初中英语非谓语动词之-V-ing-形式
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中考英语复习之非谓语动词
列举接to do 作宾补的动词：want sb. to do sth.
ask / tell / want / invite / encourage advise / allow / help / expect ... + sb. to do sth.
Listen to the questions. If you get the answers, clap my hand as quickly as you can. Then you can get a chance to answer the questions.
1.He is so young that he can't go to school.
5分
enough to ____ go ____school. to He isn't old ____ ____ too to He is ______young _______ go to school. They are thinking of what they should do next. what____ to ____ do next. They are thinking of ____
不定式作定语要放在它所修饰的名词、代词 或不定代词something, nothing...后面。
同义句： 1.To read Chinese is necessary for you. It ____necessary___ is for ____ you to read Chinese. =___
感官动词和使役动词后的不定式在主动语 态中省略to，在被动语态中必须加上to。
省略to的固定情况
最好还是（不）做…… had better （ not） do... 请您做……？ Would you please do... 为什么不做…? Why not /Why don’t you do sth 宁愿做……而不愿.... prefer to do ....rather than do...
ask / tell / want / invite / encourage advise / allow / help / expect ... + sb. to do sth.
Listen to the questions. If you get the answers, clap my hand as quickly as you can. Then you can get a chance to answer the questions.
1.He is so young that he can't go to school.
5分
enough to ____ go ____school. to He isn't old ____ ____ too to He is ______young _______ go to school. They are thinking of what they should do next. what____ to ____ do next. They are thinking of ____
不定式作定语要放在它所修饰的名词、代词 或不定代词something, nothing...后面。
同义句： 1.To read Chinese is necessary for you. It ____necessary___ is for ____ you to read Chinese. =___
感官动词和使役动词后的不定式在主动语 态中省略to，在被动语态中必须加上to。
省略to的固定情况
最好还是（不）做…… had better （ not） do... 请您做……？ Would you please do... 为什么不做…? Why not /Why don’t you do sth 宁愿做……而不愿.... prefer to do ....rather than do...
非谓语动词 ving
2．分词短语作状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是 分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为 并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的 一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。 Having been told many times，but he still couldn’t understand it. (×) Having been told many times，he still couldn’t understand it. (√) 已给他讲了许多遍，但他还是不理解它。
I didn't expect to see you here. 我没有料到在这里见到你。 在某些复合宾语中，用 it 作形式宾语，而把不定式放到后 面。 He considered it better to leave now. 他认为最好现在就离开。 I found it impossible to finish the work on time. 我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。
2.动词-ing形式的作用： 观察下列例句，思考划线部分作用。 (1) This is an interesting book. 定语 (2) The man sitting by the window is our maths teacher. 定语 (3) Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. 状语 (4) I saw the boy walking on the street yesterday. 宾补 (5) Playing football is his favotire sport. 主语 (6) I didn’t stop working last night. 宾语 (7) My work is teaching English. 表语
非谓语动词包括v-ing形式讲解
不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。
He had no money and no place to live (in). 他没钱，也没有安居之所。
(2)当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作
的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，
但其含义有所不同。试比较： Have you got anything to send？你有什么东西要寄吗？ (不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”) Have you got anything to be sent？
(2)不定式作状语，其逻辑主语与句子的主语必须一致。
To learn English well，he needs a good dictionary. 为了学好英语，他需要一本好词典。(而不能说：To learn English well，a good dictionary is needed.)
(2009· 天津高考)
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the
Olympic Games. 她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。
③用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式，常见的有： ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，
the project in time，the staff
were working at weekends. pleting C.To have completed 选 B.Having completed D.To complete
句意：为了使项目及时完工，全体员工周
末都在加班。不定式一般式作目的状语。故选D。
The book is difficult to understand.这本书难于理解。
V-ing的用法
V-ing形式是英语中非谓语动词的一种，它在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语和定语。
一、V-ing形式作主语表示泛指意义的行为。
谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
如：Saving money is a good habit.二、V-ing形式作宾语1. 有些动词后常跟V-ing形式作宾语，常见的有finish，practice，enjoy，suggest，keep，mind，advise等。
如：A young man practiced speaking English with Mr. Green just now.2. 有些动词词组或某些结构后常跟V-ing形式，常见的有give up，look forward to，feel like，pay attention to，put off，succeed in，be / get used to，can‘t help，be interested in，be afraid of，be busy等。
如：He gave up smoking in the end.注意：1. 某些动词后既可跟动词不定式，也可跟V-ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思不同，常见的有remember to do sth. （记住去做某事），remember doing sth. （记得做过某事）；forget to do sth. （忘记去做某事），forget doing sth.（忘记做过某事）；stop to do sth. （停下来去做另一件事），stop doing sth （停止做某事）；try to do sth.（尽力做某事），try doing sth.（尝试做某事）等。
2. 还有一些动词后面既可跟动词不定式，也可跟V-ing形式作宾语，但表达的意思无多大区别，常见的有love，like，hate，prefer，begin，start，continue等。
三、V-ing形式作宾语补足语通常表示动作正在进行，能带这类结构的动词多为感官动词（如see，watch，hear等）以及某些使役动词（如keep，get 等）。
V-ing 的非谓语动词用法
V-ing 的非谓语动词用法教师版(2011-01-06 11:46:07)转载标签：杂谈V-ing 在英语中可以看作是动名词和现在分词,它们都可以用作非谓语动词,在句中可以充当一定的句子成分。
现将其可以充当的句子成分列表对照如下:一、V-ing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。
如:1. 作主语、表语动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。
如:Tom's not having finished his homework made his teacher angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生气.(主语)Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。
(表语)2. 作宾语动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。
如:Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗?3. 作定语动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。
如:Don't forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。
二、V-ing作现在分词时,它主要在句中充当定语、表语、宾补、主补及状语。
如:1. 作定语现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行。
单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。
如:The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。
语法专题突破(九) v.ingd形式
what 引导的名词性从句。作表语的v.ing形式与主语
通常是对等的 aim is building socialism.
我们的目标是建设社会主义。
What I hate most is being laughed at.
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.
玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。(伴随)
The fire lasted nearly a month，leaving nothing valuable. (结果) 大火持续了近一个月，几乎没剩下什么有用的东西。 注意] 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词
常用动词不定式。但要注意，如果like，love，
prefer 前有would/should后面则应接动词不定式。
I like swimming，but I don't like to swim this
afternoon.
我喜欢游泳，但今天下午我不想游泳。
3．v.ing形式作表语
(1)v.ing形式作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命事物的名 词或
2．v.ing作状语，可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随和结
果等。
Coming into the room，she saw everybody at their work.
进屋以后，她看到人人都在工作。(时间)
Being ill，he couldn't go to school.
因为生病，他不能去上学。(原因) Traveling by train，we visited a number of cities. 我们坐火车游览了许多城市。(方式)
非谓语动词-v-ing(动名词与现在分词)精品课件(自制)
• When he saw me, he stopped _________ (say) hello to me. to say • When he saw his mother, the crying (cry). baby stopped ______
• It was raining hard, but he went working (work) in the fields. on ________ • He went on _______ to do (do) another experiment.
(1) 介词后宾语 He is fond of watching football games. 注意： 在介词but/except （除了）一般后面不接v-ing. ▄He had nothing to do but wait. but前有实义动词do
▄He had no choice but to wait.
having been made
having gone
getting (get) • I am thinking of ________ a new dictionary. having promised • He forgot _______________ (promise) to write things for us. • The house showed no sign of _________________ having been damaged (damage).
表特征或性质
Travelling is interesting but tiring. Her favorite job is teaching English. 这是现在进行时态吗？为什么？ They are watering the flowers
非谓语动词动词ing形式
I remembered sending him an e-mail last week.
３.他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
• They lived in a house facing south.
４.我看见那个男孩在吃苹果．
I saw the boy eating an apple.
5.她的工作是保持 房间干净
I intend to buy/buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 我想买一本英汉词典。
提示 应尽量避免接连出现两上动词-ing形式。 I am starting to learn Russian. 我开始学俄语。
避免说：I am starting learning Russian. 我开始学俄语
非谓语动词动词ing形式
2020年4月23日星期四
1.我看见那个男孩在吃苹果. I saw the boy eating an apple. 2.在树下坐着的那女孩是我姐姐. The girl sitting under the tree is my sister. 3.学习对现代生活很重要 Learning is important to modern life
✓✓
✓
v-ing 形式
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A 动词-ing形式作主语
1 动词-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。 百闻不如一见。
Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe. 2 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主 语放在句末。
争论这事是浪费时间。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。
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3. V-ing形式作宾语补足语
表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作。
① 感 官 动 词 see, notice, watch, observe, hear, feel, smell等词+ 宾语 + doing sth 作宾补,如： I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. I felt my heart beating violently.
②. 使役动词have, get, leave, keep, set, 以及catch(撞见) ，find(发现)+宾 语+ doing sth 作宾补 We kept the fire burning all night long. Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food. When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.
二. V-ing形式的逻辑主语 如果动词-ing需要自己的逻辑主语时， 一般用形容词性物主代词、宾格或名词 所有格。
His father’s falling ill worried him greatly. Do you mind my / me leaving ? His not coming made all of us angry.
playing
高考改错真题：
•My favorite picture at the party is of my
coach and me enjoy _th_e biscuits with
happy laughter! enjoying 2. We can choose between staying at home and ta_k__e_ a trip.
• The boy was lucky enough to escape be_i_n_g_p_u_n_i_s_h_e_d__ (punish) • It’s no use __t_ry_in_g___(try ) to make
me believe you. • The girl _s_i_tt_in_g___(sit) under that tree
2. V-ing形式作宾语 ①作动词或动词短语的宾语。如： I suggest doing it in a different way. Do you feel like taking a walk?
常用V-ing形式作宾语的动词或动词短 语还有： avoid, admit, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, appreciate, can’t help, insist on, carry on等。
Who is the man standing by the door? The houses being built are for the teachers.
6. V-ing形式作状语
修饰谓语动词或整个句子，相当于状语 从句，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条 件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①时间状语 有时可由连词when, while引出。如： While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
否定式： not +V-ing
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.
1．一般式： V-ing的一般式表示的动作和谓语动词 的动作同时进行。
主动：doing They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 被动：being done The question being discussed is very important. He likes being taken to the zoo.
5. V-ing形式作定语 ①单个的V-ing作定语一般放在被修饰 词的前面。表名词的作用、功能，或正 在进行的动作。如：
a reading room a swimming pool a waiting car a sleeping child 有些作定语的V-ing形式已转化为形容 词
an exciting film a boring speech ②V-ing短语作定语应放在被修饰词的 后面，表示动作正在发生, 如：
二.动词-ing的语法功能： 作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表 语、定语及状语
三.动词ing 形式表示的意义: 主动，进行
Thank you!
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②原因状语 Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.
③结果状语 His father died, leaving him a lot of money. She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
② 作介词的宾语，如： I'm against inviting him to dinner. You should study insead of watching TV.
下列短语中to 为介词，后面接V-ing形 式作宾语： look forward to, object to, devote…to, be/get used to, contribute to, get down to, lead to , turn to , stick to ， pay attention to 等。
◆动词-ing是非谓语形式中的一 种，能在句中做除谓语之外的任 何其他句子成分。 ◆在语态上，动词-ing表示主动 的动作。 在时间上, 动词-ing一般表示正在 进行的动作。
一.动词ing 的基本形式
一般式 完成式
主动 doing having done
被动 being done
having been done
为了保持句子平衡，通常用it作形式主语， 而把真正的主语放在句末,常用句型有： It is no use / useless crying over spilt milk. It is a waste of time arguing about it. It is no good talking to him. It is worth making an effort.
is my sister.
6. L__o_s_in_g_(lose) her new bicycle made Mary so upset. 7. N__o_t_h_a_v_i_n_g_r_e_c_e_i_v_e_d(receive) a reply, he decided to write again. 8. I smell something __b_u__rn_i_n(gburn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? 9. We don’t allow __________ (smoke), so you must go to the smsomkionkginrogom. 10. The missing boy was last seen _______(play) near the river.
2．完成式： V-ing的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语 动词的动作之前。 主动：having done I’m sorry for having kept you waiting so long. Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 被动：having been done Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter.
三. V-ing形式的语法作用 V-ing 形 式 一 方 面 具 有 动 词 的 性 质 ， 另一方面也相当于一个名词，形容词 或副词。
作主语 作宾语 作宾语补足语 作表语 作定语 作状语
1. V-ing形式作主语 Playing football is my favourite sport. Saying is easier than doing.
④伴随状语 They stood there for half an hour, watching the stars in the sky. Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.