同位语从句
什么叫同位语从句

同位语从句一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
如:I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在这里。
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等。
如:I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you thisafternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether,连接副词how, when,where等。
(注:if, which 不能引导同位语从句。
)如:l have no idea When he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。
如:Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspectthem.几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。
英语语法:同位语从句

英语语法:同位语从句英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。
英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。
以下是店铺收集整理的英语语法:同位语从句,希望能够帮助到大家。
英语语法 -同位语从句1.同位语从句:whetherwhether可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用whether作为引导词。
He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.他还没有做出决定是否去那里。
I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。
2.同位语从句:that些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句:We came to the decision that we must act at once. 我们做出决定:我们必须立即行动。
He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. 他提议会议延期。
There was little hope that he would survive. 他幸存的希望很小。
在非正式语体中that可以省略。
以下名词常用于以上句型:advice, announcement, argument, belief, claim, conclusion, decision, evidence, explanation, fact, feeling, hope, idea, impression, information, knowledge, message, news, opinion, order, probability, promise, proposal, remark, reply, report, saying, statement, suggestion, thought, treat, warning, wish, word3.同位语从句:whatwhat可以引导同位语从句,而定语从句不能用what作为引导词I have no idea what he is doing now. 我不知道他现在在干什么。
同位语从句例句50例版

同位语从句例句(一):1、由whether引导的同位语例句:We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy。
我们不是在调查他是否能够信任的问题。
【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句,但if不能引导同位语从句。
2、由that引导的同位语例句:He referred to Copernicus statement that the earth moves round the sun。
他提到了哥白尼关于地球绕太阳转的说法。
【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。
如:They expressed the wish that she accept the award。
他们表示期望她理解这笔奖金。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略,但在非正式文体中也能够省去。
如:He gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane。
他拿起了手提箱,给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
3、由连接副词引导的同位语例句:I have no idea when he will e back。
我不明白他什么时候回来。
4、由连接代词引导的同位语例句:Have you any idea what time it starts 你明白什么时候开始吗5、关于分离同位语从句有时同位语从句能够和同位的名词分开。
例句:The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery。
消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。
同位语从句例句(二):1。
由that引导1、We heard the news that our team had won。
同位语从句

同位语从句一、概述用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在抽象名词fact,idea,news,hope,belief,thought,truth,doubt,suggestion,warning, instruction,reason,information, question等之后,对这些名词进行说明或解释。
引导同位语从句的词除连词that,whether外,还有关系代词what, which, who, 以及关系副词how,when,where,why等。
It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.吸烟危害健康,这是事实。
I have no idea what you mean.我一点儿也不明白你的意思。
He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建议我们坐火车去。
There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫无疑问,他是有罪的。
2、由从属连词that,whether引导的同位语从句。
Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.有消息透露,大学将招收更多的中学毕业生。
The fact that we lack enough phones needs to be considered.我们缺少足够的电话这一事实需要加以考虑。
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。
I didn't receive the news that the meeting had been put off.我没有听到会议被推迟的消息。
同位语从句

同位语从句
与先行词同位或同等的从句称为同位语从句 (Appositive Clause)。先行词通常为名 Clause)。先行词通常为名 词如news, 词如news, fact, conclusion, hope, decision, belief, promise, truth, report, idea等。同位语从句一般由两类: idea等。同位语从句一般由两类:
3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别 3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别 从结构上看,同位语从句的连接词that只起连接作 从结构上看,同位语从句的连接词that只起连接作 用,在从句中不充当任何成分,而定语从句中的 关系代词除连接主语与从句外,还在从句中充当 某一成分。试比较: I believed the fact that he was honest. 我相信他为人诚实这一事实。(that 我相信他为人诚实这一事实。(that 为同位 语从句连接词) I believed the fact that he thought to be true. 我相信他认为真实的事实。(that 我相信他认为真实的事实。(that 为定语从句关系 代词)
பைடு நூலகம்
2. 名词+wh-疑问词引导的从句 名词+whI have no idea how they were able to get it done in so short a time. 我不知道他们怎么能在如此短的时间内做完 这件事。 Have you any idea where they are having a rehearsal? 你知道他们在哪里排练?
1.名词+that引导的从句 1.名词+that引导的从句 The fact that his health is failing is not true. 他健康状况不佳的情况不是真的。 I doubt the report that the ship sank on its first voyage. 我怀疑船首航沉默的报道的真实性。
同位语从句

同位语从句一、同位语从句的含义在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
同位语从句一般用that, whether,what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导,常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。
换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。
例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。
析:they had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。
二、同位语从句的引导词1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。
(即that 不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略)例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。
析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。
2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"是否"的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。
(if不能引导同位语从句)例:We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。
同位语从句

同位语从句与定语从句的区别: 同位语从句与定语从句的区别:
We expressed the hope (that) they
比 较
had expressed.
定语从句
We expressed the hope that they
would come to visit China again. 同位语从句 从语法角度上看,引导同位语从句的that (1)从语法角度上看,引导同位语从句的that 是连词,只起连接的作用,在从句中并不作任 是连词,只起连接的作用, 何句子成分;而引导定语从句that的是关系代词, that的是关系代词 何句子成分;而引导定语从句that的是关系代词, 除了起连接作用外,还在从句中作句子成分. 除了起连接作用外,还在从句中作句子成分.
II. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子.
1. 我不知道怎样到达火车站. 我不知道怎样到达火车站. I have no idea how I can get to the railway station. 2. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.
同位语从句 还可用 whether, how , when, where, why等引导. 等引导. 等引导 eg: I have no idea how he did it. 注意: 注意:除 that外, 其余连词在从句中都具有各自 外 的意义和成分. 的意义和成分. eg: He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 状语 You have no idea how worried I was. 状语
同位语从句

同位语从句一、定义:在句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句。
二、用法:同位语从句常常用于一个抽象名词之后(如:fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等),对这个名词的具体所指或具体内容进行说明。
三、构成:从属连词+陈述句四、引导同位语从句的从属连词分为四类(引导同位语从句的从属连词与引导主语从句的从属连词基本相同):1. 从属连词that, that没实义,也不在从句中充当任何句子成分,但不可省略。
如:The news that Jim has passed the exam is so exciting. Jim通过考试的消息令人如此兴奋。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 你在哪儿听说我不能来?2. 从属连词whether,不可用if,意为“是否”,只起连接作用,不充当从句的任何成分,但不可省略。
如:I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否会来。
3. 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等,有各自的实际词义,既起引导从句、连接主从句的作用,又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语,当不能省略。
The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
4. 连接副词where, when, why, how等,有各自的实际词义,既起引导从句、连接主从句的作用,又在从句中充当表语或状语,当然也不能省略。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没决定。
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同位语从句一、概念同位语:一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。
常用来作同位语的有名词、数词、不定代词(each,both,all)、短语、直接引语以及同位语从句等。
同位语从句:指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句,属于名词性从句的范畴,同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和同位语是同一层次的语言单位,在逻辑上是主表关系,单词作同位语时常用…,‟隔开。
同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。
同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句。
二、用法(一)、先行词可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility, decision等(特征:“抽象”名词,可补充说明其内容)。
同位语从句一般跟在这些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
先行词常用单数形式,并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。
I heard thenews that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
I‟ve come from Mr. Wang with amessage that he won‟t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
Where did you get theidea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来?(二)、引导词英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that,whether,连接代词what,who。
连接副词how, when, where等。
(注:if不能引导同位语从句,因if还有如果之意,可引导条件状语从句。
)He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
一)that引导that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。
that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
(注:引导同位语从句的that不能省略)The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。
(作idea的同位语)二)其它引导词引导1.连接代词what, who, whom, whose引导同位语从句1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。
(what作定语)2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. (who作主语)2. 连接副词引导连接副词when, where, how, whyWe haven‟t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
四、分隔式同位语从句有时因为句子结构等原因,同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后,而被别的词语隔开,在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句,是同位语从句的特殊形式。
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。
The ideacame to his mind that he could find another way to solve this question.他想起可以用另外一种方法解决这个问题。
A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday.(由于that从句太长,为避免句子失去平衡,此处用了间隔同位语从句)。
The story goes that he beats his wife.传说他打老婆。
The news got about that he had won a car in the lottery.消息传开说他中彩得了一辆汽车。
The rumor spreads that a new school would be built here.谣传这里要盖一所新学校。
Report has it that the Smith sare leaving town.有传言说史密斯一家要离开这座城市。
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.他想到可能敌人已逃离这座城市。
The order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village.不久命令下来,所有居民都必须撤出村子。
五、it作为先行词代词it可用作同位语从句的先行词。
这个it常放在某些动词或短语动词后作宾语,同时兼作其后that同位语从句的先行词。
I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸亏你,我此刻还活着。
有的语法学家把先行词it后的that从句看作是动词或介词的真正宾语。
一般认为,这种it 后的that 从句应看作it的同位语,因为它相当于“主语+be+表语”结构。
You must see to it that the children don't catch cold.(=You must see to it,and it is that the children don't catch cold.)你要当心,别让孩子们着凉了。
六、Tips【注意1】在某些名词,如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等,与宾语从句中的部分动词后要用虚拟语气同理,该类名词是这些动作的名词形式,这些动作具有其特定的对象,且动作的目的是使对象发生某种变化,本质是一种主观意愿,而非客观事实,故后面的同位语从句中的谓语动词通常要用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,句中的should可以省略。
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略,但在非正式文体中也可以省去。
He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.他拿起了手提箱,给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
【注意3】whether 可引导同位语从句,但if不能引导同位语从句。
TRUE: The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. FALSE:The question ifwe should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
六、定语从句和同位语从句的鉴别(一)相同点因都是修饰名词性成分,故1.都有先行词(即被修饰的名词);2.都有引导词,即引导从句的连词,在同位语从句中称从属连词、连接代词或连接副词,在定语从句中称占位词、关系代词或关系副词;3.译为中文时均需提到先行词前,翻译为“......的”。
(二)不同点1. 意义的不同同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的,它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号,即主表关系;而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的,它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来,是形容词性的:We are glad at the news that he will come.听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。
(news的内容就是that he will come,故that引导的是同位语从句)We are glad at the news that he told us.听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。
(that从句是限制the news的内容的,即我们高兴只是因为他告诉的这个news而不是其他的news,故that从句为定语从句)2. 先行词有区别定语从句的先行词是名词或代词,且定语从句所修饰的名词非常广泛,几乎包含所有名词;而同位语从句的先行词只能是名词,而且仅限于idea,plan,fact,theory,promise,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question,thought,belief,conclusion等少数其内容可被补充说明的抽象名词。
例如:①The boywho is playing football is my classmate.②Thosewho work hard will succeed.③The factthat he had not said anything surprised everybody.④The factthat you are talking about is important.在①句中,加粗部分是定语从句,其先行词是名词boy,是具体名词,它不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
在②句中,加粗部分也是定语从句,其先行词是代词those,代词不能用作同位语从句的先行词。
在③句中,加粗部分是同位语从句,其先行词是名词fact,它同样可以用作定语从句的先行词,④句便是一例。
加粗部分是对fact的修饰,所以是定语从句。
由以上分析可见,同位语从句的先行词一定可以用作定语从句的先行词,但定语从句的先行词不一定能用作同位语从句的先行词。
3.引导词的不同what, how, whatever 等可引导同位语从句,但不引导定语从句。