开题报告-李倩
开题报告表__李倩倩
8、6月1日以后，参加答辩。
六、指导教师意见
签字：年月日
七、教研室（或开题审查小制
附表2：
山东建筑大学毕业论文开题报告表
班级：房管133姓名：李倩倩
论文题目
房地产销售绩效考核中的问题与对策研究——以碧桂园为例
一、选题背景和意义
选题背景：
随着我国市场经济的不断发展，社会商业化程度越来越高，加之市场环境的变化和顾客需求的多样性，使得商业竞争也愈加激烈。企业想要在市场竞争中占有一席之地就必须清楚地认识企业自身所处的环境，并不断进行战略调整，追踪其战略部署的效果。而对于战略部署的效果如何评价这一问题，就需要企业根据自身发展情况建立相应的绩效评价体系。
2、3月1日到15日，阅读文献，缩小研究范围，草拟论文题目。
3、3月15日到3月31日，阅读文献，确定论文题目，开始书写开题报告。
4、4月1日到4月15日，阅读文献，完成开题报告并基本定稿。
4、4月16日到4月30日，开始写作并完成论文初稿。
5、5月1日到5月15日，修改毕业论文。
6、5月16日到5月20日，整理完成外文文献的翻译工作。
二、课题关键问题及难点
课题关键问题是对绩效考核体系实施过程中所遇到的的问题的分析。
1.绩效考核体系较繁琐，实施过程中绩效提升并不明显，甚至引发管理紊乱现象。
2.考核指标与企业战略脱节
3.绩效指标过于看重“结果”
难点是从根本上提升企业绩效，找出影响绩效考核的真正原因。
三、调研报告（或文献综述）
四、方案论证
4 B公司绩效考核体系设计
4.1绩效考核体系设计的原则和目标
4.3绩效考核体系设计方案
4.2绩效考核体系设计思路
李倩论文开题报告
Dissertation ReportThesis: Primary English scalability job applied research Graduate Name: Li QianStudent ID: 20114104019Instructor: Yan HongProfessional: Subject Education (English) Admission date: 2011.3Te sources and topics in accordance topicsDmestic and international research profileEnglish major course work in primary and secondary schools, there are four forms: 1. Practice operations. 2. Written assignments. 3. verbal, listening tasks. 4 show the job. Through the above types of jobs, student work small but students learn a lot. In their spare time, students are encouraged to attend organized tennis, chess, tourism and other clubs, let the children get to know more friends, develop social skills. And participate in these activities, students often take jobs to do, such as helping tennis club competitions arrangements designed to understand the history and geography of tourist spots backgroundAmerican schools have student work on the following ten positioning: 1. Provide opportunities to practice; 2. Doing class preparation; 3. Participate in practical activities; 4. Development of students' personality; 5. Improve parent-child relationship; 6 .Strengthen school exchanges; 7 promoting peer activities; 8. implementing policies 9. Establish the image of the school; 10. Punish students with problems. It is understood that in the United States many of the students' work, but they work with our Chinese operations are fundamentally different. Their jobs are generally paper form, the teacher deadline , the process of doing the thesis requires students to Internet search data , provide guidance to the teacher needs, either through their own personal experience and so on.Other developed regions and countries of operation are similar, practical work, innovation, etc. to expand operations in the form of common applications has been. It is obvious that expansion of operations in foreign primary job has occupied a great deal of weight, got widespread attention.In China, there are many teachers work in progress on the design of curriculum, has been noted to expand students' knowledge and abilities required. Jobs are no longer limited to the traditional oral job, short-term operations, will do their homework and individual operations. Verbal operations, long- time operation, the election homework and group assignments, etc. to expand operations in the form of the rise in recent years and become a popular form of English homework , which have contributed to this thesis .On the expansion of primary school English jobs related theories(1)rimary English scalability nature of the operation①Expansion of jobs should be open. Open jobs open to students thinking, help develop students' intellectual and non-intellectual factors.②. Expansion of operations should be interactive. Allow students to self-exploration and the process of cooperation and exchange real use of knowledge.③. Expansion of operations should be hierarchical.④. Expansion of operations to reflect the cultural nature. Languageand culture are closely linked, the language is the carrier of culture . Learn English speaking countries learn English culture is very helpful. You can use the job to help students expand their knowledge and learn more than book knowledge.(2) Primary English scalability design jobs① Expansion of job design with interest as a starting point; primary school English teaching is the entry, should cultivate students ' interest in English first.②Expansion of job design should be closely related to life, allowing students to use English to do things. So as to allow students to use the real way to apply the knowledge learned.③ Development of job design to meet the learning of science, what kind of job the teacher arranged to be aware of the specific job tasks should discipline specific teaching goals and objectives.Purpose and significanceObjective:Primary English scalability job applied research in line "New Standard " requirements , adhere to the openness of the subject involved , in the form of interest, the content of a comprehensive , job evaluation richness principle. By analyzing the development status quo of job applications , according to the physical and psychological characteristics of students for elementary English scalability job classification , design ,display, home-school , re- positioning and practice evaluation for primary school English scalability job application specified direction , and the expansion of primary school English the basic characteristics of the job as well as its methods of operation to organize, summarize ; provided on the basis of the above and then some specific expansion of primary school English job application cases and analyzed from both theoretical and practical aspects of primary English expansion of teacher job application of this micro- teaching provides direct , practical and sound advice and suggestions.Implications for research:1.Primary English scalability job applied research in favor of new courses aim.The nature of the new curriculum reform, the new curriculum reform and development of innovative value orientation, to promote scientific education, democratization, full of ecological sustainability. For a part of the new curriculum reform, job design, this concept must penetrate them. "Changing the status quo mechanical training, promotes active participation of students, willing to explore the style of study, students acquire new knowledge and skills, analytical and problem-solving skills and the ability to communicate and cooperate." The traditional concept of English homework has been unable to adapt to the new curriculum implementation requirements, it is difficult for the English scientificdirection job design point. Primary English scalability jobs emerged for elementary English scalability job design theory and practice is imperative.2 Primary English scalability job applied research is the result of traditional teaching reflection.Educational process, educational researchers, teachers, parents have found a very common phenomenon: Most of the students do not like homework. While traditional job training memory ability of students is very effective, and has a strong operational. But practice tells us that the current mode of operation are followed discourage new curriculum reform process. Mainly reflected in: ①lack of personalized job ; ②emphasis on memory work light applications ; ③for quantity not for quality jobs ; ④ form of old-fashioned job , can not effectively motivate students ;3 Primary English scalability to meet the primary job of the applied research needs in learning EnglishFrom school children to learn English demands, expanding after-school pupils of jobs can help students to consolidate classroom learning English knowledge and promote their accumulated knowledge of English after school, broaden their horizons , develop practical skills . Meanwhile, the expansion of job can provide students with more opportunities for self-learning, the creation of enlightened thinking of thestudents learning English fun, to enable students to establish good study habits in English, the formation of their own learning English . Therefore, in order to better meet students' English language learning needs, the need for expansion of primary school English design commenced operations necessary research.4 Primary English scalability job applied research to meet the development needs of teachersNew curriculum will change the lives of students, the new curriculum will also change the lives of teachers can be said that the final decision on the new curriculum teachers strike, teachers' professional development is the key to the new curriculum reform. Seek professional development for teachers began to consciously plan to seek the greatest degree of self-development. Teachers will focus more on teaching an important part - the effectiveness of operations; concerns whether students can really do it, “apply their knowledge." Thus the problem of its teachers to be comprehensive and holistic attention.Research methodsTheoretical basis:New English Curriculum Standards (2011 Edition)1 the nature of the courseCompulsory English courses with tools and humanity’s dual nature. In terms of the instrument , English courses assume students basicEnglish literacy and develop students' thinking skills to the task , that students learn through English master basic English literacy and development of basic English listening, speaking , reading and writing skills , the initial formation English ability to communicate with others , to further promote the development of thinking skills . On humanity , the English courses to improve students' comprehensive undertaking the task of humanities , English courses that students can broaden their horizons through the rich experience of the provincial capital , the formation of cross-cultural awareness and enhance the spirit of patriotism , the development of innovation capacity , the formation of good character and correct outlook on life and values. Tools and humanity consent of English courses help students lay the foundation for lifelong development.2 Basic concepts①Focus on quality education, language learning for students' development reflects the value;②for all students, language learners concern different characteristics and individual differences;③Overall design goals, give full consideration to language learning progressive and persistent;④ emphasize the learning process, emphasis on language learning practical and applied;⑤Optimization evaluation methods, focusing on evaluation ofstudent's overall language proficiency;⑥ Rich curriculum resources expand channels of learning English; Humanistic theoryHumanistic Psychology fifties and sixties of the 20th centuries, the rise of a psychology in the United States thought, and their representative is Maslow and Rogers. Humanistic educational theory focus ed learners’ cognitive structure, emphasis on teaching the learner’s emotional, personality and mood of creative development, advocating a student-centered, self-selected student, self-discovery opportunities. Rogers emphasized that teaching should develop their personality, and fully mobilize the students ' intrinsic motivation to learn, and to create harmonious relationships. Humanistic learner-centered learning theory, requiring education should return to the origin of human development. Effective learning , it should be in a relaxed , cooperation, censure , warm safe atmosphere to learn , requires collective personality as threats to a minimum , the only way some of the students in order to have the best learning environment .Human Learning Theory Elementary English scalability job design inspiration:1. Job design should be student -centered2. When the job should be designed to open;3. Job design should take into account the students' affective factors;4 The job should be designed to facilitate students' collaborative learning and independent study;Zone of proximal development theoryVygotsky's “zone of proximal development theory”that the development of students, there are two levels: one is the student's current level, another is a student possible level of development. Gap between the two is the zone of proximal development. Teaching should focus on the student's zone of proximal development , to provide students with the contents of the difficulty to mobilize the enthusiasm of students , its potential , beyond its zone of proximal development to achieve the level of development of its difficulty , and then on the basis of the next development area development . And quality education as the background of the current teaching reform is advocated for all students, so that students develop a comprehensive development of the modern concept of teaching. In this view, the essence of teaching is to stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, helping overall development of students. And Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development theory advocated teaching concept with exactly coincides. Vygotsky's zone of proximal development theory suggests that learning and development is a social and cooperative activity, they can never be “taught“to someone. It is suitable for students in their own minds to build their own understanding. And it is in this process, the teacher plays a “facilitator" and " Help “role to guide,motivate and help overall development of students.Vygotsky zone of proximal development theory’s“zone of proximal development theory” of primary school English scalability job design is important reference significance:1. According to the different characteristics of each student, layout different jobs, so that students can display their individuality;2. Job design should be based on the students' potential level of development, to guide students to develop;.Theory of Multiple IntelligencesSmart has always been an important area of research psychology. Among the many smart theory, Gardner's theory of multiple international had a broad impact. Gardner put intelligence is defined as " is a social and cultural environment and then the value of the standard , the individual in order to solve their own problems encountered in real or production and to create a product has the ability ."He believes that human intelligence is diverse, including at least eight basic intelligence: Linguistic intelligence; Logical-mathematical intelligence; spatial intelligence; Physical functioning intelligence; Musical intelligence; Interpersonal intelligence; Intrapersonal intelligence; Naturalist intelligence.Gardner " Multiple Intelligences Theory" Primary English scalability job design inspiration :1 job design should be open to all, so that each person's latent potential to be developed ;2 job designs should involve the entire intelligence field, to ensure overall development of students;3 contact job designs should focus on the students' social life, with practice;The third chapter discusses the specifics of how to implement the “Primary English scalability job applied research." In the form of a questionnaire survey in hand to prove that students like scalability jobs , job design to determine the principles of scalability , scientifically classify the job , jobs for primary school English scalability summed up how the scientific management . Chapter Summary “Primary English scalability job applied research “results.Method:This study uses literature study, questionnaire survey, and case study analysis, highlighting the close combination of theory and practice.Specifically, this study used a literature analysis, from the expansion of the purpose and significance involved in the operation, functional role , form, content, and other aspects of operations management to fully absorb and learn from the results of previous studies , in conjunction with their primary schools during elementary school English scalability job design practical experience for elementary English scalabilitycharacteristics and advantages of the job summary. In addition, we use survey methods to understand the development of pupils on the job acceptance and welcome degree. Meanwhile, the paper will use case analysis, showing the expansion of the students to do the job design case then analyzes.The study conditions and possible problemsTheoretical support is not enough. Compared with the traditional forms of work, sex work is only in recent years to expand proposed. In my elementary school English scalability job design research process, has been the practice will continue to focus on teaching, reflection, practice, have summarized some lessons strong teaching experience, but the phenomenon will be back to the root of the problem was known not deep, can not give strong theoretical support, which is I now do one of the study's confusion.Classroom observation survey is not scientific. According to my current professional knowledge is concerned, my questionnaire which will only interest in other aspects of popularity surveys.As the particularity of English in primary schools, each class every Wednesday lesson amount of hours on the job sometimes is not timely evaluation, or even the lack of effective and comprehensive platform for the display and then the job will dampen the enthusiasm of students . Fourth, the expected resultsThis thesis is closely linked to their coaching pep materials and daily teaching practice, primary school English scalability job design, job and into the game , painting , surveys , performing among ; and literature , science, art and other integrated, so student hands, brain , moving mouth ; allow students to complete the job at the same time happy , not only learned knowledge, but also to achieve a wide range of skills and the ability to expand and promote their lifelong learning and development. In addition, teachers in the research process, but also enrich their own educational theory and methods, through continuous reflection and exploration, will facilitate teachers to become learning teachers, research-oriented teachers.Paper writing scheduleIdentify research directions; literature search: 2013 January-May Opening report writing and sent instructors to review: June-July 2013 Dissertation: July 2013Investigation and analysis phases: in July 2013, October 2013Essay writing, completed the first draft sent to tutor reviewing: 2014 3-6 monthsModification and final papers: July-October 2014Papers submitted for review: October 2014Thesis: March 2015Te basic framework papersChapter IntroductionPrimary English first expansion of applied research in the experimental background jobSection II expansion of primary school English meaning of the job applied researchSection III of this study purpose and content of the frameworkChapter II expansion of primary school English literature review of job applied researchSection theoretical foundation1. New Elish Curriculum Standards (2011)2. Humanistic theory3. Zone roximal development theory4. Theory of Multiple IntelligencesSection II expansion of primary school English abroad jobs Research Section III definition of related concepts and theories1 expand teaching2 jobs3 Primary English scalability nature of the operation4 Primary English scalability design jobsChapter III expansion of primary school English research methods applied research jobs1 Research Description: Primary school English scalability jobapplication research mainly focused on the environment of the new curriculum in English primary job characteristics , explore meet the physical and psychological characteristics and language learning students regularly work in the form of expansion , research and development in the form of job content , scalability operations management, incentive mode.2.search objectives : to explore new curriculum meet scalability jobs Primary English layout, design and content management ; verification scalability than traditional practices can enhance students ' interest in learning, develop students' English learning, thus improving English scores .3 subjects : the Inner Mongolia Erdos Dalateqi I taught elementary school for the second experimental school , I taught fourth grade from the three classes take four ( five ) classes for the experimental classes, four ( six ) classes for the control classes .4. Research tools: questionnaires, classroom observation form5 research programs:① find problemsIn my usual teaching life, I found an interesting phenomenon: the acceptance of the job process, I found the children completed the expansion of the ideal job, more interested in this; there is often some teachers unexpected harvest. Therefore, I think it is necessary tounderstand the development of jobs and student interest in learning English if there is more closely associated.② To develop programsBeing proposed and to develop targeted solutionsEach unit requires experimental classes with at least one expansion of jobs, in the specific operation type, and I will be based on classroom unit topic category to decorate the corresponding expansion of operations. While in the control classes will not be able to use these.③ EmbodimentPrimary English scalability job on its contents for the following categories : letter class , word class , dialogue category, class essays , letters classes , learning letters , I will decorate the students in the supermarket or in their living environment to find letters, will allow students to make the license plate number, etc. ; word classes, such as in teaching TABLE, FRIDGE, and so more difficult to remember the word, I will ask the child room designs according to their preferences and use the English word mark, etc. ; conversation classes generally have major sentence , then I will design a form for students to interview , for example, in the study of which season do you like? after this sentence, I will ask the children interviewed their family or friends, or even allow students to sing the song by changing the subject sentence, so that the process of integration to complete some of the knowledge and skills ; PrimaryEnglish scalability job on its commitments are concerned, can be divided into individual assignments , group work double jobs, and jobs . Individual assignments completed by individuals , such as Figure write words ; Double jobs such as dialogue performances ; group work such as fashion shows , etc. ; Primary English expanded its operations to complete the process of the timing for short-term jobs and long-term operations. On completion of the long-term job is really a subject or module, around the theme of doing the job. Such as the fourth grade book after the first unit MY SCHOOL, I will let kids design MY NEW SCHOOL, and do the English description.Primary English scalability operations management① train competent assistant. Select a group in the class work ability, English quality strong, there is a certain prestige of the students do little helper.②. Using developmental evaluation methods. For example, for students to create and build a display platform, set in the class “English Corner “for English performances .Chapter IV Results and DiscussionSection Student Survey and DiscussionSection student test scores change discussionsChapter V Conclusions and RecommendationsPrimary English first expand the operation method of operationSection II expansion of primary school English job application process problems and emergency measuresSection III study limitationsVI. References1 of Underwater compulsory English curriculum standards( 2011 edition ) Hubei Education Press2 Howard Gardner Theories of Multiple Intelligences3 Ma Zhiling Multiple Intelligences Theory for English Teaching[J] Primary English Teaching and Research 2005 (3)4 Piaget, England Held Child Psychology [M] Commercial Press, 19865 Cheng Xiaotang, 2002, Analysis and design of English teaching materials, Beijing, China Radio and Television Press6 English homework layout techniques designed Chan Tat Chan Primary School Teaching7 junior jobs Jinpeng new curriculum concept model [J]. Primary and secondary teaching and research, 2006 (10)8 Pan Wenying Elementary English openness job design [J] Primary Teaching and Research, 2006 (2)10 He Canying language homework daily life trying [J] Primary School Teaching Research, 2005 (2)11 Mountain Kat, 2003, “high school English homework configuration qualitative and quantitative research",”Basic Education ForeignLanguage Teaching and Research “, 200312 Ni Xuhong , 2004, the "creative homework expand students' self- development space ", " primary and secondary school English teaching and research" , 2004 /113 Luling Huan, 2004, “the reform of elementary school English homework " , "primary and secondary teaching and research", 2004/ 414 Sui Ming Choi, 2001. “English teaching theory" , Guilin , Guangxi Education Press15 Wang Qiang editor, 2003, “Primary English Teaching Guide" , Higher Education Press16 Sheng Yanping , 2003, "Reform homework , extended task-based classroom teaching", " school English teaching and research" , 2003/ 6 17 Zhu Liping , 2005 , " penetrate new curriculum ideas , changing operating mode", " primary and secondary school English teaching and research" , 2005 /118 Zhou Xiaoyan , 2005 , " English homework reform and innovation", " school English teaching and research" , 2005 /119 Chinese Education Society of Professional Committee of Foreign Language Teaching organization Programme , 2003, " New Curriculum design innovative teaching English in primary schools ," Changchun: Northeast Normal University Press20. Wu Qinglin editor, 2003, "educational psychology ", Shanghai, EastChina Normal University Press21 Zhang Qi , 1999, " learning theory", Wuhan: Hubei Education Press22 Yuan Zhenguo editors, 2005, "contemporary pedagogy”,Beijing: Science Education Press23 High School Building rethink the design and evaluation of high school English homework, school foreign language teaching, 2001 (5)24. Beam Renlong . Allocation of junior high school homework. Teaching and management .2001 (5) ,25. Guo Liping , " school textbooks teaching " 2004 fourth ( for a primary school )26 Luo Wenming . Teaching, "Teacher new co ncept” [J] Job comments on the charm27 in English Teaching research study in some of the attempts [J] Primary English Teaching and Research 2006 (10)28 Wang Tan and implementation of the concept of cooperative learning [M]. China Personnel Press, 200229 Liu Guorong interpret the new curriculum [M] 200430. GUO Yujuan how to design practical and wonderful English homework "Teaching Jingwei in English”31. Rong Min design diversity jobs and promoting effective development of science and technology students Wenhui 2008 (10)32 Zhu Liping , 2005 , " penetrate new curriculum ideas , changingoperating mode", " primary and secondary school English teaching and research" , 2005 /133 Zhou Xiaoyan , 2005 , " English homework reform and innovation", " school English teaching and research" , 2005 /134 Chinese Education Society of Professional Committee of Foreign Language Teaching organization Programme , 2003, " New Curriculum design innovative teaching English in primary schools ," Changchun: Northeast Normal University Press35 Wu Qinglin editors, 2003, "educational psychology ", Shanghai, East China Normal University Press36 Zhang Qi , 1999, " learning theory", Wuhan: Hubei Education Press37 Yuan Zhenguo editor, 2005, "contemporary pedagogy”, Beijing : Science Education Press38 Bin Liu Qiang homework project oriented [J] Primary English Teaching and Research, 2005 (3)39 Preservice , Luo Xiaojie layout and marking English homework effective strategy [J] Primary English Teaching and Research , 2006 ( 2 )40 Zhenyu Child Psychology [M] Jiangsu Education Press, 200041 Mary English late war attempts to read job [J] Primary School Teaching Research, 2005 (11)42 Yang Liangbin activation using Multiple Intelligences Theory [J] elementary school English classroom teaching and research, 2005 (1)。
《医学检验开题报告：临床医学检验的发展及应用探究3000字》
3.观点创新：本研究认为医学检验技术不仅关系到临床对于病人病情的诊断，还关乎到医院工作质量和对病人生命安全，医学应用工作检测技术的进展主要是依赖于现代科学技术的应用。
毕业论文（设计）进度计划
建议按选题酝酿、文献检索、提纲设计、开题报告、初稿、二稿、查重、定稿等进度（非限定式）开展。
2022年4月10日-2022年6月10日，完成选题酝酿
开题报告
教学点名称
姓 名
专 业
医学检验
学 号
指导教师姓名
专 业
职 称
毕业论文（设计）题目
临床医学检验的发展及应用研究
（一）选题的意义
1.当前对现代病症进行临床检查处理时需要需要临床医生进行早期诊断，而医学检验是早期诊断的重要方式，其正确的检验结合、检验速度都为病人的诊断争取了更多的时机，从而实现病人疾病临床诊治水平的提升。通过检验中临床应用医疗的重要性加以分析,故在临床医疗工作检测的课程也由此而产生出来,对现代医学检测中的医疗临床技术现象以及发展趋势方向加以全面认识,这才能持续有效的对临床医疗工作检测课程加以充实,且还可以对治疗临床医学本身的知识结构不断加以充实,从而有效加快提高临床医疗工作检查的教学质量。
《幼儿园常规教育问题及优化对策开题报告含提纲1900字》
一、研究方法
第一，文献研究法：查阅书籍资料，同时利用网络等渠道收集相关的文献资料，主要包括学前教育理论、幼儿园日常管理、幼儿园常规教育、幼儿园教育的现状及策略等方面，为研究提供理论依据。
第二，问卷调查法：笔者根据研究的内容制定了详细的调查问卷，内容主要包括老师的教学水平、常规教学内容和方法、教学效果以及改进措施等方面。
二、研究意义
（一）理论意义
当前关于幼儿园常规教育的研究并不是很多，相关研究大部分都是简单的进行分析，或者对幼儿园教育的一个方面进行分析。本文对幼儿园常规教育进行系统的分析，可以为其研究提供一定的参考。
（二）实践意义
目前大多数幼儿园中班教师素养欠缺，比如在教学中教师没有先利用常规帮助幼儿做好准备，这样不利于培养幼儿学习常规的兴趣，也不利于幼儿的身心健康。在一些音乐活动中，教师没有教幼儿如何拿乐器，就让幼儿自由发挥，这样很容易使幼儿受伤或乐器损坏。久而久之，教师不喜欢组织幼儿活动，幼儿对活动也失去兴趣。所以，教师培养幼儿具有良好的活动常规并让幼儿积极的遵守是非常重要的。
（二）国内外研究现状
1. 国外研究现状
国内外对幼儿园教育做了大量的研究：Hunter（2019）是当代美国著名教育家，他认为幼儿教育的实施受教师理论理解深度、实践教学能力、学校课堂条件和儿童发展水平的影响。
2. 国内研究现状
李倩2019年发表的《浅谈游戏在幼儿园课程中的利用》论文中，认为幼儿游戏互动是幼儿成长不可缺少的一环，幼儿园教学需要重视老师和幼儿的交流。徐浩、张倩倩在2019年共同发表的《渝东北地区农村幼儿园课程资源开发现状分析》期刊中，认为如今幼儿园教师对课程资源开发的存在诸多问题，如幼儿园教师专业能力不足，开发内容较为浅层、缺乏系统性等。肖幸在2019年在调查中发现，幼儿园的教师大部分都会按照本幼儿园的教育大纲走，增长知识是必要的，但是同时也扼杀了幼儿的创造力、想象力。幼儿教师在平常的生活中应该善于观察并可适当记录幼儿的言行举止，不要突然去打断幼儿游戏的环节，尊重幼儿的天性；教师要学会与幼儿交流、学通，耐心听取幼儿的见解，聆听来自幼儿内心的心声。
吉林财经大学开题报告
CHAPTER 06
研究预期成果与价值
研究预期成果
论文发表
通过研究，作者计划在国内外 学术期刊上发表高质量的论文
，展示研究成果。
政策建议
研究结果将为政府和企业提供 有针对性的政策建议，推动经 济发展和社会进步。
学术交流
通过参加学术会议和研讨会， 与国内外学者进行深入交流， 提高研究水平和知名度。
吉林财经大学毕业生 的平均薪资高于国内 其他财经类高校。
CHAPTER 04
文献综述与现状分析
文献综述
国内外研究进展
研究热点和趋势
研究问题与目的
总结吉林财经大学近年来在相 关领域的研究成果，以及国内 外学者在学术期刊、会议论文 等上发表的代表性研究成果， 阐述这些文献对领域发展的贡 献和不足之处。
研究框架
01
研究总体框架
介绍本研究的总体框架，包括研 究内容、研究方法、时间安排等
。
03
风险评估与应对策略
评估本研究可能面临的风险和挑 战，并提出相应的应对策略。
02
研究进度计划
详细介绍本研究的具体进度计划 ，包括每个阶段的研究内容、时
间安排和预期成果等。
04
研究团队组成与分工
介绍研究团队的组成和分工情况 ，以确保研究工作的顺利进行。
[ 感谢观看 ]
明确本研究的研究目的，以及 拟解决的关键问题。
研究创新点
阐述本研究的创新点，以及与 前人研究相比的独特之处。
背景介绍
介绍研究课题的背景信息，包 括该领域的现状、前人研究进 展以及研究意义等。
研究方法
详细介绍本研究的研究方法， 包括数据采集和分析方法、实 验设计等。
研究价值与意义
合肥市教育局关于公布2020年度合肥市教育信息技术研究课题立项的通知
合肥市教育局关于公布2020年度合肥市教育信息技术研究课题立项的通知文章属性•【制定机关】合肥市教育局•【公布日期】2020.09.10•【字号】合教秘〔2020〕111号•【施行日期】2020.09.10•【效力等级】地方规范性文件•【时效性】现行有效•【主题分类】教育信息化正文合肥市教育局关于公布2020年度合肥市教育信息技术研究课题立项的通知各县（市）区教育主管部门，各市管学校：根据市教育局《关于组织申报安徽省和合肥市教育信息技术研究2020年度课题工作的通知》要求，在各县（市）区、市管学校推荐申报的基础上，经专家组审核，推荐申报了36项省级教育信息技术研究课题，并确定80项为2020年度市教育信息技术研究课题，现予以公布。
请各单位高度重视，督促并指导各课题组做好以下工作：一、各课题组尽快制定详实的课题实施方案，在三个月内组织开题，并将课题实施方案和开题报告报送到县（市）区教育信息技术研究课题管理部门，集中后报市装备电教中心。
二、各课题组严格按照《安徽省教育信息技术研究课题管理办法(试行)》和《关于加强合肥市教育信息技术研究课题管理的意见》的要求，认真开展课题研究，严格过程管理，确保课题研究取得预期成效。
课题承担单位要做好课题研究的时间、经费等各项研究条件的保障工作。
三、各课题组要按照申报的研究时间完成课题研究。
因特殊原因不能按时完成的，必须在结题期限的3个月前向市装备电教中心提出书面延期申请，经批准后方可延期，只能延期一次，延期时间不超过1年。
逾期不能完成课题研究任务，撤销立项，其课题负责人在三年内不得再申报教育信息技术研究课题。
各县（市）区教育信息技术研究课题管理部门负责对所属范围内的市级立项课题实施日常管理和指导，积极参与课题单位的研究工作，组织教育信息技术研究课题专家对研究的关键环节进行指导。
联系人：郭老师，电话：63505180，E-mail:CLOUDY70＠。
附件：2020年度合肥市教育信息技术研究立项课题一览表合肥市教育局2020年9月10日附件2020年度合肥市教育信息技术研究立项课题一览表。
论文开题报告运河谣
雷佳之于歌剧《运河谣》演唱分析开题报告一、选题的依据和意义（一）选题依据雷佳是当代中国民族声乐表演艺术的领军人物。
其不仅在民族声乐作品的演唱上达到了炉火纯青的地步，同时也在中外歌剧舞台上大放异彩。
由她主演的《运河谣》是国家大剧院集体创作的第一部原创民族歌剧。
该剧无论是编剧、导演，还是表演、舞美等诸多方面，凝结多位名家之力，精雕细琢，堪称杰作。
雷佳，作为剧中一号人物，其精湛的演唱技巧、恰到好处的肢体语言，把女主人公“水红莲”的形象演绎的生动而鲜活。
雷佳的表演不仅打动了我、感染了我，更是走进亿万观众的心里。
作为一名声乐学习者，理应追随优秀高人的脚步，聆听她的歌声，学习她的技艺，感悟她的精神，进而努力探寻艺术的真谛！（二）选题意义雷佳作为新时代民族声乐的集中代表，无论是研究她的歌唱技术，还是探究其塑造的艺术形象，不仅有着较高的理论意义，而且具有重要的实践价值。
第一，通过民族歌剧《运河谣》这部作品，力争对歌唱家雷佳的演唱风格、审美意蕴进行总结与阐释，进而探寻其歌唱艺术的成功经验。
第二，通过对雷佳演绎的歌剧《运河谣》中经典唱段的分析，不仅能够展示歌唱家的艺术风采，而且有利于揭示精湛技艺背后的人文精神。
第三，通过对雷佳演唱个案的分析研究，力求能对包括自己在内的民族声乐学习或爱好者提供某些经验或启示，继而为我们未来的声乐学习和教学给予相关指导。
二、国内外有关本选题研究的动态《运河谣》自首演成功以来，备受学界关注与研究。
根据目前知网搜索的结果来看，相关研究主要散见于学术期刊、硕士论文以及报纸三种资源类型上。
为陈述方便，现将前人相关研究分为三个方面：1.关于《运河谣》创新性与艺术性之整体研究王晓霞《传与统的融合——歌剧<运河谣>中的本土风格透视》认为：“作品优美的旋律、跌宕起伏的剧情、写意的视觉，以及融合了东西方特色的创排手法，为中国乃至世界观众奉上了一席精美的视听盛宴。
在西方中心主义、文化帝国主义甚嚣尘上，许多东方民族本身具有的文化积淀湮没于‘西流’之中的背景下，以本土性风格审视为切入，可以发现，《运河谣》以史诗性的审美视角和朴实、清新的风格特征，将民族精神溶于作品的艺术创作，向人们展示出美好而真实的心灵以及深厚的运河文化，也体现了在民族化进程中我国歌剧探索的新成就。
孙振威开题报告
开题报告保水剂对马铃薯产量及土壤生物学特性的影响学院：农学院专业：10级农学一班姓名：孙振威学号：100214513指导教师：李倩提交日期：二Ο一三年五月十五日1 引言1.1全区年平均降水量及四季降水量1981至2010年间，内蒙古年平均降水量总体上呈波动中缓慢下降趋势但下降趋势并不显著。
30年平均降水量为239.1 mm降水变化倾向率为-13.8mm/10a。
由年代变化看，20世纪80年平均降水量为248.4mm，90年代为相对丰水期平均降水量达251.4mm。
进入21世纪后，全区降水量呈明显的下降趋势。
1998年为降水量最多的年份，为359.8mm，2001年为最低，1981至1998年间降水量呈增加趋势，到1998年累积距平达最大值，1999至2010年降水量以减少为主，积距平变化呈波动中下降趋势[1]。
1.2资源短缺对我国农业生产的影响水是人类生活和生产活动不可缺少的重要资源，是经济社会可持续发展的基础，也是作物生长和提供农产品的先决条件。
水资源日益紧缺已经对我国经济社会发展构成了严重威胁,甚至成为经济社会发展的“瓶颈”;另一方面，我国水资源利用率不高，生产效率不足1.0kg/m3水资源浪费严重[2]。
特别是到21世纪以来，气候的全球性恶化所导致的水资源缺乏愈来愈严重，对粮食生产造成直接的威胁[3]。
近些年来,我国持续干旱,工农业用水严重不足,加上地下水过度开采,使得水缺乏问题在农业生产中变得更加突出.进入20世纪90年代以来,全国平均受旱面积近3000万hm2.每年因干旱减产粮食100~200亿kg,直接经济损失达100~200亿元[4]. 干旱缺水成为制约经济发展一个重要因素，在世界范围内，由于干旱胁迫所造成的减产可能要超过其素所导致的产量损失的总和[5]。
即使在非干旱的农业区，气候性干旱也对作产带来很大的危害，这在华北地区的农业生产表现的特别明显。
以内蒙古为例，水资源贫乏，生态环境恶化，植被破坏，导致水土流失严重、荒漠化加剧，严重制约着当地生态环境的改善和经济的发展，尤其是干旱持续对粮食生产负面影响较大，是降低产量的主要因子[6]。
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麦肯齐1987年在《人类社区研究的生态学方法》把社区作为一种空间现象来研究，人生存在一定的生活环境中，这种生活环境就是社区，人类社区的规模和稳定程度，同其食料来源以及其相关地区内生活必需品的生产与分配的生态学过程有密切联系。沃伦在《美国社区》研究中提出社区研究的两个思路：一是横向系统即地区水平上的单位联系；二是纵向系统即社区之上的功能关系。桑德斯在《社区论》一书中提出了三种社区研究的模式，即社会体系论、社会冲突论、社会场域论。新古典经济学的创始人马歇尔在其《经济学原理》一书中阐述其分配理论时，对社会保障的几个基本问题做出了一些阐述，其思想要点主要是论述改革收入分配以增进社会福利，以及对贫穷者的救济问题。20世纪初，英国费边主义者韦伯夫妇设计了“福利国家”的蓝图，主张通过资产阶级议会，对贫民和失业者实行救济。1941年，由英国学者贝弗里奇主持起草的向英国政府提交的《社会保险及相关服务》研究报告，对英国乃至西方各国的社会福利制度产生了巨大的影响，在此基础形成福利国家论社区何以建成——以河南卫辉市A村为个案[D].武汉：华
中师范大学，2012.
[14]刘君.农村社区建设问题究[D].成都：四川大学，2007.
五、毕业设计（论文）进度安排（按周说明）
第07~08周查阅相关文献，选择研究题目，完成开题报告
第08~10周收集资料写论文，完成中期报告
河南理工大学万方科技学院
本科毕业设计（论文）开题报告
题目名称
CG新型社区的社会保障问题研究
学生姓名
李倩
专业班级
人力12升1班
学号
1217253012
一、选题的目的和意义：
随着新型社区的提出，河南为了改变如今农村现状，大力鼓励各乡镇致力于新型社区的建设中，加快城乡一体化的步伐。作为CG镇所在县始终坚持统筹城乡、关注民生，致力于加快全县社会主义新农村建设，成为河南省首批建设农村新型社区的成功典范之一。而随着新型社区的建立，问题也随之而来。“民生”是中国各项工作开展的重中之重，然而长期以来，由于受城乡二元体制制约，社会保障制度主要面向城市居民，适应新变化的农村社会保障体系迟迟未能建立。我国是农业大国，农村社会保障制度是我国社会保障制度不可或缺的组成部分，而新农村建设所引发的农村经济和社会结构的变化，必将对农村社会保障研究提出新的挑战。
第10~12周交初稿，完成整体设计
第12~13周返稿、修改、定稿
第13~14周论文装订，准备答辩
六、指导教师审批意见：
指导教师：（签名）
年月日
三、毕业设计（论文）所用的主要技术与方法：
本文主要是对CG新型社区中社会保障问题的研究，在这过程中主要采用了问卷调查法和文献法，通过抽样调查的方式向CG社区40家庭发放调查问卷，并通过对居民的深入走访，通过对社区的所闻所见，根据调查结果，分析总结社区保障问题；通过学校图书馆以及网络等渠道，搜集与论文相关的文献，通过阅读，形成自己的见解，并扩大知识储备量。
余素芳2006年在《社会主义新农村建设中的农村社区组织建设》研究认为农村社区组织建设是社会主义新农村建设的重要内容和组织保证，应重点加强对村民委员会、农村社区经济组织、农村社区科技文化组织和农村社区保障组织培育。毕于建2011年在《城乡统筹视野下合村并点的新型农村社区组织建设》研究提出要加强合村并点新型农村社区组织建设，具体的包括加快社区基层组织建设、构建农村社区服务组织体系、健全社区文化服务组织和救助机构、完善社区经济管理组织、健全社区安保组织等五个方面。高强2006年在《高强.新农村公共服务新型社区平台的探索———新型农村社区“内源式”和“外推式”的建构模式分析》从新型农村社区的“内源式”和“外推式”模式建构出发，指出内源式的新型农村社区建设主要强调内在潜力激发，是一种由内及外的发展需求引导的模式。王惠平2011年在《建设新型农村社区是推进城乡一体化的有效切入点》对河南、山东、湖北、江苏、内蒙古等新型农村社区改革试点进行调研的基础上，从宏观上总结了新型农村社区的六种建设模式。刘峘2007在《合作化思想下的新型农村社区规划模式探讨》具体的以河南省新乡市龙泉村社区为例，提出了以集体组织为核心的农村社区合作化整体开发模式：发挥集体组织的公共职能、村民参与和规划指导相结合、建设规模与结构完整相协调以及公共活动空间和基础设施统一规划。田中文认为，目前中国农村社会保障制度建设和发展存在一些深层次的问题，主要表现：在农村“五保户”供养制度、合作医疗制度呈现“历史断层”，农村社会保障缺乏制度化，社会保障体系的建立与发展严重滞后于工业化、城市化建设与发展进程，传统的“土地保障”方式严重妨碍农村的现代化，“养儿防老、积谷防饥”的家庭式保障模式已无法适应经济发展的要求，因此，迫切需要建立和完善新型的、符合农村实际的设计保障体系。郑功成认为，农民中的绝大数客观上已经走上了非农化、城镇化的不归之路，并且必然会因各种生活风险和平等意识的觉醒而提出相应的社会保障诉求。政府不能以对农村居民没有承诺为借口拒绝建立相应的社会保障制度，事实上，国家财力的快速增长表明政府的承受能力在增强，以财力不足作为不考虑农民与农民工的社会保障的理由越来越不充分。
在全面贯彻科学发展观，构建和谐社会，推进新农村建设的新形势下，加快推进农村社会保障体系建设，是政府和社会的共同责任，对于调节贫富差距、促进社会公平，扩大内需、拉动经济增长，解决“三农”问题，降低社会风险、维护社会稳定，应对人口老龄化挑战，推动计划生育基本国策的落实等都具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。随着农村新型社区的建立，即使农民生活环境的改善，没有一套完善的社会保障制度，依然无法真正实现城乡一体化，而农村新型社区保障制度的完善是农村城镇化的进步。它表明国家对农村重视程度的提高,对社会发展的认识达到新的高度。新型社区建立社会保障制度对社会发展具有重要意义。建立社会保障制度可以体现社会主义制度优越性，可以体现中华民族互助互济的优良道德传统，有利于维护社会稳定，还可以促进社会发展，能够促进农村经济的发展乃至国民经济的发展。随着农村改革的深入和经济的发展，建立与完善农村社会保障制度，对构建和谐社会，加快我国社会保障制度建设，完善社会主义市场经济体制，促进农村经济可持续发展，具有十分重要的意义。
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