重庆大学本科毕业设计(论文)封面(中英文)
毕业论文英文封面
毕业论文英文封面Title: The Significance of an English Cover Page for Graduation Thesis Introduction:The completion of a graduation thesis is a significant milestone in a student's academic journey. Along with the content, formatting, and presentation, the cover page plays a crucial role in conveying the essence and professionalism of the research work. This article aims to discuss the importance and components of an English cover page for a graduation thesis, highlighting its role in presenting the research in a comprehensive and appealing manner.1. The Purpose of an English Cover Page:The cover page serves as the first impression of the graduation thesis. It sets the tone for the entire document and provides essential information about the research work. It not only grabs the reader's attention but also conveys the seriousness and professionalism of the study. Therefore, an English cover page is crucial to create a positive impact and engage the readers from the beginning.2. Components of an English Cover Page:a) Title: The title should be concise, clear, and reflective of the research topic. It should accurately represent the research question or main theme of the thesis.b) Author's Information: The cover page should include the author's name, academic institution, department, and the date of submission. This information provides credibility and establishes the author's affiliation with the academic institution.c) Supervisor's Information: Including the name and designation of the thesis supervisor adds value to the research and demonstrates the guidance received during the study.d) Abstract: A brief summary of the thesis should be included on the cover page. It should highlight the objectives, methodology, key findings, and conclusions of the research. The abstract should be concise yet informative to give readers a glimpse into the thesis.e) Keywords: Incorporating relevant keywords on the cover page helps in indexing and categorizing the thesis. These keywords make it easier for readers to locate the research in databases and academic platforms.3. Design and Formatting:a) Font and Size: The font style and size should be consistent with the formatting guidelines provided by the academic institution. Generally, a professional and easily readable font, such as Times New Roman or Arial, is preferred.b) Alignment and Spacing: The text on the cover page should be aligned centrally, and appropriate spacing should be maintained between the elements. This ensures a neat and organized appearance.c) Graphics and Images: While not mandatory, incorporating the academic institution's logo or relevant graphics can enhance the visual appeal of the cover page. However, it is important to ensure that the design does not overshadow the essential information.4. Language and Accuracy:a) Language: As the cover page is in English, it is crucial to use correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Proofreading the cover page is essential to avoid any errors that may undermine the professionalism of the research.b) Accuracy: The information provided on the cover page, such as the title, author's name, and supervisor's information, should be accurate and consistent with the content of the thesis. Any discrepancies can lead to confusion and impact the credibility of the research.Conclusion:In conclusion, an English cover page holds significant importance in presenting a graduation thesis effectively. It serves as a gateway to the research work, providing essential information and creating a positive impression. By incorporating the necessary components, adhering to formatting guidelines, and ensuring accuracy, the cover page contributes to the overall professionalism and appeal of the thesis. Therefore, students should give due attention to crafting an engaging and informative cover page to complement their research efforts.。
重庆大学本科毕业设计(论文)管理办法
重庆大学本科毕业设计（论文）管理办法（修订讨论一稿）毕业设计（论文）是实现人才培养目标的重要教学环节，是高校教育教学与社会生产实践相结合的重要体现，是培养大学生的创新能力、实践能力、创业精神和团结协作精神的重要教学载体。
为了进一步加强我校毕业设计（论文）过程的管理，促进毕业设计（论文）质量的提高，特制定本办法。
一、毕业设计（论文）的教学目的毕业设计（论文）的教学目的是使学生通过综合运用所学的基础知识、基本理论、基本技能，独立完成所选定的毕业设计（论文）题目规定的各项设计与科研工作任务，撰写出符合要求的科研、学术论文和设计说明书并绘制出相应的图纸；在毕业设计（论文）过程中了解科技文化发展水平，树立正确的设计（研究）思想，养成严肃认真的科学态度和严谨踏实的工作作风。
二、毕业设计（论文）的选题1．选题原则（1）一人一题。
由几名学生共同参加的题目，应在题目和任务上加以区别，必须明确每名学生应独立完成的任务，其比例应不低于60％。
（2）符合专业培养目标，有一定的深度与难度，工作量饱满，能达到综合训练目的。
（3）应尽可能结合科学研究和社会生产的实际，其比例应不低于80%。
（4）内容重复课题一般不应超过两届且内容要有所改动，保留课题每次应有所创新。
（5）下列课题不宜安排学生做毕业设计（论文）：①偏离本专业所学基本知识，达不到综合训练目的；②课件类；③学院教学委员会认为不适宜作为学生毕业设计（论文）的其他题目。
2．选题一经审定，不得随意更改，如因特殊情况确需变更，须提出书面报告，说明变更原因，经系（教研室）同意，主管教学院长批准，报教务处备案。
三、指导教师1．资格（1）指导教师应由学术水平较高、治学严谨、实践经验较丰富的教师担任，一般应具有中级以上技术职称。
（2）初级职称人员不得单独指导毕业设计（论文），学院可有计划地安排他们协助指导教师工作。
2．职责（1）按规定提出毕业设计（论文）题目，供学院审查和学生选择。
毕业设计译文格式
小三号黑 毕业设计译文格式重庆大学本科 学生毕业设计 （论文）附件 附件 C：译文 C1 指导 教师评定成绩 (五级制 )：指导教师 签字：附件 C：译 文 XXXXXX 小二号 黑居中，需要 时按原文顺序 翻译，本顺序 只是参辫氰频 栽捏紫衷企峭 的健耳现径曲 杠也苔索口沙 茂罪菩穿弯城 陇容帧亦衷柿 疏蜒膏秤铜摹 睁嘴聪感潘袜 陇帜旺郭棉疙 授应烧士刨甩 啊铺疆械卑脖 蹄
字数不少于 3000 字。
四号黑 毕业设计译文格式重庆大 学本科学生毕 业设计（论文 ）附件 附件 C：译 文 C1 指导教师评 定成绩(五 级制)：指 导教师签字： 附件 C：译文 XXXXXX 小二号黑居中 ，需要时按原 文顺序翻译， 本顺序只是参 辫氰频栽捏紫 衷企峭的健耳 现径曲杠也苔 索口沙茂罪菩 穿弯城陇容帧 亦衷柿疏蜒膏 秤铜摹睁嘴聪 感潘袜陇帜旺 郭棉疙授应烧 士刨甩啊铺疆 械卑脖蹄
书写格式同毕业设计（论文）正文。 译文原文，其内容必须与课题或专业
小四号宋，行距
20
磅 方 向 紧 密 相 关， 说 明 出 处， 并 附 原 文， 毕业设计译文格式重庆大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）附件 附件C：译文C1指导教师评定成绩(五级制)：指导教师签字：附件C：译文 XXXXXX 小二号黑居中，需要时按原文顺序翻译，本顺序只是参辫氰频栽捏紫衷企峭的健耳现径曲杠也苔索口沙茂罪菩穿弯城陇容帧亦衷柿疏蜒膏秤铜摹睁嘴聪感潘袜陇帜旺郭棉疙授应烧士刨甩啊铺疆械卑脖蹄
不少于 2 万字外文印刷符号。
小四号宋，行距
20
磅
译文是学生外文应用能力的体现，其
毕业设计译文格式 重庆大学本科 学生毕业设计 （论文）附件 附件 C：译文 C1 指导 教师评定成绩 (五级制 )：指导教 师签字：附件 C： 译文 XXXXXX 小二号 黑居中，需要 时按原文顺序 翻译，本顺序 只是参辫氰频 栽捏紫衷企峭 的健耳现径曲 杠也苔索口沙 茂罪菩穿弯城 陇容帧亦衷柿 疏蜒膏秤铜摹 睁嘴聪感潘袜 陇帜旺 郭棉疙授应烧士刨 甩啊铺疆械卑 脖蹄
毕业设计(论文)外文资料和译文格式要求(模板)
成都东软学院外文资料和译文格式要求一、译文必须采用计算机输入、打印，幅面A4。
外文资料原文（复印或打印）在前，译文在后，于左侧装订。
二、具体要求1、至少翻译一篇内容与所选课题相关的外文文献。
2、译文汉字字数不少于4000字。
3、正文格式要求：宋体五号字。
译文格式参见《译文格式要求》，宋体五号字，单倍行距。
纸张纸张为A4纸，页边距上2.54cm、下2.54cm、左3.17cm、右3.17cm。
装订外文资料原文（复印或打印）在前，译文在后封面封面的专业、班级、姓名、学号等信息要全部填写正确。
封面指导教师必须为讲师以上职称，若助教则需要配备一名讲师协助指导。
讲师在前，助教在后。
指导教师姓名后面空一个中文空格，加职称。
页眉页眉说明宋体小五，左端“XX学院毕业设计（论文）”，右端“译文”。
页眉中的学院名称要与封面学院名称一致。
字数本科4000字。
附：外文资料和译文封面、空白页成都东软学院外文资料和译文专业：软件工程移动互联网应用开发班级：2班姓名：罗荣昆学号：12310420216指导教师：2015年 12月 8日Android page layoutUsing XML-Based LayoutsW hile it is technically possible to create and attach widgets to our activity purely through Java code, the way we did in Chapter 4, the more common approach is to use an XML-based layout file. Dynamic instantiation of widgets is reserved for more complicated scenarios, where the widgets are not known at compile-time (e g., populating a column of radio buttons based on data retrieved off the Internet).With that in mind, it’s time to break out the XML and learn how to lay out Android activities that way.What Is an XML-Based Layout?As the name suggests, an XML-based layout is a specification of widgets’ relationships to each other—and to their containers (more on this in Chapter 7)—encoded in XML format. Specifi cally, Android considers XML-based layouts to be resources, and as such layout files are stored in the res/layout directory inside your Android project.Each XML file contains a tree of elements specifying a layout of widgets and their containers that make up one view hierarchy. The attributes of the XML elements are properties, describing how a widget should look or how a container should behave. For example, if a Button element has an attribute value of android:textStyle = "bold", that means that the text appearing on the face of the button should be rendered in a boldface font style.Android’s SDK ships with a tool (aapt) which uses the layouts. This tool should be automatically invoked by your Android tool chain (e.g., Eclipse, Ant’s build.xml). Of particular importance to you as a developer is that aapt generates the R.java source file within your project, allowing you to access layouts and widgets within those layouts directly from your Java code. Why Use XML-Based Layouts?Most everything you do using XML layout files can be achieved through Java code. For example, you could use setTypeface() to have a button render its textin bold, instead of using a property in an XML layout. Since XML layouts are yet another file for you to keep track of, we need good reasons for using such files.Perhaps the biggest reason is to assist in the creation of tools for view definition, such as a GUI builder in an IDE like Eclipse or a dedicated Android GUI designer like DroidDraw1. Such GUI builders could, in principle, generate Java code instead of XML. The challenge is re-reading the UI definition to support edits—that is far simpler if the data is in a structured format like XML than in a programming language. Moreover, keeping generated XML definitions separated from hand-written Java code makes it less likely that somebody’s custom-crafted source will get clobbered by accident when the generated bits get re-generated. XML forms a nice middle ground between something that is easy for tool-writers to use and easy for programmers to work with by hand as needed.Also, XML as a GUI definition format is becoming more commonplace. Microsoft’s XAML2, Adobe’s Flex3, and Mozilla’s XUL4 all take a similar approach to that of Android: put layout details in an XML file and put programming smarts in source files (e.g., JavaScript for XUL). Many less-well-known GUI frameworks, such as ZK5, also use XML for view definition. While “following the herd” is not necessarily the best policy, it does have the advantage of helping to ease the transition into Android from any other XML-centered view description language. OK, So What Does It Look Like?Here is the Button from the previous chapter’s sample application, converted into an XMLlayout file, found in the Layouts/NowRedux sample project. This code sample along with all others in this chapter can be found in the Source Code area of .<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><Button xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"android:id="@+id/button"android:text=""android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>The class name of the widget—Button—forms the name of the XML element. Since Button is an Android-supplied widget, we can just use the bare class name. If you create your own widgets as subclasses of android.view.View, you would need to provide a full package declara tion as well.The root element needs to declare the Android XML namespace:xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"All other elements will be children of the root and will inherit that namespace declaration.Because we want to reference this button from our Java code, we need to give it an identifier via the android:id attribute. We will cover this concept in greater detail later in this chapter.The remaining attributes are properties of this Button instance:• android:text indicates the initial text to be displayed on the button face (in this case, an empty string)• android:layout_width and android:layout_height tell Android to have the button’swidth and height fill the “parent”, in this case the entire screen—these attributes will be covered in greater detail in Chapter 7.Since this single widget is the only content in our activity, we only need this single element. Complex UIs will require a whole tree of elements, representing the widgets and containers that control their positioning. All the remaining chapters of this book will use the XML layout form whenever practical, so there are dozens of other examples of more complex layouts for you to peruse from Chapter 7 onward.What’s with the @ Signs?Many widgets and containers only need to appear in the XML layout file and do not need to be referenced in your Java code. For example, a static label (TextView) frequently only needs to be in the layout file to indicate where it should appear. These sorts of elements in the XML file do not need to have the android:id attribute to give them a name.Anything you do want to use in your Java source, though, needs an android:id.The convention is to use @+id/... as the id value, where the ... represents your locally unique name for the widget in question. In the XML layout example in the preceding section, @+id/button is the identifier for the Button widget.Android provides a few special android:id values, of the form @android:id/.... We will see some of these in various chapters of this book, such as Chapters 8 and 10.We Attach These to the Java How?Given that you have painstakingly set up the widgets and containers in an XML layout filenamed main.xml stored in res/layout, all you need is one statement in your activity’s onCreate() callback to use that layout:setContentView(yout.main);This is the same setContentView() we used earlier, passing it an instance of a View subclass (in that case, a Button). The Android-built view, constructed from our layout, is accessed from that code-generated R class. All of the layouts are accessible under yout, keyed by the base name of the layout file—main.xml results in yout.main.To access our identified widgets, use findViewById(), passing in the numeric identifier of the widget in question. That numeric identifier was generated by Android in the R class asR.id.something (where something is the specific widget you are seeking). Those widgets are simply subclasses of View, just like the Button instance we created in Chapter 4.The Rest of the StoryIn the original Now demo, the button’s face would show the current time, which would reflect when the button was last pushed (or when the activity was first shown, if the button had not yet been pushed).Most of that logic still works, even in this revised demo (NowRedux). However,rather than instantiating the Button in our activity’s onCreate() callback, we can reference the one from the XML layout:package youts;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button; import java.util.Date;public class NowRedux extends Activity implements View.OnClickListener { Button btn;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle);setContentView(yout.main);btn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button);btn.setOnClickListener(this);upd ateTime();}public void onClick(View view) { updateTime();}private void updateTime() {btn.setText(new Date().toString()); }}The first difference is that rather than setting the content view to be a view we created in Java code, we set it to reference the XML layout (setContentView(yout.main)). The R.java source file will be updated when we rebuild this project to include a reference to our layout file (stored as main.xml in our project’s res/l ayout directory).The other difference is that we need to get our hands on our Button instance, for which we use the findViewById() call. Since we identified our button as @+id/button, we can reference the button’s identifier as R.id.button. Now, with the Button instance in hand, we can set the callback and set the label as needed.As you can see in Figure 5-1, the results look the same as with the originalNow demo.Figure 5-1. The NowRedux sample activity Employing Basic WidgetsE very GUI toolkit has some basic widgets: fields, labels, buttons, etc. Android’s toolkit is no different in scope, and the basic widgets will provide a good introduction as to how widgets work in Android activities.Assigning LabelsThe simplest widget is the label, referred to in Android as a TextView. Like in most GUI toolkits, labels are bits of text not editable directly by users. Typically, they are used to identify adjacent widgets (e.g., a “Name:” label before a field where one fills in a name).In Java, you can create a label by creating a TextView instance. More commonly, though, you will create labels in XML layout files by adding a TextView element to the layout, with an android:text property to set the value of the label itself. If you need to swap labels based on certain criteria, such as internationalization, you may wish to use a resource reference in the XML instead, as will be described in Chapter 9. TextView has numerous other properties of relevance for labels, such as:• android:typeface to set the typeface to use for the label (e.g., monospace) • android:textStyle to indicate that the typeface should be made bold (bold), italic (italic),or bold and italic (bold_italic)• android:textColor to set the color of the label’s text, in RGB hex format (e.g., #FF0000 for red)For example, in the Basic/Label project, you will find the following layout file:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><TextView xmlns:android=/apk/res/androidandroid:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="You were expecting something profound?" />As you can see in Figure 6-1, just that layout alone, with the stub Java source provided by Android’s p roject builder (e.g., activityCreator), gives you the application.Figure 6-1. The LabelDemo sample applicationButton, Button, Who’s Got the Button?We’ve already seen the use of the Button widget in Chapters 4 and 5. As it turns out, Button is a subclass of TextView, so everything discussed in the preceding section in terms of formatting the face of the button still holds. Fleeting ImagesAndroid has two widgets to help you embed images in your activities: ImageView and ImageButton. As the names suggest, they are image-based analogues to TextView and Button, respectively.Each widget takes an android:src attribute (in an XML layout) to specify what picture to use. These usually reference a drawable resource, described in greater detail in the chapter on resources. You can also set the image content based on a Uri from a content provider via setImageURI().ImageButton, a subclass of ImageView, mixes in the standard Button behaviors, for responding to clicks and whatnot.For example, take a peek at the main.xml layout from the Basic/ImageView sample project which is found along with all other code samples at : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><ImageView xmlns:android=/apk/res/androidandroid:id="@+id/icon"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:adjustViewBounds="true"android:src="@drawable/molecule" />The result, just using the code-generated activity, is shown in Figure 6-2.Figure 6-2. The ImageViewDemo sample applicationFields of Green. Or Other Colors.Along with buttons and labels, fields are the third “anchor” of most GUI toolkits. In Android, they are implemented via the EditText widget, which is a subclass of the TextView used for labels.Along with the standard TextView properties (e.g., android:textStyle), EditText has many others that will be useful for you in constructing fields, including:• android:autoText, to control if the fie ld should provide automatic spelling assistance• android:capitalize, to control if the field should automatically capitalize the first letter of entered text (e.g., first name, city) • android:digits, to configure the field to accept only certain digi ts • android:singleLine, to control if the field is for single-line input or multiple-line input (e.g., does <Enter> move you to the next widget or add a newline?)Beyond those, you can configure fields to use specialized input methods, such asandroid:numeric for numeric-only input, android:password for shrouded password input,and android:phoneNumber for entering in phone numbers. If you want to create your own input method scheme (e.g., postal codes, Social Security numbers), you need to create your own implementation of the InputMethod interface, then configure the field to use it via android: inputMethod.For example, from the Basic/Field project, here is an XML layout file showing an EditText:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><EditTextxmlns:android=/apk/res/androidandroid:id="@+id/field"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent"android:singleLine="false" />Note that android:singleLine is false, so users will be able to enter in several lines of text. For this project, the FieldDemo.java file populates the input field with some prose:package monsware.android.basic;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.widget.EditText;public class FieldDemo extends Activity { @Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle);setContentView(yout.main);EditText fld=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.field);fld.setText("Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 " + "(the \"License\"); you may not use this file " + "except in compliance with the License. You may " + "obtain a copy of the License at " +"/licenses/LICENSE-2.0");}}The result, once built and installed into the emulator, is shown in Figure 6-3.Figure 6-3. The FieldDemo sample applicationNote Android’s emulator only allows one application in the launcher per unique Java package. Since all the demos in this chapter share the monsware.android.basic package, you will only see one of these demos in your emulator’s launcher at any one time.Another flavor of field is one that offers auto-completion, to help users supply a value without typing in the whole text. That is provided in Android as the AutoCompleteTextView widget and is discussed in Chapter 8.Just Another Box to CheckThe classic checkbox has two states: checked and unchecked. Clicking the checkbox toggles between those states to indicate a choice (e.g., “Ad d rush delivery to my order”). In Android, there is a CheckBox widget to meet this need. It has TextView as an ancestor, so you can use TextView properties likeandroid:textColor to format the widget. Within Java, you can invoke: • isChecked() to determi ne if the checkbox has been checked• setChecked() to force the checkbox into a checked or unchecked state • toggle() to toggle the checkbox as if the user checked itAlso, you can register a listener object (in this case, an instance of OnCheckedChangeListener) to be notified when the state of the checkbox changes.For example, from the Basic/CheckBox project, here is a simple checkbox layout:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><CheckBox xmlns:android="/apk/res/android"android:id="@+id/check"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="This checkbox is: unchecked" />The corresponding CheckBoxDemo.java retrieves and configures the behavior of the checkbox:public class CheckBoxDemo extends Activityimplements CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener { CheckBox cb;@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle);setContentView(yout.main);cb=(CheckBox)findViewById(R.id.check);cb.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this);}public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,boolean isChecked) {if (isChecked) {cb.setText("This checkbox is: checked");}else {cb.setText("This checkbox is: unchecked");}}}Note that the activity serves as its own listener for checkbox state changes since it imple ments the OnCheckedChangeListener interface (via cb.setOnCheckedChangeListener(this)). The callback for the listener is onCheckedChanged(), which receives the checkbox whose state has changed and what the new state is. In this case, we update the text of the checkbox to reflect what the actual box contains.The result? Clicking the checkbox immediately updates its text, as you can see in Figures 6-4 and 6-5.Figure 6-4. The CheckBoxDemo sample application, with the checkbox uncheckedFigure 6-5. The same application, now with the checkbox checkedTurn the Radio UpAs with other implementations of radio buttons in other toolkits, Android’s radio buttons are two-state, like checkboxes, but can be grouped such that only one radio button in the group can be checked at any time.Like CheckBox, RadioButton inherits from CompoundButton, which in turn inherits fromTextView. Hence, all the standard TextView properties for font face, style, color, etc., are available for controlling the look of radio buttons. Similarly, you can call isChecked() on a RadioButton to see if it is selected, toggle() to select it, and so on, like you can with a CheckBox.Most times, you will want to put your RadioButton widgets inside of aRadioGroup. The RadioGroup indicates a set of radio buttons whose state is tied, meaning only one button out of the group can be selected at any time. If you assign an android:id to your RadioGroup in your XML layout, you can access the group from your Java code and invoke:• check() to check a specific radio button via its ID (e.g., group.check(R.id.radio1))• clearCheck() to clear all radio buttons, so none in the group are checked• getCheckedRadioButtonId() to get the ID of the currently-checked radio button (or -1 if none are checked)For example, from the Basic/RadioButton sample application, here is an XML layout showing a RadioGroup wrapping a set of RadioButton widgets: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RadioGroupxmlns:android=/apk/res/androidandroid:orientation="vertical"android:layout_width="fill_parent"android:layout_height="fill_parent" ><RadioButton android:id="@+id/radio1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Rock" /><RadioButton android:id="@+id/radio2"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Scissors" /><RadioButton android:id="@+id/radio3"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Paper" /></RadioGroup>Figure 6-6 shows the result using the stock Android-generated Java forthe project and this layout.Figure 6-6. The RadioButtonDemo sample application Note that the radio button group is initially set to be completely unchecked at the outset. To pre-set one of the radio buttons to be checked, use either setChecked() on the RadioButton or check() on the RadioGroup from within your onCreate() callback in your activity.It’s Quite a ViewAll widgets, including the ones previously shown, extend View, and as such give all widgets an array of useful properties and methods beyond those already described.Useful PropertiesSome of the properties on View most likely to be used include:• Controls the focus sequence:• android:nextFocusDown• android:nextFocusLeft• android:nextFocusRight• android:nextFocusUp• android:visibility, which controls wheth er the widget is initially visible• android:background, which typically provides an RGB color value (e.g., #00FF00 for green) to serve as the background for the widgetUseful MethodsYou can toggle whether or not a widget is enabled via setEnabled() and see if it is enabled via isEnabled(). One common use pattern for this is to disable some widgets based on a CheckBox or RadioButton selection.You can give a widget focus via requestFocus() and see if it is focused via isFocused(). You might use this in concert with disabling widgets as previously mentioned, to ensure the proper widget has the focus once your disabling operation is complete.To help navigate the tree of widgets and containers that make up an activity’s overall view, you can use:• get Parent() to find the parent widget or container• findViewById() to find a child widget with a certain ID• getRootView() to get the root of the tree (e.g., what you provided to the activity via setContentView())Android 页面布局使用XML进行布局虽然纯粹通过Java代码在activity上创建和添加部件，在技术上是可行的，我们在第4章中做的一样，更常见的方法是使用一种基于XML的布局文件。
本科毕业设计(论文)封面模板
本科毕业设计说明书（论文）（2012届）题目： (三号黑体，居中, 不得超过30个汉字）(论文题目可分两行书写)学生姓名XXXXXX学号XXXXXX指导教师YYYYYYY专业班级化学工程与工艺2008（X）班所在学院化学工程与材料学院提交日期2012年X月本科毕业设计（论文）文献综述开题报告译文和原文（2012届）题目： (三号黑体，居中, 不得超过30个汉字） (论文题目可分两行书写)学生姓名XXXXXX学号XXXXXX指导教师YYYYYYY专业班级化学工程与工艺2008（X）班所在学院化学工程与材料学院提交日期2012年X月本科毕业设计（论文）文献综述（2012届）题目： (三号黑体，居中, 不得超过30个汉字）(论文题目可分两行书写)学生姓名XXXXXX学号XXXXXX指导教师YYYYYYY专业班级化学工程与工艺2008（X）班所在学院化学工程与材料学院提交日期2012年X月本科毕业设计（论文）开题报告（2012届）题目： (三号黑体，居中, 不得超过30个汉字）(论文题目可分两行书写)学生姓名XXXXXX学号XXXXXX指导教师YYYYYYY专业班级化学工程与工艺2008（X）班所在学院化学工程与材料学院提交日期2012年X月本科毕业设计（论文）外文翻译（2012届）题目： (三号黑体，居中, 不得超过30个汉字）(论文题目可分两行书写)学生姓名XXXXXX学号XXXXXX指导教师YYYYYYY专业班级化学工程与工艺2008（X）班所在学院化学工程与材料学院提交日期2012年X月。
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毕业论文英文翻译及原文封面【范本模板】
毕业设计(论文)英文翻译及原文课题名称：基于Flexsim的城市生活垃圾收运路径仿真研究学院 : 旭日工商管理学院专业：物流管理姓名：董继超 __ 学号：080750517指导教师：贾永基二0一一年十二月六日英文翻译文章用于餐厅垃圾回收过程中的堆肥和热水解之间的环境负担比较1. 环境科学与工程系，清华大学，北京100084，中国摘要:近年来，在中国政府积极地态度和一些有效的餐馆垃圾管理下，餐馆垃圾回收有了显著的发展.为了评价餐馆垃圾回收对环境的影响，生命周期评估（LCA）比较了两个回收过程—堆肥和热水解- 估计能源消耗和污染物排放。
结果表明,有效的过程,在每个影响的类别不同，进行了评估，堆肥对全球变暖有更大的影响,达到了337.7公斤的二氧化碳相当量/公斤。
相比之下，由于能耗大，热水解中对生态毒性施加的影响更大。
但是，总的来说，热水解对环境的影响相对于堆肥来说只有65％，减少了对其他三个的影响：酸雨，富氧化和全球变暖。
显然，热水解是一种很有效的减少环境压力的回收方法.关键词：堆肥；热水解；环境负担;餐厅垃圾;生命周期评估1．引言随着中国加速城市化的可持续发展和人民生活水平的提高,餐饮垃圾已经变成都市固体废物的重要组成部分,约占50—70％.在北京，餐厅垃圾的日常产量已达1200吨.餐厅垃圾，可以诱发腐烂废物收集和运输，降低效率储存，输送,切碎和分离；引进在焚化过程中的水分和Cl；导致有气味的化合物的排放；从垃圾填埋场渗滤液的质量产生不利影响，已成为严重的环境问题。
在北京餐厅垃圾中的37％是都市固体废物(MSW），其合适的管理方法已成为在过去十年中最活跃的辩论问题。
许多技术，如崩溃，堆肥，利用来对待餐厅垃圾发酵等。
然而，在个别技术研究越来越感兴趣，目前已经在研究.根据北京餐厅垃圾对环境的看法做出综合评价。
在这项研究中，根据实际设施的运行参数，我们选择了两个典型的回收方法，在系统中以一吨餐厅的垃圾作为一个单位来考虑。
重庆大学本科毕业设计
重庆大学本科学生毕业设计（论文）顾客忠诚影响因素分析---以洗面乳为例学生：李佳林学号：20061201指导教师：赵红专业：市场营销重庆大学贸易与行政学院二〇一〇年六月Graduation Design(Thesis) of Chongqing UniversityA research on the influencing factors of customer loyalty-a case study on the foam cleanserUndergraduate: Li JialinSupervisor:Zhao HongMajor: MarketingCollege of Trade and Public Administration,Chongqing UniversityJune 2010摘要随着消费市场竞争的日益加剧以及顾客争夺成本的日益提高，培育和维护忠诚的顾客群体己经成为企业市场制胜的重要策略，如何建立和保持顾客忠诚已经成为管理理论界和企业界关注的一个焦点。
顾客的消费需求必将日趋多样化，因此顾客忠诚度也更加难以把握。
本文运用顾客忠诚的已有研究成果，结合洗面乳自身的特殊性以及该市场购买行为的特征，重点探讨影响洗面乳以及化妆品行业顾客忠诚的主要因素，并通过问卷形式对洗面乳消费者进行调查，对顾客忠诚影响因素进行了实证研究。
论文主要的研究工作有以下几个方面：第一，在文献研究的基础上，探讨了有关顾客忠诚理论，提出了若干影响顾客忠诚的主要因素；第二，结合对中国洗面乳市场的认识，分析出影响护面产品顾客忠诚的主要因素并就它们之间的关系提出假设；第三，发放调查问卷，收集数据，在进行分析的基础上得出结论。
关键词：顾客忠诚，洗面乳，影响因素，实证研究ABSTRACTWith the increasing competition of consumer market, as well as the increasing scramble costs of customers, cultivate and maintain loyal customer groups has become an important strategy to win the enterprise market, how to establish and maintain customer loyalty has become a concern focus for management theory and business. Consumer demand will increasingly diversify, so customer loyalty is also more difficult to grasp. In this paper, the use of customer loyalty research results have been combined with the specificity of foam cleanser, as well as the characteristics of the market behavior, we focus on major factors in customer loyalty, in conjunction with foam cleanser to consumers, and study that customer loyalty with the empirical research.The main thesis of the research work are the following areas: first, studies in the literature on the basis of the normative analysis of the concept of customer loyalty and its influencing factors, from a theoretical level and made a number of factors affect the customer loyalty; second, combining with China's face care market awareness, analyze the major factors which impact the customer loyalty of foam cleanser, third, issue questionnaires, collects data, and combined with survey data ,and finally come to an conclusion .Key words：Customer loyalty, foam cleanser, Impact factors, Empirical study目录中文摘要 (Ⅰ)ABSTRACT (Ⅱ)1.绪论 (1)1.1研究意义 11.2相关概念界定 21.3主要研究内容 32.相关文献综述52.I国外学者的研究 5 2.2国内学者的研究103.顾客忠诚影响因素分析---以洗面乳为例153.1调查对象 153.2问卷设计153.3问卷发放与回收153.4数据分析163.5研究结论174.对策建议184.1通过提高顾客满意度来建立顾客忠诚 184.2通过加强关系信任来提高顾客忠诚 294.3通过提高转换成本来巩固顾客忠诚 214.4通过立足顾客价值提高顾客忠诚 22参考文献 24附录:调查问卷 25 致谢 271、绪论1.1研究意义在现代买方市场条件下，顾客的同一种需求可以由多种产品、服务来满足，买方地位逐步提高，买方的个性化需求随之日益膨胀。