前列腺炎 - Prostatitis60.尿道感染 - Urinary Tract Infection61.卵巢癌 - Ovarian Cancer62.霍奇金淋巴瘤 - Hodgkin's Lymphoma63.肺气肿 - Emphysema64.动脉硬化 - Arteriosclerosis65.心律失常 - Arrhythmia66.肾功能衰竭 - Renal Failure67.脂肪肝 - Fatty Liver68.颈椎病 - Cervical Spondylosis69.胆结石 - Gallstones70.乳腺纤维瘤 - Breast Fibroadenoma71.淋巴结炎 - Lymphadenitis72.胰腺瘤 - Pancreatic Tumor73.高血脂 - Hyperlipidemia74.直肠癌 - Rectal Cancer75.食管瘤 - Esophageal Tumor76.胰腺囊肿 - Pancreatic Cyst77.肝脏肿瘤 - Liver Tumor78.子宫颈炎 - Cervicitis79.子宫肌腺症 - Adenomyosis80.乳腺增生 - Breast Hyperplasia81.肠胃炎 - Gastroenteritis82.胰腺功能不全 - Pancreatic Insufficiency83.髋关节炎 - Hip Arthritis84.慢性阻塞性肺疾病 - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)85.痤疮 - Acne86.甲状腺炎 - Thyroiditis87.脂溢性皮炎 - Seborrheic Dermatitis88.扁平苔藓 - Tinea Versicolor89.神经性斑秃 - Androgenic Alopecia90.子宫肌瘤 - Uterine Leiomyoma这是一份医学常见疾病的中英文名称对照表，仅供参考。
医学常用中英文名称
医学常用中英文名称Introduction医学是研究人体结构、功能、生理和病理等方面的学科。
在临床实践和医学研究中，使用准确的中英文名称对疾病、药物、诊断测试和相关术语进行描述是至关重要的。
本文将介绍一些医学常用中英文名称，帮助读者更好地理解和使用相关医学术语。
1. 疾病1.1 心脑血管疾病- 中风 (Stroke)- 冠状动脉疾病 (Coronary Artery Disease)- 高血压 (Hypertension)- 心功能不全 (Heart Failure)- 心肌梗死 (Myocardial Infarction)1.2 呼吸系统疾病- 哮喘 (Asthma)- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD) - 肺癌 (Lung Cancer)- 肺炎 (Pneumonia)- 支气管炎 (Bronchitis)1.3 消化系统疾病- 胃溃疡 (Gastric Ulcer)- 肝炎 (Hepatitis)- 胰腺炎 (Pancreatitis)- 结直肠癌 (Colorectal Cancer)- 胆结石 (Gallstone)1.4 泌尿生殖系统疾病- 肾炎 (Nephritis)- 前列腺癌 (Prostate Cancer)- 尿路感染 (Urinary Tract Infection, UTI) - 子宫颈癌 (Cervical Cancer)- 乳腺癌 (Breast Cancer)2. 药物2.1 常用药物- 对乙酰氨基酚 (Paracetamol)- 阿司匹林 (Aspirin)- 氨茶碱 (Aminophylline)- 抗生素 (Antibiotics)- 维生素 (Vitamins)2.2 常见处方药- 氯化钠注射液 (Sodium Chloride Injection)- 静脉注射用头孢菌素 (Ceftriaxone Sodium Injection) - 对乙酰氨基酚片 (Paracetamol Tablets)- 氯化钠滴眼液 (Sodium Chloride Eye Drops)- 链霉素眼膏 (Chlortetracycline Eye Ointment)3. 诊断测试3.1 血液检测- 血常规检查 (Complete Blood Count, CBC)- 血糖测定 (Blood Glucose Measurement)- 血液型鉴定 (Blood Typing)- 凝血功能检查 (Coagulation Function Test)- 血清肌酸激酶测定 (Creatine Kinase Measurement) 3.2 影像学检查- X射线 (X-ray)- 磁共振成像 (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) - 乳腺X射线检查 (Mammography)- 超声波检查 (Ultrasound)- 骨密度测定 (Bone Densitometry)4. 术语4.1 临床术语- 体温 (Body Temperature)- 血压 (Blood Pressure)- 心率 (Heart Rate)- 呼吸频率 (Respiratory Rate)- 疼痛评估 (Pain Assessment)4.2 解剖学术语- 大脑 (Brain)- 心脏 (Heart)- 肺 (Lungs)- 肝脏 (Liver)- 肾脏 (Kidney)结论以上是一些医学常用中英文名称的介绍。
哮喘英文和中文PPT课件
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II. Definition
定义
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role. The chronic inflammation causes an associated airway hyperresponsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly at night or in the early morning. These episodes are usually associated with widespread but variable airflow obstruction that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment.
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Key Points
Chronic airway inflammation 症 Airway hyperresponsiveness
性
道狭窄 症状 喘鸣 气短
气道慢性炎
气道高反应 可逆性气
Reversible airflow obstruction
Symptoms:
Wheezing
Breathlessness
症状
manifestations
Episodic breathlessness and wheezing,
(完整版)常见疾病英文单词
常见疾病英文单词cough 咳嗽asthma 哮喘pneumonia 肺炎dermatitis皮炎gastritis 胃炎hepatitis 肝炎appendicitis 盲肠炎arrhythmia 心律不齐diarrhoea 痢疾acne 粉刺freckle/ephelis 痣，雀斑endemic 水土不服sprain 扭伤stupor 昏迷bruise 淤伤scalding烫伤shuddering 发抖inflammation 炎症acute 急症chronic 慢性病congenital 先天性病nausea恶心vomit 呕吐freckle/ephelis 痣，雀斑acne 粉刺痢疾,腹泻/拉肚子diarrhea，diarrhoea，laxness，scour，tummyTummy 胃, 肚子(常指旅游者患的)腹痛, 腹泻flu 流感diarrhoea 痢疾quarantine 检疫vaccinate 打疫苗endemic 水土不服relapse 复发症casualty急症stupor 昏迷sprain 扭伤scalding烫伤graze 擦伤scratch 搔挠trauma 外伤bruise 淤伤fracture骨折dislocation 脱臼tinnitus 耳鸣trachoma 沙眼colour blindness 色盲nearsightedness/myopia近视astigmatism 散光gingivitis 牙龈炎cavity 龋齿fever 发烧discomfort/disorder 不适malnutrition 营养不良incubation 潜伏期asthenia 虚弱poisoning 中毒fatigue 疲劳heat stroke 中暑itching 发痒ache/pain 痛tetanus 破伤风night sweat 盗汗chill 打冷颤pale 脸色发白Disease 疾病anemia, anaemia 贫血angina pectoris 心绞痛appendicitis 阑尾炎arthritis 关节炎bronchitis 支气管炎cancer 癌catarrh 卡他, 粘膜炎chicken pox, varicella 水痘cholera 霍乱cold 感冒, 伤风, 着凉(head) cold 患感冒diabetes 糖尿病diphtheria 白喉eczema 湿疹epilepsy 癫痫erysipelas 丹毒gangrene 坏疽German measles, rubella 风疹gout 痛风headache 头痛hemiplegy, hemiplegia 偏瘫, 半身不遂icterus, jaundice 黄疸indigestion 消化不良influenza, flu 流感insanity 精神病leukemia 白血病malaria 疟疾malnutrition 营养不良Malta fever 马耳他热, 波状热measles 麻疹migraine, splitting headache 偏头痛miocardial infarction 心肌梗塞mumps 流行性腮腺炎neuralgia 神经痛neurasthenia 神经衰弱paralysis 麻痹peritonitis 腹膜炎pharyngitis 咽炎phtisis 痨病, 肺结核pneumonia 肺炎poliomyelitis 脊髓灰质炎rabies 狂犬病rheumatism 风湿病rickets, rachitis 佝偻病scabies, itch 疥疮scarlet fever 猩红热sciatica 坐骨神经痛sclerosis 硬化septicemia, septicaemia 败血病sinusitis 窦炎smallpox 天花swamp fever 沼地热syncope 晕厥syphilis 梅毒tetanus 破伤风thrombosis 血栓形成torticollis, stiff neck 斜颈tuberculosis 结核病tumour,tumor 瘤typhus 斑疹伤寒urticaria, hives 荨麻疹whooping cough 百日咳yellow fever 黄热病zona, shingles 带状疮疹。
医疗疾病诊断中英文词语
医疗疾病诊断中英文词语医疗疾病诊断中英文词语随着社会的发展和人们生活水平的提高，医疗保健变得越来越重要。
诊断是医学的核心部分，它可以帮助医生确诊病人的疾病类型和程度。
由于医学是一项国际性的学科，因此，在医学研究和实践中，使用英语来描述疾病、症状、诊断和治疗已成为主流。
本文将介绍一些医疗诊断中常用的英文词语和相关中文翻译。
一、疾病1. Cancer - 癌症2. Diabetes - 糖尿病3. Obesity - 肥胖症4. Arthritis - 关节炎5. Asthma - 哮喘6. Hypertension - 高血压7. Anemia - 贫血8. Hepatitis - 肝炎9. Cardiovascular disease - 心血管疾病10. COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - 慢性阻塞性肺疾病11. Cystic fibrosis - 囊性纤维化12. Epilepsy - 癫痫二、症状1. Nausea - 恶心2. Headache - 头痛3. Dizziness - 眩晕4. Fever - 发烧5. Cough - 咳嗽6. Fatigue - 疲劳7. Swelling - 肿胀8. Shortness of breath - 呼吸急促9. Chest pain - 胸痛10. Abdominal pain - 腹痛11. Vomiting - 呕吐12. Diarrhea - 腹泻三、诊断1. Routine check-up - 常规体检2. Blood test - 血液检查3. X-ray - X光检查4. Ultrasound - 超声检查5. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) - 磁共振成像6. CT (computed tomography) - 计算机断层扫描7. Endoscopy - 内窥镜检查8. Biopsy - 活检9. Electrocardiogram (ECG) - 心电图10. Sigmoidoscopy - 结肠镜检查11. Colonoscopy - 结肠镜检查四、治疗1. Medication - 药物治疗2. Surgery - 手术治疗3. Chemotherapy - 化疗4. Radiation therapy - 放射治疗5. Physical therapy - 物理治疗6. Psychotherapy - 心理治疗7. Counseling - 咨询8. Alternative medicine - 替代疗法9. Rehabilitation - 康复治疗总的来说，医疗保健是全球各个国家非常关注的领域。
关于生病、疾病症状的英语表达集锦(英汉对照)
关于生病、疾病症状的英语表达集锦（英汉对照）关于生病、疾病症状的英语表达（英汉对照）头痛headache 感冒cold白内障cataract 狂犬病rabies 中风stroke脑膜炎brain fever/meningitis 肝癌liver cancer胃癌cancer of stomach阑尾炎appendicitis 胃病stomach trouble胃肠炎gastroenteritis 心脏病heart diseaseSyndrome) 疯牛病mad cow diseaseHe is under the weather. ( 他不舒服白血病leukemia爱滋病AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) 流感influenza He feels light-headed. ( 他觉得头晕。
)She has been shut-in for a few days. ( 她咳嗽cough 冠心病coronary heart disease肺炎pneumonia 糖尿病diabetes肝炎hepatitis 肺癌lung cancer膀胱炎cystitis 肺结核pulmonarytuberculosis急性胃炎acute gastritis 肝硬化hepatocirrhosis胃炎gastritis 慢性病chronic气管炎trachitis 肺气肿emphysema乳腺炎mastitis 发烧fever肿瘤tumor 生病常用英文癌症cancer禽流感bird flu/avian influenza(1)一般病情:He feels headache, nausea and vomiting.(他觉得头痛、恶心和想吐。
)非典SARS(Severe Acute Respiratary黑死病black death He began to feel unusually tired. (他感到支气管炎bronchitis了。
儿科常见疾病中英文对照(最简化)
儿科常见疾病中英文对照早产儿(未成熟儿) Preterm infant; Premature infant足月儿Term infant过期产儿(过熟儿) Post-term infant (Postmature infant) 小于胎龄儿Small for gestational age infant足月小样儿Small for date infant超低出生体重儿extremely birth weight，ELBW极低出生体重儿very low birth weight infant;VLBWI 低出生体重儿low birth weight infant巨大儿Macrosomia新生儿窒息Neonatal asphyxia缺氧缺血性脑病hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy新生儿颅内出血intracranial hemorrhage of newborn羊水及胎粪吸入综合征aspiration of amniotic fluid and meconium syndrome新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, NRDS新生儿黄疸neonatal jaundice新生儿高胆红素血症Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia；hyperbilirubinemia of newborn新生儿生理性黄疸Neonatal physiologic jaundice新生儿溶血病hemolytic disease of the newborn 新生儿出血症hemorrhagic disease of newborn新生儿肺出血Neonatal pneumorrhagia新生儿感染Neonatal infection新生儿败血症Neonatal septicemia新生儿感染性肺炎Neonatal infectious pneumonia脐炎Omphalitis巨细胞病毒感染cytomegalovirus infection新生儿呕吐Vomiting in newborn鹅口疮Thrush新生儿硬肿症scleredema neonatorum新生儿水肿edema neonatorum新生儿低钙血症neonatal hypocalcemia;NHC新生儿低血糖症neonatal hypoglycemia脐疝exumbilication;UH;umbilical hernia 新生儿红斑erythema neonatorum婴幼儿营养不良infantile malnutrition蛋白质－能量营养不良protein-energy malnutrition, EPM 维生素D缺乏性佝偻病rickets of vitamin D-deficiency维生素D缺乏性手足搐搦症tetany of vitamin D-deficiency支气管哮喘bronchial asthma急性荨麻疹acute urticaria丘疹样荨麻疹papular urticaria药疹drug rash;风湿热RF;;rheumatic fever幼年型类风湿病Juvenile rheumatoid disease,JRD;Still disease系统性红斑狼疮SLE;systemic lupus erythematosus 过敏性紫癜Henoch-Schonlein syndrome; AP;anaphylactic purpura; allergicpurpura,皮肤粘膜淋巴结综合征Kawasaki's disease; muco-cutaneouslymphnode syndrome; MLNS 麻疹Measles风疹Rubella; German measles幼儿急疹exanthem subitum; roseolainfantilis; roseola infantum 单纯疱疹herpes simplex水痘chicken pox;chickenpox;varicella流行性感冒epidemic influenza;流行性腮腺炎epidemic parotitis; mumps病毒性脑炎VE;viral encephalitis病毒性脑膜脑炎viral meningocephalitis流行性乙型脑炎epidemic type B encephalitis;病毒性肝炎VH;viral hepatitis;virus hepatitis急性感染性多发性神经根炎acute infectious polyradiculoneuritis 传染性单核细胞增多症infectious monocytosis,infectiousmononucleosis急性传染性淋巴细胞增多症acute infectious lymphocytosis;AIL 细菌性痢疾bacillary dysentery伤寒typhoid; typhoid fever副伤寒paratyphoid; paratyphoid fever破伤风tetanus百日咳pertussis; whooping cough;WC化脓性脑膜炎purulent meningitis;suppurative meningitis流行性脑脊髓膜炎epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis猩红热scarlet fever;SF败血症septicemia; septicoemia; sepsis脓毒败血症septicopyaemia; septicopyemia原发性肺结核primary pulmonary tuberculosis原发综合征primary complex支气管淋巴结结核tuberculosis of bronchial lymphnodes1结核性胸膜炎tuberculous pleurisy亚急性血行播散型肺结核subacute hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis结核性脑膜炎TBM;TM;tubercular meningitis;tuberculous meningitis蛔虫病ascariasis蛲虫病enterobiasis;oxyuria; pinworm;钩虫病ancylostomiasis; hookworm diseas 疟疾malaria; Cameroon fever;急性鼻窦炎acute sinusitis急性上呼吸道感染acute upper respiratory infections 疱疹性咽峡炎Herpangina；HA; herpetic angina 咽结膜热Pharyngoconjunctival fever, PCF 急性鼻咽炎acute nasopharyngitis急性咽炎acute pharyngitis急性扁桃体炎acute tonsillitis先天性喉喘鸣congenital laryngealstridor哮吼综合征Croup syndrome急性感染性喉炎acute infectious laryngitis急性支气管炎Acute bronchitis喘息样支气管炎asthmatoid bronchitis毛细支气管炎bronchiolitis大叶性肺炎lobar pneumonia支气管肺炎bronchopneumonia间质性肺炎interstitial pneumonia支原体肺炎(原发性非典型肺炎) mycoplasmal pneumonia (primary atypical pneumonia)喘憋性肺炎(流行性毛细支气管炎) epidemic asthmatic suffocating pneumonia( epidemic bronchiolitis)巨细胞病毒肺炎cytomegalovirus pneumonia鹅口疮Thrush; muguet; mycotic stomatitis；疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis急性球菌性口炎acute coccus stomatis消化功能紊乱disorders of digestive function神经性厌食anorexia nervosa再发性(周期性)呕吐recurrent vomiting（cyclic vomiting）再发性腹痛recurrent abdominal pain，RAP肠痉挛colic；enterospasm婴幼儿腹泻infantile diarrhea秋季腹泻rotavirus enteritis迁延性腹泻persistent diarrhea慢性细菌性腹泻chronic bacillary diarrhea消化不良dyspepsia; indigestion; maldigestion 生理性腹泻physical diarrhea胃肠功能紊乱gastrointestinal dysfunction肠胃炎enterogastritis胃肠炎gastroenteritis;gastroenterocolitis细菌性肠炎bacterial enteritis致病性大肠杆菌肠炎enteropathogenic E.coli enteritis 真菌性肠炎Mycetes enteritis; fungous enteritis 病毒性肠炎Viral enteritis轮状病毒肠炎rotavirus enteritis坏死性肠炎necrotic enteritis水电解质紊乱Water-Electrolyte disturbances脱水Dehydration；anhydration代谢性酸中毒metabolic acidosis低钾血症kaliopenia低钙血症hypocalcemia高钠血症hypernatremia急性胃炎acute gastritis先天性肥大性幽门狭窄congenital hypertrophic pyloricstenosis肠梗阻intestinal obstruction;IO; ileus机械性肠梗阻mechanical ileus麻痹性肠梗阻paralytic ileus肠套叠intussusception急性肠系膜淋巴结炎Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis 肝肿大hepatomegalia; hepatomegaly药物性肝损害（炎）drug-induced liver injury；Drug-induced hepatitis巨细胞病毒肝炎Cylomegalovirus肝脓疡liver abscess急性胰腺炎acute pancreatitis;AP房间隔缺损ASD; atrial septal defect;卵圆孔未闭acleistocardia; open foramen ovale 室间隔缺损ventricular septal defect;VSD动脉导管未闭patent ductus arteriosus;PDA;法乐四联症tetralogy of Fallot; (F4; TOF)先天性二尖瓣关闭不全congenital mitral insufficiency 二尖瓣脱垂综合征mitral valve prolapse syndrome,MVPS;心律失常arrhythmia; arhythmia;CA窦性心动过速sinus tachycardia;ST窦性心动过缓sinus bradycardia,SB窦性心律不齐sinus arrhythmia;SA2游走心律wandering rhythm房性早搏atrial premature beats交界性早搏junctional premature beat室性早搏ventricular premature contraction阵发性室上性心动过速paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia;PST;PSVT;PSUT心房颤动atrial fibrillation完全性房室传导阻滞Complete atrioventricular block 病态窦房结综合征sick sinus syndrome;SSS预激综合征pre-excitation syndrome;W-P-W syndrome不完全性左束支传导阻滞incomplete left bundle branch block,ILBBB充血性心力衰竭congestive cardiac failure; congestive heart failure心源性休克cardiac shock;cardiogenic shock 感染性心内膜炎Infective endocarditis心肌病cardiomyopathy; myocardiopathy 心肌炎myocarditis,MC感染性心肌炎infective myocarditis病毒性心肌炎viral myocarditis;VM支原体性心肌炎mycoplasma myocarditis扩张型心肌病dilated cardiomyopathy肥厚性心肌病hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HC 限制性心肌病restrictive cardiomyopathy急性心包炎acute pericarditis化脓性心包炎purulent pericarditis;pyopericarditis; suppurative pericarditis病毒性心包炎Viral pericarditis肾性高血压renal hypertension;RH先天性尿路畸形congenital urinary tract deformity 婴儿型多囊肾infantile polycystic kidney包皮过长redundant prepuce鞘膜积液hydrocele of tunica vaginalis睾丸下降不全incomplete orchiocatabasis; cryptochidism肾小球肾炎glomerulonephritis; GN 急性肾小球肾炎acute glomerulonephritis急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis;APSGN肾病综合征nephrotic syndrome;NS 单纯性肾病综合症simple type NS肾炎性肾病综合征nephritis NS孤立性血尿isolated hematuria孤立性蛋白尿isolated proteinuria复发性血尿recurrent hematuria持续性血尿persistent hematuria溶血尿毒综合征hemolytic uremic syndrome泌尿道感染urinary tract infection;UTI急性肾盂肾炎acute pyelonephritis急性肾功能衰竭acute renal failure;ARF肾小管性酸中毒renal tubular acidosis;RTA小儿贫血infantile anemia小细胞低色素性贫血microcytic hypochromic anemia 营养性贫血nutritional anemia缺铁性贫血iron deficiency anemia;IDA;sideropenic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血megaloblastic anemia,MA营养性混合性贫血nutritional anemia;mixed type再生不良性贫血hypoplastic anemia再生障碍性贫血aplastic anemia感染性贫血Anemia of chronic infection铁粒幼红细胞性贫血sideroblastic anemia,SA 骨髓增生异常综合征myelodysplastic syndrome,MDS 溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia,HA蚕豆病fabism;favism感染性溶血性贫血hemolytic anemia,infectious失血性贫血Blood loss anemia中性粒细胞增多症neutrophilia中性粒细胞减少症Neutropenia免疫性粒细胞减少症immunologic neutropenia 感染性粒细胞减少症infective Granulocytopenia 血小板减少性紫癜thrombocytopenic purpura;thrombopenic purpura;TP 特发性血小板减少性紫癜idiopathic thrombocytopenicpurpura继发性血小板减少性紫癜thrombocytopenic purpura,secondary感染性血小板减少性紫癜infectious thrombocytopenicpurpura药物性免疫性血小板减少性紫癜drugs induced immunethrombocytopenic purpura 血栓性血小板减少性紫癜thrombotic thrombocytopenicpurpura3血友病 A hemophilia A血友病 B hemophilia B (plasma thromboplastin component, PTC)血友病 C hemophilia C (plasma thromboplastin antecedent, PTA)低凝血酶原血症Hypoprothrombinemia先天性凝血酶原缺乏症congenital prothrombin deficiency 维生素K缺乏症vitamin K deficiency脾脏增大（脾肿大）hypersplenotrophy;splenectasis;sple nomegalia;splenomegaly脾功能亢进hypersplenism;hypersplenia急性淋巴结炎acute lymphadenitis急性颌下淋巴结炎acute submaxillary lymphadenitis 急性肠系膜淋巴结炎acute adenomesenteritis惊厥convulsion;eclampsia;hyperspasmia 癫痫epilepsy癫痫发作seizure婴儿痉挛症infantile spasm;IS(West syndrome) 癫痫持续状态epileptic state;SE惊厥持续状态convulsive status急性中毒性脑病acute toxic encephalopathy;ATE蛛网膜下腔出血SAH;subarachnoid hemorrhage脑室内出血intraventricular hemorrhage先天愚型Down's disease;Down's syndrome；Mongolism脑积水hydrencephaly;hydrocephalus 小儿急性偏瘫acute hemiplegia in childhood 脑白质营养不良LD;leukodystrophy肾上腺脑白质营养不良adrenoleukodystrophy; Addison-Schilder disease呼吸暂停症（屏气发作）breathing holding (breath holding spell)癔病hysteria; hysterism尿崩症diabetes insipidus单纯性乳房早发育simple premature thelarche散发性甲状腺功能减低症sporadic hypothyroidism; sporadic cretinism地方性甲状腺功能减低症endemic hypothyroidism; endemic cretinism亚急性甲状腺炎subacute thyroiditis,SAT慢性淋巴细胞性甲状腺炎chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis;CLT 糖尿病diabetes酮症酸中毒ketoacidosis急性淋巴细胞性白血病acute lymphocytic leukemia;ALL 急性非淋巴细胞性白血病acute nonlymphocytic leukemia;ANL;ANLL慢性粒细胞白血病chronic myelocytic leukemia; CML;chronic granulocytic leukemia; CGL 淋巴瘤lymphoma; lymphadenoma;霍奇金病Hodgkin disease;Hodgkin's disease 脓疱疮crusted tetter脊柱侧弯scoliolosis脊柱裂cleft spine; spina bifida先天性手足畸形congenital extremities abnormality先天性髋关节半脱位Congenital subluxation of hip,CDH 流行性肌痛epidemic myalgia渗出性中耳炎exudative otitis; OME; otitis mediawith effusion急性化脓性中耳炎acute purulent otitis media; APOM 小儿眩晕vertigo; circumgyration; dinus化脓性结膜炎purulent conjunctivitis滤泡性结膜炎follicular conjunctivitis咽结膜热pharyngoconjunctival fever,PCF疱疹性口炎herpetic stomatitis鹅口疮thrush; muguet; mycotic stomatitis口角炎angular cheilitis;angular chilitis感染性口角炎perleche地图舌geographic tongue食物中毒food poisoning; food poison细菌性食物中毒bacterial food poisoning农药中毒pesticide intoxication有机磷农药中毒organophosphorus pesticide感染性休克septic shock急性呼吸衰竭acute respiratory failure;ARF颅内高压征acute intracranial hypertension消化道大出血massive hemorrhage ofgastrointestinal tract4。
常见疾病的中英文名称对照
常见疾病的中英文名称对照随着全球化的发展，人们的生活方式和饮食习惯发生了巨大的变化，导致许多常见疾病的发生率显著增加。
为了更好地了解这些疾病，本文将为您介绍一些常见疾病的中英文名称对照，以便于您在沟通和学习中能够更加便捷地使用相关术语。
1. 高血压 - Hypertension高血压是指人体动脉血压持续升高而超过正常范围的一种疾病。
它容易导致心脏、血管和器官损害，并增加心脏病、中风等严重并发症的风险。
2. 糖尿病 - Diabetes糖尿病是一种由体内胰岛素不足或胰岛素功能障碍引起的慢性代谢病，主要特征是血糖升高和碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质代谢紊乱。
3. 心脑血管疾病 - Cardiovascular disease心脑血管疾病是指影响心脏和血管的各类疾病，包括心肌梗死、冠心病、心力衰竭、脑卒中等。
其主要原因通常是动脉硬化引起的血管狭窄或阻塞。
4. 肺炎 - Pneumonia肺炎是一种呼吸系统感染疾病，主要影响肺部组织。
常见症状包括发热、咳嗽、呼吸急促和胸痛等，严重情况下可能会导致咳出痰液、乏力和呼吸困难。
5. 癌症 - Cancer癌症是一种恶性肿瘤，由人体某一部位的细胞异常增殖形成。
它可以影响身体的任何器官和组织，而且具有广泛的类型和分期。
6. 哮喘 - Asthma哮喘是一种慢性炎症性疾病，主要特征是呼吸道的反复发作性阻塞和狭窄。
它常常导致呼吸困难、咳嗽、喘鸣和胸闷等症状，严重时可能危及生命。
7. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)慢性阻塞性肺疾病是一种慢性进行性肺部疾病，主要包括慢性支气管炎和肺气肿。
其主要症状为气短、咳嗽、咳痰和呼吸困难。
8. 高血脂症 - Hyperlipidemia高血脂症是指体内胆固醇和三酸甘油酯等血脂含量超过正常范围的一种疾病。
如果不及时进行干预和控制，高血脂症可能增加动脉粥样硬化、心血管疾病等的风险。
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VI. Pathology 病理学
1. At the early stage
Chronic airway inflammation
早期
慢性气道炎症
2. Later
Chronic airway inflammation Airway remodeling ASMC proliferation Mucus glands enlargement Subepithelial fibrosis Others
PEF or FEV1-vaersistent 第二级：轻度持续发作
1/week<attack<1/day Night attack>2/month PEF, FEV180%Pr. PEF or FEV1-variation 20-30%
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Atypical asthma
Symptom
不典型哮喘
症状
咳嗽
胸闷
Cough
Tight chest
Breathlessness
Signs
气短
体征
没有哮鸣音
Without wheezing
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VIII. Laboratory 实验室检查
1. Pulmonary function tests
FEV1 FEV1/FVC
急性支气管收缩 气道高反应性
Swelling of the airway wall
Chronic mucus plug formation Airway wall remodeling
气道壁肿胀
慢性粘液栓形成 气道壁构型重建
Airflow obstruction 气流阻塞 Symptoms 各种症状
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Staging of disease severity 病情严重程度分级
1. Long term evaluation (Tab.2-4-1) 长期病情评价
Step 1: Intermittent 第一级：间歇发作 Attack<1/week,
Night attack<2/month
PEF, FEV180%Pr.
Bronchial Asthma (Asthma)
支气管哮喘 （哮喘）
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I. Epidemiology 流行病学
A very common disease 哮喘为常见病
USA 5%
China 0.5% - 1.0%
美国 5％
中国0.5% - 1.0%
Prevalence is increasing worldwide
Race/ethnicity
2. Environmental Factors 环境的因素
Allergens (domestic mites, animal allergens, fungi, etc.)
过敏原（屋尘螨，动物过敏原，真菌，等等）
Respiratory infections (especially viral infections)
Relevant molecules
有关的生物分子
Inflammatory Mediators 炎症介质 Histamine 组织胺 Acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱 Kinins 激肽 Adenosine 腺苷 Leukotrients (LTC4, LTD4, LTE4) 白三烯 Prostaglandins 前列腺素 Platelet-activating factor 血小板活化因子 etc. 其他
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Pro-inflammatory cytokines 促炎症性细胞因子 Interleukin-4 (IL-4) 白介素-4 IL-5 白介素-5 Tumor necrosing factor-a (TNF-a) 肿瘤坏死因子-a etc. 其他 Anti-inflammatory cytokines 抗炎症性细胞因子 IL-18 白介素-18 IL-10 白介素-10 etc. 其他
Mast cells
有关的细胞
肥大细胞 嗜酸细胞 T细胞(Th1/Th2） 嗜碱细胞 中性粒细胞 肺泡巨噬细胞 上皮细胞 其他
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Eosinophils T lymphocytes (Th1/Th2) Basocytes Neutrophils Alveolar macrophages Epithelium others
后期
慢性气道炎症
气道构型重建
ASMC增生 黏液腺肥大 上皮下纤维化 其他
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VII. Clinical manifestations 临床表现
Symptoms 症状
Episodic breathlessness and wheezing, worse
particularly at night and in the early hours of the morning.
典型者于深夜或凌晨发作
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III. Etiology 病因
Unknown Genetic factors? Environment factors?
遗传与环境因素共同作用？ 不明 遗传因素？ 环境因素？
The combination of these two?
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IV. Risk Factors 易患因素
Step 3: Moderate persistent 第三级：中度持续发作 Attack every day
Night attack>1/week
Need daily use of inhaled short-acting b2-agonist PEF, FEV1>60, <80% Pr. PEF or FEV1-variation>30%
呼吸道感染（尤其是病毒感染）
Exercise and hyperventilation Weather Sulfur dioxide Food Additives Drugs
运动和高通气 气候变化 二氧化硫 食品 食品添加剂 药品
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V. Pathogenesis 发病机制
Envir. factors + Genetic factors 环 境 ＋ 遗 传 因 素 Chronic Airway Inflamation 慢性气道炎症 Acute bronchoconstriction Hyperresponsiveness
阵发性气短、喘鸣，深夜和凌晨尤其明显
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Physical signs
Between acute episodes：
体征
发作间歇期： 可无明显异常
Can be no abnormalities
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During acute attack: 急性发作期 Wheezing ---- not always parallels the symptoms
Typical cases
典型病例
症状＋体征
Symptoms + signs
Atypical cases
Bronchoprovocating tests Brobchodilating tests PEF variation
不典型病例
Symptoms + signs + lab. Tests
气道激发试验 支气管舒张试验 峰值流速变异率
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Key Points
Chronic airway inflammation 气道慢性炎症 Airway hyperresponsiveness 气道高反应性 Reversible airflow obstruction 可逆性气道狭窄 Symptoms: 症状 Wheezing 喘鸣 Breathlessness 气短 Chest tightness 胸闷 Coughing 咳嗽 Typically at night or in the early morning
5. Others Blood routine Sputum culture etc.
血气分析
PaCO2仅见于严重病例
X线胸片
过度充气征 并发症表现
4. Skin tests for specific antigens 过敏原皮试
其他
血常规
痰培养
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Hyperinflation 过度充气征
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IX. Diagnosis 诊断
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Step 4: Severe persistent
Attack frequently
第四级：重度持续发作
Night attack frequently
Limitation of physical activity
PEF, FEV1<60%Pr.
PEF or FEV1 variation>30%
哮鸣音－－其强度并不总是与症状平行
Signs of hyperinflation ----hypersonance
肺过度充气症－－叩诊过度反响
Signs of complication 并发症的体征 Infection 感染 Pneumothorax 气胸 Respiratory failure 呼衰 Heart failure 心衰 etc. 其他
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2. During acute exacerbation (Tab.2-4-3)
急性发作期病情严重程度评价（见表2-4-3）
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X. Differential diagnosis
(Table
2-4-4) Left ventricular failure Chronic asthmatic bronchitis Acute bronchitis ( esp. in infants) Lung cancer Benign airway narrowing Allergic pulmonary infiltration