Statement at the 2003 session of the United Nations Disarmament Commission
UNIT 4
1. why does the author think that Yamahata’s pictures compose the fullest record of nuclear destruction in existence? 2. Why were the bodies often branded with the patterns of their clothes? 3. why does author particularly mention “ a view of mountains” in one of the pictures?
Part I paragraph 2-3
The followred: 1. Why is the meaning of Yamahata’s picture universal? 2. Why has Nagasaki always been in the shadow of Hiroshima?
Structural analysis
What makes clear the author's opinion about the meaning of Yamahata’s pictures is the sentence that appears at the end of the first para. What makes clear the author's opinion on what should be done about the existing nuclear peril is the sentence that appears in the middle of the last paragraph: Performing that act is the greatest of the responsibilities of the generations now alive.
综合英语(四)电子教案.docx
Teaching Plan 一Unit 1-16, Book 4 Unit 1每单元题0教学重点和难点Text I Never Give In, Never, Never, Never 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)seem的用法2)It seems that7.Key phrases:Ups and downs; address oneself to; yield to; close an accountText IIWinstonChurchill本章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1.Why does the author urge people to be patie2.What is the change in the widespread mood3.Why does the author change “darker" to "st作业：Making sentences with:1.To…，it seems that • •.2.throw one's mind back 课时分配教学组织安排20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the textsnt?1 referred to in Paragraph 5? terner,,7Unit 2每单元题g教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Space Invaders 1- Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one^s own words;6.Key structure:1)whereas的用法2)In the same way that7.Key phrases: sidled up,carve out, attribute ... to, stakeda claim, to tread on, plowedinto, is ... proportional to,breathe down their necks20 mins Vocabularyl60mins Text StudyText IISpace andDistance60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text木章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1 ・Why does the writer tell his experience at the bank?2.H ow is the concept of personal space defined?3.What is meant by "this tendency59 in Paragraph 4? What did the author think caused this tendency?4.W hat is the characteristic of personal space as described in Paragraph 5?5.Why id personal space shrinking in general?作业：Making sentences with:1. whereas2.In the same way that…Unit 3每单元题目教学重点和难点Text IAlienation and the Internet 1. Vocabulary 2.Structuralanalysis of the text3. T he main idea of Text4. Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5. Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in on&s own words;6. Key structure: 1) .in that 的用法 2) I t is my hope that 3) All things being considered7. Key phrases: for the better, at the expense of,, be confronted with, took advantage of,, in earnest, are available for, prior to, would give...pause to thinkText IIAmericanOnline: Losing the Battles, butWinning the War 木章讨论题(思考题、作业):1. Whaf s the authors viewpoint about the ben negative side?2. What happened to the author^ friend as regi did he see about it?3. What alienated society members before the them in the information age?4. W hat is meant by the "cruel irony 95 that appc5. H ow, according to the author, can the potent 作业：Making sentences with: 1. It's my personal belief that 2. in that 3. All of this being said,…课时分 配 教学组织安排20 minsVocabulary160mins Text Study 60 mins Exercises 30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s); pair discussion about the questions on the textiefit of the Internet? What does he see about its ards the Internet? What negative consequences Internet gained popularity? What alienates ^ars in Paragraph 4? tial of the Internet be realized?Unit 4每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text IA View of Mountains 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:Only if7.Key phrases:come into his own, is brandedwith, for good, lay in, i n certainrespect, come into existence, outskirts, once and for all20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText II Statement at the 2003Session of United Nations Disarmament Commission 60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why is a view of mountains provided by a picture so significant that it was chosen as the title of this essay?2.W hy are Yamahata^s pictures still news?3.In what way(s) is the bombing of Nagasaki the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger?4.What is the universal meaning of Yamahata^ photos?5.Do Yamahata?s pictures fully express the author^ intention of writing? Why or why not?作业：Making sentences with:1.It takes sb sometime to do sth2.only if配Text I The Tapestry of Friendship 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one^s own words;6.Key structure:1 Coordinate sentences with"but" and 'while/whilst'2Coordinate sentences withoutany conjunction7.Key phrases:hang together; pick on;showing... off; make adifference;20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIMy Daughter,My Friend60 mins Exercises30 mins Text 11: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1.What did the woman think of the movie Girlfriends?2.Why did the woman say that the movie camera had shifted its focus?3.What is the subtle distinction between the male and female friendship?4.What does it show that men and women establish their own friendship following different courses?5.What is the example in Paragraph 13 intended to do?6.Why was the woman shocked at men，s description of friendship?作业：Making sentences with:1.not just...but...2.not untilText IA French Fourth 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)in part because2)There were times when3)no other choice than7.Key phrases:take pride in.be immersed in,resonate with,, be exposed to,in one's mind n s eye,, a glimpseof, convey ... to, turn... to20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIStuck in theMiddle60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions onthe text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why does the writer hang the American flag on July 4 though he knows it attracts little attention in Paris?2.W hy do the children seldom mix languages up?3.W hat does the writer think is the benefit of raising children in a foreign culture?4.W hat are the difficulties in raising children in a foreign culture?5.Why does the issue of raising children in a foreign culture present itself to the author time and again?6.What impact does globalization have upon the growth of children in a foreign culture? 作业：Making sentences with:1.in part because2.like nothing other thanText IThe Selling of the President 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1 )Suhjective Mood2)If..., it is that...7.Key phrases:got bogged clown, to bringdown, affect, would bedetrimentaI to, wasclouded, is comfortable with,be... taken in, to his advantage20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIWhat makes aLeader60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1 .What is implied by the word "selling” in the title?2.Why did the quoted campaign specialist say the candidate needed to “keep his mouth shut'，for the success in the election?3.Which part of the text tells us that Nixon ran for the presidency for the first time? How did he lose the election?4.When do TV commercials work most effectively?5.What did Jimmy Carter^ election illustrate?6.Why did Reagon constantly refer to John Wayne in his election campaign?作业：Making sentences with:1.would have ... were it not for2.If …it was that...Text IThe Monster 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)The anaphoric use orrepetitious use of the thirdperson pronoun he2)t o a degree that...3)w hat if...7.Key phrases:sink into suicidal g\oom, for thesake of9.at someone "s expense,out of sorts innocent of, rollinto one, a mania for doing sth.20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IISimpleHabits, DeepThoughts 60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text木章讨论题(思考题、作业):l.In what way was Wagner physically odd?2.W hy did he always take himself as the center of his conversations?3.H ow would he respond to disagreement?4.W hat emotional features did he possess?5.How does the author justify Wagner's arrogance and extrabagance?6.1n what sense may Wagner be said to be a monster?作业：Making sentences with:1.to a degree that2.what ifText I The Discus Thrower 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.T he main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one's own words;6.Key structure:“as though^^7.Key phrases:spy on, prop up, make one's rounds, in time, finger across, heft up, a shard of, give sb the look of, swing acrossText II ARage againstDying本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Does the doctor feel guilty of spying on his2.H ow would you account for the possessions3.Why does the patient ask for shoes time and4.W hy does the patient throw his plate?5.W hat kind of laughter does the patient give?作业:Making sentences with:1.as though2.give sb the look of ... 20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the textpatients? Why or why not? in Room 542?again?)Unit 10每单元题目教学重点和难点课吋分配教学组织安排Text I How I Found My Voice 1. Vocabulary 2.Structuralanalysis of the text3.T he main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in on3s own words;6.Key structure:1)could的用法2)as if的用法7・ Keyphrases:come close to, in a daze, inpublic, vibrant with, round up,be dubious about, be known for,sign up with, be meant to be,express interest in, vent feelingsto20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyTextnThank You,Mr. Chips60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions onthe text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why could the narrator hardly believe that such good things as described in Paragraph 1 could ever happen to him?2.W hy does the narrator describe his moving at the age of five as traumatic?3.Why did the narrator quit Sunday school and church?4.W hy does the narrator say the farm animals knew he could talk?5.W hy couldn^t Prof. Crouch stand not being a part of the narrator's school?6.What event made the narrator open his mouth in public without stuttering for the first time?作业：Making sentences with:1.couldn't stand the fact that2.as ifUnit 11每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Mountain Lion5s Attack! 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3 .The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)ing分词的用法2)动词不定式的用法7.Key phrases:stand one k ground, charge at,shrug off, buck up, spin round,in a fit of rage, jump at, takeover, wander into, crouchdown, perch over, wheelaround, edge back20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IITerror in theNight60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text木章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why did the narrator enjoyably accept the job as a camp counselor?2.Why did the kids giggle and scream and roar when he taught them how to deal with the mountain lion?3.What made the narrator take over the rear in the midway?4.H ow did he move forward the kids in the rear?5.Did the narrator feel any fear of the cougar at the first sight? Can you find any evidence to support your idea?6.What drove the mountain lion away in the end?作业：Making sentences with:1.Working with the kids could …2.keep bugging sbUnit 12每单元题口教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Christmas Lost and Found 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3 .The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one9s own words;6.Key structure:1)subjunctive mood2)It occurs to sb that…7.Key phrases:sort out, cling to, in rapid succession, reckon on, slide into, in a whirl, take sb in, stop by, fix gaze cm, pull up, shape up, in a whirl, flesh and blood, stir upText IIOne SmallStone,Unforgotten本章讨论题(思考题、作业):l.Why did the narrator desire to have as many2.In what ways was Christmas Boy different fi3.W hat is meant by "Christmas lost"?4.W hy did her granddaughter's solo bring bac5.H ow did the narrator find back Christmas?6.What does the narrator think is the real mea作业：Making sentences with:1.It occurred to me that...2.sit rigid20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the textas six children?rom his foster parents?k bitter-sweet memories to the narrator?ining of Christmas?Unit 13每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Promise of 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the20 mins VocabularyBluebirds text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)名词前多个形容词的排序2)i ng-分词的用法7.Key phrases:be confined to, sparkle with, be renowned for, marvel at, get... out of one's head, let go, lose the fight, fashion... out of..., think back to, make sacrifices for sb 160mins Text StudyText IIMy Son, theLion60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why did the narrator wonder whether his father would see any bluebird again?2.How do you understand him when the old man said in his bed that he couldn't and didn't want to let go?3.What was the spirit of craftsmanship the old man brought into his job?4.W hat led the narrator to say that her father became an expert on bluebirds?5.W hat features are shared by Caruso's family and the minef s family?6.W hat did the old man give to the bluebirds and what did they give back?作业：Making sentences with:1.be confined to2.marvel at3.get ... out of one's headUnit 14每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text IThe Idiocy of Urban Life 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text 3-The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one，s own words;6.Key structure:1）强调句式it be...that/who 的用法2）表示强调语气的其他方式3）a s引导伴随状语的用法4）倒装句的用法7.Key phrases:spare no effort, have no knowledge of, compensate for, rat race, clean up .cruise through, head out of, spread over, create simulations ofText II TheCity本章讨论题（思考题、作业）:1 .What is the purpose of mentioning rats as tn2.W hat is the idiocy of the city dwellers' tryin3.Why does the author call the city dweller^ j4.H ow do you understand the sentence "The c through each day../5?5.What accounts for the fact that "Americans world"?作业：Making sentences with:1 • spare no effort2. have no knowledge of20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the mainidea（s）; pair discussion about thequestions on the textue city dwellers?ig to live outside the city boundaries? lourney to work “the first idiocy of his day9'? :ity dweller reels from unreality to unrealityare most round-shouldered people in theUnit 15每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Dolly's False Legacy 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)t hus, in the first place, aboveall, for example, however, bycontrast, moreover等连接词的用法2)r ather than 的用法3)形容词比较级的用法7.Key phrases:impose upon, cope with, in thefirst place, place importanceon, live up to, seek out, beassociated with, be regulatedby, impose upon, emerge from20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIQuietly,AnimalCloningSpeedsOnward60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions onthe text木章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1 .What is Dolly's legacy? Why is it considered false?2.What are the two points that are neglected in the debate over cloning of human beings according to the author?3.In what way is the difference between a cloned child and its natural twin relevant to the main point of the essay?4.W hat is wrong with cloning as a means of bringing back a child killed tragically?5.What is the purpose of giving the example of the production and sale of drugs?6.What would happen if you had yourself cloned someday?作业：Making sentences with:1.rather than2.much higher thanUnit 16每单元题目教学重点和难点Text IThe Story of an Eyewitness 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3. The main idea of Text4. Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text; 5. Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one^s own words; 6. Key structure: Inversion structure 7. Key phrases: out of gear, fling off, wipe out, hold on to, at a disadvantage, play out, weigh down, sweep down, burden...with, play out, stand intact, lighten upText IIMemories of the San FranciscoEarthquakeand Fire 木章讨论题(思考题、作业):1. What is meant by "all the cunning adjustmei2. H ow did man ，s efforts to combat the conflaj3. Why does the author say “An enumeration o4. C an you tell any reason why lines of soldier5. W hy did man give in completely at the end ( 作业：Making sentences with:1. There is no estimating •…2. at a disadvantage3. hold on to课时分 配 教学组织安排20 minsVocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 minsText II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions on the textnts of a twentieth-century city”? ^ration turn out?)f the dead 一 will never be made”？ s were flung before the march of the flames? of the campaign against the conflagration?。
震撼世界的审判中英互译
The Trial That Rocked the WorldJohn Scopes1、A buzz ran through the crowd as I took my place in the packed court on that sweltering July day in 1925. The counsel for my defence was the famous criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow. Leading counsel for the prosecution was William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator , three times Democratic nominee for President of the United States, and leader of the fundamentalist movement that had brought about my trial.2、A few weeks before I had been an unknown school-teacher in Dayton,a little town in the mountains of Tennessee. Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over. Seated in court, ready to testify on my behalf, were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists, led by Professor Kirtley Mather of Harvard University. More than 100 reporters were on hand, and even radio announcers, who for the first time in history were to broadcast a jury trial. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered, throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open.3、The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at the secondary school. For a number of years a clash had been building up between the fundamentalists and the modernists. The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament. The modernists, on the otherhand, accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin -- that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor.4、Fundamentalism was strong in Tennessee, and the state legislature had recently passed a law prohibiting the teaching of "any theory that denies the story of creation as taught in the Bible." The new law was aimed squarely at Darwin's theory of evolution. An engineer, George Rappelyea, used to argue with the local people against the law. During one such argument, Rappelyea said that nobody could teach biology without teaching evolution. Since I had been teaching biology, I was sent for.5、"Rappelyea is right," I told them.6、"Then you have been violating the law," one of them Said.7、"So has every other teacher," I replied. "Evolution is explained in Hunter's Civic Biology, and that's our textbook."8、Rappelyea then made a suggestion. "Let's take this thing to court," he said, "and test the legalityof it."9、When I was indicted on May 7, no one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history. The American Civil Liberties Union announced that it would take my case to the U. S Supreme Court if necessary to “establish that a teacher may tell the truth without being sent to jail." Then Bryan volunteered to assist the state in prosecuting me. Immediately therenownedlawyer Clarence Darrow offered his services to defend me. Ironically, I had not known Darrow before my trial but I had met Bryan when he had given a talk at my university. I admired him, although I did not agree with his views.10、By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on a circusatmosphere. The buildings along the main street were festoonedwith banners. The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sproutedwith rickety stands selling hot dogs, religious books and watermelons. Evangelists set up tents to exhortthe passersby. People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the " infidel outsiders." Among them was John Butler, who had drawn up the anti-evolution law. Butler was a 49-year-old farmer who before his election had never been out of his native county.11、The presiding judge was John Raulston, a florid-faced man who announced: "I'm just a reg’lar mountaineer jedge." Bryan, ageing and paunchy , was assisted in his prosecution by his son, also a lawyer, and Tennessee's brilliant young attorney-general, Tom Stewart. Besides the shrewd 68-year-old Darrow, my counsel included the handsome and magnetic Dudley Field Malone, 43, and Arthur Garfield Hays, quiet, scholarly and steeped in the law. In a trial in which religion played a key role, Darrow was an agnostic, Malone a Catholic and Hays a Jew. My father had come from Kentucky to be with me for the trial.12、The judge called for a local minister to open the session with prayer, and the trial got under way. Of the 12 jurors, three had never read any book except the Bible. One couldn't read. As my father growled, "That's one hell of a jury!"13、After the preliminary sparring over legalities, Darrow got up to make his opening statement. "My friend the attorney-general says that John Scopes knows what he is here for," Darrow drawled. "I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotryare rampant, and it is a mighty strong combination."14、Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. "Today it is the teachers, "he continued, "and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century when bigots lighted faggots to burn the men who dared to bring any intelligence and enlightenment and Culture to the human mind. "15、"That damned infidel," a woman whispered loudly as he finished his address.16、The following day the prosecution began calling witnesses against me. Two of my pupils testified, grinning shyly at me, that I had taught them evolution, but added that they had not been contaminated by theexperience. Howard Morgan, a bright lad of 14, testified that I had taught that man was a mammal like cows, horses, dogs and cats.17、"He didn't say a cat was the same as a man?" Darrow asked.18、"No, sir," the youngster said. "He said man had reasoning power."19、"There is some doubt about that," Darrow snorted.20、After the evidence was completed, Bryan rose to address the jury. The issue was simple, he declared "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below." The spectators chuckled and Bryan warmed to his work. In one hand he brandished a biology text as he denounced the scientists who had come to Dayton to testify for the defence.21、"The Bible," he thundered in his sonorous organ tones, " is not going to be driven out of this court by experts who come hundreds of miles to testify that they can reconcile evolution, with its ancestors in the jungle, with man made by God in His image and put here for His purpose as par t of a divine plan."22、As he finished, jaw out-thrust, eyes flashing, the audience burst into applauseand shouts of "Amen". Yet something was lacking. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breath of his oratory as he should have.23、Dudley Field Malone popped up to reply. "Mr. Bryan is not the only one who has the right to speak for the Bible,”he observed. "There are other people in this country who have given up their whole lives to God and religion. Mr. Bryan, with passionate spirit and enthusiasm, has given most of his life to politics." Bryan sipped from a jug of water as Malone's voice grew in volume. He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. 24、"There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is eternal, immortal and needs no human agency to support it! "25、When Malone finished there was a momentary hush. Then the court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan. But although Malone had won the oratorical duel with Bryan, the judge ruled against permitting the scientists to testify for the defence.26、When the court adjourned, we found Dayton's streets swarming with strangers. Hawkerscried their wares on every corner. One shop announced: DARWIN IS RIGHT –INSIDE. (This was J. R. Darwin's Everything to Wear Store.) One entrepreneur rented a shop window to display an ape. Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponderwhether they might be related.27、"The poor brute cowered in a corner with his hands over his eyes, ”a reporter noted, "afraid it might be true. "28、H. L. Mencken wrote sulphurous dispatches sitting in his pants with a fan blowing on him, and there was talk of running him out of town for referring to the local citizenry as yokels . Twenty-two telegraphists were sending out 165,000 words a day on the trial.29、Because of the heat and a fear that the old court's floor might collapse, under the weight of the throng, the trial was resumed outside under the maples. More than 2,000 spectators sat on wooden benches or squattedon the grass, perched on the tops of parked cars or gawked from windows.30、Then came the climax of the trial. Because of the wording of the anti-evolution law, the prosecution was forced to take the position that the Bible must be interpreted literally. Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defence. The judge looked startled. "We are calling him as an expert on the Bible," Darrow said. "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."31、Bryan was suspicious of the wily Darrow, yet he could not refuse the challenge. For years he had lectured and written on the Bible. He had campaigned against Darwinism in Tennessee even before passage of theanti-evolution law. Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.32、Under Darrow's quiet questioning he acknowledged believing the Bible literally, and the crowd punctuated his defiant replies with fervent "Amens".33、Darrow read from Genesis: "And the evening and the morning were the first day." Then he asked Bryan if he believed that the sun was created on the fourth day. Bryan said that he did.34、"How could there have been a morning and evening without any sun?" Darrow enquired.35、Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. There were sniggers from the crowd, even among the faithful. Darrow twirled his spectacles as he pursued the questioning. He asked if Bryan believed literally in the story of Eve. Bryan answered in the affirmative.36、"And you believe that God punished the serpent by condemning snakes for ever after to crawl upon their bellies?"37、"I believe that."38、"Well, have you any idea how the snake went before that time?"39、The crowd laughed, and Bryan turned livid. His voice rose and the fan in his hand shook in anger.40、"Your honor," he said. "I will answer all Mr. Darrow's questions at once. I want the world to know that this man who does not believe in God is using a Tennessee court to cast slurs on Him..."41、"I object to that statement,”Darrow shouted. “I am examining you on your fool ideas that no intelligent Christian on earth believes."42、The judge used his gavel to quell the hubbuband adjourned court until next day.43、Bryan stood forlornly alone. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand.44、The jury were asked to consider their verdict at noon the following day. The jurymen retired to a corner of the lawn and whispered for just nine minutes. The verdict was guilty. I was fined 100 dollars and costs.45、Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a "victorious defeat." A few southern papers, loyal to their faded champion, hailed it as a victory for Bryan. But Bryan, sad and exhausted, died in Dayton two days after the trial.46、I was offered my teaching job back but I declined. Some of the professors who had come to testify on my behalf arranged a scholarship for me at the University of Chicago so that I could pursue the study of science. Later I became a geologist for an oil company.47、Not long ago I went back to Dayton for the first time since my trial 37 years ago. The little town looked much the same to me. But now there isa William Jennings Bryan University on a hill-top over looking the valley.48、There were other changes, too. Evolution is taught in Tennessee, though the law under which I was convicted is still on the books. The oratorical storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States, bringing in its wake a new climate of intellectual and academic freedom that has grown with the passing years.(from Reader's Digest, July, 1962)第十课震撼世界的审判约翰o司科普斯在一九二五年七月的那个酷热日子里，当我在挤得水泄不通的法庭里就位时，人群中响起一阵嘁嘁喳喳的议论声。
基础英语(四)-教学大纲
《基础英语（四）》课程教学大纲【课程基本信息】课程名称：基础英语（四）课程代码：020010课程类别及性质：专业必修课学分/学时：4学分/108学时教材版本：综合英语教程Book 4 【何兆熊主编，综合教程，上海外语教育出版社；2008年5月】教学对象：英专二年级【教学目的与基本要求】通过对本课程的学习，学生将对每个单元的相关文化背景知识做必要的了解，注重对学生的听、说、读、写、译等方面能力的训练，以及对基础语法和词汇的熟练掌握和正确运用，在语言学习的过程中提高学生的综合素质，培养学生的思维能力。
在本学期末，通过本课程的学习，学生应该达到以下要求：1、词汇通过练习能够用英语对词语、句子进行释义；在掌握基本词汇用法的基础上扩大词汇量；掌握课文中出现的词汇及拓展词汇（重点词汇重点掌握，掌握其意思及用法）以及由这些词汇所构成的常用词组，另外加强对专业四级常见词汇的练习。
2、语法学会分析长句结构，巩固及加深以前学过的语法知识，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。
3、阅读能力了解英语中各种文体的作用和特点；认识和辨别课文中出现的各种修辞手法，掌握中心大意以及说明中心大意的事实和细节，并能够进行一定的分析、推理和判断，领会整理的观点和态度，使学生掌握一般难度英语原文著作的阅读技巧，提高阅读速度。
4、听的能力通过使用英语授课，提高学生的听觉会意能力；通过听写练习，提高学生应对英语专业四级听写部分的能力。
5、说的能力能就教材内容和适当的话题进行回答和复述，能用英语进行一般的日常会话，能在短暂准备后做简短发言，能够比较清楚地表达思想，语音、语调基本正确。
6、写的能力能够在教师指导下分析、欣赏文章的写作技巧、文章的结构、语言特点；使学生初步掌握各种文章的写作能力及写作技巧7、译的能力能够通过练习使用固定的词汇或短语将简单的汉语句子翻译成英语，理解正确，能够准确在两种语言之间进行翻译。
【教学方法】1、进行课文导入，如与课文相关的背景知识和整理介绍等。
应用文Unit+8-Notice+and+Announcement
It may be an announcement of a meeting, a party, a film or video show, a contest, a match, etc. Such a notice includes at least 4 parts: 1. Date – day of the week – time 2. Place 3. Activity 4.Audience
• Language should be concise, simple, accurate and formal
English Writing Ⅰ
REMINDERS
In notice writing people tend to sound formal and avoid using words like “I”, “we”, etc
on Tuesday, May 11, 2015, at 9:00 a.m. in Room 422 of the Main Teaching Building. All teachers of first-year and second-year students
Date, time Venue
are expected to attend the class.
The Student Union
December 31, 2014
FORMAT OF A NOTICE
Notice
Notice
An Open English class will be offered
purpose
by Mr. Jianguo Wang, professor of English Pedagogy
Who is to attend
外事笔译
• 外事翻译的定义 外事翻译就是外事话语（discourse of foreign affairs)的翻译。具体而言，就是把一种语言在 某一外事话语中表达的意义用另一种语言中符 合外事活动话语规范的语言表达出来，使译文 能够在听者或读者中产生与源语外事话语在源 语听者或读者中产生的相同效果。
• 外事翻译的特点 外事翻译的内容主要是在各种外交、外事场合上口头和书 面的讲话和文件。在外事场合，口、笔译往往同时使用。 比如建交谈判、关于国际公约的谈判，都要求译员既能 口译，又能将所谈的内容和结果落实到文字上，成为公 报、公约、条约、备录、协议等。有时是先口译，然后 产生文件。有时则在讲话、演讲前将稿件译好，再到现 场作口译。
• 联合公报：是政党之间、国家之间或政府之间就某些重 大事项或问题经过会谈、协商取得一致意见或达成谅解 后，双方联合签署发布的文件。 • 新闻公报：是以新闻的形式将重大事件向国内外公布的 文件。与新闻相似，新闻公报在语义组织上遵循新闻写 作中的“首重原则”，即将最主要的信息在文本的开头 就呈现出来，然后按信息的重要程度依次组织文本。 • 联合新闻公报：既具有联合公报的正式性和信息性，也 具有新闻公报的时效性和新闻性。
• 第三，就翻译处理方式而言，外事翻译可分为全译、节 译、摘译、编译和译述等类别。
•
本课程以外事笔译为主体教学内容，主要包括各类外事文书。外事文书分类如下：
外交文书：国家间、政府间、外交部和驻外外交代表机关在外交活动 中形成的书面文件。（公报、声明、宣言、白皮书等）
对外文书：国家机关、地方政府、军队、人民团体及其领导人和官员 在外事活动中形成的书面文件。（外事活动中的领导人发言稿、涉 外合同等） 对外交往文书：对外交往中为处理一系列事务性和日常性工作而制作 和使用的文书。（照会、备忘录、邀请信和请柬、对外函件外事访 问日程表、涉外名片等） 涉外礼仪文书：以信函和电子邮件方式传递信息、互通情况及交流感 情的涉外文书。（祝贺函电、感谢函电、慰问函电、吊唁函电等） 涉外旅行文书：涉外旅行管理机构和出国人员在办理出入世界各国过 境手续过程中制作和使用的一系列专用文书。（护照、签证与签证 申请表、黄皮书、入境表与出境表、海关申报表等）
2003年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题
2003年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题2003 National English Contest for College Students （Preliminary）(1)Part I Listening Comprehension（30 minutes，30 points）Section A Dialogues（10points）Directions：In this section ，you will hear 10 short dialogues．At the end of each dialogue，a question will be asked about what was said．Both the dialogue and the question will be read only once．After each question there will be a pause．during the pause，you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D，and decide which is the best answer．Then m ark the corresponding letter on the An swer Sheet with a single line through the centre．1．A．A sales clerk．B．A police officer．C．A tailor．D．A nurse．2．A．By train．B．She walks．C．By car．D．By bus．3．A．Fish is the only dish left．B．Chicken is the only dish left．C．V egetarian m eals are not offered．D．There aren't any vegetarian meals left．4．A．He starts work next weekend．B．He'll be away．C．He'll be in the m ountains．D．He's moving to Florida．5．A．In an elevator．B．At a dress store．C．On the seventh floor．D．At a department store．6．A．They felt it was disorganized．B．They were pleased with its Asian content．C．They felt it lacked Asian content．D．They felt it ignored recent events．7．A．He doesn't have enough time．B．He doesn't have a watch．C．The library doesn't have the articles he wants．D．He can't find the library．8．A．He wants the woman to dine out with them．B．He wants to work tomorrow．C．He wants the woman to finish dinner first．D．He wants to pay for the dinner．9．A．Twice a day．B．Twice a week．C．Once a week．D．Daily．10．A．At two o'clock．B．At four o'clock．C．At three thirty．D．At eight o'clock．Section B News Items（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear 10 pieces of short news from BBC or VOA．There will be a question following each piece of news．Write down the answer to each question in no more than 15words．11．_______________________________________12．_______________________________________13．_______________________________________14．_______________________________________15．_______________________________________16．_______________________________________17．_______________________________________18．_______________________________________19．_______________________________________20．_______________________________________Section C Compound Dictation（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea．Then listen to the passage again．When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 21 to 28 with the exact words you have just heard．For blanks numbered from 29 to 30，you are required to fill in the missing information．You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words．Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written and rewrite the correct answers on the Answer Sheet．Although General Motors and General Electric are large multinational companies with operations around the globe，there are numerous smaller companies that engage in international trade．Because 95percent of the world's population and two-thirds of its（21）_____ power are located outside the United States，it is im portant for American（22）_____to be present in foreign markets．However，before we explain the different methods by which a company may（23）_____in international trade，we might first consider some important（24）_____that U.S．companies often fail to study before they sell products in a foreign country．These factors are（25）_____with differences in language，in values and attitudes，and in political（26）_____．When（27）_____Coca-Cola into the Chinese market in 1920，the company used a group of Chinese symbols that，when spoken，sounded like Coca-Cola．However，when read，these symbols meant，“a female horse fattened with wax”．Upon reentering the Chinese market in the 1970s，Coca-Cola used a series of Chinese（28）_____that translates into“happiness in the mouth”．（29）_________________________．Culture is the total pattern of human behavior that is practiced by a particular group of people．（30）_________________________．Part II Vocabulary and Structure（15minutes，30 points）Section A Multiple Choice（20 points）Directions：Questions 31-50 constitute a complete passage．There are 20blanks in the passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．31．Senior Metropolitan police officers tried to dismiss the Notting Hill race riots which raged for five nights over the August bank holiday in 1958 as the work of“ruffians ，both coloured and white”hell-bent on hooliganism ，according to _____ official files．A．recent revealed B．newly releasedC．previous disclosing D．earlier exposing32．But police eyewitness reports in the secret papers_____ that they were overwhelmingly the work of a white working class mob out to get the“niggers”．A．contain B．convinceC．consist D．confirm33．The ferocity of the Notting Hill“racial riots”，as the press called them at the time，shocked Britain into_____ for the first time that it was not above the kind of racial conflict then being played out in the American deep south．A．realizing B．witnessingC．watching D．identifying34．The carnival，which will_____ the streets of west London _____more than 1.5 million people this weekend，was started in 1959 as a direct rsponse to the riots．A．crowd；of B．pour；forC．fill；with D．emerge；in35．While senior officers tried to play down the racial aspects of the riots，the internal Metropolitan police files released this month at the public record office confirm that the disturbances were overwhelmingly _____ by 300 to 400 strong“Keep Britain White”mobs ，many of them Teddy boys armed with iron bars ，butcher's knives and weighted leather belts，who went“nigger-hunting”among the West Indian residents of Notting Hill and Notting Dale．A．erupted B．commencedC．triggered D．inaugurated36．The first night left five black men _____ on the pavements of Notting Hill．A．lying unconscious B．there diedC．feel faint D．serious hurt37．The battles raged over the bank holiday weekend as the black _____responded in kind with counterattacks by large groups of“men of colour”similarly armed．A．column B．armyC．brigade D．community38．Thomas Williams was stopped by the police as he came out of Bluey's Club on Talbot Road，Notting Hill．He _____a piece of iron down his left trouser leg，a petrol bomb in his right pocket and a razor blade in his inside breast pocket：“I have to protect myself，”he told the arresting officer．A．found to have B．was found to haveC．found having D．was found having39．The _____ files，which were sealed under the 75-year rule but have been released early，show that senior officers tried to convince the then home secretary，“Rab”Butler，that there was not a racial element to the rioting．A．forbidden B．confidentialC．incredible D．strict40．In his official report，Detective Sergeant M.Walters of the Notting Hill police said the national press had been wrong to portray the“widespread series of street disturbances”as“racial”riots：“W hereas there certainly was some _____ feeling between white and coloured residents in this area，it is abundantly clear much of the trouble was caused by ruffians，both coloured and white，who seized on this opportunity to indulge in hooliganism ．”A．ill B．sickC．painful D．hurt41．But the police witness statem ents and private statistics _____ ．A．told differently B．interpreted in a different wayC．existed m any differences D．told a different story42．The Met com missioner was told that _____ the 108people who were charged with offences ranging from grievous bodily harm to affray and riot and possessing offensive weapons，72 were white and 36 were “coloured”．A．for B．fromC．of D．in43．It is popularly believed that the riot began on the night of Saturday，August 20，when a 400-strong crowd of white men，_____“Teds”，attacked houses occupied by West Indians．A．they are all B．many of themC．some were D．most of them belong to44．Among the _____ was Majbritt Morrison ，a young white Swedish bride of a Jamaican．A．offenders B．riotersC．victims D．residents45．She was pelted with stones，glass and wood，and _____ in the back with an iron bar as she tried to get home．A．bruised B．struckC．patted D．scratched46．The internal police witness statements provide graphic evidence of the motives of the mobs—at one point crowds several thousand strong roamed the streets of Notting Hill，_____ homes and attacking any West Indian they could find．A．plunging into B．breaking intoC．seeking for D．searching for47．PC Richard Bedford said he had seen a mob of 300 to 400 white people in Bramley Road _____：“We will kill all black bastards．Why don't you send them home？”A．shouting B．to cryC．utter D．announced48．PC Ian McQueen on the same night said he was told：“Mind your own _____，cops．Keep out of it．We will settle these niggers our way．We'll m urder the bastards．”A．matters B．affairC．things D．business49．The distubances continued night after night until they finally petered out on September 5．At the Old Bailey Judge Salmon later handed down exemplary _____ of four years each on nine white youths who had gone “nigger hunting”．A．decisions B．statementsC．trials D．sentences50．While those dealt with by the courts were overwhelmingly white ，the large number of black people also arrested and the official _____ there had not been a racial motive ensured a legacy of black mistrust of the Metropolitan police that has never really been eradicated．A．persistence B．perseveranceC．insistence D．instanceSection B Er r or Cor r ection（10points）Directions：The following passage contains 9 errors．In each case only one word is involved．You should proofread the passage on the Answer Sheet and correct it in the following way：EXAMPLEOne night，quite late，I was still awake in the room I am shared with 1 am ．my husband．I was lying on my right side and can hear a child crying．2 cound ．Getting up，I went∧see if our son was all right．3 to ．He was sleeping soundly，breathing deeply and gently．4 √．The ZipperWhatever did we do before the invention of the zipper？In 1893 the world's first zipper was produced in Chicago．Although the inventor claimed that it was a reliable fasteningfor clothing，this was not the case．The Chicago zipper sprang 51．______open without warning，or jammed shut，and it swiftly lostpopularity．Twenty years ago a Swedish-born engineer called 52．______Sundback solved the problem．He attached tiny cups to thebacks of the interlocked teeth，and this meant that the teeth 53．______could be enmeshed more firmly and reliably．At first zippers were made of metal．They were heavy，andif they got stuck it was difficult to free．Then came nylon 54．______zippers which were lighter and easier to use，and had smallerteeth．The fashion industry liked the new zippers far betterbecause they did't distort the line of the garment or weighing 55．______down light fabrics．They were also easier for the machiniststo fit into the garment．Meanwhile a new fastening agent made its appearance atthe end of the twenty century :velcro. Velcro is another product 56．______made from nylon．Nylon is a very tough synthetic fibre firstdeveloped in the 1930s，and bearing a name to mind the wearer 57．______of the two places where it was developed：NY for New York andLON for London．Velcro is made with very small nylon hooks onone side of the fastening which caught tiny looped whiskers on the 58．______other side of the fastening．It is strong and durable．Velcro is used on clothing，luggages and footwear．It is quick 59．______and easy to fasten and unfasten，and has taken a large part ofthe zipper's share of the market．It is also used in ways a zippercannot be used—for instance as an easily changed fastening onplaster casts，and to hold furnishing fabrics in a position．60．______Part III Situational Dialogues（5 minutes，10 points）Directions：Complete the following dialogues by choosing the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．61．Rob：Hey Jill，you're looking great．Jill：Thanks，Rob．____________Rob：Well，you did it．How？Jill：I jog every morning，and I go to aerobics every other day．A．I bought this dress yesterday．Really smart．B．You are looking fine too．C．I'm recovering my strength after the flu．D．My New Year's resolution was to get in shape．62．Bob：Hi Jane．How are you？Jane：____________I didn't sleep a wink last night．The people next door were making a lot of noise again till very late at night．A．I'm feeling a bit out of sorts this morning．B．Fine，thank you．And you？C．I slept like a log and didn't want to get out of bed．D．It seems a bit unusual，you know．63．Ann ：Aah！He's gorgeous！Look at those big，golden paws．When did you get him？Roger：Yesterday．____________Ann ：Oh，right．What kind is she？Roger：A Labrador．A．Susan's got a more beautiful one．B．What's up？C．It's a she actually．D．Isn't it right？64．Tina：Wow，look at all the things on sale．____________Andrew：Yes，look，this shirt is 50 ％off．Tina：And look at these shoes．They are 30 ％off the normal price．A．I'd like to buy a skirt．B．There are some real bargains．C．Are the prices reasonable？D．These shoes are the same as mine．65．Woman：Have you finished the packaging？Man ：____________Woman：Good．Because the truck will be coming soon，this is a rush job．A．Don't hurry m or I'll break the glass．B．Almost．I just have to wrap the glass and put it into boxes．C．No，I haven't．Why didn't you help me with it？D．Yes，I have．What else can I do for you？66．Customs Officer ：________________________Mrs．John son ：No，nothing at all．Customs Officer ：No perfume，alcohol or cigarettes？Mrs．John son ：Well，I have 200 cigarettes；that's all．A．Do you have anything in the bag，ma'am？B．Do you have anything to declare，ma'am？C．Do you want to buy something，ma'am？D．Is there anything I can do for you，ma'am？67．Linda：Hello．I'd like to send this package，please．Clerk：____________________________________Linda：First class．How long will that take？Clerk：About three days．A．How would you like to send it？B．Which class are you in？C．Where do you want to send it to？D．Which class is it in？68．Assistant：Can I help you？Colin ：Yes，it's about this sports shirt．I washed it the other day．The colour ran and it shrank．Assistant：Oh dear，I see．________________________Colin ：I'm afraid not．Assistant：I'm sorry，but I'm not allowed to change anything without a receipt．A．Did you buy it here？B．Would you want to change it？C．Do you have the receipt？D．Could you tell me who sold it to you？69．James：Could I have my bill，please？Can I pay by credit card or eurocheque？Receptionist：____________James：I'll pay by credit card，then．Receptionist：That's fine．I hope you enjoyed your stay here．A．Here's your bill．B．Sorry，we don't take credit card．C．You can pay by eurocheque．D．Yes，we take both．70．Husband：When is our anniversary？Wife：________________________Husband：No，it's just that I bought these flowers for you and I was hoping today was the day．A．Hmm ．．．I can't remember either．Why？B．Hey，are these flowers for me？C．Who cares？Do you want to give me a surprise？D．Are you joking？Have you really forgotten again？Part IV Reading Comprehension（25 minutes，40 points）Section A Multiple Choice（10 points）Directions：There is one reading passage in this part．The passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage：Taking a peep at what's going on in your headCARL Filer，18，a star salesman at a B＆Q hardware store in the UK，was called up for promotion within one week of starting work．But，instead of being made supervisor，he was sacked—after his employers saw the results of his psychometric test．You might think that anyone who answers that he“strongly disagrees he is an over-achiever is asking fortrouble，but Mr Filer already thought he had proved himself more than capable．This year，nearly half of UK firms—46 percent—will use psychometric tests to select trainees，compared with just 17 percent in 2000，according to a report for GTI，a publisher of graduate career guides．These tests，which rate candidates' ability and gauge their personality，have been used in the UK since the 1980s．But assorted studies have shown most people—graduates in particular—are wholly cynical about the ideaof their personality being“measured．“People tend to see them as either too silly or too clever， says Clive Fletcher，professor of occupational psychology at University of London．“But all the evidence indicates the tests do have some value．The first personality test as we know it，was developed by the American army in 1917 to filter out weak recruits．But it was not until the 1980s that the tests became popular in Britain．With a rising number of graduates going for a decreasing number of jobs，organizations began to see psychometric testing as a cheap，reliable alternative to the expensive，time-consuming interview．But today the tests are becoming alarmingly sophisticated and are edging towards probing the“dark side：pathology and personality disorders．Increasingly，tests are being used to try to detect promising young graduates who may，later in life，fly off the rails（go crazy）；or to stop psychopaths（having mental disorder）getting recruited．In the future，interviewees could even be given a mouth swab to reveal the genetic and biological markers of personality．“We are heading for the era of genetic screening，”warns Carolyn Jones，of the Institute forEmployment Rights．“I think these tests are very flawed．And there are other problems with the tests．For starters，it is possible to fake it—even the test producers agree on this．But they have made it as hard as possible．For example，look at whether you agree or disagree with thefollowing two statements：“New ideas come easily to me and“I find generating new concepts difficult．How long did it take you to realize they both could mean the same thing？The main argument，however，is that the tests are invalid and cannot quantify（put a numerical value on）something as changeable as personality．The golden rule is then，that a psychometric test should never be used as the sole basis of selection，but should always be followed by interviews．71．Most people's attitude towards the psychometric test is ______．A．contemptuous B．favorable C．tolerant D．confounded72．Which of the following is one of the reasons why psychometric testing wins an advantage over interviews？A．It doesn't cost any money．B．It requires no equipment．C．It is time-saving．D．It can be done within seconds．73．Which of the following statements is the author's idea？A．Psychometric tests are defective．B．Psychometric tests should not be the only way to recruit promising young graduates．C．Psychometric tests are invalid and cannot quantify something changeable as personality．D．Psychometric tests are golden rules．74．The test producers make the tests very complicated to ______．A．avoid cheating B．improve genetic screeningC．find out the best ideas D．generate new concepts75．Which of the following is not true according to the passage？A．The American army developed the first personality test to screen out weak recruits．B．In the future，interviewers could give a mouth swab to reveal interviewees' symptoms．C．There are possibilities for starters to cheat in the psychometric tests．D．Interviews still play an important role in evaluating interviewees．Section B Short Answer Questions（30 points）Directions：In this part there are 3 passages with 15 questions or incomplete statements．Read the passages carefully．Then answer the questions in the fewest possible words（not exceeding 10 words）．Remember to rewrite the answers on the Answer Sheet．Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage：The 8 Steps of Social Invention1．Get ready to play．Like other types of creativity，social inventiveness flourishes when you begin thinking outside conventional boundaries．Charlie Girsch，a St．Paul，Minnesota-based creativity consultant，suggests that you start by playing with obviously absurd explanations for everyday events．“If traffic is slow，you'll be tem pted to say，‘Hmm．Must be an accident up ahead．’Instead，try saying，‘Must be a family of turtles crossing the highway’or‘I expect there's some kind of alien abduction going on．’You'll be amazed how soon you will be looking at familiar problems in new ways．”Girsch's book，Fanning the Creative Spirit（Creativity Central，1999）has scores of other exercises for limbering up the inventive part of your brain．2．Generate a zillion far-fetched ideas．Concerned about the homeless in your neighborhood？Imagine a Homeless Parliament，a Homeless Circus，homeless families forming an orchestra，a homeless museum ．．．and on and on．Generate like mad with no regard for feasibility in order，as social invention pioneer Nicholas Albery advises，to“overcom e worthy-but-dull ideas．”Eventually the two or three best ideas will begin to stand out．3．Take your wildest idea and bring it down to earth．How about that Homeless Circus？Could it turn into a forum for homeless people to display their creative talents？A performance series about homelessness？A neighborhood carnival with the homeless as guests of honor？Your flakiest idea may have a germ of brilliance that actually makes it more attractive，and thus more feasible（and fundable），than its worthy-but-dull cousins．4．Look for in ventions that solve more than one problem．The Slow Food Movement，born in Italy，boosts local farmers and regional cuisine traditions and restaurateurs and the same time that it“feeds”our hunger for authentic tastes，healthy eating，and a more leisurely，saner style of life．5．Accen tuate the positive．“A very common question that I get when I work with people in communities is‘Why doesn't anybody care about our problems？’”notes M chael Patterson，a social inventor and activist in Massachusetts．“What a worthless question．‘Why’？questions are for philosophers．Ask‘How’？and‘What’？questions—they are a lot more practical．”For instance，Patterson asks，“What would you do if you knew you couldn't fail？”6．Give it a rest．Walk away from your favorite idea for a while，forget about it，let it sleep．With your conscious mind out of the way，your subconscious gets to fiddle with the concept for a while，and you just might have an unexpected insight or breakthrough．7．Practice“yes and”in stead of“yes but”．No matter how tempted you are to say“Yes，but this will be hard because，”or“Yes，but a million other people are doing this，”shift the conjunction to“and”and see what sort of positive refinement or change emerges．“Yes，and we could concentrate on immigrants．”“Yes，and we can make it open to all ages．”8．Get your idea into the world．This is the tough part．You might seek out the help of activists who will take a shine to your ideas．Or become an organizer yourself．Paul Glove，a New York social inventor，coun-sels：“If you have an idea you believe in，write a pamphlet with your phone number on it and post it in laundromats and bookstores．If three people call you，have lunch with them and call yourselves an organization．If five people call，meet with them and issue a press release．”Presto，you're launched．76．To generate far-fetched ideas helps to ______．77．Michael Patterson wants us to come up with“How”？and“What”？instead of“Why”？questions because he considers they are more practical than ______．78．The purpose to practice“yes and”instead of“yes but”is to make yourself more ______．79．According to the article，when one has difficulty developing his favorite idea，he should ______．80．One should not only generate far-fetched ideas but also ______ because the latter step is the nearest to reality．Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage：Thin Slice of TV Has Big MarketIt is too early to write an obituary for bulky picture tubes，which will remain the most affordable TV sets for years to come．But，analysts and industry executives insist that thin screens already have started to become the dominant format for TV sets in the digital era．Sharp price cuts have brought plasma sets and other thin，flat televisions out of high-end electronic boutiques and into thousands of mass-market outlets such as Cosco，a wholesale buying club in the US，best known for offering members bulk items and big discounts．The least expensive plasma sets still cost a hefty US ＄3，000or more ，yet sales are growing so rapidly that many manufacturers are racing to boost production．That increase，combined with expanding production capacity and improved technology，could push the price of plasma sets down by one-third next year，according to analyst Richard Doherty of Envisioneering Group，a US research firm．But manufacturers are not just competing with each other；they are also trying to fend off challenges from competing thin-screen technologies，such as liquid crystal displays（LCD）．The demand for thin screens is fuelled in part by the advent of DVDs and digital TV broadcasts，which offer more detailed pictures and more lifelike colours than conventional analog TV signals．To see the difference，consumers need a set that can pack more information onto the screen than their current TVs can．This sharpness is most vivid on screens that are 40inches diagonal or larger．At that size，however，traditionaldirect view and projection TVs are so bulky that many consumers have trouble finding a place for them at home．Hence the interest in thin screens—models slender and light enough to hang on a wall．The glass panels at the heart of plasma and LCD sets come mainly from about a dozen companies with factories in Japan，South Korea and，increasingly，China．About 800，000 plasma panels will be shipped this year around the world，analysts say．That is a tiny amount compared with the overall market for TVs，which was about 140 million sets lastyear．But，industry experts said 2003would be a“breakout year for plasma because shipments should double．Helping drive the growth are new or expanded manufacturing facilities．For example，Japanese electronics giant NEC last year doubled the capacity of its Japanese factory—reaching 300，000to 400，000 plasma panels．And it plans to double it again in 2003，officials said．As competition has heated up during the last four years，prices have fallen more than 50 percent．According to “NPD Techworld”，the average price of a plasma display sold in the US dropped from US ＄12，700in January 1999 to US ＄6，100in October 2002．The best markets for plasma screens have been in Asia，and about half of the sets have gone to businesses instead of homes．LCD TVs carry a premium price—they can be 10 times as expensive as a comparable tube-driven television—that knocks them out of most buyers' budgets．But LCD panels are quickly taking over the market for computer monitors，and the tens of millions of panels being produced for that segment will help push down prices for LCD TVs，analysts predicted．Sharp Electronics，for one，is betting heavily on LCDs．Its chairman，Toshiaki Urushisako，has predicted that Sharp will switch completely from conventional tube sets to LCD TVs in Japan by 2005．Flat-panel refers to wafer-thin（3 inches or less）TVs，whereas flat-screen may actually describe traditional cathode-ray-tube sets（CRTs）whose glass front lacks the distorting curve that TVs have had for 50 years．Be aware of two things：One，flat-panel technology may not be high-definition TV；for eventual HDTV reception，some of these sets will require a separate HD tuner．Two，some flat-panel TVs are just the panel and lack speakers and sometimes a built-in tuner．Price range：US ＄700－2，000LCD vs plasmaIn general，LCD technology is used for smaller screens because of the enormous number of transistors needed to turn the gaslike liquid crystals into colour images．The larger the display，the more transistors，the more chance of failed connections．A plasma screen is found in TV sets larger than 20 inches．Colour is comparable to an LCD's．LCDs do not deteriorate over time，while a plasma display averages 30，000 hours（a traditional TV screen can go for 20，000），after which it fades over a period of years．Earlier problems with the quality of plasma's contrast have been addressed，and current screens are cleaner and better defined．Price range：US ＄600－2，800HDTVSimply put，high-definition TV is 10 times as sharp as traditional TV，and the sound is digital，like CD sound，not FM ，which is what traditional TV provides．HD technology achieves its visual clarity with more immage lines on the screen．Where analog TVs have 480 horizontal lines，HDTV has 720 or 1，080lines．Be aware ：m any HDTV sets being sold now are in fact only HDTV monitors ，offering a crisp picture ．To receive genuine high-definition television signals，owners must buy a separate HDTV receiver．Price range：US ＄1，000－6，000LOS ANGELEST IMES81．According to the article，TV sets with _____will still be the most popular in the coming years．。
大学英语课前演讲presentation
Choose an appropriate language style based on the content of the speech and the characteristics of the audience, such as formal, informal, or humorous.
01
Introduction
Theme Introduction
Theme
The impact of technology on our lives
Description
The presentation will focus on how technology has transformed our lives in various aspects, including communication, education, entertainment, and work
Use visual aids
Use visual aids such as slides, charts, or handouts to support your presentation and help you move through your material more quickly
Practice makes perfect
02 03
Correct grammar and spelling
Ensure that your language is grammatically correct and free of spelling errors This helps to understand a sense of professionalism
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Structure of the text
Part 1(para.1-2):The spokesman express his congratulations to the chairman for taking up the position of chairman of the current session and his gratitude to what contribution chairperson of last session made.
Analysis of the text
This is a speech made by Hu Xiaodi at the 2003 Session of United Nations Disarmament Commission held on March 31,2003 in New York. As the header of the Chinese Delegation , he put forward some corresponding proposals and measures about promoting a sound development for disarmament and arms control on behalf of China,which can arouse the Commission’s
Word
interim
['ɪnt(ə)rɪm](P72,Paragraph11,Line2)
adj. intended to last for a short period of time until sb./sth. more permanent is found. 中间的，暂时的，临时的 n. the time between one even,process,or period and another 中间时期，过渡时期，暂时 phrase:in the interim 在此期间，与此同时
为……作准备，为……创造条件
Example: A good education
success.
良好的教育为成功奠定基础。 The mushe the way for improving our economy.
科学技术的迅猛发展将为我们改善经济状况铺平道路。
他为了今后能更好地为人民服务而努力学习。
He
studies hard with a view to serving the people better in future.
Phrase
pave
the way (Pape72,Paragragh18,Linefour)
paves the way to
T he United Nations disarmament
裁军）
M ultila te ra l disa rm a m e nt（多边
It is all arms including armed police mutual disarmament and further streamlining (精简兵政）measure, provides the high active treatment（提供现 役军人的待遇）.
观)
N e w S e curity conce pt
(新安全
The new security concept also called ‛ nontraditional security concept ‚(非传统安全观), is the ‛cold war‚ began to appear some of the l a t e is d i ff e re nt fr o m th e ‛ o ld s e c u ri ty concept‚ or ‛traditional security concept‚ a general designation of the new security concept, refers to ‛old security concept‚ or ‛traditional security concept ‚ relatively new security concept. 与旧传统安全观相对的各种新型安全 观。
Structure of the text
Part 3(para.6-27):The speech point the two issues on this year’s agenda--‚ways and means to achieve nuclear disarmament‛ and‚practical confidencebuilding measures in the field of conventional arms‛. Therefore,China put forward some corresponding measures and make great efforts with UNDC and other countries.
T he C onfe re nce on D isa rm a m e nt in G e ne va (日内瓦裁军谈判会议)
The conference on disarmament issues include: nuclear disarmament, it is prohibited to produce fissile material( 核聚变材料） , prevention of an arms race in outer space, and non-nuclear state security and other issues. Ne ar l y hal f a cent ur y, the CD and it s predecessor after negotiations have reached The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (不扩散条 约）On the Biological Weapons Convention(禁 止 生 物 武 器 公 ） , The Chemi cal Weapons Convention(近视化学武器公约) and a series of important international treaties.
Phrase
w
(doing)sth.(P72,Paragraph11,Line5) with the aim or hope of doing sth. 为了，指望
i t h
a
v i e w
t o
Example: He is studying hard with a view to going university. 他为了上大学而努力学习。 Exercise:
example:
The full report isn't ready yet,but you can see the interim report. 正式报告尚未写好，但是你可以看看这份临时报告。 Little seems to have happened in the interim. 在此期间，没发生过任何事情。
T he C om pre he nsive N ucle a r T e st Ban
(全面禁止核试验条约)
Is a limited nuclear test way or explosive power, until the comprehensive nuclear test ban, to limit development of nuclear weapons, promote nuclear disarmament and nuclear nonproliferation( 不扩散） of the important measures. Is a study led by a comprehensive ban treaty organization, to promote comprehensive prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons and promoting nuclear disarmament process, so as to promote international peace and security of the treaty.
Unit 4
TextⅡ
Statement at the 2003 session of the United Nations Disarmament Commission
B y G roup F our
Lead-in
After
watching this video,what have you learned from it?
you opinion,what role does China play in the international social?
In
Background
commission edit entries.（联合国裁军 委员会） The UN Disarmament Commission is the specialized agencies of the UN ‘ s review Disarmament issues, belonging to the United Nations general assembly (属于联合国大会）. According to the commission in May 1978, the first disarmament to establish special general assembly resolution, its predecessor w as established in 1952 the disarmament commission. Its job is to review the various problems in the field of disarmament and put forward the proposal.