第2部分专题非谓语动词
专题02非谓语动词(原卷版)
专题02 非谓语动词目录考点聚焦：核心考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：提升专练，全面突破考点一非谓语动词的形式及意义考点二非谓语动词作状语考点三非谓语动词作定语考点四非谓语动词作宾语考点五非谓语动词作宾补考点六非谓语动词作主语和表语考点七如何解答非谓语动词类题目考点一非谓语动词的形式及意义非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义不定式一般式to do to be done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生进行式to be doing其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生完成式to have done to have been done其表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前现在分词/动名词一般式doing being done其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生完成式having done having been done其表示的动作先于句中modern market.很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。
There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
考点二非谓语动词作状语(一)不定式作状语1．作目的状语。
可用so as to/in order to替换，但so as to一般不可置于句首，意为“为了；想要”。
To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.为了享受数字支付的便利，很多老年人开始使用智能。
Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year her.她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京去看她。
人教版2025高考英语一轮复习语法专题一 第2讲 非谓语动词
第2讲非谓语动词非谓语动词是高中英语语法中的重要部分，是高考的必考项目。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、分词(现在分词、过去分词)、动名词，在句子中可以作除谓语以外的其他成分。
非谓语动词常考考点主要有动词不定式的功能、现在分词和过去分词的用法区别及非谓语动词的时态、语态、省略等。
该项内容考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构和分析句子成分的能力。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ改编)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings)，those amazing ①constructions of delicate dumpling wrappersencasing ①hot ，tasty soup and sweet ，fresh meat ，are far and away my favorite Chinese streetfood.The dumplings arrive steaming ①and dangerously hot.To eat ②one ，you have to decidewhether to bite ②a small hole in it first ，releasing ①the steam and risking ①a spill(溢出)，or to put ②the whole dumpling in your mouth ，letting ①the hot soup explode ②on your tongue(舌头)．Shanghai may be the recognized ③home of the soup dumplings ，but food historians willactually point you to the neighboring ①ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao ’sbirthplace.There ，you ’ll find them prepared ③differently—more dumpling and less soup ，and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.Nanxiang aside ，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin ，allowing ①them to be lifted ②out ofthe steamer basket without tearing ①or spilling ①any of their contents.The meat should be freshwith a touch of sweetness ，and the surrounding ①soup hot ，clear and delicious.No matter where I buy them ，one steamer basket is rarely enough ，yet two seems greedy ，and so I am always left wanting ①more next time.[规则感悟]上文中加黑部分都是非谓语动词，①为动词-ing 形式，其中amazing ，encasing ，neighboring 和surrounding 作定语；steaming ，releasing ，risking ，letting 和allowing 作状语；tearing 和spilling 作宾语；wanting 作补语。
高中总复习二轮英语 核心语法必备 专题二 非谓语动词
be honest等。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
重点四 非谓语动词做补语
命题特点
考点1 动词不定式做补语
用法
例句
有些动词(短语)后可接不定式做宾语补足语, 即 “动词(短语)+宾语+to do”, 如advise, want, allow,
permit, persuade, remind, invite, depend on, call on 等
动词不定式可修饰序数词、最高 级或由no, all, any等限定的中心 词, 且与中心词为逻辑上的主动 关系
He is always the first to arrive at the
school and the last to leave the school. 他总是第一个到校, 最后一个离校。
+to do/to have done/to be done/to be doing/to have 据说他在大街上被找到
been done...
了。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
考点2 分词做补语 现在分词做宾语补足语时, 句中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓 关系; 过去分词做宾语补足语时, 宾语补足语与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾 关系。
fact, promise, wish, way等
要。
重点一
重点二
重点三
重点四
重点五
考点2 分词做定语
1.分词形式做定语的用法
形式
用法
例句
被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为逻辑 He found her a charming
动词-ing 上的主动关系, 动词-ing形式表示 girl.
第2讲 非谓语动词 讲义
知识运用篇专题四语法填空有提示词填空第2讲非谓语动词•技法1：知晓句法功能•高考语法填空对非谓语动词的考查多为基本句法功能的考查，因此掌握非谓语动词的句法功能对解题非常重要。
•(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)People probably cooked their food in large pots，______________(use) twigs(树枝)to remove it.•[解题思路]•①首先分析句子结构→句子缺少非谓语•②然后分析非谓语句法功能→非谓语作状语•③最后判断主被动关系→people和use存在主动关系•尝试解答：_using_•[技法解读]•1.非谓语动词作定语•(1)非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来时要想到用不定式。
I have many letters to write tomorrow afternoon.我明天下午有许多信要写。
•(2)非谓语动词作定语时，表正在进行或主动进行时要想到用现在分词。
•The boy playing in the playground is my brother.正在操场上玩耍的那个小男孩是我弟弟。
•(3)非谓语动词作定语时，表示已经完成或被动完成时要想到用过去分词。
•The trees blown down in the storm have been moved off the road.•在风暴中被刮倒的树木已被移出道路。
•2．非谓语动词作状语•(1)非谓语动词作目的状语、出乎意料的结果状语或某些形容词(表喜、怒、哀、乐)表语后的原因状语时，要想到用不定式。
•Firemen had to break in to reach the people trapped inside.•为了抢救困在屋里的人，消防人员不得不破门而入。
•(2)非谓语动词作时间状语、伴随状语、原因状语、条件状语或意料之中的结果状语时，如果动词和逻辑主语存在主动关系，要想到用现在分词。
人教版高中英语选择性必修三单元 Unit 2 重点语法 非谓语动词之动词不定式做主语(含答案)
班级姓名学号分数Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle动词不定式做主语（时间：60分钟，满分：100分）一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)1．It’s very nice ________ pictures for me.A．of you to draw B．for you to drawC．for you drawing D．of you drawing2．It took unusual determination and courage _________ the gap between the middle class and the poor. A．bridged B．to bridge C．bridge D．bridging3．It took years of work________the industrial pollution and clear the water.A．reducing B．to reduce C．reduced D．reduce4．It is exciting ________ competing athletes reach the other end of the swimming pool.A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．that5．________ a better me is my goal.A．Be B．To be C．Having been D．Am6．It is very difficult for me ________ such a naughty boy.A．teaching B．to teach C．taught D．teaches7．________ there by bike will take us one and a half hours.A．To get B．Gets C．Got D．Have got8．Once the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland ________.A．recover B．to recover C．recovered D．recovering9．______ hard outside school is necessary and important in learning English.A．Work B．To work C．Walking D．Walked10．It is difficult for a foreigner ________ Chinese.A．write B．to write C．to be written D．written11．It’s really kind ________ you ________ help me with my English.A．for, to B．of, to C．for, for D．of, for12．It takes me half an hour________ to work every day.A．to walk B．walking C．walked D．walk13．________the Great Wall is Mr. Smith's dream of this year.A．To visit B．Visit C．Visited D．Visits14．It’s interesting ________ the children __________there.A．watching; playing B．to watch ; to playC．to watch; playing D．watching ; play15．It’s always difficult ______ in a foreign country, especially when you don’t speak the language.A．being B．to beC．having been D．to have been二、用单词的适当形式完成句子(本大题共35小题，每小题2分，共70分)16．For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it’s increasingly difficult ________(find) workers interested in watching cattle.17．How long did it take him ___________(get) to the station?18．There is no doubt that it is vital________(know)some knowledge of first aid as danger lies everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.19．It was brave of this young guy ______ (quit ) his job and start his own business on his own.20．It is a great honor for me ________(have) an opportunity to attend the interview here today.21．It is a great honor ________ (deliver) a speech to share with you my opinions.22．It is difficult for us ________(do) so much work in such a short time.23．It’s impossible __________(crowd)any more football supporters in.24．It is often appropriate__________(use)the local dialect to communicate your message.25．It is normal________(feel)nervous at first when you make a speech in public.26．It is vital________(stop)using disposable chopsticks to protect forests.27．It is a gradual process for us________(learn) and grasp knowledge.28．Last summer, my parents and I paid a visit to Europe. It took us about 10 hours ________ (fly) from Beijing to London, Britain.29．With such busy lives, it can be hard _______(try) and find the time to work out.30．It was important _________（find）out who broke the window.31．It is up to you ________(decide) whether to go shopping or not.32．It doesn’t suit her _________(have) her hair cut short.33．It’s impossible_________ (anticipate) when it will happen.34．It’s a great shame for me ________(laugh at) in front of so many people.35．It’s convenient for us________ (use) the Internet to search for information.36．Not that I don’t want to help, but that it’s beyond my power ________(monitor) or chart their work progress. 37．It’s normal _________ (feel) anxious about your family’s safety.38．If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude________(move)?39．It took him a long period of time___________(finish) his revision.40．In some countries, it is traditional for a bride___________(wear) white.41．It’s a very ordinary thing _________(keep) your distance from strangers.42．Many people witnessed the car accident, so it was not difficult____________(investigate).43．It is generous of you ___________(lend) your digital camera to me.44．It is a shameful behaviour________(say) such sharp words to your seniors.45．I don’t think it is difficult________(learn) a foreign language well.46．It is difficult ________(understand) why she barks every minute.47．It’s her responsibility ________(ensure)the project finishes on time.48．He says it’s not easy ________(convince) people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. 49．It is essential for us ________(know) all the facts.50．The professor is easy________ (approach), and all the young teachers like to ask for advice from him.参考答案：1．A【详解】考查固定句型和形式主语。
非谓语动词(55张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件(2)
A．have
B．to have
C．make
D．to make
答案：A
巧学妙计: 一些动词要牢记，使役 have, let 与 make； 一 感 (feel) 注 意 (notice) 观 察 (observe) 听 (listen to, hear)； 睁眼一定要看(look at, see, watch)清； 后接宾补省去 to, 变为被动 to 须回。
4．疑问词＋动词不定式 动词不定式可以用在疑问词 what, how, when, where, which 等之后，作主语、宾语、宾语补足语等。 It's a question how to get there. 怎样到那儿是个问题。 I don't know what to say.我不知道说什么。 He showed me how to use the computer. 他教我怎样用电脑。
There is no difference between the two
words. I really don't know ________．
A．to choose which
B．which to choose
C．to which choose
D．to choose
答案：B
考点二 分词 1．分词的构成 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动 词＋ing”构成。过去分词的基本形式是“动词＋-ed”， 但也有不规则的形式。
My grandpa is sleeping.
—OK. I'll do it at once.
A．not make
B．to make
C．not to make
D．to not make
语法填空非谓语动词不定式
第二部分知识透析1．概述动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，在句中不能单独作谓语。
动词不定式具有动词的性质，它可以有自己的宾语和状语，从而构成动词不定式短语。
它还可以有形式的变化，即一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行时，主动式和被动式。
同时，动词不定式也具有非动词的性质，相当于一个名词、形容词或副词，可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
2.动词不定式的构成动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。
主动形式被动形式否定式一般式to do to be done not to do/ not to bedone进行式to be doing not to be doing完成式to have done to have been done not to have (been)done完成进行式to have beennot to have been doingdoing2.1不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。
He appears to be very happy. 他看起来好像很高兴。
（同时发生）To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi.为了赶上火车，我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
（赶火车发生在到站之后）2.2不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
It happened to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候，天碰巧在下雨。
I'm glad to be traveling with you. 我很高兴和你一起旅游。
有时表示即将发生的动作The old man seems to be dying.2.3不定式的完成式2.3.1不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。
英语突破练专题一 第2节非谓语动词
第2节非谓语动词高频考点梳理1.在“句子，非句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语The teacher devoted his life to his career，making most of his students successful in study.这位老师把他的一生都奉献给了他的事业，使他的大部分学生在学习上取得了成功。
2.在“非句子，句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语Having worked with children，I know what is needed most.和孩子们一起工作后，我知道什么是最需要的。
3.在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可用非谓语动词With her baby sleeping on her back，the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.这位妇女在打扫富人的房子，她的孩子正睡在她的背上。
4.在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear...等使役动词或感官动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可用非谓语动词Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.别让她在雨中等了。
5.“连词＋分词”，可以在分词前面加上连词when，while，if，unless，once，though，even if，no matter...等，但分词的逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致。
When taken according to directions，the drug has no side-effects.按照说明书服药，这个药就没有副作用。
易错点梳理1.表面上考分词，实际上考形容词的情况The man won a big prize，surprised and happy.这个男子中了大奖，又惊喜又快乐。
句中surprised形式上是过去分词，但已转化为形容词，在句中作状语(或主语补足语)。
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专题六非谓语动词考点一非谓语动词作定语(一)不定式作定语1．作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需有相应的介词。
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.布朗一家有一幢舒适的房子可以居住。
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上会省去。
He had no place to live.他没有地方住。
2．用不定式作定语的几种情况：(1)不定式表将来。
①The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他姐姐的。
②(2016·四川高考)For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something to eat!二十五天来，她从来没离开过孩子，甚至都不去找些吃的。
(2)用来修饰被序数词、形容词最高级或no，all，any等限定的中心词，且与中心词为逻辑上的主谓关系。
①He was the best man to do the job.他是做这份工作的最佳人选。
②She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
(3)有些与名词同形的动词常跟不定式，因而它们用作名词时也常跟不定式作定语，常见的有：promise，plan，attempt，offer等。
①I don't trust his promise to come for a visit.我不相信他来访的诺言。
(比较：He promised to come for a visit.)②He said he had no plans to go there.他说他没有要去那里的计划。
(比较：He didn't plan to go there.)③He made an attempt to stand up.他试图站起来。
(比较：He attempted to stand up.)(二)分词作定语1．作定语的及物动词的分词形式为：v.-ing ，being ＋过去分词和过去分词。
当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为主动关系时，用v.-ing ；当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为被动关系且表正在进行时，用being ＋过去分词；当被修饰的名词与非谓语动词为被动关系且表完成时，用过去分词。
①The houses being built are for the teachers.正在建的那些房子是为老师们建的。
(被动、正在进行)②(2016·浙江高考)To return to the problem of water pollution ，I'd like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。
(被动、已经完成)2．作定语的不及物动词的分词形式为：v.-ing 和过去分词。
v.-ing 表示正在进行；过去分词表示已经完成。
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧boiling water 沸腾的水（表正在进行）boiled water 开水（表完成） ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧falling leaves 正在下落的叶子（表正在进行）fallen leaves 已经落下的叶子（表完成） ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧developing countries 发展中国家（表正在进行）developed countries 发达国家（表完成） (三)动名词作定语动名词作定语，动名词用来说明被修饰词的用途。
a fishing net 渔网(＝a net for fishing)a swimming pool 游泳池(＝a pool for swimming)(四)to be done ，done 和being done 作定语的区别to be done 表被动、将来；done 表被动、完成；being done 表被动、正在进行。
①Have you read the novel written by Dickens?你读过狄更斯写的这部小说吗？(表被动、完成)②Listen ！The song being sung is very popular with the students.听！正唱着的这首歌非常受学生们的欢迎。
(表被动、正在进行)③The question to be discussed at tomorrow's meeting is very important.明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
(表被动、将来)考点二 非谓语动词作状语(一)不定式作状语1．不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语的情况较多，如果强调目的性时，不定式前还可加in order 或so as ，构成“in order to do”或“so as to do”结构。
“in order to do”结构作目的状语时，可以放在句首也可放在句中；“so as to do”结构只能放在句中。
“in order to do”“so as to do”结构置于句中时，不能用逗号隔开。
①Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at least four times a year(so as/in order)to visit her.她母亲计划每年至少四次飞到北京来看她。
②Bob took down my telephone number so as/in order not to forget it.鲍勃记下了我的电话号码以免忘记。
③(2016·四川高考)Every day in our work，we are inspired by the people we meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.在我们工作的每一天中，我们都受到那些我们遇到的、做着不平凡的事情去改善这个世界的人的鼓舞。
2．不定式作结果状语不定式作结果状语常用在下列句式中：so...as to；such...as to；...enough to；only to(常表示意外的或事与愿违的结果)；too...to等。
I'm not so stupid(a fool)as to write it down.我不至于愚蠢到会把它写下来。
Jane hurried back only to find that her mother had left.简匆忙赶回来却发现她的母亲已经离开了。
(表示“意外或事与愿违的结果”)I'm too tired to stay up longer.我太累了，不能再熬夜了。
[注意]only too...to结构中，too...to...并非是“太……而不能……”之意。
此时，与too...to...搭配的形容词常见的有pleased，ready，willing，glad，happy等。
I'm only too glad to have passed the exam.考试及格了，我非常高兴。
3．不定式作原因状语形容词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语，用以说明产生这种情绪的原因。
用于这类结构中的形容词常见的有：happy，glad，sorry，anxious，proud，disappointed，angry，surprised，ready，delighted，pleased等。
You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday.你永远不会知道昨天看到她时，我是多么高兴。
4．在“主语＋系动词＋表语(形容词)＋to do”结构中，句子的主语与动词不定式有逻辑上的被动关系，且形容词表示主语的特征或性质，这时，需用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
该结构中常用的形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，important，impossible，interesting，pleasant，nice，comfortable，safe，dangerous等。
This question is easy to answer.这个问题容易回答。
This book is difficult to understand.这本书很难理解。
(二)分词作状语2.分词作状语的句法功能分词作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
为了强调，还可与while，when，once，if，unless等连词连用。
①When offered help，one often says“Thank you”or“It's kind of you”．(时间)当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“Thank you”或“It's kind of you”。
②Separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many animals and plants not found in any other country in the world.(原因)和其他大陆分离了数百万年，澳大利亚有许多在世界上任何别的国家都找不到的动植物。
③Generally speaking，if taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.(条件)一般来说，如果按照说明服用，这种药没有副作用。
④He glanced over at her，noting that though she was tiny，she seemed very well.(结果)他不经意地看了一下她，注意到她虽然很纤弱，但看起来非常健康。
⑤(2016·天津高考)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，making air conditioning unnecessary.凉爽的风穿过卧室的窗户，使空调不再是必要的。
⑥Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake.(让步)虽然被告诉过好多次了，但他仍然重复犯同样的错误。
⑦The teacher came into the lab，followed by some students.(伴随)老师进了实验室，后面跟着一些学生。