(天津卷)2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
（天津卷）2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2．本卷共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
一、（12分）阅读下面一段文字，完成1~2题。
转过山角，悄无声息地盘垣一段古潭般______的河湾。
一片暗绿扑上眉睫，浑身一阵清凉。
溪水到这里更加澄澈，像一汪流动的绿玻璃。
夹岸竹树环合，上面是翠盖蓊郁，中间的虬藤柔曼，纠挽披拂。
只有两头逆射出来的波光云影，参差画出流水的_______来。
一棵倔强的老柳树，偃卧在河面，_____的枝叶梢头，兀立着一只鹭鸶，侧头睥睨着岸边的林子。
1．文中加点字的字音和字形，全都正确的一组是A．悄（qio）无声息盘垣（huán）澄澈（chè）B．蓊（wng）郁虬（qiú）藤柔曼（màn）C．披拂（fú）参差（c）倔拗（ào）D．偃（yn）卧兀（wù）立睥（pì）睨2．依次填入文中横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是A．深邃蜿蜒荒疏B．幽邃蜿蜒稀疏C．深邃曲折稀疏D．幽邃曲折荒疏3．下列各句中没有语病的一句是A．尤瓦尔?赫拉利写作了《人类简史》一经上市就登上了以色列畅销书排行榜第一名，蝉联榜首长达100周，30多个国家争相购买版权。
B．英国著名物理学家霍金通过自己杰出的大脑，倾尽毕生精力，以整个宇宙为研究对象，试图解开关于时空和存在的本质。
C．文化创意产业属于知识密集型新兴产业，具有高知识、高融合性、高带动性等优势，是创建宜居“智慧新城”的有力推手。
D．无论是在天津，还是在比赛现场，都有支持热爱天津女排的一批球迷与这支队伍同呼吸共命运。
阅读下面的文字，完成5～7题。
在信息化时代，体能与机械能不再成为生产的主要动力，智能成为发展的决定性因素和权威性标准，而互联网的普及、人工智能的广泛运用则进一步将这种决定性与权威性推向顶峰。
信息是什么？通常的意思是音讯消息及其内容和意义。
从本质上讲，信息是事物存在方式和运动状态的属性，是客观存在的事物现象，但是它必须通过主体的主观认知才能被反映和揭示。
从历史唯物主义的立场来看，信息与人的关系实质上就是人的意识与客观世界之间的沟通。
客观世界所包含的各种信息通过与人的感官的相互作用进入人的意识，并在人的大脑中进行加工和处理，被翻译成人与人之间可以交流的语言再现出来。
人类语言成为这种被意识到的信息存在的唯一載体。
因此，信息与人的关系的本质可以表述为，人是信息的主宰者，信息为人所控制，为人服务。
然而，这种关系在信息化社会遭遇了或正在遭遇颠覆性的挑战。
从人的发展的角度来说，人们，包括大多数学者普遍认为信息化为实现人的自由全面发展莫定了基础。
有了这样的共识，人们放松而理所当然地沉醉于数字化信息带给我们的奇妙、自由、淋漓的快感。
而恰恰是这种人对信息渐形成并且巩固的心理依，将信息与人的本质关系置于了深刻的矛盾之中。
如前所述，现实中的信息必须以人类语言作为自己的唯一载体。
信息化时代生了一种特殊的语言，这种语言就是用以再现被人脑加工处理后的信息，并使之能够被认识被理解、被获取、被保存、被利用以及被再造的计算机语言。
计算机语言虽然也是人类创造，并且也逐渐被广泛使用，但是其背后支撑它的强大的计算机技术却掌在少部分专业人士手中，公众被远远地甩到了高科技发展的边缘，他们只能按照少数人事先设定的程序和规则在仅有的范围内去选择，成为数字化产品的被动接受者。
数字化信息及其技术形态越多地深入到我们的生活，我们就越严地被少数人的思维所控制，且这种控制最终会表现为信息对人的控制。
现代信息及其技术形态能够广泛参人的知觉活动、概念活甚至情感性活动，形成对人的智能的精确模拟，这使它以摆脱对人的依赖性，成为与人对立的异己力量。
这种科学技术与人的矛盾关系，是否意味着，随看信息化社会的发展，人及其社会的深刻信息化与人工智能超越人的对信息处处理的强大功能，将把人类推向被奴役者的终极命运？面对网络普及和信息泛滥，我们要从华丽的科技陷阱和繁杂的信息现象当中超拔出来，确立起人与科技和信息之间主体与对象、控制与被控制的合理关系。
（节选自张志宏《信息化时代人的精神困境与文化救赎》，有删改）5．下列对“信息”相相关内容的理解，与本文不相符的一项是A．信息通常的意思是音讯消息及其内容和意义，现实中的信息以人类语言作为自己的唯一载体。
B．信息是由主体主观认知反映、揭示出的事物存在方式和运动状态的属性。
C．信息与人的关系实质是客观世界与主观世界的沟通，人的主宰地位始终不会动摇。
D．信息通过与人的感官的相互作用进入意识，并被大脑加工处理为可交流的语言再现出来。
6．下列表述，符合本文文意的一项是A．信息化实现了人的自由全面发展，正是因为有了这样的共识，所以人们开始沉醉于数字化信息带来的快感。
B．计算机语言是一种特殊语言，用以再现由人脑加工处理后的信息，并使之能够被认识，被理解，被保存，被利用，被再造C．在信息化时代的今天，公众已经完全被掌握计算机技术和计算机语言的少数专业人士奴役。
D．随着现代信息技术的纵深发展，科学技术与人类最终会形成不可调和的二元对立格局。
7．下面所列当今现象，不能体现倒数第二段所说“科学技术与入的矛盾关系”的一项是A．习惯使用电脑打字的人常常感慨，有些字不会写了，有些字写不好了。
B．家务机器人、自动驾驶汽车开始进入生活，使很多人逐渐由“不用干”变成了“不会干”。
C．智能手机功能越来越多，越来强入哈给人们方便的同时，也使一些人患上严重的手机依赖症。
D．“阿尔法狗”程序战胜顶围棋大师后，职业棋手们纷纷采用智能软件辅助训练，提高水平。
三、（15分）阅读下面的文言文，完成8~12题。
白蘋洲五亭记［唐］白居易湖州城东南二百步，抵霅溪，溪连汀洲，洲一名白蘋。
梁吴兴守柳恽于此赋诗云“汀洲采白蘋”，因以为名也。
前不知几十万年，后又数百载，有名无亭，鞠为荒泽。
至大历十一年，颜鲁公真卿为刺史，始剪榛导流，作八角亭以游息焉。
旋属灾潦荐至，沼堙台圮。
后又数十載，委无隙地。
至开成三年，弘农杨君为刺史，乃疏四渠，浚二池，树三园，构五亭，卉木荷竹，舟桥廊室，洎游宴息宿之具，靡不备焉。
观其架大漢，跨长汀者，谓之白蘋亭。
介二园、阅百卉者，谓之集芳亭。
面广池、目列岫者，谓之山光亭。
玩晨曦者，谓之朝霞亭。
狎清涟者，谓之碧波亭。
五亭间开，万象迭入，向背俯仰，胜无遁形。
每至汀风春溪月秋花繁鸟啼之里开水香之タ宾友集歌吹作舟徐动咏半酣飘然恍然。
游者相顾，成曰：此不知方外也？人间也？又不知蓬瀛昆阆，复何如哉？时予守宫在洛，杨君缄书赍图，请予为记。
予按图握笔，心存目想，覙缕梗概，十不得其二三。
大凡地有胜境，得人而后发；人有心匠，得物而后开：境心相遇，固有时耶？盖是境也，实柳守濫觞之，颜公椎轮之，杨君绘素之：三贤始终，能事毕矣。
杨君前牧舒，舒人治；今牧湖、湖人康。
康之由，革兴利，若改茶法、变税书之类是也。
利兴，故府有羡财；政成，故居多暇日。
是以余力济高情，成胜概，三者旋相为用，岂偶然哉？昔谢、柳为郡，乐山水，多高情，不闻善政；龚、黄为那，忧黎庶，有善政，不闻胜概。
兼而有者，其吾友杨君乎？君名汉公，字用乂。
恐年祀久远，来者不知，故名而字之。
时开成四年，十月十五日，记。
（选自《白居易集》【注】鞠：皆，尽荐：连续覙缕：逐条陈述8．对下列各句中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是A．狎清涟者，谓之碧波亭狎：亲近B．万象迭入迭：重叠C．杨君缄书赍图赍：送D．成胜概概：景象9．下列各句中加点词的意义和用法，相同的一组是A．因以为名也君因我降，与君为兄弟B．作八角亭以游息焉焚百家之言，以愚黔首C．康之由，革弊兴利夫人之相与，俯仰一世D．若改茶法、变税书之类是也若属皆且为所虏10．下列对文中相关内容的解说，不恰当的一项是A．记，是我国古代常用文章体裁，以叙事为主，兼及议论、抒情和描写。
“记”的种类很多，本文是一篇游记。
B．步，古人称跨出一脚为“跬”，再跨一脚为“步”，后即以“步”作为长度单位。
C．刺史、守，皆指古代地方官职，如如《陈情表》中曾提到“前太守臣逵察臣孝廉，后刺史臣荣举臣秀才”。
D．蓬灜，指蓬莱和灜洲，是传说中的海上仙山，为仙人所居之处，后常指仙境。
11．文中画波浪线的句子，断句最合理的一项是A．每至河风春／溪月秋／花繁鸟啼之且／莲开水香之夕／宾友集／舟棹徐动／觞咏半酣／飘然恍然B．每至汀风春溪／月秋花繁／鸟啼之旦／莲开水香之夕／宾友集／歌吹作／舟棹徐动觞／咏半酣／飘然恍然C．每至汀／风春溪月／秋花繁鸟／啼之旦／莲开水香之夕／宾友集歌／吹作舟棹徐动／觞咏半酣／飘然恍然D．每至汀风／春溪月秋／花繁鸟啼之／旦莲开水香之／夕宾友集／歌吹作／舟棹徐动／觞咏半酣／飘然恍然12．下列对文章的理解与分析不恰当的一项是A．文章记叙白洲等的由来，描写白蘋洲胜景，赞美杨汉公“乐山水”“有善政”，叙体合，言简意赅。
B．文章通过丰富的想象，展现了白蘋洲五亭的优美风光，从中不难看出作者对江南山水的热爱。
C．作者将谢、柳、龚、黄四人与杨汉公加以对比，对他们四人没有良好的政绩有批评之意。
D．文章对杨汉公大加褒美，这从侧面体现了白居易“革弊兴利”、关心民生的政治情怀。
绝密启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）语文第Ⅱ卷注意事项:1．用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2．本卷共10小题，共114分。
四、（23分）13．把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
（8分）（1）面广池、目列岫者，谓之山光亭。
（3分）（2）杨君前牧舒，舒人治；今牧湖，湖人康。
（3分）（3）兼而有者，其吾友杨君乎？（2分）14．阅读下面这首诗，按要求作答。
（9分）癸卯岁始春怀古田舍二首（其二）［东晋］陶渊明先师有遗训，忧道不忧贫。
瞻望邈难逮，转欲志长勤。
秉耒欢时务，解颜劝农人。
平畴交远风，良苗亦怀新。
虽未量岁功，既事多所欣。
耕种有时息，行者无问津【注】。
日入相与归，壶浆劳近邻。
长吟掩柴门，聊为陇亩民。
【注】问津：指孔子让子路向两位隐士长沮、桀溺问路的典故。
（1）下列对这首诗的理解和赏析，不恰当的一项是（3分）A．诗人尽管尊崇孔子，但他意识到“忧道不忧贫”难以践行，因此立志躬耕，这体现了他对孔子人生选择的否定。
2018年高考语文试卷(附答案解析)天津卷
2018年高考语文试卷（附答案解析）天津卷绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）语文本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共150分，考试用时150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7至11页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。
答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2．本卷共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
一、阅读下面一段文字，完成下面小题。
转过山角，悄．无声息地盘垣．一段古潭般______的河湾。
一片暗绿扑上眉睫，浑身一阵清凉。
溪水到这里更加澄澈．，像一汪流动的绿玻璃。
夹岸竹树环合，上面是翠盖蓊．郁，中间的虬．藤柔曼．，纠挽披拂．。
只有两头逆射出来的波光云影，参差．．画出流水的_______来。
一棵倔强的老柳树，偃．卧在河面，_____的枝叶梢头，兀．立着一只鹭鸶，侧头睥．睨着岸边的林子。
1. 文中加点字的字音和字形，全都正确的一组是A. 悄．（qiāo）无声息盘垣．（huán）澄澈．（chè）B. 蓊．（wēng）郁虬．（qiú）藤柔曼．（màn）C. 披拂．（fú）参差．（cī）倔拗．（ào）D. 偃．（yǎn）卧兀．（wù）立睥．（pì）睨2. 依次填入文中横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是A. 深邃蜿蜒荒疏B. 幽邃蜿蜒稀疏C. 深邃曲折稀疏D. 幽邃曲折荒疏【答案】1. D 2. B【解析】1. 试题分析：本题考查字音和字形。
A，悄（qiāo）无声息——（qiǎo），盘垣——盘桓；B，蓊（wēng）郁——（wěng）；C，倔拗（ào）——（niù）。
20183月天津高考英语真题
2018年3月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）第一部分第一节单项选择1.---Shall I tell John our secret?---No,you mustn’t. _______ .A. Take it easyB. It sounds like a great ideaC. If you don’t mindD. It’s just between you and me2.Professional skills are tools like a knife or a hammer. You need ____ to complete the things you want to do.A.itB.thatC.themD.ones3.---What’s wrong with the door?---The key has got stuck in it and ____ c ome out.A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t4.---I know you want to talk about this report, but ’Id like to tell you about our new partner.--- ________ . We can talk about him later.A. Let’s stick to the pointB. It’s nice of youC. It’s really hard to sayD. You’ll make it5.It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it ’s important to ________ a good map before you set out.A.studyB.displayC.deliverD.publish6.Mrs. Taylor went around the shops, ____ what she thought was necessary.A.orderedB.orderingC.to haveD.having beenordered ordered7.There was a long wait at the reception desk, ______ everyone was checking in.A.whyB.whichC.whomD.where8.I jumped with joy the moment I ____ my driver’s license in the mail.A.receiveB.receivedC.had receivedD.wouldreceive9.Can we stop the ____ o f the world’s deserts and save the land that man depends so much on?A.lossB.heatC.spreadD.defense10.He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was _________ his father had expected.A.whyB.howC.thatD.what11.There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means moneyfor medical research has been well spent.edingC.to useD.to be used12.When people want to expand their knowledge, they usually _______ books that offer useful information.A.point toB.turn toC.attend toD.belong to13.Make sure you save all your work on screen _______ t he computer breaks down.A.in caseB.as ifC.so thatD.even though14.Jane wishes that she ____ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A.studiedB.had studiedC.would studyD.might have studied15.What was it _____ brought you two together? Was it your love of music?A.asB.whoC.thatD.which第二节完型填空Years of living with a lisp（口齿不清）had taught me it was better not to say anything than to speak and risk embarrassment. As a result of my 16 , I felt distanced from most of my peers（同龄人）.“Kathy? Oh, she’s quiet.” that,s what most people would say when they 17 me, as if “Quiet” were part of my 18 . I was okay with that. I didn ,t need to be 19 .Last September, however, that all 20 . I started my creative writing class with Ms. Haist. Every day we would be given a different writing task and, if we wished, we could 21 what we had written. I 22 listening to others read their work and thinking: “that will never be me. I ’ll never have the 23 to do that.”One day, I was really 24 with what I had written and wanted to share. My heart was beating wildly as I raised my hand. Those 25 little voices were ringing in my ear, “ You have a lisp, remember? 26 , your writing isn ,t that good. Be quiet.” I was about to 27 my hand when I met Ms. Haist’s encouraging eyes.I swallowed the voices down and let my real voice 28 . I could hear it 29 as I read, and I could hear every stutter（结巴）and mistake. I finished reading,waiting to be laughed at. 30 , I heard claps from the class and praise from Ms. Haist.The next day, I did it 31 . soon I was reading out loud nearly every day.Gradually, I realized that 32 my lisp, the class and the teacher always appreciated my writing. Now I may still not be the most 33 , social person, but I have become better at oral presentations. I 34 read my poetry out loud at a reading club.Every time those little voices try to tell me to be quiet, I think of all the encouragement I received in class and I know that I 35 to be heard.16 A.embarrassment B.excitement C.humor D.silence17 A.heard from B.talked of C.called on D.looked for18 B.opinion C.duty D.business19 A.seen B.heard C.followed D.protected20 A.disappeared B.returned C.developed D.changed21 A.examine B.practice C.share D.copy22 A.regret B.consider C.imagine D.remember23 A.time B.courage C.patience D.evidence24 A.busy B.strict C.pleased D.disappointed25 A.tired B.urgent C.funny D.cheerful26 A.Besides B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Normally27 A.touch B.wave C.extend D.withdraw28 A.go down B.die away e out D.calm down29 A.shaking B.singing C.shouting D.deepening30 A.Sadly B.Hopefully C.Honestly D.Unexpectedly31 A.again B.alone C.already D.anyway32 A.thanks to B.instead of C.despite D.except33 A.serious B.outgoing C.nervous D.hardworking34 A.even B.still C.only D.seldom35 A.fear B.agree C.deserve D.pretend第二部分阅读理解AWhen you choose a higher education course, here are some tips for you to follow. Choosing your courseThere are a range of subjects and courses available. Many are work-related; others are academic. You’ll need to look beyond the course title because courses with almost the same name may differ enormously. For example, if you ’re interested in construction but wish to use our creative skills, you may be better suited to a building design management course than a building project management course.Style of learningThink about the style of learning that best suits you. It ’s important to study a subject that ou particularly enjoy, but if you want to follow a career in a different area, you may consider taking the subjects you want to learn and joining them intoone degree. Many degree courses are made up of different subject modules which deal with particular areas of interest.Choosing where to studyWhere you study can be almost as important as what you study. One thing to consider is whether you want to live at home or move away. For some people, living at home offers the best of both worlds, but it may make sense to move if you want to study a particular course at a specific university or college. Many students value the experience of living on campus or in a different part of the country as an important part of university life.Finding out more about coursesOnce you’ve got a list of courses that appeal to you, it’s worth looking at some other sources of information about them, like independent reports. These provide information on the numbers of students who finished the course, student satisfaction and more.Open daysOpen days usually take place in spring or autumn. Although you may have an idea about what a course is like, there ’s no substitute（替代）for attending a class yourself. If you can ’t come on the open days, you can sign up for a guided tour instead.36.You need to look beyond the course title because courses with similar names may be ____ .A.creativity-focusedB.work-relatedD.quite similarC.far different37.What are you advised to do if your interest disagrees with your future career?A.Add preferred subjects to your degree courses.B.Choose the subjects based on your interest.C.Earn different degreesD.Give up your interest38.What do we learn about from Para. 4?A.Disadvantages of studying on campusB.Reasons for choosing where to studyC.Importance of attending a nearby collegeD.Problems of going to a faraway university39.Why is it recommended to check independent reports?A.to increase applicants’ interest.B.to better understand a course.C.to figure out how to complete a course.D.to find out how different the courses are.40.On the open days, would -be college students can ______ .A.sign up for a particular courseB.take a guided tour on the campusC.see whether there is a substitute courseD.have a first-hand experience of a courseWith a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence of her English essay about one of her heroes, Rosa Parks, an important figure in the Civil RightsMovement.“Keisha” her mother shouted from downstairs. “It’s almost 4:15.”“Don’t worry. I won’t be late.” Keisha pulled down a storybook from her bookshelf, as she always read to the nursing home’s residents. And on an impulse（一时心血来潮），she added her English notebook as well.As Keisha came running in the door, the manager told her, “We have a new resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watson. She’s still adjusting to her new surroundings. You’ll find her in Room 28. and by the way, Keisha, good luck.”Keisha walked down the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Room 28, she met two sharp brown eyes staring at her doubtfully.“I’m Keisha Jackson, a volunteer,” Keisha explained. “I come here to help pass the time with residents, or read to them, or,...” Keisha started stammering（结巴）as Mrs. Watson continued to stare at her.“I didn’t request anyone to keep me company,” Mrs. Watson interrupted. “I’m alone most of the time, and that’s how I prefer it.”“I brought along some funny stories” Keisha said hesitantly.“I’m not in the mood for funny stories”, Mrs. Watson replied angrily.“What else do you have?”Nervously, Keisha opened her notebook to her essay. She read the title aloud, “Rosa Parks: A Woman of Courage and Conviction（信念）.” she glanced at Mrs. Watson to see how she might react, but to her surprise, Mrs. Watson’s face relaxedand her eyes shone. “Read to me about Rosa,” Mrs. Watson said.Keisha read how Rosa Parks’ refusal to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in 1955 inspired the protest that became a turning point in the struggle for civil rights.“I walked with Rosa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King, ” Mrs. Watson said with pride. “That was the greatest moment of my life because...” she paused.Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watson said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank you for reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell you my story.” 41. Why did Keisha take her English notebook along?A.Her mother asked her to take it.B.She would hand it in on her way.C.She might read her essay to someone.D.The manager wanted to read her essay.42.Why did the manager wish Keisha good luck before she visited Mrs. Watson?A.Mrs. Watson could be difficult.B.Mrs. Watson was in poor health.C.Keisha was feeling nervous.D.Keisha was a shy person.43.Mrs. Watson’s eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was _____ .A.amusedB.puzzledC.annoyedD.interested44.What effect did Keisha’s essay have on Mrs. Watson?A.It aroused her curiosity in volunteer work.B.It built up her expectation for more visitors.C.It awoke her pride in her struggle for civil rights.D.It changed her attitude to the Civil Rights Movement.45.Readers may find this story inspiring because ________ .A.a girl enjoys learning about her heroes.B.a girl helps someone feel appreciated.C.a woman overcomes hardship by herself.D.a woman gathers the courage for life.CIf you were bringing friends home to visit, you could show them the way. You know the landmarks --------- a big red house or a bus-stop sign. But what if you were swimming in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean? Could you still find your way home? A loggerhead turtle（海龟）could.According to Dr. Ken Lohmann, loggerheads have a magnetic（磁力的）sense based on Earth’s magnetic field. It helps them locate the best spots for finding food and their home beaches.Scientists already know that several other animals, such as whales and honeybees, can detect（探测到）magnetic fields. The difference between them and loggerheads, however, is the way they learn to use their magnetic sense. Young whales and honeybees can learn from adults. Loggerheads are abandoned as eggs.As newborn loggerheads have no adults to learn from, what helps them figure out how to use their magnetic sense? Lohmann thinks one of the cues was light on the sea.Baby loggerheads hatch only at night. However, a small amount of light reflects off the ocean. The light makes that region brighter. Heading toward the light helpsthem get quickly out to sea, where they can find food. Lohmann tested whether newborn loggerheads use this light source to set their magnetic“compasses” （罗盘）. he and his team put some newborns in a water tank and recorded which way they swam. Around the tank, the scientists created a magnetic field that matched the Earth’s. they set a weak light to the east of the magnetic field. Then they let the newborns go.At first, the newborns swam toward the light. After the scientists turned off the light, the turtles that had seen the light in the east always swam toward east. When the researchers reversed（颠倒）the magnetic field, these turtles turned around and swam toward the new “east”.This and the follow-up experiments all showed that loggerheads use light from the outside world to set their magnetic “compasses” and then remember the “correct” direction. If a turtle hatches on a brightly-lit beach, that would damage its magnetic sense forever and make survival hard for the turtle.Lohmann’s work has led others to protect the habitat of this endangered species. Yet many questions about these creatures remain unanswered, and researchers havea lot to study.46.Loggerheads and whales differ in the way they ________ .A.bring up their youngB.recognize landmarksC.detect magnetic fieldsD.learn to find directions47.What is needed for newborn loggerheads to set their magnetic sense?A.Weak light reflected off the ocean.B.Help from adult loggerheads.C.Bright sunlight from the sky.D.Food in warmer waters.48.In the experiment, after the newborns ’ magnetic sense was set, their moving direction was determined by ________ .A.the lightB.the magnetic fieldC.other unknown factorsD.the light and the magnetic field49.What is the significance of Lohmann’s research work?A.It enables researchers to keep track of turtles.B.It contributes to the studies of the magnetic field.C.It offers a new solution to environmental pollution.D.It helps protect the loggerheads’ living environment.50.What could be the best title of the passage?A.Experiments on loggerheadsB.The survival of the Sea TurtleC.The Loggerhead’s Built-in “Compass”parison of Loggerheads and other Animals.Most people aren’t good at creative problem solving for two reasons: (1) they are not trained in how to be creative. (2) they don’t understand group strength well enough to harness(驾驭)their power to maximize group creativity.A key element of creativity is applying existing knowledge to a new problem. The more people getting involved in solving it, the more knowledge there is to work on it. Unfortunately, research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods fail to achieve that goal. When groups get together to exchange ideas, they actually come up with fewer ideas overall than if they each had worked alone.To fix this problem, you should consider the two stages of group problem-solving: divergency分散)and convergence集中).divergence happens when the group considers as many different potential solutions as possible. Convergence happens when the various proposed solutions are evaluated and reduced to a smaller set of candidate solutions to the current problem.The essential principle of group creativity is that individuals working alone diverge, whereas group members working together converge. In groups, once a member states a potential solution, that makes others think about the problem similarly. That is why groups working together diverge less than individuals working alone.Therefore, be aware of when to diverge and when to converge. For example, early in the problem-solving process, have group members work alone to write down statements describing the problem. Then get them back to discuss their descriptions. The group discussion will lead everyone to accept one or a smallnumber of these statements to work on ---- t his is healthy convergence.When starting to generate solutions, you again want divergence. Have people work alone to start. Then collect people’s initial ideas and send them around to others and allow the divergence to continue as everyone individually builds on theideas of other members.Finally, let the group discuss the result ideas. This discussion will gradually lead the group to converge on a small number of candidate solutions.This simple method works effectively, because it respects what individuals and groups do best.51.Research shows that the traditional brainstorming methods ___________ .A.actually limit group creativityB.greatly encourage group creativityC.enable people to form more ideas togetherD.prevent people’s involvement in the problems52.According to Para. 4, when a member present an idea, others tend to _________ .A.think the other way roundB.follow his way of thinkingC.be more confident in their own ideasD.be less willing to share their own ideas53.What should group members firstdo early in the problem-solving process?A.Discuss the problemB.Simplify the problem.C.Put down group statements together.D.Write down their individual descriptions.54.How can each group member make changes to his initial solution?A.By adding in collected evidence.B.By reorganizing his own words.C.By drawing on others’ ideasD.By making his statement briefer.55.What is author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To advocate a way to make group thinking more effective.B.To demonstrate the difficulty in organizing group thinking.C.To highlight the differences between divergence and convergence.D.To show the advantage of group thinking over individual thinking. 第三部分写作第一节阅读表达For many teenagers, a job is a way to earn a little extra money. For me, it is more than that.At the age of 16, I was offered my very first job as a shop-girl in a clothing store. On the first day, my manager was training me how to fold and organize platform after platform of clothes. The work seems overwhelming, and everything had to be done in an accurate way. I got so impatient because I couldn ’t get it right the first couple of times. After about ten tries, I had the clothes folded perfectly. Then it took me thirty minutes to get them all looking uniform. Now, I fold and organizeclothes every day, and I’m able to do them well. Through this experience, I’ve learned to be patient.Helping customers and establishing connections with them is one of the things I love most about my job. About two months ago, I helped a woman who was looking for a dress. She told me exactly what she was picturing ------------ a blue dress with long sleeves and a lace neck. We didn’t have any such dress, and when I explainedthat to her, she wasn’t very happy. Instead of getting annoyed, I tried to know her a bit better and asked what the dress was for, so I could find other items in her size that could work. We shared our love of the Netflix show, and she ended up buying $200 worth of new clothes, having found other items she liked. This experience has taught me to be more open with strangers.Every job has its share of frustration and challenges; to do well you must learn to deal with them. I’ve learned this from my own experience, and it has helped me in other aspects of my life as well.56.What was the author’s first job?(no more than 5 words)57.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 2?(no more than 3 words) 58. How did the author manage to meet the customer’s needs in Para. 3?(no more than 15 words)59.How has the author’s work experience changed her in personality?(no more than 10 words)60.What job would you like to do ? how can you help people in you work?(no more than 20 words)第二节书面表达61.假如你是晨光中学的李津。
2018年普通高等学校全国统一考试(天津卷)听力原文及参考答案
2018年普通高等学校全国统一考试（天津卷）听力录音文字材料A卷(Text 1)W: Can I help you?M: Yes, I’m looking for a sweater, medium size.W: Let’s see… here’s a nice white one and also a red one. What do you think?M: I think I’d rather have it in blue.(Text 2)W: Could you have my car ready at 5:00, please?M: Sure, the damage is slight.(Text 3)M: Is it still raining outside?W: No, but the wind is still blowing.(Text 4)M: Paul says he doesn’t like television.W: Yes, but he spends a lot of time watching it, doesn’t he?(Text 5)M: Hi, I haven’t seen you around here before. Have you worked here long?W: No, I’ve only been here a few months. I work in the HR Department.M: Oh I’m in Sales.(Text 6)M: Good morning. I wonder if you could help me. I’d like some information about holidays in Florida.W: Yes, certainly. It’s a very popular place. When are you considering going?M: The first two weeks in July. Do you happen to have any information about the beaches, towns, and restaurants?W: Yes, is all contained in this guidebook. It lists all the tours we offer and gives details about hotels, food, and entertainments. Perhaps you’d like to think it over, and then contact us again. M: Right. That seems the best idea. Oh, could you also tell me what the sports facilities are like in Florida? My wife and I are both keen on sports, and we want to make sure we can keep active during the holiday.W: Yes, sure. There are opportunities for swimming, water-skiing and sailing. There are also tennis court and golf courses. Do you have other sports in mind?M: No, that’s fine. We wanted to know mainly about water sports. Right, thank you. I’ll get in touch with you in a few days.Text 7W: Hi, Jeff. Have you been to the art room today?M: No. Why?W: Well, Mr. Jennings hung up a notice about a big project that’s going on downtown. They’re going to make a painting on the entire wall of a buildingM: Where?W: It’s that big wall on the side of the public library. And students from this school are going to do the whole thing… create a design, and paint it, and everything. I wish I could be a part of it, but I’m too busy.M: Cool! I’d love to help. Imagine everyone in town walking past that wall and seeing my artwork, every day.W: I thought you’d be interested. They want it to be about nature.M: This could be so much fun.W: Well, maybe you should go to the art room first to get more information from Mr. Jennings. M: Oh, yeah. Good idea. Thanks for letting me know, Lisa. I’ll go there right away.Text 8Hello, everyone. Welcome to the campus. This morning, there will be a short tour of the university before we head to the administration building to register. I’ve been selected to be your tour guide because I’ve been a student on this campus for three years, and I know it well.The first stop of our tour is the library. As you can see, it’s a large library, with over 100, 000 books, journals, newspapers and magazines from around the world. The library is open seven days a week from 8:00 am to midnight.From the library we’ll move on to the Student Center, where you can find a bookstore, a post office, a bank, a theater, a coffee shop and a travel agency. The Student Center is to provide services and entertainments for students.The final stop on our tour is the administration building. In this area, you will find the lecture hall where you can register. Well, the next item on your agenda is to register. Good luck!试卷BText 1W: Ah, this bus seems to be running late. How long have you been waiting?M: I’ve been here for at least fifteen minutes now.Text 2W: I’ve been reading a fascinating book about life in the Old West.M: I wonder if it’s the same one I read last month.Text 3M: It’s almost midnight. Why don’t we leave these dishes until tomorrow?W: Good idea. I’m worn out.Text 4W: Can you lend me some money for lunch? I left my purse in the car.M: You bought me lunch last weeks. It’s my turn to treat you.Text 5W: I just love this new CD. Have you heard it?M: I really don’t listen to pop music. I prefer classical.Text 6W: Good afternoon. Melrose Apartments. May I help you?M: Yes. I’m interested in renting a one-bedroom apartment. Do you have any available?W: No, I’m sorry. None are available at this time, but I expect a vacancy in about three weeks.Could I interest you in a two-bedroom?M: Well, I’m a student, and I have to be careful with money. How much more would a two-bedroom apartment cost me?W: The one-bedroom rents for $150 a month and the two-bedroom is only thirty-five dollars more.M: Is the two-bedroom a great deal larger than the one bedroom?W: Yes, it is. Also, I might tell you that the one-bedroom doesn’t have a dishwasher. All of our two-bedroom apartments do.M: When could I see an apartment?W: How about later this afternoon? Let’s see. I have an appointment at three-thirty and another one at four. How about five o’clock this afternoon?M: That would be fine.W: I’ll be looking forward to seeing you then.Text 7M: Come in. What can I do for you?W: Professor Donner, are you giving your Advanced Geography course again next semester?M: Yes, I’m planning on it.W: I wonder if I could register for it. I know it’s a graduate course and I’m only a junior. But… M: Aren’t you a bit young? I’ve allowed qualified seniors to take the course. And they usually have a hard time keeping up.W: I know. But the geography of the American West is my favorite interest and I’ve done a lot of reading in the field. Last semester I took Professor Burman’s course and I didn’t find it nearly challenging enough.M: I see. You certainly aren’t one of those students who are out for easy grades.W: I should say not. I really want to learn something.M: Well, I’ll speak to Professor Berman. If he thinks you’re ready, I’ll let you register.W: Oh, thanks. Professor Donner, that’s really very nice of you.Text 8Good afternoon, everyone. Today I am going to talk about a man who is kind of a hero of mine. How many of you have heard about Lewis Pugh? I can see only a few of you have raised your hands. Well, hadn’t heard of him either, until 2007, when I read that he completed a one-kilometer swim in the Arctic Ocean. In a TV interview, he said that when he jumped into the water, the pain was so alarming and so strong that he considered quitting. However, he finished that swim because he wanted to raise awareness about the climate change crisis. Pretty impressive, right? So in this presentation I’m going to talk about his background, his amazing swims, and his work as an environmentalist. Ok, so Lewis Pugh was born on December 5, 1969 in England. When Lewis was a child, his family lived both in England and in South Africa. When he was in South Africa, his father took him to a lot of nature reserves and wild animal parks. Some people believe these tripsexcited his interest in animals and the environment. As an environmentalist...参考答案A卷：1-5 AABCB 6-10 ACCAA 11-15 ACCBBB卷：1-5 BAABB 6-10 CCBAA 11-15 ABCCB。
2018年高考语文天津卷-答案
天津省2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文答案解析一、1.【答案】D【解析】A项，“悄无声息”的“悄”应读qiǎo。
“盘垣”应为“盘桓”。
B项，“郁”的“翁”应读wěng。
C项，“倔拗”的“拗”应读niù。
【考点】识记现代汉语普通话常用字的字音和字形的能力。
2.【答案】B【解析】“深邃”，深；深奥。
“幽邃”，幽深（深而幽静）。
联系前后文“悄无声息”“古潭般”“河湾”，用“幽邃”更合适。
“蜿蜓”，蛇类爬行的样子；（山脉、河流、道路等）弯弯曲曲地延伸的样子。
“曲折”，弯曲；（事情发展、故事情节）复杂，变化多。
此处形容流水弯弯曲曲延伸的样子，用“蜿蜓”更合适。
“荒疏”，（学业、技术）因平时缺乏练习而生疏。
“稀疏”，（物体、声音等）在空间或时间上间隔远。
结合语境，此处指树梢上枝叶稀少，应该用“稀疏”。
故选B项。
【考点】正确运用词语的能力。
3.【答案】C【解析】A项，结构混乱，可把“写作了”改为“写作的”。
B项，“解开……本质”搭配不当，可把“解开”改为“揭示”。
D项，“天津”和“比赛现场”并列使用，不合逻辑；此外，还有语序不当的语病，应该是“一批支持热爱天津女排的球迷”。
【考点】辨析病句的能力。
4.【答案】C【解析】A项，“舍生取义”出自《孟子》。
B项，“三打祝家庄”是《水浒传》中的情节。
D项，“卡西莫多”是法国文学家维克多·雨果创作的《巴黎圣母院》里的一个十分重要的人物。
【考点】识记文化常识的能力。
二、阅读5.【答案】C【解析】C项，“人的主宰地位始终不会动摇”说法错误，原文第三段中说“人是信息的主宰者，信息为人所控制，为人服务。
然而，这种关系在信息化社会遭遇了或正在遭遇颠覆性的挑战”。
【考点】理解文中重要概念的含义的能力。
6.【答案】B【解析】A项，“信息化实现了人的自由全面发展”说法错误，由原文第四段“人们，包括大多数学者普遍认为信息化为实现人的自由全面发展奠定了基础”可知，信息化只是为实现人的自由全面发展奠定了基础，并不是实现了人的自由全面发展。
高考天津卷语文含参考答案
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）语文本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共150分，考试用时150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7至11页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。
答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利！第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2．本卷共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
一、（12分）阅读下面一段文字，完成1~2题。
转过山角，悄．无声息地盘垣．一段古潭般______的河湾。
一片暗绿扑上眉睫，浑身一阵清凉。
溪水到这里更加澄澈．，像一汪流动的绿玻璃。
夹岸竹树环合，上面是翠盖蓊．郁，中间的虬．藤柔曼．，纠挽披拂．。
只有两头逆射出来的波光云影，参差．．画出流水的_______来。
一棵倔强的老柳树，偃．卧在河面，_____的枝叶梢头，兀．立着一只鹭鸶，侧头睥．睨着岸边的林子。
1．文中加点字的字音和字形，全都正确的一组是A．悄．（qiāo）无声息盘垣．（h uán）澄澈．（chè）B．蓊．（wēng）郁虬．（qiú）藤柔曼．（màn）C．披拂．（fú）参差．（cī）倔拗．（ào）D．偃．（yǎn）卧兀．（wù）立睥．（pì）睨2．依次填入文中横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是A．深邃蜿蜒荒疏B．幽邃蜿蜒稀疏C．深邃曲折稀疏D．幽邃曲折荒疏3．下列各句中没有语病的一句是A．尤瓦尔?赫拉利写作了《人类简史》一经上市就登上了以色列畅销书排行榜第一名，蝉联榜首长达100周，30多个国家争相购买版权。
B．英国着名物理学家霍金通过自己杰出的大脑，倾尽毕生精力，以整个宇宙为研究对象，试图解开关于时空和存在的本质。
(完整版)2018天津高考英语真题及答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)第一节:单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）例：Stand over there you'll be able to see it better.A. OrB. andC. butD. while1．-Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?- ___ ，She will be here in about twenty minutes.A. All rightB. Don 't worryC. No wonderD. Enjoy yourself2．Kate，sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. WhomB. thatC. WhoseD. her3．At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up4．let's not pick these peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB. as ifC. even thoughD. so that5．-I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.-Just let me know when, and I'll be there.A. You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kidding6．The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspiredscientists to explore the outer space.A. AdviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation7．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .A. TakingB. takenC. being takenD. take8．It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. DisplayB. acquireC. teachD. test9．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. WhomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever10．I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left11．Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went .A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random12．I didn 't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help it.A. to cat: to tryB. eating: tryingC. eating, to tryD. to eat; trying13．My washing machine this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired14．It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. WhichB. thatC. whenD. where15．If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分,满分30分)No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16.I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head___18 __job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the school's old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 .Most important, I began to treat them like 26 . That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their 27 , we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 30 .Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life！From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35, and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made,not born.16．A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature17．A .experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18．A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching19．A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20．A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21．A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret22．A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23．A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24．A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25．A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26．A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners27．A. reward B. vacations C. health D. honor28．A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29．A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30．A. relax B. Improve C. expand D. defend31．A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32．A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33．A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. offers34．A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35．A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers（灭火器），They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area，you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors，smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety，never tamper with（胡乱摆弄）these systems. False are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill，please do the following：Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift.Moct outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动）, contact residence hall staff immediately.·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke. inform your hall staff. 36．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37．What do the automatic fire alarm systems include？A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm Pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.38．In a fire drill, the students shouldA. rush quickly to a liftB. gather at the nearest exitC. shut the door and leave at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39．What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage themC. Improper use of them can destroy the apartmentD. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden40．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should .A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is workingBWhen I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.“Oh, stop. There it is！”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. “we're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy（爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "where do you think you are?" he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum！” He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street. ""what's this place?" I asked, still confused. "Well, it' s our home.”My heart jolted(震颤),I raced to the staircase and called out,“ Sally! Come down immediately!“There' s some really good stuff（艺术作品) up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place. "Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you”41．What do we know about Marian McNay？A. She was a painter.B. She was a community leader.C. She was a museum director.D. She was a journalist.42．Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?A. She disliked people who were nosy.B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C. She knew more about art than the man.D. She mistook him for a tour guide.43．How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A. Puzzled.B. Concerned.C. Frightened.D. Delighted.44．Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D. The event happening in the house was more significant.45．What could we learn from the last paragraph?A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.B. People should spend more time with their familyC. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.CThere's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that-it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to" re-create forms and pieces" of food that are"exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体)fom plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirementsNutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content. like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday 's bread from the supermarket, you' d eat something baked just for you on demand."ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物)before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants. 46．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？A. It helps cooks to create new dishes .B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions.D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.47．What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？A. It solves food shortages easily.B. It quickens the transportation of food.C. It needs no space for the storage of food.D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.48．According to Paragraph 4，3D-printed food .A. is more available to consumersB. can meet individual nutritional needsC. is more tasty than food in supermarkets D, can keep all the nutrition in raw materials 49．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A. The printing process is complicated.B. 3D food printers are too expensive.C. Food materials have to be dryD. Some experts doubt 3D food printing50．What could be the best title of the passage?A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New TechnologyB. A New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC. The Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD. 3D Food Printing: From Farm to TableDGive yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you' ll have no trouble answering these questions。
2018年天津高考英语试卷及答案
英语-天津卷2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试第I卷第一部分:英语知识运用（共两节，满分45 分）第一节:单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例：Stand over there you'll be able to see it better.A. orB. andC. butD. while 答案是B。
1. -Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?- ，She will be here in about twenty minutes.A. All rightB. Don 't worryC. No wonderD. Enjoy yourself2. Kate，sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. WhoseD. her3. At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up4.let's not pick these peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB. as ifC. even thoughD. so that5. -I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.- Just let me know when, and I'll be there.A. You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kidding6.The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation7.I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take8.It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test9.The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. whomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever10.I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left11.Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went .A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random12.I didn 't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help it.A. to cat: to tryB. eating: tryingC. eating, to tryD. to eat; trying13.My washing machine this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired14.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where15.If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题 1.5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
2018天津高考英语真题及答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)第一节:单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）例：Stand over there you'll be able to see it better.A. OrB. andC. butD. while1．-Wasn't Joan supposed to be here by now?- ___ ，She will be here in about twenty minutes.A. All rightB. Don 't worryC. No wonderD. Enjoy yourself2．Kate，sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. WhomB. thatC. WhoseD. her3．At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he as she was so confident about her skills.A. gave inB. dressed upC. broke inD. turned up4．let's not pick these peaches until this weekend they get sweet enough to be eaten.A. ever sinceB. as ifC. even thoughD. so that5．-I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.- Just let me know when, and I'll be there.A. You betB. It dependsC. Forget itD. No kidding6．The that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspiredscientists to explore the outer space.A. AdviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation7．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph .A. TakingB. takenC. being takenD. take8．It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. DisplayB. acquireC. teachD. test9．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.A. WhomeverB. whereverC. whoeverD. whatever10．I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. might leaveD. could have left11．Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went .A. at firstB. after allC. above allD. at random12．I didn 't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help it.A. to cat: to tryB. eating: tryingC. eating, to tryD. to eat; trying13．My washing machine this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.A. was repairedB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. has been repaired14．It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. WhichB. thatC. whenD. where15．If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分,满分30分)No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own 16.I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. I took the head___18 __job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for theschool's old team to play against the 19 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn't 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 .Most important, I began to treat them like 26 . That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their 27 , we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 30 .Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn't what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life！From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35, and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made,not born.16．A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature17．A .experiment B. experience C. visit D. show18．A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching19．A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20．A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21．A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret22．A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23．A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24．A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25．A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26．A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners27．A. reward B. vacations C. health D. honor28．A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29．A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30．A. relax B. Improve C. expand D. defend31．A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32．A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33．A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. offers34．A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed35．A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems，fire alarms，and fire extinguishers（灭火器），They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area，you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual（手动的）fire alarm systemswhich include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors，smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety，never tamper with（胡乱摆弄）these systems. False are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill，please do the following：Take your room key and ID，close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit；do not use a lift.Moct outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动）, contact residence hall staff immediately.·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke. inform your hall staff. 36．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37．What do the automatic fire alarm systems include？A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm Pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations.38．In a fire drill, the students shouldA. rush quickly to a liftB. gather at the nearest exitC. shut the door and leave at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39．What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage themC. Improper use of them can destroy the apartmentD. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden40．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should .A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is workingBWhen I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, "Do you have the address? ""No, but I'll recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.“Oh, stop. There it is！”The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us."May I help you?" a man asked. "No, "I said. “we're fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy（爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "where do you think you are?" he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum！” He smiled, shaking his head. "Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street. ""what's this place?" I asked, still confused. "Well, it' s our home.”My heart jolted(震颤),I raced to the staircase and called out,“ Sally! Come down immediately!“There' s some really good stuff（艺术作品) up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, "Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place. "Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing She couldn't believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?""Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”"That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I've always wanted to thank you”41．What do we know about Marian McNay？A. She was a painter.B. She was a community leader.C. She was a museum director.D. She was a journalist.42．Why did the author refuse the help from the man in the house?A. She disliked people who were nosy.B. She felt nervous when talking to strangers.C. She knew more about art than the man.D. She mistook him for a tour guide.43．How did the author feel about being stared at by the people in the hall?A. Puzzled.B. Concerned.C. Frightened.D. Delighted.44．Why did the author describe the real McNay museum in just a few words?A. The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her.B. She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.C. The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.D. The event happening in the house was more significant.45．What could we learn from the last paragraph?A. People should have good taste to enjoy life.B. People should spend more time with their familyC. People tend to be blind to the beauty around them.D. People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.CThere's a new frontier in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isn't stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that-it takes years of experience, but a printermakes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to" re-create forms and pieces" of food that are" exactly the same,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.Sustainability(可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids(水解胶体)fom plentiful renewables like algae(藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock "food" that lasts years on end, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirementsNutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, "Food printing could allow consumer to print food with customized nutritional content. like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday 's bread from the supermarket, you' d eat something baked just for you on demand."ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste(糊状物)before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.46．What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？A. It helps cooks to create new dishes .B. It saves time and effort in cooking.C. It improves the cooking conditions.D. It contributes to restaurant decorations.47．What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraph 3？A. It solves food shortages easily.B. It quickens the transportation of food.C. It needs no space for the storage of food.D. It uses renewable materials as sources of food.48．According to Paragraph 4，3D-printed food .A. is more available to consumersB. can meet individual nutritional needsC. is more tasty than food in supermarkets D, can keep all the nutrition in raw materials 49．What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A. The printing process is complicated.B. 3D food printers are too expensive.C. Food materials have to be dryD. Some experts doubt 3D food printing50．What could be the best title of the passage?A. 3D Food Printing: Delicious New TechnologyB. A New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC. The Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD. 3D Food Printing: From Farm to TableDGive yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you' ll have no trouble answering these questions。
2018年高考英语天津卷-答案
天津省2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语答案解析第一部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空I.【答案】B【解析】句意：——琼此刻不应该在这里了吗？——不用担心。
她将会在20分钟内到达这里的。
A项“好的”；B项“不急，不用担心”；C项“难怪”；D项“玩得开心”。
根据句意可知选B项。
【考点】情景交际2.【答案】C【解析】根据语境可知此处表示“凯特的妹妹”，故用whose引导定语从句并在从句中作sister的定语。
【考点】定语从句3.【答案】A【解析】A项“放弃，屈服；让步”；B项“打扮，装饰”；C项“打断，闯入”；D项“出现；调大”。
句意：起初罗伯特不让他的女儿潜水，但是最终他让步了，因为他女儿对自己的潜水技能很有信心。
【考点】动词短语辨析4.【答案】D【解析】句意：让我们到周末再摘桃子吧，这样吃起来就会足够甜了。
A项“自从”；B项“好像，似乎”；C项“尽管，即使”；D项“以便，为了”。
【考点】状语从句5.【答案】A【解析】A项“当然，肯定地”；B项“视情况而定”；C项“不必在意；算了，没关系”；D项“别开玩笑”。
根据答语中的“告诉我什么时间，我就会在那里”可知选A项。
【考点】情景交际6.【答案】C【解析】A项“建议”；B项“命令”；C项“可能性”；D项“邀请”。
句意：宇宙中的其他星球上存在生命的可能性一直激励着科学家们去探索外太空。
【考点】名词词义辨析7.【答案】B【解析】根据短语take a photograph“拍照”和固定结构have sth. done可知，此处应用take的过去分词.【考点】非谓语动词8.【答案】B【解析】A项“陈列”；B项“获得，习得”；C项“教”；D项“测试”。
句意：获得成为一个优秀舞者所需要的技能花费了他很长时间。
【考点】动词词义辨析9.【答案】C【解析】分析句子成分后可知，to后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，再根据句意可知，此处应用whoever，表示“任何一位”。
2018年高考天津卷语文(含参考答案)
绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）语文本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共150分，考试用时150分钟。
第Ⅰ卷1至6页，第Ⅱ卷7至11页。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。
答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利！第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
2．本卷共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
一、（12分）阅读下面一段文字，完成1~2题。
转过山角，悄．无声息地盘垣．一段古潭般______的河湾。
一片暗绿扑上眉睫，浑身一阵清凉。
溪水到这里更加澄澈．，像一汪流动的绿玻璃。
夹岸竹树环合，上面是翠盖蓊．郁，中间的虬．藤柔曼．，纠挽披拂．。
只有两头逆射出来的波光云影，参差．．画出流水的_______来。
一棵倔强的老柳树，偃．卧在河面，_____的枝叶梢头，兀．立着一只鹭鸶，侧头睥．睨着岸边的林子。
1．文中加点字的字音和字形，全都正确的一组是A．悄．（qiāo）无声息盘垣．（h uán）澄澈．（chè）B．蓊．（wēng）郁虬．（qiú）藤柔曼．（màn）C．披拂．（fú）参差．（cī）倔拗．（ào）D．偃．（yǎn）卧兀．（wù）立睥．（pì）睨2．依次填入文中横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是A．深邃蜿蜒荒疏B．幽邃蜿蜒稀疏C．深邃曲折稀疏D．幽邃曲折荒疏3．下列各句中没有语病的一句是A．尤瓦尔?赫拉利写作了《人类简史》一经上市就登上了以色列畅销书排行榜第一名，蝉联榜首长达100周，30多个国家争相购买版权。
B．英国着名物理学家霍金通过自己杰出的大脑，倾尽毕生精力，以整个宇宙为研究对象，试图解开关于时空和存在的本质。