2020届英语高考二轮专题复习课件：第一部分 专题一第三节 主旨大意题
A．The classification of the popular.
B．The characteristics of adolescents.
C．The importance of interpersonal skills. D．The causes of dishonorable behavior. 34．What did Dr.Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids? A．They appeared to be aggressive. B．They tended to be more adaptable. C．They enjoyed the highest status. D．They performed well academically.
现这种情况。讨人喜欢的能力会在今后的生活和工作中发 挥作用，带来良好的适应力。由此可推断，最受欢迎的孩 子往往适应能力更强。adaptable 与本段中的 adjustment 为同义异构现象。
答案：B 35．解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，作者论述受欢迎 度对青少年的影响。本题 A 选项学生理解起来较困难， 可通过排除法去做，B 选项“地位越高越好”，显然违背 文章主旨；C 选项“成为最好的自己，你可以的”，有一
一眼看出正确选项所在了。也可以运用逆向思维法、快速 作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着 从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪 些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选 项。
一、常见命题形式 主旨大意题主要考查对全文内容或某一段的内容的 归纳总结点之一。
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed ， Dr.Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school，as well as those least liked in elementary school，are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”
答案：A
题干中常含有以下词语：main idea/mainly/mainly discuss/mainly concerned/central/primary。主旨大意题最 关键的就是把握主题句和主题词。主题词通常在文章中出 现频率较高，往往会在第一段出现，且带有概括性。有的 类型的文章没有明显的主题句，但可以通过找主题词的方 法解决此类试题，主题词就是文中出现频率最高的词，一 般情况下为名词，记住一句话：主旨大意题的正确选项一 定包含主题词！这样一来就很快可以排除若干干扰选项而
those outcomes，too“. Being liked creates opportunities for
learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help
somebody gain an advantage，” he said.
常见的命题方式有： ①What is the best title for this passage? ②Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? ③What's the main idea of the text? ④ The main idea of the second paragraph is probably that________．
34．解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities...when tapped early，are employed ever after in life and work.”以及第四段中的 “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in status.It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment，high status has just the opposite effect on us.”可知，最不受欢 迎的青少年会对同学变得不友好。那些地位高的人也会出
32．解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的 elementary school 可将答案定位到第一段第一句，该句提到 I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，可推断出，作者在小学时期 是一个慷慨大方的女孩。
答案：C 33．解析：主旨大意题。本题需要整体理解第二段内 容，归纳其段落大意。本段前两句为主旨句，提出受欢迎 度这一概念，并且介绍了 Mitch Prinstein 的理论，把受 欢迎的人分为两类，后面围绕这两种分类展开论述。 classification 与第二句中的 categories 为同义异构现象。 答案：A
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology.Mitch Prinstein ， a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories：the likable and the status seekers.The likables' plays-well -with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships， jump-start interpersonal skills and，when tapped early， are employed ever after in life and work.Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
定干扰性，但文中没有提到成为最好的，而是要成为最受 欢迎的；D 选项“多一些自我控制，少一些攻击性”，文 中没有提到自我控制。再根据最后一段中的“Being liked (讨人喜欢) creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage”可推知，正确选项为 A“友善一点 (讨人喜 欢)”，你将不会排在最后 (你不会完蛋 / 你会笑到最后)。 finish“获得 (名次)”，如 finish first / second etc.
二、命题特点 主旨大意题正确选项的特征： ①通常不含细节信息的词。 ②通常不含绝对意义的词。 ③能概括全文或某段的全部内容；涵盖性强，精确度强， 恰当的表意范围和情感色彩。 主旨大意题干扰选项的特征： ①过于笼统，不知所云。所概括的内容超出原文的范围。
②以偏概全，主次不分。只概括了文章一部分的内 容，或以文章中的细节内容或个别词语做出选项内容。
32．What sort of girl was the author in her early
years of elementary school?
A．Unkind.
B．Lonely.
C．Generous.
D．Cool.
33．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
In one study，Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents，scoring the least liked，the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究)．“We found that the least well-liked
③移花接木，偷换概念。选项中的定语或状语影响 语意范围，或者把属于 A 的内容放在 B 上。
④主观臆测，无中生有，虽符合一般常理，选项中 关键词也在文中提及，但选项的实际含义与文章主题无 关。
In analyzing his and other research，Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion：Not only is likability related
to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for
专题一 阅读理解
第三节 主旨大意题
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ，D 篇)During the rosy years of elementary school (小学)，I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the playground.Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes， breaking rules and playing jokes on others，among whom I soon found myself.
(广西课标版)2020版高考英语二轮复习第二部分专题一主旨大意课件
-3-
Ⅱ.高考范文必背 (2016·全国Ⅰ卷) 假定你是李华,暑假想去一家外资公司兼职,已写好申请书和个 人简历 (resume)。给外教Ms Jenkins 写信,请她帮你修改所附材料 的文字和格式 (format)。 注意: 1.词数100左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
专题一 主旨大意
第二部分
专题一 主旨大意
基础自诊·夯基固本 高频考点·探究突破 新题演练·能力迁移
-11-
Other cultures may use silence in other ways,particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power.For example,Russian,French,and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
2020高考英语大二轮复习冲刺经典专题语篇部分专题一阅读理解第3讲主旨大意类教学案
第3讲主旨大意类题型概述题型破解1 寻找主题句确定文章大意解题指导文章由段落组成，段落的中心思想服务于文章的中心思想，因此找到每个段落的主题句，总结概括后便不难得出文章的主旨大意。
一般情况下，段落的主题句通常在该逻辑段落的首尾，但也有些难度较大的试题会隐含在段落之中，此时要理解全文结构，找到支撑性细节内容。
考生速读文首文尾、段首段尾，搜索主题线索及信息便可快速找到主题句，以下为找到主题句的5个小窍门：1.段落中出现表转折的词语(however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子通常为主题句；2.首段出现疑问句时，对该句的回答很可能就是主题句；3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词(主旨句通常包含关键词)；4.首段出现具体例子或假设时，例子或假设后的内容通常为主题句；5.表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore, in short, conclude, conclusion, thus等词。
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅱ·C篇)Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e－book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's “me” time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know？” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself，” she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local video－grapher, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first－name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week，” he said. “It's a chance for self－reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology，” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.31．What is the text mainly about?A．The trend of having meals alone.B．The importance of self－reflection.C．The stress from working overtime.D．The advantage of wireless technology.解析 A 第一段最后一句，第五段第一句分别是第一段和第五段的主题句，结合全文尤其是第二段的描述及其中反复出现的关键词“eaten alone”，“have breakfast alone”“have lunch by themselves”(一般与主旨相关)，由此可知，本文主要说了独自用餐已经逐渐成为一种趋势，故答案为A。
新高考英语二轮专题训练课件-解题技法总论
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to
his mother-in-law: she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with
his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol—one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
方法: 速读全 文寻主题(找 准主题显答 案)
定 文 _一__位 章段__到 _第__
第一段为文章主 旨句, 点明本文 中 心词为live tDo。gether。故选
Britain.
____
D. A rising trend of living
in the UK.
第四步 有的放矢, 核实答案。通过题干或选项的关键词, 在文中找到 题目的信息区间, 仔细对比, 再次检验答案。
定位到 文章_第__ _五__段__
由Nick的话“From my
2020版河北省衡水中学高三英语二轮复习配套学案教师版课件内容索引
衡中学案
英语
二轮专题复习
第一部分 题型突破·专项提升 专题一 阅读理解 考点1 细节理解题 考点2 推理判断题 考点3 主旨大意题 考点4 词义猜测题 专题二 七选五阅读 专题三 完形填空 文体1 记叙文 文体2 夹叙夹议文 文体3 议论文和说明文 (错 第1讲 语法必备 重点一 动词形式最常考,“谓”与“非谓”要辨清 考点一 千变万化的谓语动词(动词的时态、语态和主谓一致和
情态动词和虚拟语气) 考点二 复杂多变的非谓语动词 重点二 词性转换、比较等级和名词的数 重点三 小词不可忽视——冠词、介词、数词和代词 重点四 经常考查的并列句和三大从句 重点五 增分书面表达的特殊句式 第2讲 语法填空 第3讲 短文改错
专题五 书面表达 第1讲 满分作文的3大技巧 第2讲 书信邮件最常考,目的明确会套语 第3讲 通知、留言、演讲稿,措辞得体突重点 第4讲 记叙说明和议论,文体有别知方法 第二部分 考前回顾·完胜高考
高考英语二轮模块专题复习课件-阅读理解[新课标湖南省]
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模块 4 │ 题型探究
5．How did the people know the couple’s problem? 6．Why was the bike so important to the couple? 【解题策略】 1．掌握技巧，灵活运用 (1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时， 不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方 法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线 索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题 相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。
模块 4 │ 应试点睛
3．正确处理好所需信息与剩余信息的关系 湖南高考的阅读理解选材一般在280—450词，每篇设5 个题，因此一定会有大量的剩余信息。我们在做题时，没 有必要把每一句都弄得清清楚楚，只要重点理解与题目有 关的信息就可以了。这就要求考生在答题时，最好先大体 浏览一下文后的题目，确定主攻方向，然后带着问题阅读 文章，特别要关注首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主题和脉 络，摘取有用的材料，舍弃无关的信息。然后针对测试题 的要求，细心阅读与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落。
模块 4
阅读理解
专题一 专题二 专题三Biblioteka 人物传记类 故事类 新闻报道类
专题四 广告应用类
专题五 专题六 专题七 专题八 文化教育类 历史地理类 社会生活类 科普知识类
模块 4
阅读理解
模块 4 │考纲解读
考纲解读 高考阅读理解要求考生在25分钟内完成3篇不同 题材、体裁的短文理解。阅读理解作为考查考生语言 能力的重点，要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题 的简短文字材料。考生应能：理解主旨要义；理解文 中的具体信息；作出简单的判断和推理；理解文章的 基本逻辑结构；理解作者的意图和态度。其具体要求 为：
2020版高考英语二轮新考势突破课件：2-1-4 阅读理解——主旨大意题
taking_on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales，”
adds Hill.
命题形式
技巧点拨
第13页
引领高考/把握考试
二轮专题复习/考势 英语
For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing
D．Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends
英语
命题形式
技巧点拨
第17页
引领高考/把握考试
二轮专题复习/考势
答案与解析
英语
文章大意：这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了中国文化对世界时尚界的影响，中国年轻
的设计师和模特如何最终在许多方面被认可。中国成了世界时尚的风向标。
C．It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
D．It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
英语
命题形式
技巧点拨
第15页
引领高考/把握考试 2．What does Hill say about Chinese women? A．They are setting the fashion. B．They start many fashion campaigns. C．They admire super models. D．They do business all over the world.
1．辨认主题句。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点，文章的主题通常是每段主题句
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
(浙江专用)2020高考英语二轮复习专题一第三讲理解主旨要义——主旨大意题教案
第三讲 理解主旨要义——主旨大意题主旨大意题是阅读理解中难度较大的一类题目，是拉开分数差距的一个重要考查点。
因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
此类题目可分为三大类：标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。
高考主旨大意题题量统计考纲解读 年份浙江卷 (1)主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。
(2)它既考查细节理解能力，又考查深层次的推理、概括能力，难度较大。
(3)有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义；有时，文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间进行推断。
2019.62(标题归纳题；段落大意题) 2018.111(标题归纳题) 2018.61(标题归纳题) 2017.11 1(文章大意题) 2017.6 1(文章大意题)【考查特点】Ⅰ.把握主旨大意题常见的命题方式：(1)What would be the best title for the text ？/What is the topic of the text?(2)The main idea/The general idea/The main theme of this passage is ________．(3)The last paragraph ends the passage with an emphasis on ________．(4)What is mainly discussed in the text?(5)What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(6)Which of the following statements is best supported by the text?(7)The passage mainly focuses on ________．Ⅱ.掌握主旨大意题的考查角度：(1)标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
【精品推荐】2020高考英语二轮专题复习课标通用版 课件 专题1 阅读理解第1部分 专题1
专题一 阅读理解
目 录
Contents
研究高考 明确考况 读文速递 把握策略
研究高考 明确考况
[真题多维细目表]
卷别 2019
项目
语篇类型
题型设置 细节理 推理判 主旨大 词义猜
解题 断题 意题 测题
卷Ⅰ
应用文；记叙文；说 明文；说明性议论文
7
5
2
1
卷Ⅱ
应用文；夹叙夹议 文；说明文；说明文
• 预计2020年高考英语阅读理解的文章难度会保持稳定， 设题上会加强深度，通过合理设置干扰选项等方式进一步提 高试题区分度。考生备考时，要熟悉各类型语篇的行文特征， 培养语篇意识，加大阅读量，提升阅读速度，扩充词汇和知 识储备。
读文速递 把握策略
• 一、四法“读”文，据情而选 • ★读主题→读题目→读文章→做题目 • 优点：先看懂主题段(往往是第一段)或者各段主题句，能迅
• 二、四则“解”题，笃定应对
• 原则1 标注五类词汇
• 做阅读理解题时，在“读”的过程中，核心读法之一就是 “定位”信息词，找到信息句。而一项行之有效的定位法就 是“做标记”。
• 1．为何“标”？
题目中做标记是为了能在回看和细读原文时迅速想 起标记过同样或者类似的关键词的题目，从而做到“．文． 到．题．”．的．信．息．连．接．。文章中做标记，是为了读题目时想 起标记过同样或者类似的关键词的文章内容，从而做到 “．题．到．文．”．的．信．息．连．接．。这样的两类信息连接做好了， 答案的信息句位置自然就跃然眼前。
卷Ⅰ
应用文；记叙文；说明 文；说明文
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应用文；记叙文；说明 文；说明文
卷Ⅲ
应用文；记叙文；说明 文；说明文
衡中2020版二轮复习 英语PPT课件第1部分 专题1 考点3主旨大意题
better able to relate and connect with others.
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第一部分 专题一 阅读理解
In analyzing his and other research，Dr.Prinstein came to another conclusion：
Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，but it is also responsible for
and jokes，which allowed me to keep my high social status.I was the queen of the 英
二 playground.Then came my tweens and teens，and mean girls and cool kids.They rose 语
轮
复 习
spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains
to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country，the number of big
are employed ever after in life and work.Then there's the kind of popularity that 英
二 轮
appears in adolescence：status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
more aggressive over time toward their classmates.But so had those who were high in