人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理] 复习过去分词2

人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习复习过去分词2（作状语）概念引入在上一单元我们已经复习了过去分词作定语、表语和补足语，本单元我们继续复习过去分词作状语的用法，并小结非谓语动词的做题技巧。

先看下面句子：1. Now once taught by me, she’d become an upper class lady...2.Once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as aduchess.3. Placed inside the rooms, statues of Gods seem to guard the large sleeping Buddha.4. Bitten by the snake in the bush, Susan was sent back to the camp.这些句子中斜体词部分都是过去分词短语作状语，其中句1和句2是条件状语，句3是方式状语；句4是原因状语。

那么用过去分词作状语时要注意什么呢？作状语时与动词-ing 形式和不定式有什么区别呢？下面我们将就这些问题进行讨论。

用法讲解过去分词作状语1【非谓语动词之过去分词---作状语】过去分词或短语作状语时，表示被动和完成，在句子中一般可表示时间、原因等。

1. 时间状语Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.知道了他母亲病了，李雷赶紧回了家。

Seen from the moon, the earth looks green. 从月球上看，地球是绿色的。

2. 原因状语Broken down on the highway, his car was carried away by the police.他的车在公路上出了故障，被警方拖走了。

Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.老师对他做的很满意，在班上表扬了他。

3. 条件状语Given a few minutes, I’ll finish it.给我几分钟，我就会完成它。

Compared with you, I still have a long way to go. 与你相比，我仍然有很长的路要走。

4. 让步状语Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it.给他解释了上百次，他仍然不明白。

Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool. 一天训练10小时，他也还是个蠢人。

5. 结果状语He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken. 他从一棵很高的树上掉了下来，腿骨折了。

The cup fell down to the ground, broken. 杯子落到地上，碎了。

注意：有些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来，成为单独的短语，在句子中作状语。

如：1. exactly / honestly / frankly / generally speaking 准确地说/老实地说/坦率地说/一般说来Exactly speaking, he got here at eight fourteen this morning.确切地说，他今天早晨8点14分到这里的。

Generally speaking, a snake won’t attack a man unless it is bothered.总的来说，蛇如果没被搅扰就不会咬人。

2. judging from / by... 从/ 根据某东西判断Judging by his accent, he is from Hunan. 从他的口音判断，他是湖南人。

Judging from what he said, he is very honest. 根据他的话判断，他很诚实。

3. providing / provided …假如/ 如果Providing he follows our advice, we can help him. 如果他听我们的建议，我们可以帮助他。

Provided he is free, he is sure to come. 假如他有时间，他肯定会来。

4. considering... 考虑到Considering he was just a little boy, we didn’t punish him.考虑到他只是个小孩，我们没有惩罚他。

Considering it was late, we didn’t discuss the question.考虑到时间晚了，我们没有讨论这个问题。

5. thinking of... 想到/ 考虑到Thinking of the environment we live in, the waste can’t be thrown away around directly.考虑到我们所生活的环境，废物不能随手扔掉。

6. talking of... 谈到/ 说到Talking of math, he became excited. 说到数学，他非常激动。

7. 其它常见短语：taking...into consideration 把某事考虑进去calculating roughly, 粗略地计算supposing... 假定to tell you the truth 实话告诉你；to be frank 坦白地说to begin with 首先要做的是so to speak 可以这么说taken as a whole 从整体上来看put frankly, 坦率地说given that 鉴于……■过去分词作状语21. 逻辑主语与独立主格结构1）过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语一般是主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。

When asked why he came here, the boy kept silent.当那个男孩被问到为何来这里时，他沉默不语。

Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology.由于在农村出生并长大，他对生物很感兴趣。

2）如果主句的主语不是分词的逻辑主语，而是前面的名词或代词，此结构属于独立主格结构。

注意此时代词必须是主格，而且只用于作状语。

The signal given, the bus started. 信号一发出，汽车就开动了。

（the signal是given的逻辑主语）Her head held high, she went by. 她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。

（her head是held high的逻辑主语）2. 过去分词与从句过去分词作原因状语、时间状语或条件状语时相当于谓语是被动语态的状语从句，而过去分词作伴随状语相当于and+并列谓语/并列句。

Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。

(=Because he was caught in a heavy rain 原因状语从句)Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。

( = If these seeds are grown in rich soil条件状语从句)The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. 训练员出现了，后面跟着六条小狗。

(= and he was followed by six little dogs)3. 连接词+过去分词根据需要，过去分词前也可加上when, while, until, once, though, although, as long as, unless, as if, even if等词。

When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。

He sat there reading as if tied to the chair. 他坐在那里读书，好像被绑在椅子上。

注意：在before，after，without后必须用being done代替过去分词。

Before being called, remain where you are. 叫你之前，待在原地别动。

The boy left the playhouse without being seen. 一个男孩没被发现就离开了游戏室。

4. 表示主动的过去分词有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。

常见的有：lost （迷路）；seated（坐）；hidden（躲）；stationed（驻扎）；lost / absorbed in（沉溺于）；born（出身于）；dressed in（穿着）；tired of（厌烦）等。

Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。

Dressed in a jacket, he walked out of the house. 他身穿一件夹克走出了那幢房子。

非谓语动词做题七原则1. 用作目的状语，多用不定式When asked why he went there，he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight.A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained解析：由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以要用不定式，因此可排除A 和B。

另外，由于“他”与“训练”为被动关系，选D。

2. 用作伴随状语，多用动词-ing形式As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not_____, and asked myself what I was going to do.A. movedB. movingC. to moveD. Being moved解析：move与主语“I”是主动关系，与stood同时进行，用动词-ing形式，选B。