倍数翻译 文档
英语写作翻译：倍数如何翻译
以下是为⼤家整理的《英语写作翻译：倍数如何翻译》的⽂章，供⼤家参考1. A是B的N倍⼤/长……(或者A⽐B⼤/长……N-1倍)⼀般有以下两种英语表达⽅法;(1) A is N times as large/long (形容词/副词原形) as B.Eg: Asia is four times as large as Europe.(2) A is N times larger/longer（形容词/副词⽐较级）than B.Eg: Asia is four times larger than Europe.(3) A is N times the size/length (形容词/副词的名词形式) of B.Eg: Asia is four times the size of Europe.以上三句例句的中⽂翻译均为：亚洲是欧洲的四倍⼤，或者亚洲⽐欧洲⼤三倍。
2. by 和to(1) 动词+ by + 倍数/百分数/数词Eg: The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.今年粮⾷产量增加了四倍。
(2) 动词+ to + 数词Eg: Last year profits rose to $201 million.去年利润增长到2亿零100万美元。
3. by a factor of词组by a factor of 在《朗⽂双解》中的解释为"if something increases or decreases by a factor of N, it increases or decreases by N times."以N倍的系数增加或减少。
这个解释表达不是很明确，现在把它分成以下两种情况来分析：(1)表⽰增加含义时Increase/grow...by a factor of N times 增加到N倍，或者增加了N-1倍Eg: The output of diesel oil for farm use has been increased by a factor of five times these years.这些年来，⽤于农业⽣产的柴油产量增加了四倍。
汉译英中倍数的表达
例7 地球的体积是月球的四十九倍。
The earth is 49 times as large as the moon.
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. The earth is 48 times larger than the moon.
例8 这座工厂的产量是原来的四倍。
This street is three times as wide as that one.
This street is three times the width of that one.
例6 本地区的水稻产量是1990年的三倍。
The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has trebled compared with what is was in 1990. The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has increased by 200%, compared with what it was in 1990.
例3 和1990年相比，本地区的水稻产量翻了一番。 The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has doubled compared with what is was in 1990. The per-hectare yield of rice in this area has increased by 100%, compared with what it was in 1990.
is second to non e in the class.
的。
汉译英中倍数表示法： “A是B的两倍。”英语中通常有三种表达法： 1. A is twice / two times as adj. （形容词） as B. 2. A is twice / two times the N. （名词） of B. 3. A double / increase by 100% （compared with B）
倍数的表达与翻译
1．倍数增加（1）A is n times as great（long，much，…）as B.A is n times greater （longer，more，…）than B.A is n times the size （length，amount，…）of B.以上三句都应译为；A的大小（长度，数量，……）是B的n倍[或A比日大（长，多，……）n-1倍]. 例如：This book is three times as long as （three times longer than，three times the length of ）that one，这本书的篇幅是那本书的3倍（即长两倍）。
注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than（as，of）B常被省去。
（2）increase to n timesincrease n times／n-foldincrease by n timesincrease by a factor of n以上四式均应译为：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。
例如：The production of cars has been increased to three times as compared with last year。
汽车的产量比去年增加了两倍。
The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986．化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。
The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.漏电压增加了3借（即增加到原来的4倍）。
注：在这类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。
（3）There is a n-fold increase/growth…应译为：增加n-倍（或增至n倍）。
科技英语中倍数的常用表达方式及翻译
科技英语中倍数的常用表达方式及翻译英语表示倍数增减或倍数对比的句型多种多样，其中有一些句型很容易译错。
例如，1)This room is 3 times larger than that one．2）This room is 3times as large as that one．3)This room is 3 times the size of that one．这里包含有三种表示增加多少倍的句型，不能译为这个房间比那个房间大三倍，应译为这个房间是那个房间的三倍大或这个房间比那个房间大两倍? 。
之所以会出现这样的情况，是因为英文和中文两种语言的表达思维是不一样的。
只有懂得了两种思维方式的差异，才能正确地进行英语倍数的翻译J。
本文拟将常用的英语数句型及其正确译法予以归纳。
一、倍数增加的表达方法表达A是B的N倍长(宽、高、大、重等)，A比B长(宽、高、大、重等)N 倍或A的长度(宽度、高度、大小、重量等)是B的N倍，可用下列三种句型。
(一)A +be+倍数+as+计量形容词原级+ as + B例如：This bed is three times as big as that one．这张床是那张床的三倍大。
(比那张大两倍)This tree is three times as tall as that one．这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
(比那棵高两倍)His father is twice as old as he．他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。
(比他大一倍)Asia is four times as large as Europe．亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
(比欧洲大三倍)This big stone is three times as heavy as that one．这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。
(比那块重两倍)The plane flew ten times as high as the kite．那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。
倍数的文言文翻译
昔者，有儒者问于夫子，曰：“何谓倍数？”夫子笑而答曰：“倍数者，数之相乘也。
一与一为二，二与二为四，四与四为八，如是之类，皆倍数也。
”儒者曰：“然则倍数之理，可否言其深奥乎？”夫子曰：“夫倍数之理，深奥莫测，盖由天地之道，阴阳之和，莫不有之。
吾且为子言之。
天地之初，混沌未开，阴阳未分。
及其开也，阳在上，阴在下。
阳为天，阴为地。
天地之间，万物生于斯，生生不息。
此阴阳之和，亦倍数之始也。
日者，阳之极也；月者，阴之极也。
日与月相合，则天地之和，倍数之理，显见于日月。
日升月落，昼夜交替，此倍数之理，行于天地之间，莫知其极。
又观于草木，春生夏长，秋收冬藏。
草木之生，亦倍数之理。
一粒种子，植之土中，得天地之养，生而为苗，苗而开花，花而结实，结实而再植，如是而无穷。
此草木之生长，倍数之理，亦显于自然。
至于人事，倍数之理，更为显著。
夫妇之道，一男一女，合而为家，家而育子，子而成人，成人而立业，业而传家，家而再传，如是而倍数。
国家之兴，亦倍数之理。
一人之才，得国之用，国家因而强盛；一人之德，得国之养，国家因而昌明。
一人之力，足以举国；一人之智，足以安邦。
此国家之兴，亦倍数之理。
然倍数之理，非唯自然人事，亦存于心性。
心性之善，一善而百善生；心性之恶，一恶而百恶作。
心性之明，一明而百明显；心性之暗，一暗而百暗藏。
此心性之理，亦倍数之理。
夫倍数之理，大矣哉！然而非独大，其深奥亦非可言尽。
夫天地之道，阴阳之和，阴阳之变，莫不有倍数之理。
是故，吾子宜深究其理，以明其道。
”儒者闻夫子之言，恍然大悟，拜谢而去。
自是之后，儒者潜心研究倍数之理，悟出许多天地间之奥秘，成为一代宗师。
而倍数之理，亦因此而传世，启迪后人，永不衰微。
倍数翻译
N times +形容词+比较级+thanN times +形容词+原级+asby + N times二．倍数的翻译1）n times +形容词（或副词）比较级+than…times是用来表示“乘”的（used to indicate multiplication）n times就是“乘以n”的意思。
不论在任何句型中都包括基数100%在内。
[1] Asia is four times larger than Europe.误译：亚洲比欧洲大4倍。
正译：亚洲比欧洲大3倍。
[2] Sound travels nearly 3 times faster in copper than in lead.声音在铜中的传播速度几乎比在铅中快2倍。
[3] The volume of the earth is 49 times larger than that of the moon.地球的大小是月球的49倍。
或：地球比月球大48倍。
2) n times + as + 形容词（或副词）原级+as[4] The oxygen atom is nearly 16 times as heavy as the hydrogen atom.氧原子的重量几乎是氢原子的16倍。
[5] The mercury atom is about 5 times as heavy as calcium atom.汞的原子重量大约为钙的5倍。
3) by + n times[6] The steel output has increased by two times.钢产量已增加了一倍。
[7] The error probability of the equipment was reduced by 2.5 times through technical innovation. 通过技术革新，该设备的误差概率降低了3/5。
评析：reduced by 2.5 times，汉语中不说“降低到二点五”，这时应换算成整数分母，即降低到“五分之二”，或降低了“五分之三”。
数字口译 【倍数】II
倍数的翻译
倍数的增加 “A的大小是B的X倍”＝ “A is X times as large as B” “A is X times the size (length, amount …) of B” “A is X times larger than B”
Exercise
The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised 5 times as against l986． 化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。
This policy can increase the rate of employment by two or three times. 这一政策可使就业率提高1倍或2倍。 Our export this year has tripled/trebled, compared with what it was last year. 我国今年的出口额是去年的3倍。城镇居民人均居住面积由1978年的3.6平方米提 高到1997年的8.8平方米，增加1.4倍。 The per capita living space for urban residents in China expanded from 3.6 square meters in 1978 to 8.8 square meters in 1997, a rise of 2.4 times. 1997年，全国高等学校在校生总数为608万人，其中 研究生18万人，分别是1979年的2.2倍和9.6倍。 In 1997, 6.08million students were studying in colleges and universities, including 180 thousand postgraduates, 2.2 times and 9.6 times the figure of 1979 respectively.
倍数翻译
N times + more +名词+than
This type of machine uses three times more fuel than that type does. 这种机器的耗油量是那种类型的三倍。 He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago. 他现在挣得钱是十年前挣 的5倍。 There are twice more students in our class than in theirs. 我们班的学生人数是他们班的两倍。
My Aunt is as old again as I am. 我姑姑的年龄比我大一倍。 The new process tripled (=trebled) the output. 新工艺使产量增加2倍。 The output of grain increased fourfold. 粮食产量增加了3倍。 The box is one-third bigger than that one. 这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。 Last year the output value of industry was 59 percent higher than that of 2009. 去年工业产值比2009年增长了59%。
The oxygen atom is nearly 16 times as heavy as the hydrogen atom. 氧原子重量几乎是氢原子的16倍。
... times ＋as many / much＋名词＋其 它……
There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one. 这个壶里的水（量）是那个壶里的三倍。 There are five times as many students as we expected. 学生人数是我们预计的五倍。
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倍数翻译的陷阱很多，而且每个陷阱都是绵里藏针，针针见血，见血封喉！
1,a是b的n倍大/长……(或者a比b大/长……n-1倍)
一般有以下两种英语表达方法;
(1) A is n times as large/long (形容词/副词原形) as b.
eg: Asia is four times as large as Europe.
(2) A is n times larger/longer（形容词/副词比较级）than b.
eg: Asia is four times larger than europe.
(3) A is n times the size/length (形容词/副词的名词形式) of b.
eg: Asia is four times the size of europe.
以上三句例句的中文翻译均为：亚洲是欧洲的四倍大，或者亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
2,by 和to
(1) 动词+ by + 倍数/百分数/数词
eg: The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年粮食产量增加了四倍。
(2) 动词+ to + 数词
eg: Last year profits rose to $201 million.
去年利润增长到2亿零100万美元。
3,by a factor of
词组by a factor of 在《朗文双解》中的解释为"if something increases or decreases by a factor of n, it increases or decreases by n times."以n倍的系数增加或减少。
这个解释表达不是很明确，现在把它分成以下两种情况来分析：
(1)表示增加含义时
increase/grow...by a factor of n times 增加到n倍，或者增加了n-1倍
eg: The output of diesel oil for farm use has been increased by a factor of five times these years.
这些年来，用于农业生产的柴油产量增加了四倍。
(2)表示减少含义时
decrease/fall...by a factor of n times 减少到1/n，或者减少了(n-1)/n。
eg: The production has decreased by a factor of three times as against 1977.
总产量减少到1977年的三分之一。