《跨文化交际语篇分析法》共59页文档
《跨文化交际语篇分析法》
The ambiguity of language
• Meaning in language is jointly constructed by the participants in communication. 1. Word-level ambiguity in language
Language is always ambiguous at the word level. The words themselves do not give us enough information to interpret their meaning unequivocally Example: “There is a man at the door.” ambiguity→ “at”: tell something about where the man is located, but doesn’t tell much →ambiguous in that we don’t know very much about just how this man is “at” the door
5.Aspects of Intercultural Communication---Proceedings of China’s 2nd Conference on Intercultural Communication 《跨文化交际面面观》
胡文仲，1999年，外语教学与研究出版社
期刊
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 外语能力与跨文化交际能力社会需求分析，史兴松。2014年，外语 界 英语教学中培养学生跨文化交际意识，蔺宏功，2013年，现代阅读 论中国跨文化交际研究的历史分期及其特点，池舒文，2014年，中 国外语。 从跨文化交际能力视角探索国际化外语人才培养课程设置，陈欣， 2012年，外语界。 跨文化交际能力在外语教学中如何定位，胡文仲，2013年，外语界。 跨文化交际能力体系的构建，张卫东，杨莉，2012年，外语界。 翻译与跨文化交际策略，孙艺凤，2012年，中国翻译。 跨文化交际主流研究及实证方法 彭世勇，2008年第五期，中国外 语。 对经济全球化背景下跨文化交际学研究的思考，庄恩平，2006年， 中国外国语。 文化全球化与跨文化交际学科发展：动力、趋势和展望，高永晨， 2008年，外语与外语教学。
《跨文化交际语篇分析法》详解
“There is a taxi at the door.” →different way of being “at” the door→ the taxi at some distance at the door in a roadway or a driveway The difference lies in what we know about men and taxis and how they wait “at” doors.
a. walking down the street and stop a stranger to ask —— “It’s 2:00” —— “Thank you”
b. in a elementary school classroom teacher “ What time is it?” —— “It’s 2:00” —— “Very good, Frankie.” c. A husband and a wife are at dinner in the home of friends wife: “ What time is it ?” =“ Don’t you think it is time we were leaving?”
《与陌生人交际——跨文化交流方法》William
B. Gudykunst /Young Yun Kim，2007， 上海外语教育出版社
4. Dynamics of Intercultural Communication 《跨文化交际动力》
Carley H. Dodd，2006年 上海外语教育出版社
2. Sentence-level ambiguity in language
The meaning in sentence resides not in the sentence alone but in the situation in which it is used as well. Example: “What time is it?”
(完整word版)跨文化交际案例分析(共7个)
《跨文化交际学概论》第七章社会交往五、宴请招待p132Case One: Setting Rules for a Guest – American Hospitality案例：When Zhang Tao traveled in America, he lived in the home of his American friend, Bill. Once after he had traveled back, he found Bill was in a bad mood. When he asked what the problem was, Bill told Zhang Tao that his son Adam got furious about the noise Zhang made when walking upstairs and also because he was using too much water in the solar powered shower and Adam had to have his shower in cold water. Bill told Zhang Tao that he should walk more softly in future, and have a fast shower to save water. Zhang Tao felt uneasy. How could the host set such rules for his guest!Question: Why did Zhang Tao feel uneasy?分析：1) In China, when people host someone, they put the guest in the place of honor to show hospitality. They try to take care of the guest，and try to make the guest feel comfortable and at ease.2) In America, people tend to give the guest great freedom and treat a guest more casually, naturally and truthfully.3) Zhang Tao knew he was a guest, and thought in terms of Chinese expectations of hospitality. He thought Bill should treat him courteously instead of setting rules for him.4) Since Zhang Tao lived in American surroundings, he should have known about the customs there sooner.Case Two:案例：Lin had traveled 20 hours from Beijing to New York. He needed a good meal. His American friend, Mike, met him. But Mike only offered him a plate of roasted chicken and a glass of orange juice. Lin was used to having a main course, and asked Mike if he had any rice. Mike said he only had fried noodles, and Lin had to make do with it. Though Lin knew Americans didn’t care very much about what food they ate, he still felt surprised because he had taken Mike to the most famous duck restaurant in Beijing -- Quanjude -- when he arrived in Beijing.Question: Why did Lin feel surprised? Offer some advice to him about adjusting to his new environment in America.分析：1) 0n the topic of hospitality, the Chinese stress on warmth and demonstrating friendship. They take the guest to a famous or luxurious restaurant to have a very good (expensive) meal to show their hospitality. And the Chinese are used to having a big meal. The more dishes they put out，the greater the warmth and friendship they show.2) In western countries, people stress on freedom. They give the guest great freedom to choose their own foods. And westerners tend to have only one main course and some juice or dessert，which is viewed as casual in the eyes of the Chinese.3) Lin lived in American surroundings and should have adjusted himself quickly to the new world (lifestyle). He should have known the custom there first, and felt more at ease in Mike’s h ome.Case Three: Equality or Hospitality for Table Manners案例：Lin Hua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part，and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Question: Why did Linhua find them inhospitable?分析：1) In China, to show hospitality, people tend to host the meal. And if they cannot do this, they at least will struggle to pay for the guest.2) In America, people tend to pay for themselves to show equality and independence.3) Linhua knows this custom, but from a Chinese point of view, she still finds this hard to accept, and feels it a little inhospitable.Case Four:案例：I have an American friend. I have invited him several times, and at long last he invited me to his home one day. He told me to get there at 3 p m. I thought we could chat and have a meal together. I gave him a Chinese calendar, a woman’s scarf and a bottle of Chinese white wine. He only took out a dish of nuts, a plate of bread and a bottle of wine. After two hours’ chat, I found there was no hint of a meal and said good-bye to him. He only gave me a box of chocolate as a present for the New Year. After I got home, I found the box already been opened. I was very surprised, Question: What surprised me?分析：1) In China, a visit to home always includes a meal. And the guest always bringsa relatively expensive present to the host. And the present should be well wrapped or untouched.2) In the west, a visit to home only means a meeting, not necessarily including a meal. And the present is treated not as importantly as it is in China.3) I acted in a way that was based on Chinese customs, so I felt the American way was very interesting (unusual).Case Five: Way of Entertaining Guests in China ---- Drink more and more案例：Tom, an American, went to a Chinese home for the first time. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. He drank the second cup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then ⋯ until he was quite full. Tom was totally confused by the way of entertaining.Question: Why was Tom totally confused?分析：1) Traditional Chinese custom requires that during the course of entertaining, the host has to always pour more wine or tea to the guest’s glass or cup, and always adds more food to the guest’s plate or bowl without asking whether it’s wanted.2) Chinese guests know how to respond to this type of hospitality. They simply leave the wine, tea, or food in the container and stop having any more. But Tom, the American guest in the case didn’t know this.3) He followed the politeness rule of his culture: it’s not good manners to leave food in one’s own plate at a dinner table. Therefore, without any knowledge of the differences between the two cultures, an American guest would very likely suffer from either drinking or eating too much in such a situation.Case SixAs a foreign student at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Keiko Ihara (Japanese) was on a strict budget. She had all her tuition and books paid for by scholarships and grants and until recently was comfortably housed in the dormitory. Wanting to live in the community rather than in the dormitory, she found a small apartment to share with a friend. Her college friends, knowing of her situation, offered to round up some of the necessary items for apartment living. Keiko politely declined, saying she could manage. Wanting to help out her friends found some old but still usable household appliances and furniture. Mary had an old desk that was in hergarage. Ed had some chairs from his uncle, and Joe and Marion had a few extra dishes. They cheerfully brought them over one day. Keiko seemed very embarrassed, but gracefully accepted them, sincerely and profusely thanked them.The following week they were each presented with a gift from Keiko. Mary got an ornate jewelry box, Ed a volume of woodcuts by a famous Japanese artist, and Joe and Marion a beautiful Japanese vase, all of which were of considerable worth and value, much more than the old things they had donated to her. They all protested that she could not afford to give such elaborate gifts; they really expected nothing as the household items were not really being used and they would rather have her use them. Keiko, however, insisted that they take the gifts. In the end, they accepted the gifts, although they all felt uncomfortable as they knew she was really sacrificing to give them.Questions:1. What do you think of Keiko insisting on giving valuable gifts to her college friends?2. Why did Keiko’s friends feel very uncomfortable when they received valuablegifts in return?分析：Keiko insists on giving valuable gifts to her college friends, because in countries like Japan, exchanging gifts is a strongly rooted social tradition. Should you receive a gift, and don’t have one to offer in return, you will probably create a crisis. If not as serious as a crisis, one who doesn’t offer a gift in return may be considered rude or impolite. Therefore, in Japan, gifts are a symbolic way to show appreciation, respect, gratitude and further relationship.Keiko obviously has taken those used items from Mary, Ed and Marion as gifts, for she probably doesn’t know that Americans frequently donate their used household items to church or to the community. Mary, Ed and Marion would never consider those used household items given to Keiko as gifts. No wonder they felt very uncomfortable when they received valuable gifts in return.Case SevenSelma, who is from the US, is in a student exchange program in Indonesia. One day, she was asked to attend a birthday party and she was delighted, for she was curious to know what an Indonesian birthday party was like. To her surprise, she was the only one that dressed in typically Western clothes. Although she had no strong reason to become uneasy, her uneasy feeling prevailed as the party was going on. To make herself feel better, she went to the food table and began to help herself. But, upon leaving the table, she tripped on the leg of a chair and spilled her drink on the floor. One of the girls stooped down to mop up the spill and everyone else laughed out loud. Selma, uncertain what to do next, quietly moved out of her way with her head lowered in shame.Questions:3. What functions does laughing serve in similar situations in China?4. What should we do to help ourselves or other people out of embarrassmentcaused by cultural differences in laughing?分析：Just like smile, laughing does not always serve the same function in different cultures. Interestingly, for us Chinese, laughing often has a special function on some tense social occasions. People may laugh to release the tension or embarrassment, to express their concern about you, their intention to put you at ease or to help you come out of the embarrassment. In this case, the people there were actually wishing to laugh with the American rather than laugh at her. Their laughing seemed to convey a number of messages: don‘t take it so seriously; laugh it off, it‘s nothing; such things can happen to any of us, etc. Unfortunately the American was unaware of this. She thought they were laughing at her, which made her feel more badly and angry, for in her culture laughing on such an occasion would be interpreted as an insulting response, humiliating and negative.。
《跨文化交际》主要内容梳理.ppt
《跨文化交际》主要内容梳理
第二讲 语言中的文化差异1
Ⅰ.Cultural Connotations of Words:
A.Image and culture 形象与文化
狗：dog E-neutral word
C-(with derogatory sense)如：
走狗/看家狗/赖皮狗/痛打落水狗/狗东西
《跨文化交际》主要内容梳理
第一 日常谈话中的文化差异2
To American the greeting might mean this:“I
haven’t either. Come on, let’s go together and get something to eat,” or “if you haven’t,I was just going to invite you to my place.” In other words, it could indicate an invitation to a meal. When Chinese part, they usually say good-bye, bye-bye. But usually in China, it’s a custom to say请留步，慢走，走好，慢点 骑等等。
《跨文化交际》主要内容梳理
《跨文化交际》主要内容梳理
第一讲 日常谈话中的文化差异1
A.Greetings and Farewells
Westerners coming to China always feel surprised
to be told that the Chinese people often greet people with 你吃饭了没有？This, of course, is a common Chinese greeting around meal time and the people merely nodded with a smile, waved goodbye and went off. As we all realise that this remark was nothing more than a Chinese way of saying Hello or Hi. If the greeting had been put literally into English Have you eaten yet? Or Have you had your lunch? It would have sounded rather unusual.
跨文化交际案例分析万能模板
跨文化交际案例分析万能模板案例背景跨文化交际是指在不同文化背景下进行的交流和互动。
由于不同文化具有不同的价值观、信仰、习俗和行为规范，跨文化交际往往面临着挑战和困难。
本文将通过分析一个跨文化交际案例，探讨跨文化交际中常见的问题，并提供解决问题的方法，以此为参考，帮助人们更好地进行跨文化交际。
案例描述案例中，A是中国人，B是美国人。
他们是在一家国际公司工作的同事。
一天，在一个重要会议上，A提出了一个新的想法，但没有得到B的支持，甚至遭到了反对。
A感到困惑和失望，并对B的态度感到不解。
问题分析1.语言障碍：A和B来自不同的文化背景，使用不同的母语。
这可能导致他们在交流中出现理解的困难，甚至存在翻译误解的可能性。
2.价值观冲突：A和B来自具有不同价值观的文化，他们对问题的看法和解决方法可能存在差异。
这造成了他们在会议上的分歧。
3.社交礼节：A和B在社交礼节方面可能存在差异。
比如在会议上，B的反对可能是基于不同的文化背景下对表达意见的方式和场景的理解。
解决方法1.主动沟通：A和B应该积极主动地沟通，充分交流彼此的意见和想法。
他们可以约定一个合适的时间，面对面地沟通，以确保双方对对方的意思有清晰的理解。
2.尊重他人文化：A和B应该尊重彼此的文化差异。
他们可以通过学习对方的文化，了解他人的价值观和习俗，以更好地理解和包容对方的观点。
3.寻求共同利益：A和B可以寻找问题的共同利益，以此为基础来达成共识和解决分歧。
他们可以探讨对方的顾虑并提出解决方案，以达成双赢的结果。
4.适应交流方式：A和B可以适应对方的交流方式。
他们可以根据对方的习惯和文化特点，选择合适的表达方式和场景，以减少误解和冲突的可能性。
结论跨文化交际虽然存在挑战和困难，但通过主动沟通、尊重他人文化、寻求共同利益和适应交流方式等方式，我们可以更好地解决问题，建立跨文化交际的良好关系。
希望通过这个万能模板，能帮助更多人在跨文化交际中更加成功和顺利。
跨文化交际案例及分析(精选5篇)
跨文化交际案例及分析（精选5篇）跨文化交际案例及分析范文第1篇[关键词]跨文化外语教学案例分析大同学跨文化交际本领一、跨文化英语教学现状分析就我国的外语教学现状而言，高一虹（2023:28）指出，现有的跨文化交际本领培育模式都有肯定局限。
行为中心的培育模式，只关注交际行为本身和交际结果，执着于实在目标，但在我们一般性的大学教育中，很难确定同学将来可能与之打交道的目的文化，因此也很难像对特定出国人员进行培训那样对同学实施有较强针对性的训练；学问中心模式，则集中于认知层面，重要向同学灌输有关文化学问，但难以让同学产生切身体验，而且还不适用于处理文化的多样性和动态性，传授文化学问简单变成“定型”（stereotype），反而不利于跨文化交际本领向较高层次进展。
另外，我们的教学大纲设计和教学实践往往缺乏充足的开放性，没有给同学较多面对问题和独立解决问题的机会。
因此在跨文化外语教学中，需要依据跨文化交际本领框架，提高同学使用语言的正确性的同时还要帮忙其提高言语行为的得体性。
在近年来对跨文化交际本领框架的浩繁讨论中，笔者认为杨盈、庄恩平（2023）提出的由全球意识、文化调适、文化学问和交际实践四大本领系统构成的外语教学跨文化交际本领框架，符合教学大纲和教学实践的要求，具较强可行性。
二、案例分析在跨文化英语教学中的作用目前跨文化英语教学普遍采纳的方法重要包括背景学问导入、文化内涵探究、案例分析、角色扮演及情景仿照、实例搜索等。
案例分析教学中将不同文化背景的语言特色、风土人情、历史事件和现实冲突等素材呈现于同学面前，是跨文化学问、意识、思维和交际本领的综合训练过程，能帮忙同学达到学习外语语言技能与培育跨文化交际本领有机结合的目的。
在谈到案例教学法时，陈建平（2023）强调:“案例是为适应特定的教学目的而编写的”，教学过程重要是“同学之间的讨论和辩论”，教学目的重要是“培育同学的本领”。
上述特点，使案例教学能很好适用于跨文化外语教学，它对培育本领的重视大过取得学问，成为语言文化学问向跨文化本领变化的有效途径。
跨文化交际中的语篇分析教学
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跨文化交际──语篇对比分析一例
跨文化交际──语篇对比分析一例
俞如珍
【期刊名称】《解放军外国语学院学报》
【年(卷),期】1997(000)005
【总页数】5页(P19-23)
【作者】俞如珍
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H314
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