初中英语从句总结
初中英语知识点总结定语从句

初中英语知识点总结定语从句1.定语从句用来修饰限定名词,一般放在被修饰名词之后。
2. 引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose, as等。
关系代词的用法:1. that:指代人或物,常用于非限定性定语从句。
e.g. The book that I bought is very interesting.2. which:指代物,用于非限定性定语从句和限定性定语从句。
e.g. The camera, which is very expensive, belongs to my friend.The camera which belongs to my friend is very expensive.3. who:指代人,用于限定性定语从句。
e.g. The girl who is playing basketball is my sister.4. whom:指代人,用于限定性定语从句,作为宾语时用。
e.g. The boy whom I met yesterday is from America.5. whose:指代人或物,表示所有关系,用于限定性定语从句。
e.g. The man whose car was stolen reported to the police.6. as:指代人或物,用于非限定性定语从句。
e.g. She bought a new dress, as I expected.注意事项:1.关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时,可以省略,但在宾语位置不能省略。
e.g. I know the boy who/that broke the window.The girl (who/whom/that/which) I met yesterday is my classmate.2. 关系代词在宾语位置时,如果是指人,可以用"whom"来代替"who"。
初中英语从句类型总结

初中英语从句类型总结从句是一个句子在句子中充当特定成分的句子。
它们可以在复合句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语。
学好英语从句是初中英语的重要内容,也是学生提高英语语言能力的关键。
下面是对常见的英语从句类型进行总结,以帮助初中学生更好地理解和运用。
一、名词性从句:名词性从句在句子中充当名词的成分,可以作主语、宾语、表语或补语。
1. 主语从句:主语从句作为主句的主语,一般以连词that引导,也可以以whether或if引导。
例句:Whether he will come to the party is still unknown.2. 主语从句的特殊情况:- 在it is/was + adj. + that从句这种结构中,that从句充当主语。
例句:It is important that we learn from our mistakes.- 有时从句的结构较长或复杂,为避免过多的that,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语是从句。
例句:It is said that he has won the first prize in the competition.3. 宾语从句:宾语从句作为及物动词的宾语,由连词that引导,也可以以whether 或 if引导。
例句:I don't know if he will come to the party.4. 表语从句:表语从句用来说明主语的身份、性质、状态等,由连词that引导。
例句:The fact that he was absent from the meeting surprised everyone.5. 同位语从句:同位语从句用来解释或说明一个名词或代词的具体内容,由连词that引导。
例句:The news that he has passed the exam excited his parents.二、形容词性从句:形容词性从句用来修饰名词或代词,由关系代词who、whom、whose、which或关系副词where、when、why、how引导。
初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点A、定语从句专项讲解与训练一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.先行词定语从句在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:先行词主格宾格所有格人 who whom whose物 which which whose of which人、物 that that —(一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the firstyear of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。
Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。
初中英语状语从句知识点总结

初中英语状语从句知识点总结状语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用来修饰或限定主句中的动作或状态。
以下是初中英语状语从句的知识点总结:1. 时间状语从句(Time clauses):用来表示动作发生的时间,常用的连词有when, while, before, after, until, as soon as等。
2. 地点状语从句(Place clauses):用来表示动作发生的地点,常用的连词有where, wherever等。
例如:I will go wherever you go.(无论你去哪儿我都会跟随。
)3. 原因状语从句(Cause clauses):用来表示动作发生的原因,常用的连词有because, since, as等。
4. 结果状语从句(Result clauses):用来表示动作的结果,常用的连词有so, such...that等。
例如:The movie was so interesting that I couldn't stop watching.(这部电影太有趣了,我看得停不下来。
)5. 条件状语从句(Condition clauses):用来表示动作发生的条件,常用的连词有if, unless, provided that等。
例如:If it rains, we will stay at home.(如果下雨,我们会呆在家里。
6. 目的状语从句(Purpose clauses):用来表示动作的目的,常用的连词有in order that, so that等。
例如:I bought a new notebook so that I can take notes in class.(我买了一个新笔记本,这样我可以在课堂上记笔记。
)7. 方式状语从句(Manner clauses):用来表示动作发生的方式,常用的连词有as, as if, as though等。
例如:He speaks as if he knows everything.(他说话的样子就像他什么都知道。
初中英语从句语法总结

初中英语从句汇总在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
以下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点定语从句:一、定语从句概念定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。
定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。
另外,定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。
定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先行词。
请看示例:The woman who lives next door is a teacher.1.先行词与关系词先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词、代词等,它总是出现在定语从句的前面。
关系词指用来引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词和关系副词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
1)关系代词2)关系副词1)判断哪一部分是先行词,先行词指人、物、时间还是原因The book which/that I left here just now is gone. 我刚才放在这里的书不见了。
(the book 是先行词,指物)I'll forever treasure the days which/that we spent on the seashore. 我将永远珍惜咱们在海滨一起度过的那些日子。
(the days, 指时间)2)确定关系词。
既要考虑先行词,又要考虑关系词在从句中充当的成分。
比较: I'll forever treasure the days which/that we spent on the seashore.我将永远珍惜咱们在海滨度过的那些日子。
(先行词是the days,指时间,在定语从句中作spent的宾语,因此选择关系代词which或that)I'll forever treasure the days when we played on the seashore.我将永远珍惜我们在海滨玩耍的那些日子。
初中英语知识点总结从句

初中英语知识点总结从句初中英语从句知识点总结一、从句的定义从句是指在一个句子中充当某一成分的句子。
它不能独立成句,需与其他句子部分连接使用。
根据其在句中的功能,从句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
二、名词性从句名词性从句在句子中的功能与名词相似,可以作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
根据其引导词的不同,名词性从句又可分为以下几类:1. 连接词that引导的名词性从句That通常不担任从句中的任何成分,只起连接作用。
例如:- What he wants is that we can help him.(他想要的是我们能帮助他。
)2. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which引导的名词性从句这些连接代词在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语。
例如:- Who will go to the party is not decided yet.(谁将去派对还没有决定。
)- The book which you lent me is lost.(你借给我的那本书丢了。
)3. 连接副词when, where, why, how引导的名词性从句连接副词在从句中作状语。
例如:- When the meeting will be held has been announced.(会议何时举行已经宣布了。
)- I don’t know why he is late.(我不知道他为什么迟到了。
)三、定语从句定语从句修饰名词或代词,通常紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why, how。
1. 以关系代词引导的定语从句- The man who/that is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
)- The book which/that you are reading is very interesting.(你正在读的那本书很有趣。
初中英语中考常考状语从句整理汇总(共9类)
中考英语常考状语从句1.时间状语从句When/while/as, since, as soon as, until/till, before, after,once, by the time, the minute/ the moment(一...就...), every/each time, whenever,...(1) When & while &as①When:表示“当...时”,后面跟时间点、时间段均可,因而从句的动词可以是非延续性动词(又叫短暂性动词)或延续性动词。
例如:He was watching TV when his mom came back.当他妈妈回来时,他正在看电视。
When his mom was cooking, he was watching TV.当他妈妈做饭的时候,他正在看电视。
②While:表示“当..时”,后面只能跟时间段,因而从句的动词也只能是延续性动词,且常为进行时态(现在进行时或过去进行时)。
例如:While his mom was cooking, he was watching TV.当他妈妈做饭的时候,他正在看电视。
③as:表示“一边...一边...”【注意】与while区分:当一个人同时进行两个动作时(即主从句的主语是同一个人时),只能用as。
还可表示“随着...”。
例如:Tom sings as he works. Tom一边唱歌一边工作。
As time went by, I learned how to be strong.随着时间的流逝,我学会了如何变得坚强。
(2) until & till (介词/连词)until:表示“直到...”,表示某个动作或状态一直持续到...为止。
例如:They waited until/till their mom came back.他们一直等到妈妈回来。
(主句谓语动词为延续性动词)“not...until”表示“直到...才”。
初中英语从句知识点总结
初中英语从句知识点总结初中英语从句知识点总结初中英语从句知识点总结1从句分为定语从句,状语从句和名词从句三大类。
定语从句又分为限定性和非限定性从句两种,由关系代词或关系副词引导,修饰主句的某个成分。
状语从句分为时间、结果、让步、原因、条件及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句及there be句型。
1.定语从句限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事,而which只代表事;二者在从句中作主语或宾语。
that作宾语时常可省略,which则不能,而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。
which作宾语时,先行词与which之间的介词不能省。
例如:1.The first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830.2.The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part,during which he sailed round the Cape Horn.代表a11,anything,something,nothing,much等词时,用that而不用which,that作宾语可省略。
例如:1.I care anything that has something to do with it.2.You'd better do something he prefers to do to please him.3.That is the last time we met each other.4.I came across the woman you told me about yesterday.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句的主语和宾语。
where是关系副词,用于表示地点的定语从句,而when用来表示时间。
whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语。
初中英语从句总结
初中英语从句总结从句是由一个或多个词组成的句子,在整个句子中充当一个特定的语法角色。
从句可以分为几个不同的类型,如名词从句、形容词从句、副词从句等。
在本次总结中,我将讨论每种从句的定义、特征和例子。
首先,让我们来看看名词从句。
名词从句可以在句子中充当名词的角色。
它可以作为主语、宾语、表语或介词宾语。
通常以从属连词引导,如that、whether、when、where、why等。
例如:1. 主语从句:What she said is true.(她说的是真的。
)2. 宾语从句:I know that she is coming.(我知道她要来。
)3. 表语从句:The fact is that he is lazy.(事实是他很懒。
)4. 介词宾语从句:I am thinking about how I should solve this problem.(我在考虑该如何解决这个问题。
)接下来,我们来看看形容词从句。
形容词从句用于描述或修饰一个名词或代词。
它通常以关系代词或关系副词引导。
例如:1. 关系代词引导的形容词从句:The book that he is reading is very interesting.(他正在读的那本书很有趣。
)2. 关系副词引导的形容词从句:I remember the day when I first met you.(我记得我们第一次见面的那天。
)最后,让我们来讨论副词从句。
副词从句用于在句子中充当副词的角色,用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
它可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、方式等。
例如:1. 时间副词从句:I will call you when I finish my homework.(我做完作业后会给你打电话。
)2. 地点副词从句:I will meet you where we first met.(我们第一次见面的地方我会去见你。
)3. 原因副词从句:I am tired because I stayed up late last night.(昨晚我熬夜所以现在很累。
初中英语三大从句 总结
一. 宾语从句object clause:一. 定义definition:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二. 连接词connections:that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”: I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三. 时态tenses:1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.二. 定语从句Attributive clause:1.定义:在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句2.先行词指人who /that先行词指物which/ that3. 定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后4.关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词5.翻译方法“…. 的”Eg.1. Yesterday we bought a book which is really hard to understand.2. The students who are from Maple Leaf School like learning English.Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1.This is the teacher whom\who we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.三. 状语从句:Adverbial clauses定义:在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
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初中英语从句总结9月12日一、定语从句1、定语从句的概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
例如:You said you couldn’t understand people who talked fast.2、关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等,绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why,how 等。
关系词常有3个作用:①连接作用,引导定语从句。
②代替主句中的先行词,甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。
③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。
3、关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
(1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that 既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。
在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(2)Whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换,指人的时候也可以用of whom 代替)They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose color (the color of which) is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
The man whose son is a doctor is our professor.那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
(3)which,that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如:(1)Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语)二、状语从句1、状语从句的概念:在复合句中,修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫做状语从句。
根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。
2、时间状语从句常用引导词:when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when 例如:I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园), the moment they saw the guard. No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain.3、地点状语从句常用引导词:where特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere例如:Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard.地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导,已经形成了固定的句型,例如:句型:Where+地点从句,(there)+主句。
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”;主句在从句后面时,there可用可不用;如果主句在从句的前面时,一般都不用there。
例如:Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方,耕作是困难的,或根本不可能的。
4、原因状语从句常用引导词:because, since, as, for特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that例如:My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.5、目的状语从句常用引导词:so that, in order that特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that例如:The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.6、结果状语从句常用引导词:so … that, such … that特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such adegree that例如:He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.7、条件状语从句常用引导词:if, unless特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that例如:We’ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.8、让步状语从句常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while ( 一般用在句首),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can’t agr ee to his proposal.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.9、比较状语从句常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)特殊引导词:the more … the more … ; just as …,so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B例如:She is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.9、方式状语从句常用引导词:as, as if, how特殊引导词:the way例如:When in Rome, do as the Roman do.入乡随俗。
三、宾语从句1、宾语从句,在复合句中作宾语,位于及物动词后。
例如:Tell him which class you are in .2、主、从句时态主句谓语过去时,从句相应过去时;He answered that he was listening to me.主句谓语现在时,从句时态任所需;He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.They know (that) he is working hard.具体过去永不变,真理格言现在时;He told me that he was born in 1980.Father told me that practice makes perfect .3、否定前移,及完成反意问句在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致。
(注: 否定前移的条件是,主句主语是第一人称)I don't think you are right ,are you ?I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?4、运用虚拟语气的情况在表示:建议suggest 、advise、propose;要求demand 、desire、request;决定decide;命令order、command、require;坚决主张insist;等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)I suggested that you(should)study hard.He ordered that we should go out at once.5、宾语从句后置情况如果宾语从句后有宾语补语,用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句后置You may think it strange that he would live there.6、宾从中that不可省略的情况宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略A.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略第一个that,其他不能省略。