新视野大学英语第三版2读写教程Unit 2 单词汇总
Unit2(新视野大学英语-第3版-读写教程-第2册-Unit2-SectionA)

5.There is a real need to ______ academic achievement in schools and help with the development of a student’s overall character. A. boast B. frame C. boost D. confine
15. Nature has ______ these animals ______ a capacity for not showing fear. A. imbued….with B. installed….with C. invested…with D. paid….with
16. During the weeks of discussion, delegations from groups who are interested in the resolution may call on representatives to __________ their point of view. A. rise up to B. come up with C. stand up for D. stand out
12. Some reform advocates ignore the impact of class size on student achievement, and they are _____ what they call as a priority: teacher effectiveness. A. in opposition to B. in reliance with C. in favor of D. in partnership with
新视野大学英语读写教程2(第三版)第二单元练习答案

新视野大学英语读写教程2(第三版)第二单元练习答案Unit 2Section A3 1 promotes 2 accelerate 3 mystery4 insight5 boost6 analysis7 calculate8 barriers9 destruction 10 prospect 4 –ing promising bearing housing-ive objective offend exclude excess execute -ify intensify identify5 1 excess 2 bearing 3 objective 4 intensify 5 execute6 promising7 exclude8 identity 9offend 10 housing6 1 C 2 H 3 D 4 J 5 B 6 L7 M8 G9 F 10 A7 1 are liable to 2 in favor of 3 is bound to 4 speculate about 5 invested…with6 stand up for7 in the form of8 prepared for9 in the company of 10 in succession 9 慕课是一种网络课程,它旨在通过网络实现广泛参与和开放接入。
慕课是远程教育迈出的最新一步,现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。
通过这些课程,大学可以扩大影响的范围,从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生,扩展到惠及全球上百万的学生。
除了拥有传统的课程资源,慕课还给使用者特供互动论坛,支持学生和讲师之间的交流。
慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流,使得多种观点、知识和技能涌现到课堂上来;它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程,甚至是尝试新的教育方式;它提供多种学习课程资料的方式,鼓励多模式学习,以各种学习风格满足学习者的需求;另外,慕课促进教学的改善,使技术在面对面授课中得以更好地应用。
新视野大学英语第三版第二册unit2课文重点句子解析+词汇解析教案资料

新视野⼤学英语第三版第⼆册unit2课⽂重点句⼦解析+词汇解析教案资料新视野⼤学英语第三版第⼆册u n i t2课⽂重点句⼦解析+词汇解析Unit 2Words and Expressions1 When the going gets tough, the tough take accounting. (Para. 1)Meaning: When conditions or situations become difficult, determined people choose to study the subject of accounting, hoping they can more easily find a job in the future. ★when the going gets tough: when the situation becomes difficult 当形势变得严峻时e.g. When the going gets tough, women can get as tough as men. 当形势变得严峻时,⼥⼈可以变得跟男⼈⼀样坚强。
★accounting: n. [U] the work of accountants or the methods they use 会计;会计学e.g. Students’ major objective is to be financially well off. Accordingly, today the mostpopular course is not literature or history but accounting.学⽣的主要⽬的是在经济上富裕。
因此,当今最流⾏的课程不是⽂学或历史,⽽是会计。
★take accounting: choose to study the subject of accounting 选择学会计2 When the job market worsens, many students calculate they can’t major in English or history. (Para. 1)Meaning: When there are fewer job openings, many college students make a judgment from the situation and think they can’t study English or history as their major.Meaning beyond words: Many students will not take the classes that won’t help them locate a decent job later.★major in: (AmE) study sth. as your main subject at college or university 主修(某⼀)科⽬e.g. The high demand for persons with knowledge about computers is why I chose tomajor in computer science at the university.对具有电脑知识⼈才的⾼需求是我选择在⼤学主修计算机科学的原因。
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程2 UNIT2重点

18.是...的 绊脚石
be a barrier to
19.显得愤世嫉俗
20.(不想)费心、麻 烦做某事
21.值得进行大笔投资
to appear cynical (not)bother to do sth. be worth the very large investment
Language points—Useful expressions
8. 越来越被看成是...而 不是
9. 劳动力市场不景气
Sth. is/are more and more seen as … rather than …
labor markets struggle
10.人文学科
the humanities
的方式 38. 支持,赞同
39. 获得诺贝尔…奖
40. 可以列举一长串
41. 很明显,不难看出
to create a spectacular brand
invest us with… in a positive and constructive manner in favor of win a Nobel Prize for make a long list
have a huge advantage have a bright career
write a clear and elegant analysis information economy
Language points—Useful expressions
35. 创出一个非常棒的 品牌
36. 赋予我们以… 37. 以积极的、建设性
in the form of
form the basis of
Language points—Useful expressions
新视野大学英语第三版2第二单元单词

For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life--出自-2010年12月阅读原文
Politicians who thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for those who could not afford it?--出自-2013年6月阅读原文
In those where ties to family and community are strong, lifelong marriages can be promoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seen as a contract between two families, not just two individuals--出自-2013年6月阅读原文
Perhaps if we analyze the creative process carefully, we might get some insight into what it is and how it might work in our lives.--出自-2012年6月听力原文
His profound insight about consumers' needs in general.--出自-2012年12月阅读原文
新视野大学英语读写教程2单词

新视野大学英语读写教程2单词. Unit 11. policy 政策2. maintenance 维护,保养3. restriction 限制,约束4. considerate 体贴的,考虑周到的5. misfortune 不幸,灾祸6. recycle 回收利用7. enormous 巨大的,庞大的8. charity 慈善机构9. shelter 庇护所,遮蔽处10. municipality 市政当局11. responsible 负责的,有责任的12. prosperity 繁荣,兴旺13. attraction 吸引力,引人入胜的事物14. industrialization 工业化15. conservative 保守的,守旧的Unit 21. emotion 感情,情感2. optimism 乐观主义,乐观情绪3. admiration 钦佩,赞美4. frustration 挫折,失意5. sympathy 同情,同情心6. passion 热情,激情7. satisfaction 满足,满意8. loneliness 孤独,寂寞9. disappointment 失望,沮丧10. envy 嫉妒,羡慕11. hatred 憎恨,厌恶12. love 爱,热爱13. nostalgia 怀旧之情,怀旧感14. despair 绝望,失望15. excitement 兴奋,激动Unit 31. comfortable 舒适的,舒服的2. independence 独立,自主3. figure 数字,数量;人物,身体条件4. meaningful 有意义的,富有意义的5. element 元素,成分6. appropriate 适合的,恰当的7. biological 生物学的,生物的8. regional 地区的,地域性的9. hardly 几乎不,几乎没有10. harmful 有害的,有毒的11. psychological 心理学的,心理的12. social 社会的,社交的13. obviously 明显地,显然地14. violent 暴力的,猛烈的15. functional 机能的,功能的Unit 41. achievement 成就,功绩2. available 可获得的,可找到的3. contact 联系,接触4. efficiency 效率,效能5. flexibility 灵活性,弹性6. hesitate 犹豫,迟疑7. likelihood 可能性,可能8. persuade 说服,劝说9. productive 富有成果的,多产的10. reputation 名声,声誉11. resistance 反抗,抵制12. schedule 日程安排,时间表13. strategy 战略,策略14. transform 转变,改变15. ultimately 最终,最后。
新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册单词表

第二册UNIT1 Atediousa.冗长乏味的obligevt.迫使;使负有义务absorbeda.极感兴趣的;全神贯注的;专注的allergica.1不喜欢某事;对某事反感;2过敏的excursionn.短途出行;远足earnesta.非常认真的;郑重其事的exclaimv.(由于惊奇、气愤或激动)呼喊,惊叫whoainterj.哎呀,哇(表示惊讶或认为某事物令人赞叹)civilizationn.文明(社会)architecturen.1建筑风格;建筑式样;2建筑学capturevt.1(用文字或图片)记录下,描述,捕捉;2俘虏;逮捕condensevt.将(讲话或文章)压缩condenseda.压缩的exceedvt.超过;超出distressn.忧虑;苦恼;悲伤distinguishv.区分;辨别distinctivea.与众不同的;特殊的;特别的complimentary a.1免费赠送的;2赞美的;钦佩的complementarya.互为补充的;互补的bulkn.(某物的)大部分,多半criticismn.批评;批判;指责deficitn.1(素质、技能或能力的)缺乏,不足;2赤字;亏损;逆差dumba.愚蠢的groceryn.1超级市场;2食品杂货stationarya.不(移)动的;静止的stationeryn.文具padn.1便笺本;拍纸簿;2垫;衬垫;护垫albumn.(收存照片、邮票等的)簿,册proclaimvt.宣称;宣布;声明scandaln.1(尤指当局本应改变的)令人震惊的事,引起愤慨的事;2(尤指牵涉知名人士的)丑闻,丑事thrustv.猛推;猛塞proficiencyn.熟练;精通moreoverad.而且;再者;此外evidentlyad.明显地;显然exposuren.1接触;体验;2暴露adequatea.足够的;充分的;合乎需要的adequatelyad.足够地;充分地competenta.合格的;能干的jerkn.猛的一动;猝然一动jerkya.(在行进中)不平稳的,颠簸的functionn.(事物的)功能,作用;(某人的)职责vi.正常工作;正常运转spann.(两个日期或事件之间的)时距,期间scratchn.1从零开始;从头开始;白手起家;2(物件或皮肤上的)刮痕,划痕tunevt.1调整,调节(发动机)使达到最佳状态;2为(乐器)调音,定弦adjustv.调整;调节vi.适应destinationn.目的地;终点precisea.精确的;准确的beneficiala.有利的;有帮助的;有用的assetn.1有利条件;长处;2资产;财产soura.酸的subjunctivea.(语法中的)虚拟语气的n.(语法中的)虚拟语气be/feel obliged to do sth.(因形势、法律、义务等关系而)非做不可,迫使get/be serious about对…是认真的;并非开玩笑的run into sb.偶然遇见某人fresh from刚从…来的;刚有…经历的distinguish between区分;辨别nail sth.down1钉;将某物钉牢2最终确定;对某事作出定论thrust sth.upon sb.迫使某人做某事;迫使某人接受某事get/feel/be lost迷惘;困惑;不知所措become/be attracted to sth.对某事/物产生兴趣out of curiosity出于好奇look upon sb./sth.as把某人/某物看作be equipped with sth.以…为装备;配备…swell with pride/anger,etc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等UNIT 1 Bactivistn.活动家;积极分子mysteriousa.神秘的;难以解释的mysteriously ad.神秘地;难以解释地assassinatevt.暗杀;行刺autobiographyn.自传householdn.家庭;一家人mainstreama.主流的n.主流specificallyad.1特定地;具体地;专门地;2详尽地;明确地inadequatea.(对某一特定目的而言)不够好的,不足的,不强的sketchv.1概述;简述;2(给…画)速写;(给…画)素描n.概略;大要rallyn.大型公众集会(尤指支持某政治观点、抗议等在户外举行的集会)functionala.正常运转的bidn.1(为争取某物而作出的)努力;2(尤指拍卖的)出价desperatea.1(由于处在绝境而)不惜冒险的,拼命的,绝望的;2非常需要的;极其需要的devisevt.想出;设计;发明schemen.(为取得某项成功而制定的)计划cluen.(帮助理解和找到答案的)线索questn.(长期的)探索,追求appealvi.恳请;恳求;呼吁skimv.浏览,略读(以找出主要信息)negotiatev.1(成功地)解决,处理,克服;2(尤指在商业或政治上)谈判,协商formatn.设计;安排;组织方式moista.潮润的;微湿的;湿润的moisturen.水分;水汽;湿气advisablea.可取的;适当的;明智的advisorya.顾问的;咨询的crudea.1粗制的;粗糙的;2未经提炼的;未经加工的;天然的quotationn.引语;引文quotation markn.引号recallv.回想;回忆起logvt.正式记录(事件、事实等)v.伐木;砍伐repetitionn.重复literacyn.有读写能力;有文化depictvt.描写;描述;描绘acquisitionn.(知识、技能的)获得,习得marvelousa.极好的;绝妙的;了不起的successivea.连续的;连接的;相继的confusionn.困惑;混乱diminishv.(使)减少;(使)变小concentrationn.集中精力;专心;专注fluenta.(语言或文字)流畅熟练的fluentlyad.(语言或文字)流畅熟练地povertyn.贫穷;贫困ignorancen.无知;愚昧horizonn.1(思想、知识以及经验的)范围,界限;眼界;2地平线expandv.(使)扩大;(使)增加apply to适用;适宜in a bid to do sth.为争取某物而努力end up(with)(尤指经历一系列意料之外的事情)最终处于…speak of提到;提及launch sb.on sth.使某人开始进行某事get hold of sth.找(借)来某物appeal to sb.for sth.请求某人提供某物focus on给予…特别的关注leave…behind(永久地)离开,脱离与…的联系UNIT 2 Aaccountingn.会计;会计学calculatevt.1估计;预测;推测;2计算;核算boostvt.促进;推动;使兴旺prospectn.可能的事情;很可能发生的事情;前景defectvi.背叛;叛逃n.缺点;欠缺;不足之处applieda.(学科)应用的,实用的bet(bet,bet)vt.肯定persistvi.1继续存在;持续;2坚持;执意acceleratev.(使)加快;促进successionn.一连串,一系列(同类型的人或物)liberala.1文科;2心胸宽广的;开明的logicala.合乎逻辑的;合理的bounda.一定的;几乎肯定的dominanta.有优势的;占统治地位的pillarn.1(信仰或思想)非常重要的部分;2柱子;支柱vivida.清晰的;生动的compelvt.强迫;迫使compellinga.有强烈吸引力的;引人入胜的promotevt.支持;鼓励;提倡speculatev.思索;沉思;推测;猜测mysteryn.不可思议的事物;无法解释的事物;谜destructionn.毁灭;摧毁;破坏self-destructionn.自残;自毁unconsciousa.潜意识的;下意识的;无意识的destructivea.破坏性的;毁灭性的architectn.建筑师philosophern.哲学家;哲人landscapen.1风景照;风景画;2(陆上的)风景,景致,景色fertilea.1富有成果的;富有想象力的;2(土地)肥沃的,富饶的eleganta.1(想法或计划)巧妙的,简洁的;2优美的;高雅的analysisn.分析spectaculara.引人入胜的;非常壮观的brandn.品牌;商标investv.投资insightn.1洞察力;领悟力;2顿悟;洞悉;见解therebyad.因此;从而;借此scopen.(活动、机构或学术)范围undertakevt.承担;着手做candidaten.候选人breakthroughn.突破;重大发现;重大成就barriern.障碍liablea.可能(易于)做某事的establishment n.建立;创立;设立deann.院长;系主任;教务长solea.唯一的;仅有的solelyad.只;唯一地;仅仅reservoirn.1积蓄;储备;2(人造的)水库;(天然)蓄水湖outstandinga.杰出的;出众的;显著的major in主修(某一)科目in succession连续发生地;接连发生地stand up for支持;保卫;维护speculate about/on猜测;推测capture one’s imagination引起某人的想象;吸引某人的注意in the form of以…形式;以…方式a/the body of sth.大量的某物invest sb./sth.with sth.赋予(某人或某物)以(某种性质)in a...manner以…方式;以…方法in favor of支持;赞同prepare...for...使…做好准备(应对未来)in the company of和某人在一起UNIT 2 Bconsensusn.一致同意shrink(shrank,shrunk)vi.(数量、价值、范围)减少,下降,缩小v.(使)收缩;(使)缩小revisevt.1改变(观点、判断);2修订;订正;校订reformvt.改革;革新;改进n.改革;革新;改进realistica.实际的;现实可行的criticn.1批评者;2(书、电影、戏剧等的)评论家,评论员surveyn.调查upsiden.(不良局面中)好的方面upside downad.颠倒地;倒置地confirmvt.证实faten.命运;(尤指)厄运quivervi.颤抖;发抖motiven.(尤指隐藏的)动机,原因,目的sufficienta.足够的;充足的presumablyad.可能;大概;也许acknowledgevt.1承认;2(公开)感谢enrollv.招(生);吸收(成员);注册(学习)bachelorn.未婚男子;单身汉bachelor’s degreen.学士学位dilemman.(必须做出困难决定的)窘境,困境accumulatevt.积累;积聚vi.堆积;聚积ration.比例;比率inflationn.通货膨胀accord vt.1给予(关照或其他待遇);2与…一致;与…相符likewisead.同样地;照样地curriculumn.(某个学校的)课程primea.首要的;最重要的urbana.城镇的;城市的;发生在城市的agentn.代理人;代理商carpentern.木匠;木工mechanicn.机修工;技工cablen.电缆installvt.安装;设置installern.安装工gloomya.沮丧的;悲观的cynicala.1愤世嫉俗的;冷嘲热讽的;2悲观的breadthn.广泛性;广度breedn.(人或物的)种类,类型saken.目的literallyad.确实地;真正地;不加夸张地botherv.1费心;麻烦;2(使)担心;(使)生气;(使)苦恼vt.打扰;烦扰recruitv.招聘;吸收,招收(新成员)orientvt.重视;着重;以…为目的orienteda.重视…的;着重…的evaluatevt.评价;评估equationn.(涉及平衡的)影响因素,综合体proposaln.(尤指某团体必须考虑的正式)计划,建议,议案investmentn.投资;投入的资本compel sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事be stacked against情况对…不利in addition另外;加之be available to可获得;可利用expose sb.to sth.让某人接触某事(物);让某人体验某事(物)describe sb./sth.as把…说成;把…称为have sth.(much/little/nothing)to do with sb./sth.与某人/某事物有关;与某人/某事物有联系for its own sake只是为了…本身;没有别的原因(not)bother to do sth.(不想)费心,麻烦做某事UNIT 3 Aodysseyn.1对人生有教益的一连串经历;艰难历程;2漫长的历险旅程phasen.阶段;时期labelvt.贴标签于;用标签标明parallelvt.1与…相当或相似;2与…平行adolescencen.青春期peculiara.1为某人/某地/某事物所特有的;2奇怪的;异常的acquaintvt.介绍;使认识;使了解previousa.以前的;先前的inductionn.就职;入门;就职仪式sensiblea.合理的;切合实际的;明智的equivalenta.等值的;同等的;相当的n.等价物;等同物;对应物so-calleda.如此称呼的;号称的radicala.1(改变或方式)彻底的,根本的;2激进的;前卫的agendan.日常工作事项quitv.离开(工作岗位、学校等);离任;离校shiftv.(使)移动;(使)转移(地点或位置)n.(想法、做法等的)改变priora.先前的;之前的;事先的framevt.(小心措辞以)表达n.框架;边框spousen.配偶stabilityn.稳固;稳定statica.不动的;不变化的;不发展的;静(止)的proportionn.部分;份额saddlev.给(马)装鞍具;装上马鞍n.马鞍;(自行车、摩托车等的)车座heirn.继承人rebeln.造反者;反叛者vi.造反;反抗(权威或常规)rebelliousa.叛逆的;反叛的;反抗的resentvt.对…感到愤恨(不满)fluida.不固定的;易变的n.液(体)resortvi.采取,诉诸(不好的事物)n.度假胜地distractvt.分散,转移(注意力)allowancen.1体谅;原谅;2定期补贴;津贴transitionn.过渡;转变;变迁predictvt.预言;预料;预测guidelinen.指导方针;指导原则versionn.1版本;改编形式;2(根据个人的观点对事件的)描述,说法statusn.社会地位(尤指与其他人相比)stablea.稳定的;不变的boomvi.(国家、地区或行业)繁荣,迅速发展apartad.(空间、时间方面)成距离,相间隔a.分离的;分隔的implicitva.暗含其中的;不明言的consideringprep.&conj.考虑到;鉴于contemporarya.当代的witnessvt.1是发生(某事件)的时间或地点;2目击,亲眼看见(尤指罪行或事故发生)deceivevt.欺骗outsetn.从开头时;从一开始résumén.个人简历up-to-datea.包含最新信息的reinforcevt.加强,强化(观点、思想或感觉)acquaint oneself with sth.使自己了解某事;使自己知悉某事prior to sth.在某事之前;先于某事base upon/on以…为基础;以…为根据saddle sb.with sth.使某人承担苦差事;使某人负重担keep a distance from保持距离run away from(尤指)秘密地逃跑,出逃get away from摆脱(困难或不愉快的事,或某种限制)distract sb.from sth.分散(某人的)注意力;使(某人)分心give way to被…取代apart from除…之外;此外have an effect on对…产生作用deceive sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事back off放弃;退出wonder at对…感到惊讶UNIT 3 Bexilen.流放,放逐,流亡(通常指因政治原因)vt.(尤指因政治原因而)迫使(某人)流亡国外hesitatevi.犹豫;踌躇;迟疑feasiblea.可行的;可能的coden.1准则;规范;行为规则;2密码;代码;代号hollowa.1无意义的;虚有其表的;2空的;中空的;空心的miserablea.苦恼的;痛苦的;难受的volcanon.火山eruptvi.1(火山)爆发,喷发;2(搏斗、暴力事件、噪音等)突然发生,爆发snapvi.突然发怒;突然崩溃seriesn.系列;连续发生的一组类似事件manuala.手工的;体力的banquetn.宴会;盛宴maintenancen.(建筑物、机器或设备的)维修,养护,保养dairyn.牛奶场;乳品厂deckn.甲板commerciala.商业的;商务的affirm vt.确认;证实;断言…属实refinevt.1(逐渐地、微小地)改进,完善;2净化;提炼refineda.1优雅的;有教养的;2精炼的;精制的coarsea.1粗俗的;粗鲁的;2粗的;粗糙的organica.不使用化肥(农药)生产的;有机的;绿色的demonstratevt.1说明;证明;证实;论证;2示范;演示porchn.(房屋前后的)游廊,走廊resignv.1使自己顺从于(做某事);安于(无法改变的不愉快状况);2辞(职);放弃(工作或职位)overnightad.夜里;在夜间restlessa.焦躁不安的;不耐烦的rousevt.1激励,使振奋(尤指对方很疲倦或不愿意做某事时);2唤醒deputyn.1(美国)县治安官助理;2代理人;副手;副职somehowad.1由于某种不明原因;不知为什么;2用某种方法;不知怎么地integrityn.耿直;正直诚实cargon.(船、飞机或卡车装载的)货物trailv.拖;拉;拖在后面trailern.拖车;挂车air-conditioningn.空调系统somewhatad.有点儿;有几分soakv.(使)湿透;浸湿driftvi.(慢慢地)漂移,漂流refreshvt.使恢复精力;使提神;使清凉refresheda.精神振作的;精力恢复的alerta.警惕的;警觉的torturen.(身心所受的)折磨,煎熬vt.拷打;拷问;对…施酷刑逼供surrenderv.投降fairyn.仙子;小精灵fairy talen.童话;神话;神仙故事canen.(用来制作家具、篮子的)藤条statuen.雕像;塑像fall into(尤指突然)陷入(某种心境)be tired of对(做)某事感到厌烦be strict with sb.对(某人)严格;对(某人)严厉not amount to much/anything/ a great deal不太重要;没什么了不起bond with sb.(与某人)培养一种亲密或紧密的关系drift off慢慢入睡can’t bear to do sth.接受不了做某事surrender oneself to sth.听任某事摆布;屈服于某事UNIT 4 Aclassica.经典的romancen.1爱情故事;2爱情;恋爱cutea.漂亮的;可爱的gazevi.(常指无意识地)凝视,盯着看weirda.古怪的;奇异的cautiousa.小心的;谨慎的;慎重的dynamica.1精力充沛的;有创新思想的;志在成功的;2不断移动的;不断变化的charmvt.迷住;吸引n.魅力;魔力;吸引力;可爱之处temptvt.怂恿;利诱temptinga.诱人的;吸引人的reputationn.名誉;名望superiora.更好的;更强的;更有效的semestern.(尤指美国中学和大学的)一学期,半学年stalea.1不再有趣的;没有新意的;乏味的;2不新鲜的componentn.机器、系统等的零件;成分;组成部分ambitiousa.有抱负的;有雄心大志的;野心勃勃的sexuala.性的;与性(生活)有关的superba.极好的;出色的;卓越的immunea.1不受影响的;2免疫的;有免疫力的consequentlyad.结果;因此;所以disgustn.厌恶;气愤;反感proceedvi.1继续进行;继续做;2(向某一方向)前进,移动lodgevt.正式提出(投诉、要求等)v.(通过付住宿费)借住;(为某人)提供住宿behalfn.代表某人approvevt.批准;认可vi.赞许;赞成;同意grantvt.给予;准予n.(尤指政府发给的)补助金,拨款coordinatevt.调节;协调coren.最重要(或最基本)的部分;核心deservevt.1应得,应受到(奖赏或惩罚);2(建议、观点或计划)值得考虑、注意等libertyn.1擅自的行为;冒犯的举动;放肆的行为;2自由;自由权displayvt.显示,显露(某种情感、态度或特质)n.展览;陈列;展示disapprovevi.不赞同;反对palmn.棕榈树weavev.1编造(故事等);2织;编织blurn.模糊的记忆;记不清的事情v.(使)模糊;(使)看不清kneelvi.跪着;跪下proposev.(尤指正式向某人)求婚vt.提议;建议confessv.承认(使自己尴尬的事情)knotn.1(线、绳、布等打成的)结;2(恐惧、愤怒等导致的)紧张(感)pessimistica.悲观的;悲观主义的faithfula.(对某人、信念、政党等)忠诚的,忠实的honeymoonn.蜜月commencev.开始;着手bloomvi.开花;(花)盛开head for(朝…)前进;(向…)去gaze at(常指无意识地)凝视,盯着看stare at凝视;盯着看by accident偶然;意外地pretend to do sth.假装…;装作…come over sb.(某种感情)突然攫住,突然影响immune to不受…影响的;对…有免疫力的go along with sb./sth.同意;支持expel sb.from sth.(从学校或组织中正式)开除proceed to sth.进而做(参加)某事(活动)take the liberty of doing sth.擅自做某事take sb.by surprise出乎某人意料propose marriage 求婚be filled with充满;装满tie the knot结婚be pessimistic about 对…持悲观看法(意见)UNIT 4 Bindifferenta.不关心的;不在乎的impulsen.冲动;突然的欲望inclinevi.有意做;倾向于inclineda.有…意向的;倾向于…的daringa.勇敢的;大胆的notionn.概念;观点;看法abnormala.不正常的;反常的;变态的initiativen.1主动权;2自主决断能力;主动性contactn.联系;联络;交往vt.(写信或打电话)联系(某人)sparkn.1生气;活力;2火花;火星reckonvt.1认为;以为;2估算;估计idlea.1不工作的;空闲的;2不认真的;漫无目的的phenomenonn.现象approvaln.1赞成;赞许;2批准;核准;认可leisuren.空闲;闲暇;业余时间occasionn.1特殊(或重大)场合;特殊(或重大)事件;2(某事发生的)时刻,时候,时节bonusn.1意外收获;额外的好处;2奖金;红利forgevt.1形成,缔结(尤指与其他人、团队或国家形成牢固的关系);2伪造,假冒(尤指文书、笔记等)bunchn.1一群;一伙;2一束;一串alternatev.(使)轮流;(使)交替a.间隔的n.替换(人)物circulatevi.(尤指在聚会上)应酬,来回周旋v.(使)循环undergovt.经历(变化的过程)preliminarya.(先于某物主要或最重要部分)初步的,预备性的,开端的plurala.多种的;多元的;多数的pluralityn.形形色色的人;各种各样的东西chipv.切下,削下,凿下(碎片、屑片)n.集成电路片;芯片clarifyvt.澄清;讲清楚;阐明definitea.1肯定的;一定的;2清楚的;明确的whipvt.突然移动(挪开)frownvi.皱眉hastya.匆忙的;仓促的hastilyad.飞快地;仓促地exceedinglyad.非常;极其conveyvt.表达;传递;传达blastn.1欢乐而刺激的经历;2一阵疾风;一股气流thrivevi.兴旺;欣欣向荣;茁壮成长dimensionn.(形势等的)方面,部分formulan.1准则;方案;2公式;方程式;分子式nonsensen.荒谬的想法(看法);胡说;废话patvt.轻拍pitn.1(某物表面的)微小凹痕;2(尤指在地上挖出的)坑conquer vt.克服;制服concealvt.隐藏,隐瞒(真实感情或真相)thrillvt.使兴奋;使激动n.(突然而又强烈的)激动,狂喜;令人激动的事thrilleda.非常激动的;非常幸福的;非常高兴的indifferent to(对…)不关心的,不在乎的be inclined to do sth.有做某事的倾向;倾向于做某事take the initiative采取主动;首先采取行动make contact(with sb.)取得联系a bunch of一群;一伙;一束;一串chip in(为共同的活动、支出)凑(钱),凑份子go Dutch(with sb.)(在饭店里)和某人各自结账,平摊费用whip out(很快地)拿出,抽出thrive on乐意做(别人觉得难做或不乐意做的事情)slide into悄悄移到in the pit of one’s stomach在胸口;在心窝UNIT 5 Amanipulatevt.操纵,控制(某人的思想和行为)defyvt.1违反;2违抗;不服从contradictv.与…抵触;与…矛盾;违背recession n.(经济)衰退,萧条gravea.严重的;重大的;严峻的n.坟墓;墓穴nastya.不友善的;不好的;恶毒的tonen.(说话的)语气,口气,腔调resumev.(中断之后)继续,重新开始depictionn.描写;描述;描绘gapn.1差距;差额;差别;2缺口;开口;裂缝paradoxn.自相矛盾(的情况)oddsn.(与某物)不一致,相矛盾perspectiven.(思考问题的)角度,观点,想法uprighta.1正直的;诚实的;2垂直的;笔直的urgevt.极力劝告;敦促;催促suspendvt.1暂停;中止;2(尤指因违规)使…暂时停学(停职)appetiten.1欲望;爱好;2胃口;食欲disguisevt.装扮;假扮invadev.1(尤指不受欢迎地)大量涌入,蜂拥而至;2武力入侵;侵略;侵占utmostn.极度;极限;最大可能cerealn.(通常与牛奶一起吃、作为早餐的)谷类食品cruisen.乘船度假shortagen.短缺;不足;缺乏cementvt.加强,巩固(关系、看法等)n.水泥derivevt.(从某物中)得到,获得v.源自;源于nourishvt.滋养;给…营养compacta.小而紧凑的explicita.清楚明确的;直截了当的echovt.附和(别人的观点)vi.(声音)回响;发出回声stockn.1储备;储备物;2股份scatterv.撒scattereda.散布的;分散的retainvt.保留;保有;继续拥有well-beingn.舒适,健康,幸福ingredientn.1(完成某事的)要素,因素;2(烹调用的)成分,原料hindervt.阻碍;妨碍;阻止consultv.咨询;请教inputn.1(想法、建议或信息的)投入,输入;2(输入计算机的)信息,数据输入optionn.选择;可选择的东西administrationn.1经营过程;管理过程;2(某一时期的)政府egon.自我;自我意识urgenta.紧急的;急迫的;需迅速处理的urgentlyad.紧急地;急迫地tacklevt.处理,对付(难题)legala.1法律的;与法律有关的;2法律允许的;合法的;法律规定的choppya.波浪起伏的;波浪滔滔的refer to提到;谈到do one's utmost竭尽全力(做某事)no shortage of不缺少;不缺乏derive sth.from sth.得到,获得(优势或愉快的感受)put off推迟某事;使某事延期take in领会;理解;记住take stock(of sth.)(对形势)作出估计(判断)consult with sb.与某人商量on track在(可能通向成功的)轨迹上get into trouble处于困境get in one’s way挡着某人的路UNIT 5 Bcatalogn.商品目录;购物指南featuren.特点;特征;特色entitlevt.给(某人)权利;(某人)有资格scoutvt.侦查;搜索issuevt.发表(声明);颁布,发出(命令、警告等)n.议题;争论的问题filtervt.过滤proben.探索;探查;调查sheera.(某物)之重/之大等(用于强调)profilen.人物简介;(某地方的)概况submitvt.呈交,递交,呈递(计划等)corporationn.大型公司;大企业;企业集团installmentn.分期付款的一期tamea.1平淡的;枯燥乏味的;2(动物)驯化的,(由人)驯养的vitaminn.维生素;维他命artificiala.人造的;人工的;假的rodn.钓竿;杆;棒riflen.来复枪;步枪stemn.(植物的)茎,根,柄wardroben.衣柜;衣橱calculatorn.计算器triflen.琐碎的事;无价值的东西outputn.产量;产品fundn.基金;专款ongoinga.继续进行的;不断发展的principaln.本金a.最重要的;首要的;主要的penaltyn.(因违反法律、规则或合约受到的)惩罚,处罚sanctionn.1处罚;惩罚;2(对某国的)制裁imposevt.强制推行;强制实行accordancen.依照;依据;与…一致gravityn.1(局势的)严重性;2重力;引力crisisn.危机;紧要关头visionn.1构想;设想;念头;2视力autonomousa.1有自主能力的;自主的;2(地方或机构)自治的shrugv.耸肩(表示不知道或不在乎)prohibitvt.1使不可能;阻止;2禁止manufacturevt.1编造(虚假情况、借口等);2(用机器大量)生产,制造cripplevt.严重损毁;削弱bankrupta.倒闭的;破产的blendn.(不同事物的)融合dissolvev.1(使)消失;(使)破灭;2(使)溶解isolatevt.孤立;隔离isolateda.孤立的suspicionn.怀疑;嫌疑remedyvt.补救;纠正;改善n.补救法proceduren.(尤指正确的或通常的做事)步骤,手续severea.1非常严格的;严厉的;2很严重的illusionn.(尤其对自己的)幻觉,幻想staggervt.(使某人)惊愕,震惊staggeringlyad.令人极其震惊地;难以置信地be/feel entitled to(do)sth.使某人有权利做某事;使某人有资格做某事urge sb.to do sth.催促(某人)做某事;力劝(某人)做某事filter out滤除(不需要的文字、信息等)in despair绝望地let sb./sth.down使失望;辜负(别人的信任或期望)shrug off对…满不在乎;对…不屑一顾lose interest in对…失去兴趣tear at撕扯out of the question不可能;不允许care about在乎;在意bring sb./sth.into使处于(某种情形)suffer from经受,承受,蒙受(非常不愉快或痛苦的事)access to进入权;使用权;接触的机会UNIT 6 Arivala.竞争的;对抗的n.对手;竞争者secondarya.次要的;从属的imperiala.帝国的;皇帝的raidn.突袭;袭击vt.(军队)突然袭击territoryn.领土;版图;领地opponentn.1(竞争、比赛等的)敌手,对手;2反对者motivatevt.激励;激发…的积极性loyala.忠贞的;忠实的;忠诚的vesseln.船;舰geniusn.1天才;天赋;2有天才的人;天才人物convictionn.坚定的信仰(主张)validatevt.证实;使生效;使合法化exceptionn.例外;除外veterana.经验丰富的;老练的n.老兵;退伍军人conquestn.1击败;征服;攻占;2(对艰难、危险事物的)攻克,征服summitn.1某事物的顶峰;某事物的极点;2首脑会议;最高级会议;峰会enlightenvt.启发;指导;教导enlighteninga.具启发性的publication n.1书;杂志;著作;出版物;2出版irrationala.非理性的;不合理的;荒谬的investigatevt.查明,调查,侦查(犯罪、事故或科学问题的真相)investigationn.(对犯罪、事故或科学问题等进行的正式的)调查,侦查marshalvt.整理(思路、想法等)behaviorala.行为的;行为方式的profitv.使…得到;有利于n.利润;收益;盈利revolvev.(使)旋转preservevt.维护;保护;保存sessionn.(一批人参加某项活动的)一段时间fluctuatevi.波动;起伏;涨落modifyvt.改动;修改;更改visuala.视觉的;视力的protestv.1坚持说;力言;2公开反对;抗议clingvi.1坚持,墨守(某事物);2(尤指感觉不安全而)紧紧抓住(抱住)factorn.因素;要素underneathprep.1在…里面;在…背后;2在…下面;在…底下temporarya.暂时的;临时的restorevt.恢复implementvt.实施;执行;贯彻delegatevt.授权,委托(权限)(给下级);下放(权力)n.代表prunevt.(尤指为缩减规模或降低成本)削减,裁减discardvt.扔掉;弃置outwarda.外表的;表面的prejudicevt.使有偏见;使有成见n.成见;偏见prejudiceda.有成见的;有偏见的dosen.1一份;一点;2(药物的)一剂,一服;一次服用量respectivea.各自的;分别的impose sth.on sb.将…强加于…be featured in在…中被专题介绍;被特写profit from从…中受益revolve around以…为主题(目的);围绕…be exhausted from因…而筋疲力尽;因…而疲惫不堪come in handy派得上用场be attached to sth./sb.喜欢(依恋)某物或某人pay a big price to do sth.花很大代价做某事be measured in sth.用某事物来衡量make an effort to do sth.尽量试着做某事;勉强试着做某事UNIT 6 Bhasten.匆忙;仓促venturevt.小心地说;谨慎地做vi.冒风险(去某处)acidn.(化学物质)酸hintn.暗示remotea.1一无所知;毫无兴趣;毫无打算;2偏僻的;偏远的distributevt.1使分布;散布;2(尤指有计划地)分发,分配,分送transactionn.交易;业务;买卖provokevt.激起;引起pants n.长裤rendervt.1使成为;使变得;使处于某种状态;2给予;提供wreckn.病重的人;疲惫不堪的人categoryn.类别;种类;范畴shampoon.洗发剂;香波enforcevt.1强迫实行;迫使;2执行,实施(法律)enforceda.被迫的;强制的highlightvt.1使…突出;使注意力集中于;2(用色笔)标出;(在计算机上用不同颜色)突出显示crashv.(很响地)猛撞,猛击vacanta.1(精神)茫然的,空虚的,不感兴趣的;2(地方)空着的,无人用的relyvi.信任;信赖implicationn.含意;暗示verifyvt.证明;证实abundancen.大量;丰富;充裕overabundancen.过于丰富(或充足);过剩subtractvt.减去;减掉subtractionn.减;减法penetratev.进入;渗入;刺入;穿过;穿透vt.渗入(某团体或组织)penetratinga.1有洞察力的;思维敏锐的;2锐利的目光/眼睛/凝视等selfisha.自私的;自私自利的transfervt.1转移(时间或支持);2把(钱)转到另一账户(机构)上propertyn.1所有物;资产;财产;2房产;地产;房地产residencen.住宅;住所;宅邸;官邸trademarkn.1(某人的)标记,特征;2商标maximizev.使…最大化maximizern.使…最大化的人dominatev.支配;控制;主宰circulara.循环的;环形的concerningprep.关于;有关;涉及lestconj.1唯恐;生怕;2免得;以免overlookvt.忽视;忽略accusevt.控告;指责overwhelminga.1难以抗拒的;令人不知所措的;2压倒性的;势不可挡的controversyn.争论;辩论;争议anglevt.使…指向一定的角度prescribevt.1规定;指定;2给…开药(开处方)whatsoeverpron.任何事物;无论什么rejoicevi.喜悦;欣喜precautionn.预防;防备;警惕stirvt.1激发,激起(强烈的感情);引起(强烈的反应);2搅;搅动;搅拌renewvt.1(停下一段时间后)重新开始,继续;2延长(协议、官方文件等的)期限;使续期withstandvt.承受住;顶住;抵住specifyvt.具体指明;明确说明;详述tracevt.追寻…的轨迹rush into冲进;奔进in haste匆忙地;急忙地out of control失去控制settle for勉强接受;将就be dissatisfied with对某事或某人不满意be depressed about 对…感到很沮丧struggle to do sth.努力做某事;用力做某事when it comes to 在某个方面;说到某事turn out(to be)结果是;最终成为belong to属于(某人)UNIT 7 Aadministrativea.行政的;管理的administrative assistantn.行政助理attorneyn.律师employeen.受雇者;雇员accommodationn.1迁就;通融;调和;2住处;工作场所segmentn.部分;段;片tolerancen.1忍受;容忍;宽容;2(对痛苦、困难等的)忍受程度,忍耐力disposevt.1使(某人)较倾向于;2丢弃,处理(尤指难以处理的东西)disposeda.有…倾向的sectorn.(尤指商业、贸易等的)部门,行业public sectorn.公营部门;国营部门precedevt.先于…(发生或存在)mumpsn.腮腺炎flourishvi.1繁荣;兴旺;成功;2茁壮成长bystandern.旁观者;局外人;看热闹的人harness vt.利用;控制symbolica.象征的;象征性的plausiblea.可能正确的;有道理的hierarchicala.按等级划分的diplomatica.1讲究手腕的;灵活变通的;2外交的;从事外交工作的diplomaticallyad.讲究手腕地;灵活变通地;外交地discriminationn.歧视petroleumn.石油exportn.出口v.出口acren.英亩countyn.(英国的)郡;(美国等国家的)县erecta.直立的;垂直的vt.竖起cashiern.出纳员;收银员auctionn.拍卖concessionn.妥协;迎合marinea.海洋的;海产的;海生的。
新视野大学英语读写教程单词表】unit2

globa l a. 1.全球的,世界范围的 2.包括一切的,总括的◆ec ology n. 生态,生态学u ndert ake v t. 1.担任,承担 2.同意做,要做,答应init iativ e n. 1.解决困难所采取的行动,初步行动2.采取行动的能力(权利或权力),主动权,优先权3.主动,进取精神(尤指不求助于外力的)ab undan t a.1.很多的,丰富的,充裕的2.富于,富有■cod n. 鳕鱼sp ecies n. 物种,种类■he rring n. 鲱鱼fishe rmann. 渔民,渔夫,渔工◆ambit iousa. 1.显示或需要雄心的2.充满野心的,雄心勃勃的(尤指为金钱或功名的)div ersea. 1.种类不同的,多种多样的 2.不同的,相异的diver sityn. 差异,多样,多样性trop ical a. 热带的,(生长在)热带的,炎热的■c lear-cut v t. 砍伐殆尽(一块林区)◆ero sionn. 1.腐蚀,侵蚀 2.削弱,减少;损害exten sivea. 1.(指面积)辽阔的,广阔的 2.广泛的,大量的seri es n.一连串,一系列,连续的事物(件)jung le n. 1.丛林,密林2.斗争激烈的地方col ony n. 1.侨民(集合名词) 2.【生】群居动物,生长在一地的植物,群体(集合名词)c oloni ze vt. 在(一个地区)开拓殖民地,使殖民地化r evers e vt. 1.反转,颠倒,翻转 2.互换(功能、地位等)3.撤消,取消n. 1.相对,相反2.背面,反面 3.挫折,不幸a.相对的,相反的,颠倒的tax n. 1.税,税额2.负担vt. 1.对 .... 征税,要求... 付税 2.使负重担,使受沉重压力fi nance vt.为(项目)提供经费,为……提供资金n. 1.理财(尤指公款),金融财政 2.(个人、公司、政府的)财源,资金confl ict n. 1.(指意见、欲望)冲突,抵触 2.斗争,战斗vi. 与... ...相反, 抵触, 冲突i ndust riali ze (i ndust riali se) v. (使)工业化◆con tamin ate vt. 污染,玷污,弄脏,污损c ontam inati on n.污染,玷污biolo gy n.生物学bi ologi cally ad.生物学上tr eatyn. 1.(国与国之间缔结的)条约 2.(尤指购置财产时人与人之间的)协约,约定,协商fun d n.1.专款,基金 2.贮藏,储存 3.财源,金钱,现款vt. (为公共机构、工程项目)提供资金exp losiv e a,1.激增的,迅速扩大的 2.爆炸的,爆发的,爆炸性的n.炸药rem ovaln. 1.去除,消除 2.挪走,移走,搬迁spons or vt. 1.赞助,支持2.发起,举办,主办n.1.发起人,保证人2.资助人,赞助人ca sh n.现钞vt. 兑换现金,兑现■cassa va n. [C]木薯■maiz e n.[U] 玉蜀黍,玉米g enera te vt. 1.生成,产生(光、热、电等) 2.引起,产生r egene ratevt. 重建,复兴,革新obse rvern. 观察家,观察的人,观察员s treng thenvt. 使坚强,使强壮,加固,巩固,加强,增强imp act n. 1.对... ...的强烈的印象或影响 2.碰撞,撞击v. 1.影响,作用 2.碰撞,撞击fr own v. 1.不赞成,反对 2.2.皱眉,蹙额n. [C]皱眉shel ter n. 1.住所,住处2.掩蔽部,掩蔽处,躲避处3.掩蔽,遮蔽,保护vt.掩蔽,遮蔽,庇护vi. 躲难,避难wa ge vt. 发起,进行(战争、运动等)n.工资,报酬(通常按周计酬)mas sivea. 1.大量的,大规模的2.大的,大而重的,大块的ad n. 广告◆in duce vt.1.引诱,诱导 2.导致,引起i nduce mentn. 诱因,引诱物,动机conv ert v. 1.(使)改变(信仰或态度等) 2.改变,转变t arget n.1.(欲达到的)目标,指标2.标的,靶vt.把... ...作为目标P hrase s and Expr essio nsconce rn wi th 忙于,从事,关心regar dless of 不顾,不管sp ringup 迅速或突然的出现,发生,长出take meas uresto 采取措施,采取办法as a resu lt of因... ...a im at意欲或试图做agre e to同意,允诺,赞成set up 建立,创立le ad to导致cas h cro p 经济作物birth cont rol 节育vacan t a. 1.未被占用的,空着的 2.(职位、工作等)空缺的 3.茫然的,空虚的rarea. 1.稀有的,罕见的;冷僻的 2.稀罕的,珍奇的optio n n.1.供选择的事物,可选择的事物;选择2.选择权,选择自由,选择enor mousa. 巨大的,庞大的,极大的pr ivate a. 1.私人的,个人的,私用的,私有的 2.秘密的,私下的 3.私营的,私立的,非国家控制的own ershi p n.物主身份,拥有(权)◆l itera lly a d. 照字义,逐字地,真正地ur ban a. 都市的,位于都市的,住在都市的◆pave vt.给(道路路面)铺上石板或砖mud n. 湿泥,泥chi ldhoo d n.童年时期,孩提时代bu lb n. 1.[C] 长在土里的植物球茎(如百合、洋葱、郁金香等植物) 2.[C]电灯泡conta inern. 容器(箱、瓶等)amate ur a.业余的,非专业的n. (指不为赚钱而从事体育或艺术的)业余爱好者g arden er n. (因爱好或挣钱)在花园从事劳动的人,园丁pean. [C] 豌豆,豌豆属植物s aladn. 1. [U]适于生吃的莴笋、莴苣或其他蔬菜 2. [C, U]沙拉(凉拌菜),生菜costl y a.昂贵的,代价高的di tch n. (在田边、路边挖的,尤指用来储水或排水的)沟,渠道lor ry n. [C]卡车erec t vt. 1.建造,建立,竖立 2.树立,直立a. 竖直的,挺直的,直立的m ister n. (略作Mr.全称很少用于书面)先生vice a. 代理的,副的n inete en nu m. 十九,十九个co nserv ation n.保护,保存, 节省tr ail n. 1.小道,崎岖小路 2.踪迹,痕迹v. 1.拖,拉,下垂 2.(在比赛中)落后,失利vt. 追踪,尾随char acter ize (英char acter ise)vt. 1.成为... ...的特征,以... ...为特征 2.描绘(人或物的)特征,归纳(人或物的)特征ho using n. 1.住宅或公寓,住宿(集合名词) 2.提供住宿,住房供给recr eatio n n.休养,娱乐,消遣,精神放松ac re n. 英亩(=4,840平方码或约4,047平方米)c analn. 运河,沟渠exc ursio n n.短途旅行,远足comp arabl e a. 1.相似的,同类的 2.可比的,比得上的strip n. 狭长的一块(材料)或一片(土地)vi.脱去衣服vt. 1.剥去,揭去,除去(衣服、遮蔽物、某部分)2.剥夺... ...的(钱财、荣誉等)su mmitn. 1.最高点,(尤指山的)顶,绝顶2.两国或两国以上(尤指世界上最强的国家)政府首脑的最高级会谈plotn. 1.(尤指用于某特定目的) 小块土地, 小块地皮 2.(戏剧或小说的故事)情节3.秘密计划,阴谋v. 密谋,计划civi liann. 平民Phra ses a nd Ex press ionsope n fie ld 旷野i n fac t 事实上,实际上o n top of 在......之上w ork o n 致力于p owerline【电】电力线,输电线,电源线co ordin ate o ne'seffor ts to齐心协力c leanup 清扫,收拾,清理up to多达,直到for i nstan ce 例如washaway(指水)洗掉,冲走le ad in to 通往,通向Envir onmen tal P rotec tionThrou ghout theWorld Intr oduct ion In mo st pa rts o f the worl d, en viron menta l awa renes s doe s not exis t. Th e gre at ma jorit y ofnatio ns co ncern them selve s wit h eco nomic deve lopme nt, r egard lessof it s eff ect o n the glob al ec ology. But in r ecent year s, as envi ronme ntaldamag e has incr eased, sig ns ofchan ge ha ve sp rungup in vari ous p ocket s aro und t he wo rld.The f ollow ing a re afew e xampl es of coun tries unde rtaki ng ne w env ironm ental init iativ es. Canad a Wh en Eu ropea n exp lorer s fir st ca me to theNew W orld, thefishi ng gr ounds offwhatwould beco me ea stern Cana da an d New Engl and h eld a bunda nt co d and othe r spe cies. Thearea, call ed th e Gra nd Ba nks,was t he mo st ab undan t fis hinggroun d inthe w orld. Now, 500 year s lat er, e xcess ive f ishin g has redu ced t he nu mberof fi sh to dang erous ly lo w lev els.In re spons e, Ca nadahas c losed theareato co d fis hingand s et st rictlimit s oncatch es of othe r spe cies. Whe n Can ada t ook s imila r mea sures to p rotec t the supp ly of herr ing i n the 1970s, th e fis h eve ntual ly re cover ed. B ut ex perts saythatsomespeci es to day h ave b een s o was ted,theymay n everrecov er. T he go vernm ent a lso f acesprote sts f rom C anadi anfi sherm en. A bout40,000 are nowunemp loyed as a resu lt of thefishi ng ba ns an d los s oftheir fish supp ly. Costa Rica Thi s Cen tralAmeri can c ountr y has oneof th e mos t amb itiou s pro grams in t he wo rld t o res ervethe e colog icaldiver sityof it s tro pical rain fore sts.Muchof th e cou ntryhas a lread y bee n cle ar-cu t, an d soi l ero sionhas b een e xtens ive.But a seri es of newenvir onmen tal l aws,toget her w ith t he cr eatio n ofparks andnatur e pre serve s tha t cov er on e qua rterof th e cou ntry, areaimed at p rotec tingCosta Rica’s re maini ng fo rests. Br azil Braz il is home to t he wo rld’s larg est j ungle rain fore st, t he Am azon. Fordecad es, t he go vernm ent s ought to c oloni ze an d dev elopthe A mazon, bri nging seve re en viron menta l dis aster to t he ar ea an d its peop le. But i n 1991, un der p ressu re fr om en viron menta lists arou nd th e wor ld, B razil reve rsedcours e. It ende d tax favo rs th at ha d enc ourag ed cl earin g ofthe A mazon rain fore st, a nd ag reedto aplanto fi nance newfores t pro tecti on pr oject s.C attle farm ers,miner s, an d set tlers have prot ested themoveand c ontin ue todest roy t he fo rests, alt hough at a slow er pa ce th an be fore. Theconfl ict e nlarg ed la st ye ar wh en mi nerskille d a g roupof Am azonIndia ns in orde r toseize thei r lan d. Th egov ernme nt pr omise s itwillprote ct th e reg ion’s nati ve pe ople, butquest ionsremai n asto it s tru e lev el of comm itmen t.E aster n Eur ope The n ation s ofEaste rn Eu rope, incl uding Pola nd, H ungar y, an d the Czec h and Slov ak Re publi cs, a re co nside red t he mo st po llute d ofall t he wo rld’s indu stria lized coun tries. Hea vy me talsfromcoalminin g hav e con tamin atedmuchof th e are a’s w aters. Riv ers,land, andfores ts ar e soconta minat ed th at ma ny ar e now biol ogica lly d ead. In a spec ial s eries of t reati es, E aster n Eur opean coun tries andother nati ons,inclu dingthe U nited Stat es, h ave s et up spec ial f undsfor e nviro nment al cl eanup s and impr oving theregio n’s p owerplant s. In addi tion, Germ any a nd th e Cze ch Re publi c hav e sig ned atrea ty to prot ect t he El be Ri ver f rom f urthe r con tamin ation. Exp ertssay t he tr eatycould serv e asa mod el fo r pro tecti ng ot her r ivers in t he re gion, incl uding theOderand D anube. Gh ana Ghana’s po pulat ion h as be en gr owing by 3.2 pe rcent a ye ar. T his e xplos ive g rowth hasled t o rem ovalof fo rests in m uch o f the coun try,and e xcess ive u se of exis tingfarml and.Fores ts ha ve be en cu t dow n atthe r ate o f 278 squa re mi les a year. In resp onse, thegover nment hasurged loca l vil lages to c reate more shar ed fa rmlan d. It hasspons oredthe g rowin g ofcashcrops such as c assav a, ma ize,cotto n, an d the plan tingof tr ees t o reg enera te wa ste l and.Obser verssay t he pr ogram hassucce ededinst rengt henin g the coun try’s agri cultu ral b ase a nd br ingin g a n ew so urceof we althtovi llage rs. B ut it rema ins t o beseenwheth er th ese m easur es wi ll ha ve en oughimpac t toslowthe r ate o f rem oving thefores ts. Indon esia Indo nesia ns ha ve tr aditi onall y fav oredlarge fami lies, andtheir majo r rel igion,Isl am, f rowns on b irthcontr ol. B ut wi th 188 mil lionpeopl e, th e cou ntryis no w str uggli ng to prov ide e nough food, she lter, andemplo yment forits p eople. Inrecen t yea rs, t hego vernm ent h as wa ged a mass ive a d cam paign to e ncour age b irthcontr ol, o fferi ngin ducem entssuchas fr ee tr ips t o Mec ca, t he bi rthpl ace o f Isl am in Saud i Ara bia. Thegover nment hassucce ededin in creas ing u se of birt h con trolfrom10 pe rcent of t he po pulat ion 20 yea rs ag o to49 pe rcent toda y. As a re sult, theavera ge nu mberof bi rthshas b een c ut fr om 5.6 chi ldren perwoman to 3. The gove rnmen t hop es to redu ce th isav erage to 2.1 ch ildre n per woma n by2005. Butwithsucha lar ge po pulat ion b ase,the c ountr y mus t sti ll co nvert mill ionsmoreto th e ide a ofbirth cont rol i f itis to reac h its popu latio n tar gets. Wor ds: 796Gre en Sp acesin Ci tiesW heredo ch ildre n pla y? Ye ars a go, a ny op en fi eld,any v acant lot, anygroup of t rees-- th ese w ere t he pl aceswhere chil drenplaye d. As fami liesleftfamil y far ms, s malltowns, and thecount rysid e, an d mov ed in to ci ties, theplace s for thei r chi ldren to p lay i nbec ame r arer. Chil drenin th e cit ies h ad fe w opt ions, fewe r cho icesof pl acesto pl ay. In fa ct, a ll pe ople's liv es ch angea lot when they move to t he ci ty. I n cit ies,homes arebuilt on t op of oneanoth er -- in e normo us ap artme nt bu ildin gs. T he fe eling of p rivat espa ce an d own ershi p nolonge r exi sts i n hou ses l itera lly p iledone o n the othe r.P sycho logis ts ha ve be en st udyin g the chan ges p eople expe rienc e whe n the y lea veru ral a reasand m ove i nto u rbanenvir onmen ts. O ne cl ear f indin g fro m the ir st udiesis t hat p eople need gree n spa ces f or be ttermenta l hea lth.Child ren c an pl ay on pave dpla ygrou nds.That's tru e. Ho wever, the y jus t don't ha ve as much funas ch ildre n insmall town s. Wi thout gras s and tree s and bush es an d, ye s, di rt an d mud to g et di rty i n, ch ildre n mis s animpor tantpartof ch ildho od. T he hu man s oul,it se ems,needs to s tay c loseto it s roo ts. Adult s can plan t lot s ofthing s lik e bul bs in wind ow bo xes a nd la rge c ontai ners.Howe ver,tendi ng wi ndowboxes isn't the same as b eingan am ateur gard enerand g rowin g pea s, to matoe s and sala d gre ens i n a b ackya rd ga rden. Thelackofgr een s paceis no w rec ogniz ed an d und ersto od as a pr oblem. Ci ty pl anner s --the p eople whodesig n nei ghbor hoods -- h ave b egunto wo rk on aso lutio n. Th ey wa nt to buil d mor e par ks, b ut la nd in citi es is quit e cos tly.So th ey lo ok fo r lan d tha t noone e lse w ants. Alon g riv ers,under powe r lin es, n ear d itche s and high ways-- th ese a re th e spa ces t hat n o one uses andtheyare e veryw here. Whynot u se th ese u nused spac es fo r gre en ar eas?Neigh borho od gr oupshavecoord inate d the ir ef forts to c leanupth e tra sh or garb age.Soilfromnew b uildi ng pr oject s inthe c ity h as be en tr uckedby l orrie s int o the se ar eas.Thissoilhas b een d umped alon g the side s ofriver s, an dstr ong w allshavebeenerect ed to hold it t here. Tree s and bush es ha ve be en pl anted; the root s ofthese plan ts wi ll ho ld th e soi l, to o, an d the gree n lea ves m ake t he ar ea be autif ul. "Peop le in andnearcitie s hav e lit tle o pport unity to e xperi enceparks or u nprot ected open spac es, a nd th at'sbecom ing a prob lem," says Mist er Er nestCook, a se niorvicepresi dentof th e Tru st fo r Pub lic L and (TPL). This orga nizat ion w as st arted over twen ty-on e yea rs ag o. It s pur poseis to prot ect l and a nd pu blicresou rcesfor p eople. Inthe p ast n inete en ye ars,TPL h as co mplet ed up to a thou sandconse rvati on pr oject s inCanad a and theUnite d Sta tes. In P ortla nd, M aine, thelandalong theold t raintrack s nea r the coas t has beco me agreen belt of t rails betw een a reaschara cteri zed b y hou singdevel opmen ts an d tho sech aract erize d bydownt own b usine sses. To M ister Char les J ordan, the dire ctorof th ePor tland Park s and Recr eatio n Dep artme nt, i t's j ust a begi nning. Jor dan h as pl ans f or an envi ronme ntalunive rsity -- a huge urba n par k (5,000 a cres). It willincl ude d iffer ent e nviro nment s, fr om ca nalsand w etlan ds to fore sts.Jorda n's p lansinclu de anetwo rk of trai ls an d pat hs fo r peo ple t o use forexcur sions alloverthe c ity.He al so wa nts t o bui ld agreen belt from Port land, acro ss Ca nadaand t he Un itedState s, al lthe waybackto th e Pac ificOcean. Com munit ies a cross theconti nentcouldbe c onnec ted b y suc h a g reenbelt. Oth er ci tieshavecompa rable proj ects. In P hoeni x, Ar izona, for inst ance, thesidesof t he Sa lt Ri ver b ed th at ha ve wa shedawayare b ecomi ng apark. In B altim ore,a lon g str ip of land (whi ch wa s use d for dump ing g arbag e) is beco minga ser ies o f bik ing a nd wa lking trai ls. T hesetrail s wil l lin k a d ozenneigh borho ods a nd th e dow ntown busi nessareas. Insomecitie s, th e bic yclepaths conn ect e veryareato ev ery o therarea.In F lagst aff,Arizo na, a thou sandmiles of b ike t rails lead into theSan F ranci sco P eaks, thehighe st su mmitin th e sta te. In ot her a reas, plan nershavemadeplace s for bicy cle t rails andplayg round s, fo rpub lic g arden s and priv ate g arden plot s, an d pat hs fo r wal kingand r unnin gexc ursio ns. T he co stlyresul t isa gro winggreen nessin th e cit ies a nd ahealt hierenvir onmen t for allthe c ivili ans w ho li ve th ere. Word s: 730Eart h —a Livi ng Pl anetEarth look s lik e a b ig bl ue ma rble(玻璃球); fro m hig h abo ve th e Ear th an d fro m the moon, the plan et gl eamsand s hines. The blue wate r inthe o ceans andseasof th e Ear th ma kes a dram aticimage. The whit e clo uds a bovethe E arthadd b eauty to t he pi cture. Wat er is thesourc e ofthisbeaut y and thesourc e oflifeon Ea rth.It is thereaso npeo ple c an li ve on this plan et. W ateris ev erywh ere.It is in t he ai r tha t peo ple b reath e. It is i n the soil, the grou nd th at gr ows t he fo od. W ateris in rock deep unde r the grou nd, i n nat uralholdi ng ar eas -- instora ge. I n a r eal s ense, wate r kee ps Ea rth a live. Nat ure h as an unch angin g amo unt o f wat er. N ature hasa per fectsyste m for recy cling wate r. Wa ter i s use d aga in an d aga in. I t fal ls as rain. The n itgoesto on e ofthreeplac es. I t mig ht si nk sl owlythrou gh th e soi l int o the natu ral h oldin g are as in therock.It m ightdisap pearintothe a ir qu ickly -- b y bec oming vapo r, or gas. It m ightrun o ff in to st reams, riv ers a nd oc eans. By i tself, nat ure c an ke ep th e bal anceand p rovid e ple nty o f cle an wa ter f or us. Nat ure r ecycl es wa ter. Howe ver,peopl e cau se pr oblem s for this natu ral r ecycl ing s ystem. Nat ure's recy cling syst em ca n wor k wel l onl y ifpeopl e wor k wit h the syst em an d not agai nst i t. So me wa ys th at pe opleupset natu re ar e eas y tounder stand. For exam ple,dirty sewa ge (污水沟系统) wate r fro m hom es an d fac torie s mus t not mixwithdrink ing w ater. Peop le ge t sic k fro m dri nking cont amina ted w ater. Some times wate r fro m fac torie s goe s int o str eamsand r ivers. Itenter s int o the grou ndwat er. I t can flow into lake s too. Thi s kin d ofconta minat ion f rom i ndust ry (w astewater from fact ories) can be d anger ous f or pe ople. If w aterconta ins p oison s an d che mical s, it is p oison. Poi son m akespeopl e sic k; so me po isons kill peop le as well as b irdsand a nimal s. Wi thout know ing,peopl e can upse tnat ure's recy cling syst em. Lakes andriver s add beau ty to theworld. Peo ple e njoywater forenter tainm ent p urpos es, t oo. P eople enjo y swi mming andplayi ng in thecoolwater of a lake in t he su mmer. They like to r ide o n boa ts on rive rs. M any p eople enjo y cat ching fish in t he ri vers. They fish forfoodand f or sp ort.Howev er, i n som e pla ces,the w aterof th e lak es an d riv ers i s nolonge r saf e. Th ese r ivers andlakes areconta minat ed. T he fi sh ar e dyi ng be cause of t he ch emica ls fr om fa rms a nd fa ctori es. P eople cann ot sw im in thepollu ted w ater. The re ar e oth er wa ys th at pe opledistu rb na ture. Some of t hesewaysare n ot ea sy to unde rstan d. Fo r exa mple, of w hat u se is a we t lan d? No onecan p lantcrops on i t. No onecan b uilda hou se on it.There fore, engi neers have remo ved t he wa ter f rom s ome w et-la nds i n ord er to make usef ul la nd. M any s hoppi ng ce nters stan d ondry l and t oday, land that wasoncewet a nd fu ll of mars hes.Yet t he so ft an d wet grou nd of a ma rsh s ervesan i mport ant p urpos e innatur e. In a ma rsh,the s urfac e wat er ca n sin kslo wly d own t hroug h the soil into therockbelow. Nat ure's hold ing a rea f illsslowl y wit h tha t cle an, f ilter ed wa ter. Hous ing d evelo pment s and shop pingcente rs co ver m uch o f the Eart h wit h pav ed an d con crete surf aces. Wate r can not s ink t hroug h the se ha rd su rface s. Ra inwat er ca nnotsinkintothe g round beca use o f the buil dings, roa ds, a nd pa rking lots. Soit fl oodsparki ng lo ts an d flo ws in to ba semen ts. E ngine ers b uildhugestorm pipe s orsewer s (污水沟) to carr y the stor m wat er aw ay, b ut th ese c auseanoth er pr oblem. The y car ry al l ofthe w ateraway. Notmuchwater cansinkintothe h oldin g are as un der t he gr ound. Theonceunlim itedsuppl y offresh, cle an wa ter i s now limi ted.Natur e's r ecycl ing s ystem is i n dan ger. Beca use o f wat er, E arthis alivin g pla net.Peopl e can live here beca use o fwat er. T hey b uildlarge dams to s torewater in h uge m an-ma de la kes.The w aterinth ese l akescan w aterfarml and a nd pr ovide wate r for citi es. W aterfromthe d ams c anma ke el ectri city, call ed hy droel ectri citysince it i s mad e fro m wat er po wer.Thesehydr oelec tric(水电的) proj ectsprodu ce el ectri cityfor t he pe opleof ne arbycitie s and town s. Ho wever, the se da ms al so ca use p roble ms. I n som e pla ces,the h oldin g are asbe hindthe d ams h ave d estro yed t he en viron mentfor a nimal s, bi rds,and p lants. On e thi ng is cert ain -- the bala nce o f nat ure o n thi s wat er pl anetis ea silyupset. And upse tting thenatur al wa ter c ycle(循环)on Ea rth m akessigni fican t pro blems forits i nhabi tants. All of u s sha re th ese p roble ms. W atergives life to o ur pl anet.We m ust l earnto li ve in bala nce w ith n ature, orour s hinin g pla net E arthwilldie. Word s: 797。
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Unit 2
New words
accounting n.?会计;会计学
calculate vt.? 1估计;预测;推测2计算;核算
boost vt.?促进;推动;使兴旺
prospect n.?可能的事情;很可能发生的事情;前景
defect vi.?背叛;叛逃n.?缺点;欠缺;不足之处
applied a.?(学科)应用的,实用的
bet vt.?肯定v.?下赌注;与…打赌
persist vi.? 1继续存在;持续2坚持;执意
accelerate v.?(使)加快;促进
succession n.?一连串,一系列(同类型的人或物)
liberal a.? 1文科2心胸宽广的;开明的
logical a.?合乎逻辑的;合理的
bound a.?一定的;几乎肯定的
dominant a.有优势的;占统治地位的
pillar n. 1(信仰或思想)非常重要的部分2柱子;支柱
vivid a.?清晰的;生动的
compel vt.?强迫;迫使
compelling a.?有强烈吸引力的;引人入胜的
promote vt.?支持;鼓励;提倡
speculate v.?思索;沉思;推测;猜测
mystery n.不可思议的事物;无法解释的事物;谜
destruction n.?毁灭;摧毁;破坏
self-destruction n.?自残;自毁
unconscious a.?潜意识的;下意识的;无意识的
destructive a.?破坏性的;毁灭性的
architect n.?建筑师
philosopher n.?哲学家;哲人
landscape n. 1风景照;风景画2(陆上的)风景,景致,景色
fertile a.? 1富有成果的;富有想象力的2(土地)肥沃的,富饶的elegant a.? 1(想法或计划)巧妙的,简洁的2优美的;高雅的analysis n.?分析
spectacular a.?引人入胜的;非常壮观的
brand n.?品牌;商标
invest v.?投资
insight n.? 1洞察力;领悟力2顿悟;洞悉;见解
thereby ad.?因此;从而;借此
scope n.?(活动、机构或学术)范围
undertake vt.?承担;着手做
candidate n.?候选人
breakthrough n.?突破;重大发现;重大成就
barrier n.?障碍
liable a.?可能(易于)做某事的
establishment n.?建立;创立;设立
dean n.?院长;系主任;教务长
sole a.?唯一的;仅有的
solely ad.?只;唯一地;仅仅
reservoir n. 1积蓄;储备2(人造的)水库;(天然)蓄水湖outstanding a.?杰出的;出众的;显着的
Phrases and expressions
major in 主修(某一)科目
in succession连续发生地;接连发生地
stand up for支持;保卫;维护
speculate about/on猜测;推测
cap ture one’s imagination引起某人的想象;吸引某人的注意
in the form of 以…形式;以…方式
a/the body of sth. 大量的某物
invest sb./sth. with sth. 赋予(某人或某物)以(某种性质)in a … manner以…方式;以…方法
in favor of 支持;赞同
prepare … for …使…做好准备(应对未来)
in the company of 和某人在一起。