最新英国文学I-wondered-lonely-as-a-cloud赏析整理

I Wan dered Lon ely as a Cloud

By William Wordsworth

1 w andered Ionely as a cloud 我好似一朵孤独的流云,(Simile )

That floats on high o'er vales and hills 高高地飘游在山谷之上,(Simile)

When all at once I saw a crowc突然我看见一大片鲜花,(Pers on ificatio n/Metaphor)

A host, of golde n daffodils ;是金色的水仙遍地开放，

Beside the lake, beneath the trees它们开在湖畔,开在树下,(alliteration)

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.们随风嬉舞,随风波荡。(Personification/Metaphor

Con ti nuous as the stars that shi门前们密集如银河的星星，

And twinkle on the milky way,像群星在闪烁一片晶莹；(一二两行Simile/hyperbole) They stretched in n ever-e nding line 它们沿着海湾向前伸展,

Along the margin of a bay:通往远方仿佛无穷无尽；(三四两行Simile/hyperbole)

Ten thousa nd saw I at a gla nee 一眼看去就有千朵万朵，

Toss ing their heads in sprightly dan ce 万花摇首舞得多么高兴。(pers on ificatio n)

The waves beside them dan ced; but the 粼粼湖波也在近旁欢跳,(pers on ificati on) Out-did the sparkli ng waves in glee 却不如这水仙舞得轻俏；(pers on ificati on)

A poet could not but be gay诗人遇见这快乐的旅伴，

In such a joc und compa ny又怎能不感到欣喜雀跃；

I gazed— and gazed— but little thought 我久久凝视——却未领悟

What wealth the show to me had brought:.这景象所给我的精神之宝。

For oft whe n on my couch I lie后来多少次我郁郁独卧，

In vaca nt or in pen sive mood,感到百无聊赖心灵空漠；

They flash upon that in ward eye这景象便在脑海中闪现，

Which is the bliss of solitude,多少次安慰过我的寂寞；

And then my heart with pleasure fills,我的心又随水仙跳起舞来，

And dan ces with the daffodils...我的心又重新充满了欢乐。(pers on ificati on)

1. The poet：William Wordsworth （1770--1850）, Poet Laureate"桂冠诗

人” ,Lake

Poets湖畔派诗人（与Robert Southey一起）

2? Background：Poem recaptures a mome nt on April 15, 1802, whe n Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy, were walking near a lake at Grasmere, Cumbria County,

En gla nd, and came upon a shore lined with daffodils.（据说根据兄妹一起出去玩时看到水仙，被大自然的妩媚所吸引这一经历写成，体现了是人关于诗歌应描写“平静中回忆起来的情感”，emotion recollected in tranquility）

3. Theme：

1. Nature's beauty uplifts the human spirit. Lines 15, 23, and 24 specifically refer to

this theme.

2. People sometimes fail to appreciate nature's wonders as they go about their daily

routi nes. Lines 17 and 18 suggest this theme.

3. Nature thrives unattended. The daffodils proliferate in splendor along the shore of

the lake without the n eed for huma n atte nti on.

4. Genre: Lyric poem

5. Rhyme Skill:ababcc, efefgg, hihikk, lmlmnn 四步抑扬格?

6? Structure: four sta nzas, each in cludi ng 6 lines

7. Rhetoric（修辞）：Simile 明喻，personification 拟人，hyperbole夸张, alliteration头韵。（已在文中标出）

8. Some Questions

（1）What does the image of cloud suggest to you?

Loneliness, isolation, solitude, aimlessness, aloofness

I wan dered Ion ely as a cloud---Ion eli ness

That floats on---aimless ness

High over vales and hills---solitude, isolati on

Cloud represe nts the feeli ngs

of the speaker (the poet) esse ntially.

(2) What has cheered the poet up? And how?

a host of golde n daffodils,

fluttering, dancing and glittering daffodils

Shine and twinkle as the stars

Stretched en dlessly

The cloud-like poet is deeply attracted by the beauty of the n ature and turns to be high-spirited, in stead of being Ion ely any more.

(3) What has the poet meditated from what he has described? And the theme?

In Ion eli ness or in low spirit, the recollect ion of the n ature beauty brings him “ the bliss” and “ pleasure' in his heart.

Therefore the idea of going back to n ature

is advocated and clearly expressed in this poem.

(4 Pay attention to the tense used in this poem. What does it indicate?

past tense

the recollect ion of the past experie nce will arouse a new sense of the old memories “ what wealth the show to me had brough t

“ the bliss of solitude/ flash upon that in ward eye (5) What does the poem impress you most?

Use of image

Vivid descripti on of n ature

Daily Ian guage

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班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································

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(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释

①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】

外国文学人物形象

1、堂吉诃德人物形象分析：一、堂吉诃德是一个脱离现实、耽于幻想、行动盲目的这样一个人。他因读骑士小说入了迷而想入非非，丧失了基本的理性。他把骑士小说的描写当成现实生活，无视已经发生了变化的时代。二、堂吉诃德是一个纯粹的理想主义者。他痛恨专制残暴，同情被压迫的劳苦大众，向往自由，把保护人的正当权利与尊严，锄强扶弱，清除人世间的不平作为自己的人生理想。或许这就是他那理想化的骑士道，但他对此是如此的迷恋和执着，如此的不可思议，已完全变成偏执。三、堂吉诃德是一个永不妥协的斗士，他为实现理想而奋不顾身的精神令我们折服。堂吉诃德敢于为主持正义、清除罪恶而忘我斗争，不管碰到什么样的敌人，他都毫不怯懦，永不退缩。他把磨坊的风车当作巨人，毫不犹豫地挺枪拍马冲过去。总结以上几点分析，我们可以看到堂吉诃德是一个性格复杂而矛盾的人物。他身上既有滑稽可笑的特点，又有严肃认真的思考; 既荒谬绝伦，又崇高伟大; 既有喜剧性，又有悲剧性，是一个可笑又可悲、可乐又可敬的具有双重性格组合的人物形象。堂吉诃德敢用自己的行动、甚至生命来捍卫道德、正义和信仰，即使大多数情况下都以失败而告终，但他这种不屈不挠、勇于自我牺牲的精神，实在是足可令人敬佩的。 2、哈姆雷特人物形象分析：哈姆雷特形象分析：人文主义者。复杂的性格，有崇高的理想，和人类与世界新颖的看法。目光敏锐，思考深刻，又有高度的社会责任感。但过于内向，过于审慎，加上势单力薄的处境，造成行动上的延宕。有行动的决心，而且不断督促自己，但最后只能与敌人同归于尽。哈姆雷特是个具有先进理想并勤于思索的人文主义者。他的理想和严酷的现实发生尖锐的矛盾。精神的危机，理想的破灭，使他悲郁愤懑，痛苦异常，也促使他不断思索，加深对社会的认识。他从家庭的变故看到宫墙外的社会问题，有强烈的责任感，然而只相信个人的作用，强调思想的力量，因而矛盾重重，思考多于行动，时时感到忧郁、茫然，行动犹豫、延宕。生活在英国新兴势力还处于幼稚阶段的哈姆雷特，找不到也不可能找到正确的途径，最后他虽然奋然一击，与敌人同归于尽，但忧郁始终伴随着他，伟大的理想并未实现，莎士比亚在哈姆雷特身上寄托了人文主义的美好理想，哈姆雷特的性格特征和悲剧结局也反映了人文主义的思想危机和致命弱点。 3、唐璜人物形象分析《唐璜》中的主人公唐璜源自西班牙传说中的人物，多次成为文学作品的题材。传统的唐璜形象是个玩弄女性，没有道德观念的花花公子。但在拜伦笔下，这个人物在多数情况下却以被勾引的角色出现。他的被迫出走，就是因为他或多或少地是那个有夫之妇的牺牲品。唐璜不同于拜伦其他诗歌中的英雄人物，作者无意将他塑造成“拜伦式的英雄”，其中却不乏诗人自传的成分。唐璜热情、勇敢、拒绝虚伪的道德信条。在面临饿死的危险时，他拒绝吃被打死的人，其中不乏象征的意义。在士兵中间，只有他表现出对一个土耳其小姑娘的命运真正的关心。他没有忧郁绝望的天性，但也没有掌握自己命运的能力。他的爱情故事大多是对上流社会虚伪道德的讽刺，而他和海盗女儿海蒂的经历，更多的是体现一种充满诗意的理想。 4、于连人物形象分析