表语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。 Who will go is not important.

2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。

It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.

3、that引导主语从句时放在句首时，不能省略。

That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

(三)表语从句

1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。

The question was who could go there.

2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。

My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.

(四)宾语从句

1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that 一般可省略。

I hope (that) everything is all right.

2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别

用what或 whether。

I’m interested in what you’ve said.

3、whether与if常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。

I wonder if it doesn’t rain.

②宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if;

不直接连用，可换。

I don’t know whether or not the report is true.

I don’t know whether/ if th e report is true or not.

(五)同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后，说明该名词

的具体内容。

I have no idea when he will be back.

The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

一、表语从句概述

1. 用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等。

2. 引导表语从句的词:

有从属连词that、whether、as though、as if、because;

关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；

关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。

That引导表语从句时，在口语中，偶尔可以省略。

The trouble is that we are short of money.

困难是我们资金短缺。

That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.

这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。

At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.

当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。

二、由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。

that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。The trouble is (that) she has lost his money.

麻烦的事是他丢了钱。

The question is whether we need more ice cream.

问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。

The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.

问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。

What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.

我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。

三、由关系代词引导的表语从句。

关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。

The question is which of us should go.

问题是我们哪一个应该去。

The problem was who could do the work.

问题是谁能做这项工作。

That's what he is worrying about.

那就是他在担心的事。

That's what we should do.

那是我们应该做的。

四、由关系副词引导的表语从句。

Go and get your coat. It's where you left it.

去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。

I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.

那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。

That is what he is worried about.

那就是他所担心的。

五、由连词because，as if, as though等引导的表语从句。It looked as if it was going to snow.

看起来好像要下雪了。

That's because we never thought of it.

这是因为我们从未想过此事。

It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.

好像他不知道答案。