宾语从句三注意

宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

一、基本讲解1概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)2.连接词(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。

e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2)以whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。

a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或not 连用时，只用whether.eg, Please let me know what to do next.Could you tell me whether u go or not?c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。

3.宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。

例如：Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。

例如：I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.）注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。

例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4.、人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。

如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me.→He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me.→He asked me if I know her telephone number.b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。

主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。

如：Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives?二、宾语从句的转化1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。

如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths.→She agreed to help me with my maths.2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。

例如：I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。

如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。

如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.宾语从句专项习题巩固练习1.Have you decided ________for Australia?A. when will you leaveB. when do you leaveC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _________ ?A. where does Tom liveB. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me ________ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _______ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didn’t know _______ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder _________ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _________ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him ___.A. whose cup this isB. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cupD. whose is this cup9.I don’t know _________ .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .A. was I illB. have I been illC. I have been illD. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesn’t say _________.A. if it rains tomorrowB. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrow12.Do you know _________?A. whose pen is thisB. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong toD. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _________?A. the tape wasB. was the tapeC. the tape isD. is the tape14.They want to know _________?A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. when the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _________.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows ___ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. whenB. whetherC. whereD. if17.July didn’t know_________.A. where is Tim’s fatherB. when was the first watch mad eC. who the old man isD. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _________, so we need your help.A. how should we doB. what we should doC. what to doD. what should we do19.We don’t know _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to doC. what do itD. what to do20.He asked me _________.A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear ______? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say22. Can you tell me ________?A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class23. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me _______? --- Certainly.A. when can I get to the stationB. I can get to which stationC. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station24. Could you tell me where _______ yesterday?A. did you goB. you goC. you have goneD. you went25. Tom asked me ________.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26. Excuse me, could you tell me _______?A. where’s the teachers’ officeB. where’s the bus stationC. what’s she doingD. where the post office is27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don’t know _______.A. she lives whereB. she where livesC. where she livesD. where does she live28. --- Go and ask Mr. White for help. --- But I don’t know _______.A. where does he liveB. where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there29. --- Can you tell me ______? --- Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said30. Have you decided ______ for London?A. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you goingD. when you are going1.参考答案D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。