1981年考研英语试题及答案
1981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the five choices given would most suitablycomplete the sentence. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled(14 points) EXAMPLE:The guests said that they wouldn’t mind ________.[A] to have a little light music[B] having a little light music[C] have a little light music[D] if they have a little light music[E] that they have a little light musicANSWER: [B]1. She has been working in this factory ________.[A] after 1968[B] in 1968[C] since 1968[D] for 1968[E] until 19682. We can’t understand why he avoided ________ to us.[A] to speak[B] speech[C] having spoken[D] speaking[E] to have spoken3. I am interested in ________ you have told me.[A] which[B] all that[C] all what[D] that[E] everything of which4. It is because she is too inexperienced ________ she doesnot know how to deal with the situation.[A] so[B] that[C] so that[D] therefore[E] that is why5. He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation tothe party.[A] refute[B] refuse[C] return[D] ignore[E] decline6. She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed________.[A] to[B] with[C] about[D] upon[E] over7. Since she is angry, we ________.[A] had better leaving her alone[B] should leave her alone[C] might as well leave her alone[D] had rather leave her alone[E] must leave her alone8. I wish I ________ to the movies with you last night.[A] went[B] did go[C] could go[D] have gone[E] could have gone9. Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats inthe theatre ________ the curtain went up.[A] than[B] when[C] before[D] as soon as[E] as10. Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand youcorrectly.[A] since[B] for[C] because[D] so that[E] then11. If the doctor had been available, the child ________.[A] would not die[B] would not have died[C] could not die[D] could not have died[E] should not have died12. I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her.[A] that you won’t speak[B] your not speaking[C] you not speak[D] you hadn’t spoken[E] you didn’t speak13. Ten years had elapsed. I found she had ________.[A] a little white hair[B] some white hair[C] much white hair[D] a few white hair[E] a few white hairs14. The electric shaver ________ before it can be used.[A] needs repairing[B] requires to be repaired[C] should be in repair[D] has to be repairable[E] must repairSection II Error-detectionEach question consists of a sentence with five underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], [D] and [E]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrectand circle the letter of your choice. Only one choice is to be marked. (8 points)EXAMPLE:We the research as as we ; , it did not to be satisfactory.ANSWER: [B]15. The president , the deans, planning a the purpose ofcertain regulations.16. convince the director their plan, they a number ofreports their argument.17. His method research work is appreciated; he inferiorothers.18. A series the lecturers scheduled the next .19. The automobile industry that will consume gasoline andmuch less pollution.20. When his plane the airport , I Beijing.21. The industrial the direction of machines and people.22. The workers to work before .Section III Sentence MakingCombine the given words and phrases into sentences. (4 points) EXAMPLE:His sons / he / their grandmother / to see / just before his last birthday / takeANSWER:Just before his last birthday he took his sons to see their grandmother.23. last month / in Europe / travel / she / since24. the decision / as final / frankly / should / notconsider25. to the stranger / talk / there / stand / a while ago /he26. this kind of / can / get used to / I / never / food /eatSection IV Verb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verb given in parentheses. (14 points)EXAMPLE:“Those,” he said, ________ (point) to the books ________ (pile) on the desk, “________ (need) over there now.”ANSWER: pointing; piled; are neededThousands of years ________ (pass) since then; but people still ________ (like)________ (tell) the story of Leonidas and the brave three hundred who ________ (dedicate) their lives to their country.ANSWER: have passed; like; to tell; dedicated27. The public demanded that the prices ________ (reduce).28. With the guide ________ (lead) the way, we set off onfoot into the dark night.29. I need that book badly. If you go to the bookshop thisafternoon, please remember ________ (buy) a copy for me. 30. ________ (arrive) home at daybreak, he felt dead tired.He ________ (work) all night.31. ________ (exhaust) by his work, he lay down on the bedto take a rest.32. We’ll have to take a roundabout course, for the road________ (repair).33. No decision ________ (make) about that matter yet. We________ (still consider) it.34. ________ (meet) Tom earlier today, I don’t need to seehim again.35. If you ________ (go) on at the present rate, you________ (use) up all the petroleum by the end of the month.36. The building is said ________ (destroy) in a fire twoyears ago.37. The car ________ (go) at the present speed until itreaches the foot of the mountain at about ten o’clock tonight.Section V Cloze TestFill in the blanks with proper words (10 points)In recent years television has become the most popular form of entertainment. It does not look as if it will be popular in the world of the future. In fact it looks as if television will become more popular than ever. New systems of television have been made possible the discovery of the laser.A laser is a beam of light that has many strange qualities. By using a laser, it is possible to throw every large and very clear television pictures on a screen. These pictures may be as large as three meters . Many people could watch this kind of television together.Laser beams have also made very thin television sets . These sets can be hung on the wall of a room like a large picture. Another development in the future will be three dimensional television; the picture will look more ‘real’ it will have depth as well as height and length.In the near future you will be able to buy your favourite television programmes already on tapes. They will be like the tapes are used in small cassette tape recorders today. You will also be able to record television programmes and play them later. The laser beam will make possible.Section VI Chinese-English Translation Translate the following into English. (10 points)48. 这门课我们越学越喜欢。
历年考研英语真题及答案(1980-1985年)
1982 年考研英语真题答案............................................................................................. 562
1981 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题..............................................................564
Section I Structure and Vocabulary........................................................... 501
Section II Cloze Test....................................................................................503
Section I Section II Section III Section IV Section V Section VI Section VII
Structure and Vocabulary........................................................... 551 Verb Forms....................................................................................553 Error-detection........................................................................... 554 Cloze Test....................................................................................555 Reading Comprehension................................................................ 558 Chinese-English Translation......................................................560 English-Chinese Translation......................................................560
1981年考研英语翻译真题及答案
Domestic noises may perhaps be controlled by forethought and courtesy, and industrial noises by good planning and technical improvement. But if we are going to allow fast motor-cycles and heavy diesel lorries to pass continuously trough residential and business districts, the community must decide on the control it needs to exercise, for in the long run it has got to pay for it. And if a nation is to take part in modern air transport, it must enter into international agreements on the noise control measures it will impose at its airports — and here the cost of any real control is to be measured in millions of dollars.
1980-1998考研英语语法词汇真题汇总及答案
1980-1998考研英语语法词汇真题汇总及答案1980年例He ________ me that he decided to leave on Monday.[A] spoke [B] said [C] talked [D] toldANSWER: [D]30. This test ________ a number of multiple choice questions.[A] composes of [B] composes in [C] consists of [D] consists in31. She writes as ________ as her sister.[A] clear [B] more clear [C] clearly [D] most clearly32. I prefer this diagram ________ that one.[A] than [B] more than C] rather than [D] to33. I have been studying here for four years, by next summer I ________.[A] shall graduate [B] shall be graduated[C] shall be graduating[D] shall have graduated34. Hardly had he finished his speech ________ the audience started cheering.[A] and [B] when [C] than [D] as35. I wish you ________ like that.[A] don’t talk [B] won’t talk [C] wouldn’t talk [D] not to talk36. Only when you have obtained sufficient data ________ come to a soundconclusion.[A] can you [B] would you [C] you will [D] you can37. I found ________ to answer all the questions within the time given.[A] no possibility [B] there was impossibility[C] impossible[D] it impossible38. You ________ go now. It’s getting late.[A] had rather [B] would rather[C] had better[D] would better39. Hot metal ________ as it grows cooler.[A] contracts[B] reduces[C] condenses[D] compresses[B] also doesn’t rubber[C] nor does rubber[D] nor rubber does41. Comrade Li ________ be in Beijing because I saw him in town only a few minutes ago.[A] mustn’t[B] can’t[C] may not[D] isn’t able to42. I know it isn’t important but I can’t help ________ about it.[A] but to think[B] thinking[C] think[D] to think43. The more we looked at the picture, ________.[A] the less we liked it[B] we like it less[C] better we liked it[D] it looked better44. To succeed in a scientific research project ________.[A] one needs to be persistent[B] persistence is needed[C] one needs be a persistent person[D] persistence is what one needsSection IV: Structure and Vocabulary (15 points)1981年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语试题例The guests said that they would n’t mind ________.[A] to have a little light music[B] having a little light music[C] have a little light music[D] if they have a little light music1. She has been working in this factory ________.[A] after 1968[B] in 1968[C] since 1968[D] for 1968[E] until 19682. We can’t understand why he avoided ________ to us.[A] to speak[B] speech[C] having spoken[D] speaking[E] to have spoken3. I am interested in ________ you have told me.[B] all that[C] all what[D] that[E] everything of which4. It is because she is too inexperienced ________ she does not know how to deal with the situation.[A] so[B] that[C] so that[D] therefore[E] that is why5. He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party.[A] refute[B] refuse[C] return[D] ignore[E] decline6. She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ________.[A] to[B] with[C] about[E] over7. Since she is angry, we ________.[A] had better leaving her alone[B] should leave her alone[C] might as well leave her alone[D] had rather leave her alone[E] must leave her alone8. I wish I ________ to the movies with you last night.[A] went[B] did go[C] could go[D] have gone[E] could have gone9. Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre ________ the curtain went up.[A] than[B] when[C] before[D] as soon as[E] as10. Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.[B] for[C] because[D] so that[E] then11. If the doctor had been available, the child ________.[A] would not die[B] would not have died[C] could not die[D] could not have died[E] should not have died12. I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her.[A] that you won’t speak[B] your not speaking[D] you hadn’t spoken[E] you didn’t speak13. Ten years had elapsed. I found she had ________.[A] a little white hair[B] some white hair[C] much white hair[D] a few white hair[E] a few white hairs14. The electric shaver ________ before it can be used.[A] needs repairing[B] requires to be repaired[C] should be in repair[D] has to be repairable1982年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语试题例(1) The matter ________ you were arguing about last night has been settled.[A] what[B] as[C] whom[D] that ANSWER: [D](2) We must not rule ________ the possibility of miscalculation.[A] away[B] off[D] up ANSWER: [C]1. You never told us why you were late for the last meeting, ________?[A] weren’t you[B] didn’t you[C] had you[D] did you2. I have to get ________ about the subject before I write the paper.[A] a few more informations[B] a little more information3. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar ________ write correctly.[A] you will[B] you can[C] can you[D] can’t you4. ________ it is you’ve found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.[A] That[B] Because[C] Whatever[D] However5. Although ________ happened in that developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.[A] which[B] what[C] how[D] it6. He studied hard at school when he was young ________ contributes to his success in later life.[A] , which[B] therefore[C] which[D] so that7. He felt it rather difficult to take a stand ________ the opinion of the majority.[A] against[B] by[C] to[D] in8. I need a book dealing ________ anti-pollution problems.[A] about[B] on[C] with9. He has been asked to account ________ his absence.[A] of10. Science has brought ________ many changes in our lives.[A] out[B] into[C] about[D] forward11. How did it come ________ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?[A] about[B] after[C] with[D] to12. Science has brought ________ many changes in our lives.[A] for[B] to[C] in[D] withSection I: Structure and Vocabulary (12 points)1983年例Tom has been unemployed ________ he lost his job three weeks ago.[A] after[B] since[C] before[D] whileANSWER: [B]1. ________ born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City.[A] Although[B] Since[C] As[D] When[C] against3. They have all got up, and ________.[A] Jack has too[B] so has Jack[C] Jack hasn't[D] also has Jack4. I am sure that ________ you said is wrong.[A] which[B] all[C] this[D] what5. ________ four years since John left school.[A] They have been[B] It is[C] It was[D] Those are6. I have been to the doctor's about my headache. He says there is ________.[A] something serious[B] anything serious[C] not serious[D] nothing serious7. This bicycle is his, not ________.[A] their[B] hers[C] her[D] your8. A good writer is ________ who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way.[A] that[B] he[C] one[D] this[B] demand[C] ask for[D] ask10. His honesty is ________: nobody can doubt it.[A] in question[B] out of the question[C] beside the question例If the teams were not so evenly matched, it would be easier to ________ the outcome.[A] precede[B] expect[C] foretell[D] countANSWER: [C]46. The twins are so much ________ that it is difficult to tell one from the other.[A] similar[B] equal[C] like[D] alike47. The photo ________ happy memories of my early childhood.[A] refreshed[B] brings to mind[C] stimulates[D] reminds myself48. This album is ________ as it was the only one ever signed by the President.[A] unusual[B] unique[C] rare[D] singular49. The firemen managed to ________ the fire in time.[A] extinguish[B] prevent[D] suppress50. I believe reserves of coal here are ________ to last for fifty years.[A] sufficient[B] efficient[C] persistent[D] rich51. This room is partly ________ with a few old armchairs.[A] provided[B] decorated[C] beautified[D] furnished52. Henry’s news report covering the conference was so ________ that nothing had been omitted.[A] clear[B] integrated[C] comprehensive[D] understandable53. These plastic flowers look so ________ that many people think they are real.[A] beautiful[B] natural[C] comparable[D] similar54. We are now ________ a new English-Chinese dictionary.[A] composing[B] writing[C] compiling[D] creating55. The students ________ their thanks to Professor Davis by presenting him with a parting gift.[A] revealed[B] expressed[C] showedEXAMPLE:To test his theory, the scientist set ________ an experiment.[A] up[B] out[C] upon[D] forthANSWER: [A]1. I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.[A] in[B] by[C] with[D] at2. I promise to look ________ the matter as soon as I get back to the head office.[A] into[B] for[C] in[D] after3. They left prior ________ our arrival.[A] at[B] to[C] by[D] of4. The teacher has repeatedly reminded him ________ it.[A] of[B] for[C] with[D] to5. He is indifferent ________ hardships and dangers.[A] of[B] at[C] in[D] to6. During that hard winter, the workers in Detroit went ________ strike.[A] into[C] on[D] to7. John did it ________ his will.[A] at[B] in[C] to[D] against8. Come and see me whenever ________.[A] you are convenient[B] you will be convenient[C] it is convenient to you[D] it will be convenient to you9. This ________ girl is Mary's cousin.[A] pretty little Swedish[B] Swedish little pretty[C] Swedish pretty little[D] little pretty Swedish10. It isn't quite ________ that he will be present at the meeting.[A] sure[B] right[C] certain[D] exact11. Why is there ________ traffic on the streets in February than in May?[A] less[B] fewer[C] few[D] little12. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ________ in a quiet environment.[A] before all[B] first of all[C] after all[D] above all13. His few personal belongings make it possible for him to move from place to[A] in ease[B] at ease[C] with ease[D] with easiness14. Let us try to use our intellect to ________.[A] the fullest benefit[B] the best use[C] the highest profit[D] the greatest advantage15. They did not find ________ to prepare for the worst conditions they might meet.[A] worth their while[B] it worthwhile[C] it worth[D] it worthy16. You will soon ________ this climate and then the changes in temperature will not affect you.[A] get used to[B] get to[C] get over[D] get on with17. Water, when boiled, always ________ stream.[A] gives in[B] gives out[C] gives off[D] gives away18. Their plans for a big party ________.[A] fell out[B] fell away[C] fell off[D] fell through19. Badly beaten, the intruders ________ in disorder.[A] fell of[B] fell out[C] fell back20. The picnic ________ at last after being twice postponed.[A] came off[B] came up[C] put on[D] went on21. Very few experts ________ with completely new answers to the world's economic problems.[A] come to[B] come round[C] come up[D] come on22. His face gave him ________ when he told a lie.[A] off[B] away[C] up[D] out23. Someone must have left the tap on, ________ the water was running over and flooding the bathroom.[A] therefore[B] for[C] nevertheless[D] moreover24. If that idea was wrong, the project is bound to fail, ________ good all the other ideas might be.[A] whatever[B] though[C] whatsoever[D] however25. Take an umbrella with you in case of ________.[A] it rains[B] the rain[C] rain[D] raining26. The man over there is ________ our principal.[B] no other than[C] no one than[D] none other than27. The football match was televised ________ from the Workers' Stadium.[A] alive[B] life[C] live[D] lively28. The size of the audience, ________ we had expected, was well over one thousand.[A] whom[B] who[C] as[D] that29. The Chinese Red Cross ________ a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.[A] assigned[B] contributed[C] furnished[D] administered30. ________ my car is being made ready for a long journey.[A] In the moment[B] At the moment[C] For the moment[D] By the momentThe photo ________ happy memories of my early childhood.[A] refreshes[B] brings to mind[C] stimulates[D] reminds myself46. It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it ________ six hours.[A] ended[B] finished[C] was[D] lasted47. The gloves were really too small, and it was only by ________ them that I managed to get them on.[A] spreading[B] squeezing[C] extending[D] stretching48. Although the false banknotes fooled many people, they did not ________ close examination.[A] put up[B] keep up[C] stand up to[D] look up to49. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ________.[A] facilities[B] appliances[C] instruments[D] equipment50. Charles has not the least ________ of giving up his research.[A] intention[B] idea[C] play[D] desire51. That shop doesn't have brown sugar in ________ at the moment, but they expect to have some tomorrow.[A] storage[B] stock[C] sale[D] demand52. The country has a system of ________, most of which date back to the[A] watercourses[B] rivers[C] canals[D] channels53. The farmers had to wear heavy boots in the winter because the fields were so wet and ________.[A] dusty[B] earthy[C] soiled[D] muddy54. My brother likes eating very much but he isn't very ________ about the food he eats.[A] special[B] peculiar[C] particular[D] unusual55. This is the ________ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.[A] actual[B] genuine[C] real[D] originalSection IV: Structure and Vocabulary (10 points)1985年I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.[A] in[B] by[C] with[D] atANSWER: [A]1. The travellers sought shelter ________ the rain and happened to find a roadside inn.[B] by[C] for[D] with2. To our delight, she quickly adapted herself ________ the situation.[A] with[B] to[C] of[D] into3. The key________ success is hard work and persistence.[A] on[B] for[C] to[D] of4. "Do you regret paying A five hundred dollars for the painting?" "No, I would, gladly have paid ________ for it."[A] twice so much[B] twice as much[C] as much twice[D] so much twice5. This pair of shoes isn’t good, but that pair is ________ better.[A] rather[B] less[C] ever[D] hardly6. ________ do we go for picnics.[A] Certainly[B] Sometimes[C] Seldom[D] Once7. Kunming is usually cool in the summer, but Shanghai ________.[A] is rarely[B] scarcely is[C] hardly is[D] rarely is[A] carries out[B] carries through[C] carries off[D] carries about9. On entering another country, a tourist will have to ________ the Customs.[A] pass through[B] pass by[C] pass over[D] pass for10. The old lady can't hope to ________ her cold in a few days.[A] get away[B] get off[C] get out[D] get over11. Will you ________ my article to find out whether I've made any mistakes?[A] look after[B] look through[C] look up[D] look into12. "Where should I send my application?""The Personnel Office is the place ________."[A] to send it[B] sent it to[C] to send it to[D] for sending it13. David, something important has happened. I wish to ________.[A] talk it over with you[B] talk over it[C] ta1k over[D] talk you over it14. I was advised ________ for reservations.[A] to either telephone or to write the hotel[B] either to telephone or to write the hotel[C] that I should telephone or either write the hotel15. ________ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.[A] For now[B] Since that[C] Now that[D] By nowEXAMPLE:It was the largest experiment we have ever had; it ________ six houses.[A] ended[C] was[D] lastedANSWER: [D]31. He thought the painting was of little ________, so he let me have it for only ten pounds.[A] cost[B] value[C] price[D] expenses32. Tennis is a ________ invented by an Englishman one hundred years ago.[A] game[B] play[C] contest[D] match33. It was with great delight that I read in your February ________ the letter to the Editor written by Prof. Johnson.[A] issue[B] printing[C] magazine[D] copy34. The current political ________ of our country is favourable for foreign investments.[A] climate[B] weather[C] temperature[D] stateOlympiad.[A] way[B] road[C] journey[D] trip36. It's a very popular play, and it would be wise to ________ seats well in advance.[A] book[B] buy[C] provide[D] take37. The children will not be allowed to come with us if they don't ________ themselves.[A] guide[B] behave[C] act[D] direct38. The Customs officer didn't bother to ________ our luggage.[A] control[B] check[C] ask[D] glance39. After a long walk on a hot day, one often feels ________.[A] exhaustive[B] exhausting[C] exhaust[D] exhausted40. What I am telling you is strictly ________. Don't let anyone know of it.[A] secretive[B] special[C] individual1986年EXAMPLE:I was caught ________ the rain yesterday.[A] in[B] by[C] with[D] atANSWER: [A]1. No doctors could cure the patient ________ his strange disease.[A] with[B] of[C] from[D] off2. He was ________ his wits’ end what to do.[A] in[B] on[C] at[D] of3. Prior ________ his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.[A] to[B] of[C] in[D] from4. The driving instructor told me to pull ________ at the post office.[A] up[B] back[C] round[D] along5. When there’s a doubt, the chairman’s decision is ________.[A] right[B] definite[C] fixed[D] final6. We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always ________.[A] unquestionable[B] sound[C] subtle[D] healthy7. The noise of the plane died ________ in the distance.[A] away[B] out[C] down[D] off8. Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work ________ all their time.[A] takes away[B] takes in[C] takes over[D] takes up9. Attendances at football matches have ________ since the coming of television.[A] dropped in[B] dropped down[C] dropped off[D] dropped out10. After the death of their parents, the sisters got well ________ and never quarreled.[A] away[B] in[C] along[D] out11. They always give the vacant seats to ________ comes first.[A] who[B] whom[C] whoever[D] whomever12. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ________ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.。
1981年高考英语试题（附答案）
1981年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语一、句型转换（本题共12分，每小题2分。
）(A)将下列肯定句改为否定句：1.She is from the south.2.Mr.Smith spoke at the meeting yesterday.3.Put the desk near the bookshelf(B)就下列句中的划线部分提出问题：1.The library opens at 8:30.2.This is my sister's coat.3.Edgar Snow was 22 when he first came to China in 1928.二、连词组句仿照例句将下列括号中所给的单词和词组连成句子，写在右边的短信中。
注意上下文的连贯性、标点及大小写。
（本题共10分，每句2分。
）Dear Grandpa,例：(some news/you/I've/to tell/got) I've got some news to tell you.1.(our school term/over/now/is) 1.2.(I/mother/with you/one week/can spend/says/in the country side) 2.3.(may I/my friend Wang Ying/along/bring) 3.4.(next Sunday/we/by/are coming/bike) 4.5.(me/all right/write and tell/this will be/please/whether) 5.love,Xiao Min 三、选择答案在(A)，(B)，(C)，(D)四个答案中，选出正确的一个，填在左边的括号内。
（本题共20分，每小题1分。
）例：(B) My name Li Fang.(A)am (B)is (C)be (D)are( )1. is a hospital near our village.(A)there (B)Their (C)There (D)They're( )2.I from my brother for a long time.(A)not have heard (B)have not heard(C)have heard not (D)do not hear( )3.He drives much than he did three years ago.(A)careful (B)carefully(C)more careful (D)more carefully( )4.Most of us came here .(A) in 1978 May (B)in May 1978(C)on May 1978 (D)1978,May( )5.We will start as soon as our team leader.(A)comes (B)will come (C)come (D)is coming( )6.Is her hair shorter than ?(A)me (B)my (C)mine D)I( )7.My father told me he was soon going to visit .(A)the United State (B)the United States(C)United States (D)United State( )8.I couldn't find my English-Chinese dictionary .(A)anywhere (B)everywhere(C)nowhere (D)somewhere( )9.It when they left the station.(A)has rained (B)is raining(C) rains (D)was raining( )10.We need fifteen more people our team to do the job.(A)but (B) except (C)aswell (D)besides( )11.The Second World War in 1939.(A)broke out (B)broke up(C)broke in (D)broke( )12.You to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.(A)needn't to come (B)don't need come(C)don't need coming (D)needn't come( )13.He doesn't know to stay or not.(A)whether (B)if (C)either (D)if he will( )14.Speak to him slowly he may understand you better.(A)since (B)so that (C)for (D)because( )15.There's not much news in today's paper, ?(A)isn't it (B)are there(C)is there (D)aren't there( )16.The city's underground more people than the buses.(A)brings (B)carries (C)sends (D)fetches( )17.You can see the house for years.(A)isn't painted (B)hasn't painted(C)hasn't been painted (D)hadn't been painted( )18.I can't keep the teacher who speaks so fast.(A)up (B) up with (C)with (D)on with( )19.I can hardly the difference between these two words.(A)point (B)speak (C)talk (D)tell( )20.Don't you remember ?(A)seeing the man before(B)to see the man before(C)saw the man before(D)to have seen the man before四、短文填空在下面短文的空格中填入适当的词，每个空格只许填一个词。
1981年考研真题解析(英一)
1981年考研英语真题答案Section I:Structure and Vocabulary(14points)1.[C]2.[D]3.[B]4.[B]5.[E]6.[D]7.[C]8.[E]9.[B]10.[D]11.[B]12.[E]13.[E]14.[A]Section II:Error-detection(8points)15.[C]16.[B]17.[E]18.[C]19.[C]20.[B]21.[E]22.[B]Section III:Sentence Making(4points)23.She has been travelling in Europe since last month.24.Frankly,the decision should not be considered as final.25.He stood there talking to the stranger a while ago./Standing there,he talkedto the stranger a while ago.26.I can never get used to eating this kind of foodSection IV:Verb Forms(14points)27.be reduced28.leading29.to buy30.Arriving,had been working31.Exhausted32.is being repaired33.has been made,are still considering34.Having met35.go,will have used36.to have been destroyed37.will be goingSection V:Cloze Test(10points)38.less39.by40.to41.by42.possible43.because44.recorded45.that/which46.back47.thisSection VI:Chinese-English Translation(10points)48.The more I study the subject,the more I like it.49.The factory can only supply thirty percent of what we need.50.They did not stop talking until they fell asleep.51.Many people think that electricity is a fuel;but,as a matter of fact,it is not.52.The socialist modernization of our country is an important task that we must strive to fulfill. Section VIII:English-Chinese Translation(40points)(1)联合王国是一个君主政体的国家。
1981年考研英语真题及答案
with the situation. [A] so [B] that [C] so that [D] therefore [E] that is why
5. He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party. [A] refute [B] refuse [C] return [D] ignore [E] decline
12. I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her. [A] that you won’t speak [B] your not speaking [C] you not speak [D] you hadn’t spoken [E] you didn’t speak
1981 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
【Selected】30年考研英语真题及答案(1981-2010).doc
30年考研英语真题及答案(1981-20XX)目录（建议打开“文档结构图”）20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (5)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (25)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (38)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (40)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (54)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (56)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (72)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (74)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (90)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (92)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (108)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (111)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (128)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (130)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (147)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (149)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (167)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (169)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (190)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (192)20XX年考研英语真题答案 (213)1999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (215)1999年考研英语真题答案 (235)1998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (237)1998年考研英语真题答案 (258)1997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (260)1997年考研英语真题答案 (280)1996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (282)1996年考研英语真题答案 (301)1995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (303)1995年考研英语真题答案 (323)1994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (325)1994年考研英语真题答案 (344)1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (346)1993年考研英语真题答案 (364)1992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (366)1992年考研英语真题答案 (383)1991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (385)1991年考研英语真题答案 (402)1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (404)1990年考研英语真题答案 (418)1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (420)1989年考研英语真题答案 (434)1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (436)1988年考研英语真题答案 (451)1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (453)1987年考研英语真题答案 (469)1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (471)1986年考研英语真题答案 (485)1985年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (487)1985年考研英语真题答案 (501)1984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (504)1984年考研英语真题答案 (520)1983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (523)1983年考研英语真题答案 (535)1982年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (537)1982年考研英语真题答案 (548)1981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 (550)1981年考研英语真题答案 (559)20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:ReadthefollowingteGt.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblanAand marA[A],[B],[C]or[D]on ANSWERSHEET1.(10points)In1924America'sNationalResearchCouncilsenttwoengineerstosuperv iseaseriesofindustrialeGperimentsatalargetelephone-partsfactorycalledt heHawthornePlantnearChicago.Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowstop-floorlig hting大1家worAers'productivity.Instead,thestudiesended大2家givingtheirnametothe"Hawthorneeffect",theeGtremelyinfluentialideatha tthevery大3家tobeingeGperimenteduponchangedsubjects'behavior.Theideaarosebecauseofthe大4家behaviorofthewomenintheHawthorneplant.Accordingto大5家oftheeGperiments,theirhourlyoutputrosewhenlightingwasincreased,buta lsowhenitwasdimmed.Itdidnot大6家whatwasdoneintheeGperiment;大7家somethingwaschanged,productivityrose.A(n)大8家thattheywerebeingeGperimenteduponseemedtobe大9家toalterworAers'behavior大10家itself.Afterseveraldecades,thesamedatawere大11家toeconometrictheanalysis.HawthorneeGperimentshasanothersurprisesto re大12家thedescriptionsonrecord,nosystematic大13家wasfoundthatlevelsofproductivitywererelatedtochangesinlighting.ItturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingtheeGperimentsmaybehavel etto大14家interpretationofwhathapped.大15家,lightingwasalwayschangedonaSun day.WhenworAstartedagainonMonday,output大16家rosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayand大17家torisefortheneGtcoupleofdays.大18家,acomparisonwithdataforweeAsw hentherewasnoeGperimentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentuponMon day,worAers大19家tobediligentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweeAinanycase,before大20家aplateauandthenslacAeningoff.Thissuggeststhatthealleged"Hawthorneef fect"ishardtopindown.1. [A]affected [B]achieved [C]eGtracted [D]restored2. [A]at [B]up [C]with [D]off3. [A]truth [B]sight [C]act [D]proof4. [A]controversial [B]perpleGing [C]mischievous [D]ambiguous5. [A]requirements [B]eGplanations [C]accounts [D]assessments6. [A]conclude [B]matter [C]indicate [D]worA7. [A]asfaras [B]forfearthat [C]incasethat [D]solongas8. [A]awareness [B]eGpectation [C]sentiment [D]illusion9. [A]suitable [B]eGcessive [C]enough [D]abundant10. [A]about [B]for [C]on [D]by11. [A]compared [B]shown [C]subjected [D]conveyed12. [A]contraryto [B]consistentwith [C]parallelwith[D]peculiarto13. [A]evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14. [A]disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15. [A]Incontrast [B]ForeGample [C]Inconsequence [D]Asusual16. [A]duly [B]accidentally [C]unpredictably [D]suddenly17. [A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued20. [A]breaAing [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hittingSectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:ReadthefollowingfourteGts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachteGtbychoosi ng[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarAyouranswerson ANSWERSHEET1.(40points)TeGt1OfallthechangesthathavetaAenplaceinEnglish-languagenewspapersduringthepastquarter-century,perhapsthemostfar-reachinghasbeenthein eGorabledeclineinthescopeandseriousnessoftheirartscoverage.Itisdifficulttothepointofimpossibilityfortheaveragereaderundertheag eoffortytoimagineatimewhenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbefoundinm ostbig-citynewspapers.Yetaconsiderablenumberofthemostsignificantcoll ectionsofcriticismpublishedinthe20th centuryconsistedinlargepartofnews paperreviews.ToreadsuchbooAstodayistomarvelatthefactthattheirlearne dcontentswereoncedeemedsuitableforpublicationingeneral-circulationd ailies.Weareevenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusednewspaperreviewspubl ishedinEnglandbetweentheturnofthe20th centuryandtheeveofWorldWarII ,atatimewhennewsprintwasdirt-cheapandstylishartscriticismwasconsider edanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichitappeared.Inthosefar-offdays,it wastaAenforgrantedthatthecriticsofmajorpaperswouldwriteindetailandat lengthabouttheeventstheycovered.Theirswasaseriousbusiness,andevent hosereviewerswhoworetheirlearninglightly,liAeGeorgeBernardShawandE rnestNewman,couldbetrustedtoAnowwhattheywereabout.Thesemenbeli evedinjournalismasacalling,andwereproudtobepublishedinthedailypress.“So fewauthorshavebrainsenoughorliterarygiftenoughtoAeeptheirowne ndupin journalism,”Newmanwrote,“that Iamtemptedtodefine‘journalis m’as‘a termofcontemptappliedbywriterswhoarenotreadtowriterswhoa re.’”Unfortunately,thesecriticsarevirtuallyforgotten.NevilleCardus,whowr oteforthe ManchesterGuardian from1917untilshortlybeforehisdeathin1975,isnowAnownsolelyasawriterofessaysonthegameofcricAet.Duringhislifet ime,though,hewasalsooneof England’s foremostclassical-musiccritics,ast ylistsowidelyadmiredthathis Autobiography(1947)becameabest-seller.He wasAnightedin1967,thefirstmusiccritictobesohonored.Yetonlyoneofhisb ooAsisnowinprint,andhisvastbodyofwritingsonmusicisunAnownsavetosp ecialists.Isthereanychancethat Cardus’s criticismwillenjoyarevival?Theprospe ctseemsremote.Journalistictasteshadchangedlongbeforehisdeath,andpo stmodernreadershavelittleusefortherichlyupholsteredVicwardianprosein whichhespecialized.Moreover,theamateurtraditioninmusiccriticismhasbe eninheadlongretreat.21. ItisindicatedinParagraphs1and2that[A]artscriticismhasdisappearedfrombig-citynewspapers.[B]English-languagenewspapersusedtocarrymoreartsreviews.[C]high-qualitynewspapersretainalargebodyofreaders.[D]youngreadersdoubtthesuitabilityofcriticismondailies.22. NewspaperreviewsinEnglandbeforeWorldWarIIwerecharacterizedby[A]freethemes.[B]casualstyle.[C]elaboratelayout.[D]radicalviewpoints.23.WhichofthefollowingwouldShawandNewmanmostprobablyagree on?[A]Itiswriters'dutytofulfilljournalisticgoals.[B]Itiscontemptibleforwriterstobejournalists.[C]WritersareliAelytobetemptedintojournalism.[D]Notallwritersarecapableofjournalisticwriting.24. WhatcanbelearnedaboutCardusaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?[A]Hismusiccriticismmaynotappealtoreaderstoday.[B]Hisreputationasamusiccritichaslongbeenindispute.[C]Hisstylecaterslargelytomodernspecialists.[D]Hiswritingsfailtofollowtheamateurtradition.25. WhatwouldbethebesttitlefortheteGt?[A]NewspapersoftheGoodOldDays[B]TheLostHorizoninNewspapers[C]MournfulDeclineofJournalism[D]ProminentCriticsinMemoryTeGt2Overthepastdecade,thousandsofpatentshavebeengrantedforwhatar receivedoneforits"one-clicA"onlin epaymentsystem.MerrillLynchgotlegalprotectionforanassetallocationstra tegy.OneinventorpatentedatechniqueforliftingaboG.Nowthenation'stoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalebacA onbusiness-methodpatents,whichhavebeencontroversialeversincetheyw erefirstauthorized10yearsago.Inamovethathasintellectual-propertylawye rsabuzztheU.S.courtofAppealsforthefederalcircuitsaiditwoulduseaparticu larcasetoconductabroadreviewofbusiness-methodpatents.In reBilsAi,asth ecaseisAnown,is"averybigdeal",saysDennisD.CrouchoftheUniversityofMis souriSchooloflaw.It"hasthepotentialtoeliminateanentireclassofpatents."Curbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-face,becau seitwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisi onintheso-calledstateStreetBanAcase,approvingapatentonawayofpoolin gmutual-fundassets.ThatrulingproducedaneGplosioninbusiness-method patentfilings,initiallybyemerginginternetcompaniestryingtostaAeouteGcl ter,moveestablishedco mpaniesracedtoaddsuchpatentstotheirfiles,ifonlyasadefensivemoveagai nstrivalsthatmightbeatthemtothepunch.In20XX,IBMnotedinacourtfilingt hatithadbeenissuedmorethan300business-methodpatentsdespitethefact thatitquestionedthelegalbasisforgrantingthem.Similarly,someWallStreeti nvestmentfilmsarmedthemselveswithpatentsforfinancialproducts,evenas theytooApositionsincourtcasesopposingthepractice.TheBilsAicaseinvolvesaclaimedpatentonamethodforhedgingrisAinth eenergymarAet.TheFederalcircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecas ewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt'sjudges,ratherthanatypicalpanelofthre e,andthatoneissueitwantstoevaluateiswhetheritshould"reconsider"itsstat estreetBanAruling.TheFederalCircuit'sactioncomesinthewaAeofaseriesofrecentdecision sbythesupremeCourtthathasnarrowedthescopeofprotectionsforpatenth stApril,foreGamplethejusticessignaledthattoomanypatentswere beingupheldfor"inventions"thatareobvious.ThejudgesontheFederalcircui tare"reactingtotheanti-patenttrendattheSupremeCourt",saysHaroldC.We gner,apatentattorneyandprofessoratGeorgeWashingtonUniversityLawSc hool.26. Business-methodpatentshaverecentlyarousedconcernbecauseof[A]theirlimitedvaluetobusiness[B]theirconnectionwithassetallocation[C]thepossiblerestrictionontheirgranting[D]thecontroversyoverauthorization27. WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheBilsAicase?[A]Itsrulingcomplieswiththecourtdecisions[B]Itinvolvesaverybigbusinesstransaction[C]IthasbeendismissedbytheFederalCircuit[D]ItmaychangethelegalpracticesintheU.S.28. Theword"about-face"(Line1,Para3)mostprobablymeans[A]lossofgoodwill[B]increaseofhostility[C]changeofattitude[D]enhancementofdignity29. Welearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthatbusiness-methodpatents[A]areimmunetolegalchallenges[B]areoftenunnecessarilyissued[C]lowertheesteemforpatentholders[D]increasetheincidenceofrisAs30. WhichofthefollowingwouldbethesubjectoftheteGt?[A]Aloomingthreattobusiness-methodpatents[B]Protectionforbusiness-methodpatentholders[C]Alegalcaseregardingbusiness-methodpatents[D]Aprevailingtrendagainstbusiness-methodpatentsTeGt3InhisbooATheTippingPoint,MalcolmGladwellarguesthatsocialepidem icsaredriveninlargepartbytheactingofatinyminorityofspecialindividuals,of tencalledinfluentials,whoareunusuallyinformed,persuasive,orwell-connec ted.Theideaisintuitivelycompelling,butitdoesn'teGplainhowideasactually spread.Thesupposedimportanceofinfluentialsderivesfromaplausiblesoundin gbutlargelyuntestedtheorycalledthe"twostepflowofcommunication":Info rmationflowsfromthemediatotheinfluentialsandfromthemtoeveryoneels e.MarAetershaveembracedthetwo-stepflowbecauseitsuggeststhatiftheycanjustfindandinfluencetheinfluentials,thoseselectedpeoplewilldomostoft heworAforthem.ThetheoryalsoseemstoeGplainthesuddenanduneGpecte dpopularityofcertainlooAs,brands,orneighborhoods.Inmanysuchcases,ac ursorysearchforcausesfindsthatsomesmallgroupofpeoplewaswearing,pr omoting,ordevelopingwhateveritisbeforeanyoneelsepaidattention.Anec dotalevidenceofthisAindfitsnicelywiththeideathatonlycertainspecialpeop lecandrivetrendsIntheirrecentworA,however,someresearchershavecomeupwiththefin dingthatinfluentialshavefarlessimpactonsocialepidemicsthanisgenerallys upposed.Infact,theydon'tseemtoberequiredofall.Theresearchers'argumentstemsfromasimpleobservingaboutsocialinf luence,withtheeGceptionofafewcelebritiesliAeOprahWinfrey—whoseoutsizepresenceisprimarilyafunctionofmedia,notinterpersonal,infl uence—eventhemostinfluentialmembersofapopulationsimplydon'tinteractwithth atmanyothers.Yetitispreciselythesenon-celebrityinfluentialswho,accordin gtothetwo-step-flowtheory,aresupposedtodrivesocialepidemicsbyinflue ncingtheirfriendsandcolleaguesdirectly.Forasocialepidemictooccur,howe ver,eachpersonsoaffected,musttheninfluencehisorherownacquaintances, whomustinturninfluencetheirs,andsoon;andjusthowmanyotherspayatten tiontoeachofthesepeoplehaslittletodowiththeinitialinfluential.Ifpeopleint henetworAjusttwodegreesremovedfromtheinitialinfluentialproveresistan t,foreGamplefromtheinitialinfluentialproveresistant,foreGamplethecasca deofchangewon'tpropagateveryfaroraffectmanypeople.Buildingonthebasictruthaboutinterpersonalinfluence,theresearchers studiedthedynamicsofpopulationsmanipulatinganumberofvariablesrelati ngofpopulations,manipulatinganumberofvariablesrelatingtopeople'sabili tytoinfluenceothersandtheirtendencytobeinfluenced.OurworAshowsthat theprincipalrequirementforwhatwecall"globalcascades"–thewidespreadp ropagationofinfluencethroughnetworAs–isthepresencenotofafewinfluen tialsbut,rather,ofacriticalmassofeasilyinfluencedpeople,eachofwhomado pts,say,alooAorabrandafterbeingeGposedtoasingleadoptingneighbor.Re gardlessofhowinfluentialanindividualislocally,heorshecaneGertglobalinfl uenceonlyifthiscriticalmassisavailabletopropagateachainreaction.31. BycitingthebooATheTippingPoint,theauthorintendsto[A]analyzetheconsequencesofsocialepidemics[B]discussinfluentials'functioninspreadingideas[C]eGemplifypeople'sintuitiveresponsetosocialepidemics[D]describetheessentialcharacteristicsofinfluentials.32. Theauthorsuggeststhatthe"two-step-flowtheory"[A]servesasasolutiontomarAetingproblems[B]hashelpedeGplaincertainprevalenttrends[C]haswonsupportfrominfluentials[D]requiressolidevidenceforitsvalidity33. Whattheresearchershaveobservedrecentlyshowsthat[A]thepowerofinfluencegoeswithsocialinteractions[B]interpersonallinAscanbeenhancedthroughthemedia[C]influentialshavemorechannelstoreachthepublic[D]mostcelebritiesenjoywidemediaattention34.Theunderlinedphrase"thesepeople"inparagraph4referstotheones who[A]stayoutsidethenetworAofsocialinfluence[B]havelittlecontactwiththesourceofinfluence[C]areinfluencedandtheninfluenceothers[D]areinfluencedbytheinitialinfluential35. whatistheessentialelementinthedynamicsofsocialinfluence?[A]Theeagernesstobeaccepted[B]Theimpulsetoinfluenceothers[C]Thereadinesstobeinfluenced[D]TheinclinationtorelyonothersTeGt4BanAershavebeenblamingthemselvesfortheirtroublesinpublic.Behin dthescenes,theyhavebeentaAingaimatsomeoneelse:theaccountingstand ard-setters.Theirrules,moanthebanAs,haveforcedthemtoreportenormous losses,andit'sjustnotfair.Theserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepri ceathirdpartywouldpay,notthepricemanagersandregulatorswouldliAethemtofetch.Unfortunately,banAs'lobbyingnowseemstobeworAing.Thedetailsma ybeunAnowable,buttheindependenceofstandard-setters,essentialtothep roperfunctioningofcapitalmarAets,isbeingcompromised.And,unlessbanA scarrytoGicassetsatpricesthatattractbuyers,revivingthebanAingsystemwil lbedifficult.AfterabruisingencounterwithCongress,America'sFinancialAccountin gStandardsBoard(FASB)rushedthroughrulechanges.ThesegavebanAsmor efreedomtousemodelstovalueilliquidassetsandmorefleGibilityinrecognizi nglossesonlong-termassetsintheirincomestatement.BobHerz,theFASB'sc hairman,criedoutagainstthosewho"questionourmotives."YetbanAsharesr oseandthechangesenhancewhatonelobbygrouppolitelycalls"theuseofjud gmentbymanagement."EuropeanministersinstantlydemandedthattheInternationalAccountin gStandardsBoard(IASB)doliAewise.TheIASBsaysitdoesnotwanttoactwitho utoverallplanning,butthepressuretofoldwhenitcompletesitreconstruction ofruleslaterthisyearisstrong.CharlieMcCreevy,aEuropeancommissioner,w arnedtheIASBthatitdid"notliveinapoliticalvacuum"but"intherealword"and thatEuropecouldyetdevelopdifferentrules.ItwasbanAsthatwereonthewrongplanet,withaccountsthatvastlyoverv aluedassets.TodaytheyarguethatmarAetpricesoverstatelosses,becauseth eylargelyreflectthetemporaryilliquidityofmarAets,nottheliAelyeGtentofba ddebts.ThetruthwillnotbeAnownforyears.ButbanA'ssharestradebelowthe irbooAvalue,suggestingthatinvestorsaresAeptical.AnddeadmarAetspartlyreflecttheparalysisofbanAswhichwillnotsellassetsforfearofbooAinglosse s,yetarereluctanttobuyallthosesupposedbargains.TogetthesystemworAingagain,lossesmustberecognizedanddealtwith .America'snewplantobuyuptoGicassetswillnotworAunlessbanAsmarAass etstolevelswhichbuyersfindattractive.SuccessfulmarAetsrequireindepend entandevencombativestandard-setters.TheFASBandIASBhavebeeneGactl ythat,cleaninguprulesonstocAoptionsandpensions,foreGample,againsth ostilityfromspecialinterests.Butbygivingintocriticsnowtheyareinvitingpre ssuretomaAemoreconcessions.36. BanAerscomplainedthattheywereforcedto[A]followunfavorableassetevaluationrules[B]collectpaymentsfromthirdparties[C]cooperatewiththepricemanagers[D]reevaluatesomeoftheirassets.37. Accordingtotheauthor,therulechangesoftheFASBmayresultin[A]thediminishingroleofmanagement[B]therevivalofthebanAingsystem[C]thebanAs'long-termassetlosses[D]theweaAeningofitsindependence38. AccordingtoParagraph4,McCreevyobjectstotheIASB'sattemptto[A]Aeepawayfrompoliticalinfluences.[B]evadethepressurefromtheirpeers.[C]actontheirowninrule-setting.[D]taAegradualmeasuresinreform.39. TheauthorthinAsthebanAswere"onthewrongplanet"inthatthey[A]misinterpretedmarAetpriceindicators[B]eGaggeratedtherealvalueoftheirassets[C]neglectedtheliAelyeGistenceofbaddebts.[D]deniedbooAinglossesintheirsaleofassets.40. Theauthor'sattitudetowardsstandard-settersisoneof[A]satisfaction.[B]sAepticism.[C]objectiveness[D]sympathyPartBDirections:ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableparagraphsfromthelistA-Gan dfillthemintothenumberedboGestoformacoherentteGt.ParagraphEhasbe encorrectlyplaced.ThereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinwiththeteGt.M arAyouranswerson ANSWERSHEET1.(10points)[A]Thefirstandmoreimportantistheconsumer'sgrowingpreferencefor eatingout;theconsumptionoffoodanddrinAinplacesotherthanhomeshasrisenfromabout32percentoftotalconsumptionin1995to35percentin20XXan diseGpectedtoapproach38percentby20XX.Thisdevelopmentisboostingw holesaledemandfromthefoodservicesegmentby4to5percentayearacrossE urope,comparedwithgrowthinretaildemandof1to2percent.Meanwhile,ast herecessionisloominglarge,peoplearegettinganGious.TheytendtoAeepati ghterholdontheirpurseandconsidereatingathomearealisticalternative.[B]RetailsalesoffoodanddrinAinEurope'slargestmarAetsareatastandst ill,leavingEuropeangroceryretailershungryforopportunitiestogrow.Mostl eadingretailershavealreadytriede-commerce,withlimitedsuccess,andeGp ansionabroad.Butalmostallhaveignoredthebig,profitableopportunityinth eirownbacAyard:thewholesalefoodanddrinAtrade,whichappearstobejustt heAindofmarAetretailersneed.[C]Willsuchvariationsbringaboutachangeintheoverallstructureofthef oodanddrinAmarAet?Definitelynot.ThefunctioningofthemarAetisbasedo nfleGibletrendsdominatedbypotentialbuyers.Inotherwords,itisuptothebu yer,ratherthantheseller,todecidewhattobuy.Atanyrate,thischangewillultim atelybeacclaimedbyanever-growingnumberofbothdomesticandinternati onalconsumers,regardlessofhowlongthecurrentconsumerpatternwilltaAe hold.[D]Allinall,thisclearlyseemstobeamarAetinwhichbigretailerscouldpro fitablyapplytheirscale,eGistinginfrastructureandprovensAillsinthemanag ementofproductranges,logistics,andmarAetingintelligence.Retailersthat mastertheintricaciesofwholesalinginEuropemaywelleGpecttoraAeinsubst antialprofitsthereby.Atleast,thatishowitlooAsasawhole.CloserinspectionrevealsimportantdifferencesamongthebiggestnationalmarAets,especiallyi ntheircustomersegmentsandwholesalestructures,aswellasthecompetitive dynamicsofindividualfoodanddrinAcategories.Bigretailersmustunderstan dthesedifferencesbeforetheycanidentifythesegmentsofEuropeanwholesa linginwhichtheirparticularabilitiesmightunseatsmallerbutentrenchedcom petitors.NewsAillsandunfamiliarbusinessmodelsareneededtoo.[E]Despitevariationsindetail,wholesalemarAetsinthecountriesthathav ebeencloselyeGamined—France,Germany,Italy,andSpain—aremadeoutofthesamebuildingblocAs.Demandcomesmainlyfromtwosou rces:independentmom-and-popgrocerystoreswhich,unliAelargeretailcha ins,aretwosmalltobuystraightfromproducers,andfoodserviceoperatorsth atcatertoconsumerswhentheydon'teatathome.Suchfoodserviceoperators rangefromsnacAmachinestolargeinstitutionalcateringventures,butmosto fthesebusinessesareAnowninthetradeas"horeca":hotels,restaurants,andc afes.Overall,Europe'swholesalemarAetforfoodanddrinAisgrowingatthesa mesluggishpaceastheretailmarAet,butthefigures,whenaddedtogether,ma sAtwoopposingtrends.[F]ForeGample,wholesalefoodanddrinAsalescometo$268billioninFra nce,Germany,Italy,Spain,andtheUnitedAingdomin20XX—morethan40percentofretailsales.Moreover,averageoverallmarginsarehig herinwholesalethaninretail;wholesaledemandfromthefoodservicesectoris growingquicAlyasmoreEuropeanseatoutmoreoften;andchangesintheco mpetitivedynamicsofthisfragmentedindustryareatlastmaAingitfeasiblefo rwholesalerstoconsolidate.[G]However,noneoftheserequirementsshoulddeterlargeretailers(and evensomelargegoodproducersandeGistingwholesalers)fromtryingtheirh and,forthosethatmastertheintricaciesofwholesalinginEuropestandtoreap considerablegains.EPartCDirections: ReadthefollowingteGtcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsi ntoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbewrittencarefullyon ANSWERSHEET2. (10points)OnebasicweaAnessinaconservationsystembasedwhollyoneconomic motivesisthatmostmembersofthelandcommunityhavenoeconomicvalue. Yetthesecreaturesaremembersofthebioticcommunityand,ifitsstabilitydep endsonitsintegrity,theyareentitledtocontinuance.Whenoneofthesenoneconomiccategoriesisthreatenedand,ifwehapp entoloveit.WeinverteGcusestogiveiteconomicimportance.Atthebeginnin gofcenturysongbirdsweresupposedtobedisappearing.(46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaAy evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.theevidencehadtobeeconomicinordertobevalid.Itispainfultoreadtheseroundaboutaccountstoday.Wehavenolandethi cyet,(47)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presenceor absence of economic advantage to us.AparallelsituationeGistsinrespectofpredatorymammalsandfish-eatin gbirds.(48)Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by Ailling the physically weaA, or that they prey only on "worthless" species.Somespeciesoftreehavebeenreadoutofthepartybyeconomics-minde dforestersbecausetheygrowtooslowly,orhavetoolowasalevaletopayastim bercrops.(49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.Tosumup:asystemofconservationbasedsolelyoneconomicself-interes tishopelesslylopsided.(50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lacA commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.Itassumes,falsely,IthinA,thattheeconomicpartsofthebioticclo cAwillfunctionwithouttheuneconomicparts.SectionⅢWritingPartA51.Directions:Youaresupposedtowriteforthepostgraduateassociationanoticetorecr uitvolunteersforaninternationalconferenceonglobalization,youshouldco ncludethebasicqualificationofapplicantandtheotherinformationyouthinA relative.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donot signyourownnameattheendof e"postgraduateassociation"instead.PartB52.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethedrawingbriefly,2)eGplainitsintendedmeaning,andthen3)giveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteneatlyon ANSHWERSHEET2.(20points) SectionIUseofEnglish1.A解析：A项affect意思是“影响，感动”;B项achieve意思是“达成，完成”;C项eGtract意思是“提取，榨出”;D项restore是“恢复，重建”.这句话的意思是：他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的，所以答案是A。
1980-2010年英语考研真题
2011考研英语使用说明（必读） 12010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 3 Section I Use of English 3Section II R eading Comprehension 4Part A 5Part B 11Part C 13Section ⅢWriting 14Part A 14Part B 142009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题15 Section I Use of English 15Section II R eading Comprehension 17Part A 17Part B 23Part C 25Section ⅢWriting 25Part A 25Part B 262009年考研英语真题答案272008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题29 Section I Use of English 29Section II R eading Comprehension 31Part A 31Part B 37Part C 39Section III Writing 40Part A 40Part B 402008年考研英语真题答案422007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题44 Section I Use of English 44Section II R eading Comprehension 47Part A 47Part B 54Part C 56Section III Writing 57Part A 57Part B 572007年考研英语真题答案582006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题60 Section I Use of English 60Section II R eading Comprehension 63Part A 63Part B 70Part C 72Section III Writing 73Part A 73Part B 732006年考研英语真题答案752005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题77 Section I Use of English 77Section II R eading Comprehension 80Part A 80Part B 87Part C 89Section III Writing 90Part A 90Part B 902005年考研英语真题答案922004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题94 Section I Listening Comprehension 94Part A 94Part B 94Part C 95Section II U se of English 97Section III Reading Comprehension 101Part A 101Part B 107Section IV Writing 1092004年考研英语真题答案1102003年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题112 Section I Listening Comprehension 112Part A 112Part B 112Part C 113Section II U se of English 115Section III Reading Comprehension 119Part A 119Part B 126Section IV Writing 1262003年考研英语真题答案1282002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题130 Section I Listening Comprehension 130Part A 130Part B 131Part C 131Section II U se of English 134Section III Reading Comprehension 138Part A 138Part B 145Section IV Writing 1452002年考研英语真题答案1472001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题149 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 149Part A 149Part B 151Section II C loze Test 155Section III Reading Comprehension 159Section IV English-Chinese Translation 166 Section V W riting 1672001年考研英语真题答案1692000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题171 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 171Part A 171Part B 173Part C 174Section II C loze Test 179Section III Reading Comprehension 180Section IV English-Chinese Translation 188 Section V W riting 1892000年考研英语真题答案1901999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题192 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 192Part A 192Part B 194Part C 195Section II C loze Test 199Section III Reading Comprehension 201Section IV English-Chinese Translation 209 Section V W riting 2091999年考研英语真题答案2111998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题213 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 213Part A 213Part B 215Part C 216Section II C loze Test 220Section III Reading Comprehension 222Section IV English-Chinese Translation 230Section V W riting 2311998年考研英语真题答案2331997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题235 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 235Part A 235Part B 237Part C 238Section II C loze Test 242Section III Reading Comprehension 244Section IV English-Chinese Translation 251 Section V W riting 2521997年考研英语真题答案2541996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题256 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 256Part A 256Part B 258Part C 259Section II C loze Test 263Section III Reading Comprehension 265Section IV English-Chinese Translation 272 Section V W riting 2731996年考研英语真题答案2741995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题276 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 276Part A 276Part B 278Part C 279Section II C loze Test 283Section III Reading Comprehension 285Section IV English-Chinese Translation 292 Section V W riting 2931995年考研英语真题答案2941994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题296 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 296Part A 296Part B 298Part C 299Section II C loze Test 303Section III Reading Comprehension 305Section IV English-Chinese Translation 311 Section V W riting 3121994年考研英语真题答案3141993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题316 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 316Section II R eading Comprehension 321Section III Cloze Test 326Section IV Error-detection and Correction 329 Section V E nglish-Chinese Translation 331Section VI Writing 3311993年考研英语真题答案3331992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题335 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 335Section II R eading Comprehension 340Section III Cloze Test 345Section IV Error-detection and Correction 347 Section V E nglish-Chinese Translation 349Section VI Writing 3501992年考研英语真题答案3511991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题353 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 353Section II R eading Comprehension 358Section III Cloze Test 363Section IV Error-detection and Correction 366 Section V E nglish-Chinese Translation 367Section VI Writing 3681991年考研英语真题答案3691990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题371 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 371Section II R eading Comprehension 373Section III Cloze Test 377Section IV Error-detection and Correction 379 Section V V erb Forms 381Section VI Chinese-English Translation 381 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 3821990年考研英语真题答案3841989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题386 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 386Section II R eading Comprehension 388Section III Cloze Test 393Section IV Error-detection and Correction 395 Section V V erb Forms 396Section VI Chinese-English Translation 397 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 3971989年考研英语真题答案3991988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题401 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 401Section II R eading Comprehension 403Section III Cloze Test 408Section IV Error-detection and Correction 410 Section V V erb Forms 411Section VI Chinese-English Translation 412 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 4121988年考研英语真题答案4141987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题416 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 416Section II R eading Comprehension 418Section III Structure and V ocabulary 422 Section IV Cloze Test 424Section V V erb Forms 426Section VI Error-detection and Correction 427 Section VII Chinese-English Translation 429 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4291987年考研英语真题答案4311986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题433 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 433Section II C loze Test 435Section III Reading Comprehension 437Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 440 Section V E rror-detection and Correction 442 Section VI Verb Forms 444Section VII Chinese-English Translation 444 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4451986年考研英语真题答案4461985年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题448 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 448Section II C loze Test 450Section III Reading Comprehension 453Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 454 Section V E rror-detection and Correction 456 Section VI Verb Forms 457Section VII Chinese-English Translation 458 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4591985年考研英语真题答案4611984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题464 Section I Structure and V ocabulary 464Section II C loze Test 469Section III Reading Comprehension 471Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 472 Section V E rror-detection and Correction 474 Section VI Verb Forms 476Section VII Chinese-English Translation 477 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4771984年考研英语真题答案4791983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题482Section I Structure and V ocabulary 482Section II V erb Forms 484Section III Error-detection 484Section IV Cloze Test 485Section V R eading Comprehension 488Section VI Structure and V ocabulary 489Section VII Chinese-English Translation 491Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4911983年考研英语真题答案4931982年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题495Section I Structure and V ocabulary 495Section II V erb Forms 497Section III Error-detection 498Section IV Cloze Test 499Section V R eading Comprehension 501Section VI Chinese-English Translation 503Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5031982年考研英语真题答案5051981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题507Section I Structure and V ocabulary 507Section II E rror-detection 510Section III Sentence Making 511Section IV Verb Forms 511Section V C loze Test 512Section VI Chinese-English Translation 513Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5131981年考研英语真题答案5161980年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题519Section I Use of Prepositions 519Section II V erb Tenses 519Section III Verb Forms 520Section IV Structure and V ocabulary 521Section V E rror-detection 523Section VI Chinese-English Translation 524Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5241980年考研英语真题答案527使用说明（必读）—爱你需要理由么？1. 本文件包括自我国研究生入学实行统考以来（1980—2010年）所有31套全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案。
考研英语历年翻译真题及译文(共44篇)
一. 1980考研英语翻译真题及答案Section VI Chinese-English Translation将下列句子译成英语：（本大题共20分，第1题2分，其余各题均3分）Section VI: Chinese-English Translation (20 points)1.水一煮沸请立即把开关关掉。
1. Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2. 在八十年代，中国人民将以更大的步伐向前迈进。
2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’s.3. 我们都同意李同志已作出的决定。
3. We all agree to the decision comrade Li has made (made).4. 这个结果比我们预期的要好得多。
4. The result is much (far) better than we expected.5. 在过去的三年中，在恢复我国国民经济方面做了大量的工作。
5. During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy; in restoring our national economy).6. 我们把英语作为学习西方先进科学技术的一种工具。
6. We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.7. 没有党的领导，我国的社会主义现代化是不可能实现的。
1981年考研英语考题和答案
1981年考研英语考题和答案Section IStructure and VocabularyIn each question, decide which of the five choices given would most suitably complete the sentence. Circle the letter before your choice. Only one choice is to be circled (14 points)EXAMPLE:The guests said that they wouldn’t mind ________.[A] to have a little light music[B] having a little light music[C] have a little light music[D] if they have a little light music[E] that they have a little light musicANSWER: [B]1.She has been working in this factory ________.[A] after 1968[B] in 1968[C] since 1968[D] for 1968[E] until 19682.We can’t understand why he avoided ________ to us.[A] to speak[B] speech[C] having spoken[D] speaking[E] to have spoken3.I am interested in ________ you have told me.[A] which[B] all that[C] all what[D] that[E] everything of which4.It is because she is too inexperienced ________ she does not know how to deal with the situation.[A] so[B] that[C] so that[D]therefore[E] that is why5.He was afraid he would have to ________ her invitation to the party.[A] refute[B] refuse[C] return[D] ignore[E] decline6.She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ________.[A] to[B] with[C] about[D] upon[E] over7.Since she is angry, we ________.[A] had better leaving her alone[B] should leave her alone[C] might as well leave her alone[D] had rather leave her alone[E] must leave her alone8.I wish I ________ to the movies with you last night.[A] went[B] did go[C] could go[D] have gone[E] could havegone9.Scarcely had they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre ________ the curtain went up.[A] than[B] when[C] before[D] as soon as[E] as10.Write clearly ________ your teacher can understand you correctly.[A] since[B] for[C] because[D] so that[E] then11.If the doctor had been available, the child________.[A] would not die[B] would not have died[C] could not die[D] could not have died[E] should not have died12.I’d just as soon ________ rudely to her.[A] that you won’t speak[B] your not speaking[C] you not speak[D] you hadn’t spoken[E] you didn’t speak13.Ten years had elapsed. I found she had ________.[A] a little whitehair[B] some white hair[C] much white hair[D] a few white hair[E] a few white hairs14.The electric shaver ________ before it can be used.[A] needs repairing[B] requires to be repaired[C] should be in repair[D] has to be repairable[E] must repairSectionIIError-detectionEach question consists of a sentence with five underlined parts (words or phrases). These parts are labeled [A], [B], [C], [D] and [E]. Choose the part of the sentence that is incorrect and circle the letter of your choice. Only one choice is to be marked. (8 points)EXAMPLE:We didA the research as goodB as we couldC; howerverD, it did not turn outE to be satisfactory.ANSWER: [B]15.The president of the colledgeA, together withB the deans, areC planning a conference forD the purpose of laying downE certain regulations.16.In order toA convince the director to agree withB their plan, they brought forthC a number of reports xhichD supportedE their argument.17.His method ofA doingB research work is hardlyC appreciated; he feelsD inferior thanE others.18.A series of debatesA betweenB the lecturers wereC scheduled forD the next weekendE.19.The automobile industry is manufacturingAa new typeB of a motorC that will consume lessD gasoline and causeE much less pollution.20.When his plane arrivesA onB the airport in ShanghaiC, I shall already have leftD forE Beijing.21.The industrial trendA isB inC the direction of moreD machines and lessE people.22.The workers wereA alreadyB to work longC before heD arrivedE.Section IIISentence MakingCombine the given words and phrases int0 sentences. (4 points)EXAMPLE:His sons / he / their grandmother / to see / just before his last birthday / takeANSWER:Just before his last birthday he took his sons to see their st month / in Europe / travel / she / since24.the decision / as final / frankly / should / not consider25.to the stranger / talk / there / stand / a while ago / he26.this kind of / can / get used to / I / never / food / eatSection IVVerb FormsFill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the verb given in parentheses. (14 points)EXAMPLE:“Those,” he said, ________ (point) to the books ________ (pile) on the desk, “________ (need) over there now.”ANSWER: pointing; piled; are neededThousands of years ________ (pass) since then; but people still ________ (like)________ (tell) the story of Leonidas and the brave three hundred who ________ (dedicate) their lives to their country.ANSWER: have passed; like; to tell; dedicated27.The public demanded that the prices________ (reduce).28.With the guide ________ (lead) the way, we set off on foot int0 the dark night.29.I need that book badly. If you go to the bookshop this afternoon, please remember ________ (buy) a copy for me.30.________ (arrive) home at daybreak, he felt dead tired. He ________ (work) all night.31.________ (exhaust) by his work, he lay down on the bed to take a rest.32.We’ll have to take a roundabout course, for the road ________ (repair).33.No decision ________ (make) about that matter yet. We ________ (still consider) it.34.________ (meet) Tom earlier today, I don’t need to see him again.35.If you ________ (go) on at the present rate, you ________ (use) up all the petroleum by the end of the month.36.The building is said ________ (destroy) in a fire two years ago.37.The car ________ (go) at the present speed until it reaches the foot of the mountain at about ten o’clock tonight.Section VCloze TestFill in the blanks withproper words (10 points)In recent years television has become the most popular form of entertainment. It does not look as if it will be 大38家 popular in the world of the future. In fact it looks as if television will become more popular than ever. New systems of television have been made possible 大39家 the discovery of the laser. A laser is a beam of light that has many strange qualities. By using a laser, it is possible to throw every large and very clear television pictures on 大40家 a screen. These pictures may be as large as three meters 大41家. Many people could watch this kind of television ser beams have also made very thin television sets 大42家. These sets can be hung on the wall of a room like a large picture. Another development in the future will be three dimensional television; the picture will look more ‘real’大43家 it will have depth as well as height and length.In the near future you will be able to buy your favourite television programmes already 大44家on tapes. They will be like the tapes 大45家 are used in small cassette tape recorders today. You will also be able to record television programmes and play them大46家 later. The laser beam will make 大47家possible.Section VIChinese-English TranslationTranslate the following int0 English. (10 points)48.这门课我们越学越喜欢。