特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句1.掌握特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的基本构成及重点用法；2.能在具体的语境中灵活运用本节课的内容。
1. 疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是引导词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序，即＂疑问词+主语+谓语+其他＂。
►I wonder what I should do next. 我想知道下一步我该做什么。
【警示】宾语从句的标点要根据主句的句子类型来确定。
当主句是陈述句时，句末通常用句点；当主句是疑问句时，句末通常用问号。
2. 含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句。
（1）若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成＂疑问词+动词不定式＂的复合结构。
►I don’t know how I should do it next.=I don’t know how to do it next. 我不知道下一步应该怎样做。
（2）当主句谓语动词是see, hear, watch等时，其后的that从句常简化为＂宾语+动词原形/动词-ing形式＂。
►I saw some boys were playing basketball on the playground just now. I saw some boys playing basketball on the playground just now.刚才我看到一些男孩正在操场上打篮球。
（3）当主句的谓语动词是hope, agree, wish等，且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，其后以that引导的宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。
►He agreed that he could help me with my English. He agreed to help me with my English.宾语从句除由引导词that，if/whether引导外还可由what，which，whom，when等引导。
(全)初中英语-巧变宾语从句
初中英语-巧变宾语从句----宾语从句"三个三"（三种类型、三个步骤和三点注意）初三同学复习宾语从句，应抓住关键。
如果掌握了以下三点，定会收到事半功倍的效果。
一、三种类型宾语从句一共有三种类型：1.that引导的宾语从句（陈述句变宾从）。
如：He said (that) it was Sunday yesterday.2.if/whether引导的宾语从句（一般疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句变宾从）。
如：Could you tell me if /whether there will be a test next week?3.when, which等连接代词或连接副词（特殊疑问词）引导的宾语从句（特殊疑问句变宾从）。
如：I don't know how I can get there.二、三个步骤变宾语从句应遵循以下三个步骤：1. 确定引导词根据从句的句子类型选择正确的引导词：如从句为陈述句则引导词为that(that 在口语中常省略)；如从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句，则引导词为if或whether；如从句是特殊疑问句，则引导词为特殊疑问词本身。
2. 调整语序宾语从句永远是陈述句语序。
如原句是疑问句，则应调整为陈述句语序。
如：1) Is he going to the shop? I want to know. (改为宾语从句)I want to know if/whether he is going to the shop.2) When does he get up? Do you know? (改为宾语从句)Do you know when he gets up?3. 变换时态A. 如主句动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，则宾语从句根据实际情况用所需要的任何时态。
如：1) He says (that) he will finish the work tomorrow.2) I think (that) they have already gone to Beijing.B. 如主句动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句动词的时态用过去时的某种形式（如，一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等。
【吃透语法】特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，从句的连接词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。
特殊疑问句的疑问词通常有疑问代词what, which, who, whose和疑问副词where, when, why, how等。
Show me what you have written. 把你所写的给我看看。
I don’t know whose dictionary it is. 我不知道这是谁的词典。
【典例精析】改为宾语从句（2013 上海中考）“Who is responsible for the food safety problem?”asked the reporter.The reporter asked _____ ______ responsible for the food safety problem.【点拨】who was二、宾语从句的语序特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，不管主句是陈述句还是疑问句，从句都是用“连词+陈述句语序的句子”，句末是否用问号由主句来定。
主句是陈述句时，句末用句号；主句是疑问句时，句末用问号。
Can you tell me where the drugstore is? 你能告诉我药店在哪儿吗？He asked who could answer these questions. 他问谁能回答这些问题。
【典例精析】例1（2013 天津中考）—I don’t know ______.—Because he has to look after his mother.A. why he is leavingB. why is he leavingC. whether he is leavingD. whether is he leaving【点拨】A 考查宾语从句。
宾语从句中应使用陈述语序，由此可排除B、D两项；由答语“因为他不得不照顾他妈妈”可知，空格处问的是他为什么离开。
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句⼀、由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 你知道他们在等谁吗？I can't imagine why he did that thing．我不能想像他为什么做了那件事。
注意：（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故⽽在从句中它变成了陈述语序。
请看下列两组句⼦：How much does this coat cost? ——I want to know how much this coat costs．Where did you go yesterday? ——Please tell me where you went yesterday．（2）当疑问代词what，who在特殊疑问句中做主语时，该特殊疑问句本⾝就是陈述句语序，所以当该句⽤来做宾语时，语序不需要调整。
例如：What's wrong with you? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was wrong with her．What's the matter? 怎么了? ——He asked the girl what was the matter．What has happened to him? ——We want to know what has happened to him．⼩试⽜⼑：1. I said to her. Where did you go during the holiday?2.Mr.Ding asked . What did you do during the holiday?⼆、语从句的时态1．若主句为⼀般现在时或⼀般将来时，则从句的时态不限可视句⼦意义使⽤所需要的任何时态。
特殊疑问句作宾语从句
特殊疑问句作宾语从句特殊疑问句作宾语从句（一）连接词。
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时不需要再加连接词，疑问词就是连接词，并且不能省略。
e.g.I ask. What are you doing now?I ask what you are doing now?我问你现在在干什么？（二）词序。
用陈述句的词序，与一般疑问句变宾语从句时基本相同，为什么说基本相同呢？这是因为特殊疑问句有两种词序。
（1）疑问词＋一般疑问句。
①Do you know? Who does he often go there with?Do you know who he often goes there with ?你知道他经常和谁一起去那儿吗？②I don't know. Whom should you depend on?I don’t know whom you should depend o n.我不知道你该依靠谁。
③This book will show you. What do the best CEOs know?This book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁了解些什么。
④Have you determined? Which should you buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or Notorola cellphone? Have you determined which you should buy, a Nokia walkie-talkie or Motorola cellphone?你决定好买诺基亚的无线话机呢还是买摩托罗拉手机？⑤He didn't tell me. When will we meet again?He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再见面。
宾语从句详细讲解(整理)
宾语从句讲解在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句有“四看”：一看连接词；引导宾语从句的连接词有三类：例句：I don’t know if /whether you can help me.我不知道你是否能够帮我。
I don’t know whether or not they will come.=I don’t know whether they will come or not. 我不知道他们来不来。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about.(w hat在从句中作宾语)我想知道他正在写什么给我们。
We never know what he is.(what在从句中作表语)我们从不知道他是做什么的。
He can’t decide which sweater he should buy.(which在从句中作定语)他不确定他该买哪件衣服。
I will tell you why I asked you to come.(why在从句中作原因状语)我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
Could you tell me where Tom has gone?（where在从句中作地点状语）你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗？I want to know when you can finish the work.（when在从句中作时间状语）我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作。
二看时态：主从句时态要一致。
主句为现在时态，从句可用任何时态；主句若为过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
He said that he would help us.他说他会帮我们的。
I didn’t know what he had done.我不知道他干了什么事。
注意：若从句表达的是客观事实或真理，从句用现在时态。
I didn’t know that light travels faster than sound.我以前不知道光比声音传播得快。
疑问词引导的宾语从句
Can you tell me where I should go next =Can you tell me where to go next 练习：
I want to know why I should buy this book.变同义句 →I want to know why to buy this book.
Could you please tell me _w_he_re _to_ _b_uy_ some stamps 3.I don't think he will e here in an hour. 完成反意疑问句
I don't think he will e here in an hour,___ _w_il_l _he
•单选 1.Do you know _C_during the ing summer holiday A what will Tom do B what did Tom do
C what Tom will do D what Tom did
2.I want to know _B__. A what him happened to C he happened to what
4.The teacher asked the students__A__. A if they were interested in English B what they will do with the puters C when was Tom born D how many trees they haveim D how happened to him
宾语从句三注意
宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。
一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。
eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。
e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。
a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。
E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。
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特殊疑问句变宾语从句
五注意
集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
一、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。
如：
Whose bike is thisDoes anybody know→ Does anybody know whose bike this is
二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。
如：
When the train will arriveHe asked me．→ He asked me when the train would arrive．
三、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。
如：
Which one do you like bestShe askedme．→She asked me which one I liked best．
【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是?do／does?／did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。
如：
Who can answer the questionThe teacher asked．→The teacher asked who could answer the question．
五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。
如：
I don't know when we shall start tomorrow．
Do you know when we shall start tomorrow。