2015江苏高考英语阅读理解B句子成分分析
高考英语语法句子成分分析
高考英语语法句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。
句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。
1）主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。
如：Students study. (学生学习。
)We are friends.(我们是朋友)这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中做主语。
2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
如：Students study. (学生学习。
)We are friends. (我们是朋友)这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫做实意动词，are叫做be动词，它们在句中作谓语。
3）宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。
放在及物动词或者介词之后。
如：They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。
)I play with him. (我和他一起玩。
)这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是带词，它们在句中作宾语。
4）定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。
形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。
如：This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.)He is a tall boy.（他是个高个子男孩。
）这两句话中单词red和tall都是形容词，它们作定语。
５）状语是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分。
常由副词担任。
修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。
如：The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。
)I often write to him. (我常给他写信。
2015江苏高考英语阅读理解B句子成分分析
In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants 定语. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.Electronic devices contain valuable metals 定语such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods 定语represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, 主句the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways 定语which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.主语Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material 定语contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, thefactories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in. Many wastes 定语produced in the producing process are harmful as well.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in 宾语that “the production, distribution, and use of products — as well as management of the resulting waste — all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start —独立成分for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility 主语is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging 定语they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?Governments’ incentive 定语to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, 独立成分they ask, should cities or townsbe responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television定语?From the governments’ point of view, 主语a primary goal of laws 定语requiring extended producer responsibility is 表语to transfer both the costs and the physicalresponsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.58. By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that _________ .A. the weight of e-goods is rather smallB. E-waste deserves to be made good use ofC. natural minerals contain more precious metalsD. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste59. The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _________ .A. from producers to governmentsB. from governments to producersC. from individuals to distributorsD. from distributors to governments60. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The increase in e-waste.B. The creation of e-waste.C. The seriousness of e-waste.D. The management of e-waste.。
2015年高考英语句子成分及句子结构
句子成分一、句子成分句子成分：组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。
即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语和同位语。
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
表语、宾语、宾语补足语都是谓语的组成部分。
1、主语：是表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词、短语和从句等充当。
例如：Mr. Cheng is an English teacher.程先生是英语教师He teaches English in No. 5 Middle School. 他在五中教英语。
To be a good teacher is not easy. 要当一位好老师并不容易。
The accused was sentenced to death．被指控者被判处死刑。
Her beloved died in the war. 她敬爱的人死于战场。
What he said is reasonable. 他说的话有道理。
2、谓语：是说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。
谓语（谓语部分里的主要词）用动词。
谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两个方面必须保持一致。
例如：We love China. 我热爱中国。
Mr. Cheng hopes to be a good teacher.程先生希望当一位好教师。
3、表语：是说明主语是什么或者怎么样。
由名词、代词、数词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词、短语或从句等充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
例如：My father is a teacher. 我父亲是教师。
His work is to teach English . 他的工作是教英语。
Are you ready? 你准备好了吗？That’s what I should do. 这是我应该做的。
4、宾语：是表示动作行为的对象。
由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词或相当于名词的词、短语或从句等充当宾语，和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
2015江苏高考英语阅读理解C句子成分分析
Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It’s very likely 主语that you’ll want to have volunteers to help with the organization’s activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work主语.Let’s begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved定语. For example, people volunteer to express personal values 定语related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships宾语. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract定语.People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people’s wish of participation 状语from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it’s important to me”) to an external factor (e.g., “I volunteer because I’m required to do so”).When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to thispossibility when they make volunteer activities a must宾补.Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have conducted follow-up studies 定语in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors 定语that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering 定语they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given 状语to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on individual differences in the degree 定语to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people 定语for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree 定语to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospitalis an important part of who I am.”Consistent with the researcher s’ expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer定语. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an individual begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity.... Items like T-shirts 定语that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity”.61. People volunteer mainly out of ______.A. academic requirementsB. social expectationsC. financial rewardsD. internal needs62. What can we learn from the Florida study?A. Follow-up studies should last for one year.B.V olunteers should get mentally prepared.C. Strategy training is a must in research.D. V olunteers are provided with concrete advice.63. What is most likely to motivate volunteers to continue their work?A. Individual differences in role identity.B. Publicly identifiable volunteer T-shirts.C. Role identity as a volunteer.D. Practical advice fromresearchers.64. What is the best title of the passage?A. How to Get People to V olunteerB. How to Study V olunteer BehaviorsC. How to Keep Volunteers’ InterestD. How to Organize V olunteer Activities。
2015年江苏卷高考英语阅读题真题解析
2015年江苏卷高考英语阅读题真题解析文章正文徒具有着言之有物的内容，不仅需要观点清晰，逻辑严密，还要注重语言表达的流畅与美观。
下面是针对2015年江苏卷高考英语阅读题真题的详细解析。
解析1：阅读理解题目：（题号）Passage 1（正文）解析：这篇文章主要探讨了人类的环境责任，强调了减少碳排放的重要性。
通过解析文章的结构和内容，我们可以更好地理解作者的观点以及他所提供的支持论据。
首先，文章的第一段提出了一个问题，指出许多人对环境问题缺乏应有的关注。
接着，作者通过列举数据和统计数字的方式来证明温室气体的排放正在加剧全球变暖的问题，并指出这对人类社会和生态环境造成了巨大的影响。
在第二和第三段，作者进一步探讨了人类如何减少碳排放的问题。
他建议大规模改变能源结构，并采取更加环保和可持续性的能源形式。
此外，他还提到了节约能源的重要性，例如通过节约用水、用电等方式来减少碳排放。
最后，文章给出了一个呼吁，希望人们能够意识到自己对环境的责任，并采取行动来改变现状。
作者提醒我们，只有通过共同努力，我们才能保护地球，保护我们的家园。
综上所述，这篇文章采用了一个逐步展开的结构，通过列举事实和数据、提出解决方案以及呼吁行动的方式，来解释人类的环境责任以及减少碳排放的重要性。
解析2：完形填空题目：（题号）Passage 2（正文）解析：这篇文章是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个关于友谊和团结的故事。
通过解析文章的语言特点和情节发展，我们可以更好地理解故事的主旨和作者要传达的信息。
首先，文章的第一段引入了故事的背景和人物。
接着，在接下来的几段中，作者描绘了主人公们之间的友谊，并以一次意外的事故作为导火索，引发了剧情的转折点。
在故事的高潮部分，主人公们面临着困难和挑战。
然而，在关键时刻，他们团结一致，互相帮助，并为了共同的目标而努力奋斗。
最终，他们成功地克服了困难，并取得了胜利。
通过这个故事，作者试图传达的信息是：友谊和团结的力量是无穷的，在面对困难和挑战时，我们应该相互帮助，共同努力，才能战胜困难并取得成功。
解析2015江苏卷英语阅读理解题型及应试技巧
解析2015江苏卷英语阅读理解题型及应试技巧作者：吴涛来源：《中学课程辅导高考版·学生版》2015年第12期阅读，作为获取信息的主要手段，越来越受到人们的重视。
阅读理解在高考试卷中占30分，如果加上完形填空题20分，再加上任务型阅读10分，那就是60分，占了总分的一半。
国家课程标准中《英语课程标准》指出，高中英语教学应该着重培养学生以下几方面的能力：在人际交往中得体地使用英语的能力；用英语获取和处理信息的能力；用英语分析问题和解决问题的能力以及批判性思维能力。
由此可见培养学生英语阅读理解能力的必要性和重要性。
怎样提高阅读效率，如何进行成功的英语阅读，一直是师生们悉心关注的问题。
阅读理解是一个过程，在这一过程中，通过对文章的句法与语义的线索的研究，读者就能够了解作者的意思。
通过与作者相比较，读者可以很容易地印证他自己的知识与观点，他可以从作者那里获得新的信息和理念。
由于读者自己的知识、观点和情感与作者的知识、观点和情感相互作用，读者也许会产生新的见解，从而超越作者。
高考英语阅读理解题的考查主要从两个方面测试考生的理解能力：（1）主观理解，即通过阅读短文，对文中主旨、主题、中心思想和作者意图、态度及语篇逻辑关系等深层意义上的理解，并据此进行推理和判断。
（2）客观理解，即对所给材料中具体事实和细节的理解。
具体地说高考英语阅读理解题型往往从以下几方面进行设计：1. 细节理解题：细节理解题的考查每年高考中都有一定比例，一般难度较低，属于浅层理解题，得分率较高。
2015年江苏卷中考查该题型的共有7题，它们是57，59， 61，63，66，67和69。
应试技巧：此类题型的解题方法是：抓住提问的关键词，仔细阅读文章中的相关内容，一般在文章中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。
细节理解题询问的是作者说了什么，其答案在文中已明确被表述过。
因此，能在文中直接找到相关的细节。
有些阅读材料如新闻报道、故事、应用文体等在阅读时逐字逐句去理解，可先快速略读领会文章大意，再看题目，然后根据题目要求再扫读文章，获取相关信息。
英语句子成分划分口诀及例句
英语句子成分划分口诀及例句句子成分的名称及划分符号名称：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。
下面是英语句子成分划分口诀及例句，供参考。
高中英语阅读理解解题技巧高中英语怎么学高中英语作文范文10篇高考英语单词表3500英语句子成分顺口溜详解句子成分口诀：主谓宾定状补，句子成分要清楚。
句子主干主谓宾，枝叶部分定状补。
定语用在主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。
还有助词的地得，帮助区分定状补。
组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。
英语句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定1、主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。
he likes watching tv.他喜欢看电视。
2、谓语谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
一般可分为两类：1简单谓语由动词或短语动词构成。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
we study for the people.我们为人民学习。
2复合谓语：情态动词＋不定式 i can speak a little english.我可以说一点英语。
3、表语表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。
my sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。
4、宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。
we like english.我们喜欢英语。
有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
he gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。
如： we makehim our monitor.我们选他当班长。
点击查看：高考英语作文必背万能句子及模板5、定语在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
2015年全国各地高考英语试题长难句解读与分析
2015年高考英语试题中长难句翻译与解析1. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part--particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables--was a 7 a.m. a dventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. （全国I卷B篇）【译文】游泳，品酒以及欣赏粉红色的落日（一般在傍晚时分，而不是下午四点）把整个周末填的满满的，但精彩的部分也是让我最中意的是上午7点的萨拉索塔市农贸市场的一次历险，尤其是被数月寒天块根蔬菜弄得生活沉闷之后，这次探索之旅证明早起还是值得的。
【背景知识】Sarasota（萨拉索塔市）位于美国佛罗里达州的西南海岸线，濒临墨西哥湾，人口60余万，北邻海牛县，南靠夏洛特县，与两县共同构成佛罗里达州第七大市场和商业繁盛区。
萨市文化底蕴深厚，是世界著名的“马戏城”和“艺术都会”，因马戏而建城，演员剧团演出的百老汇歌剧蜚声全美。
最适宜人居之家园。
萨拉索塔市位于墨西哥湾海岸线，碧水围城，绿色遍地，四季常绿植物和灌木丛座拥这座海上城市，空气清新，气候冬暖夏凉。
高雅的芭蕾舞和百老汇歌剧给萨拉索塔市笼上了神秘的艺术色彩，装点着市民的休闲生活。
户外活动丰富多彩，高尔夫、游艇、划船、网球、滑水等应有尽有，萨市因此被誉为“探索者的天堂”。
在萨市参观，街道干净整洁，房屋多为别墅，间距合理，错落有致，整个城市风格铺展着一幅南美风情的特有画卷。
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In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants 定语. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.
Electronic devices contain valuable metals 定语such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods 定语represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, 主句the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways 定语which allow many poisonoussubstances to escape into the environment.
主语Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material 定
语contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-
phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in. Many wastes 定语produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in 宾语that “the production, distribution, and use of products — as well as management of the resulting waste — all result in greenhouse gas release.” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start —独立成分for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility 主语is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging 定语they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?
Governments’ incentive 定语to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, 独立成分they ask, should cities or towns
be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television定语?
From the governments’ poi nt of view, 主语a primary goal of laws 定语requiring extended producer responsibility is 表语to transfer both the costs and the physical
responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.
58. By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that _________ .
A. the weight of e-goods is rather small
B. E-waste deserves to be made good use of
C. natural minerals contain more precious metals
D. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
59. The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _________ .
A. from producers to governments
B. from governments to producers
C. from individuals to distributors
D. from distributors to governments
60. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The increase in e-waste.
B. The creation of e-waste.
C. The seriousness of e-waste.
D. The management of e-waste.。