城乡规划专业英语复习资料-翻译
城市规划专业英语词汇
专业英语词汇整理一、城市规划专业词汇1、专业词汇act of urban planning 城市规划法development strategy 发展战略enforcement 规划实施formulation guide 编制办法global city system 全球城市体系historic preservation 历史古迹保护conservation of historical cultural cities 历史文化名城保护conservation of historic landmarks and sites 文物古迹保护conservation of scenic spots 风景名胜保护conservation of historic buildings 古建筑保护conservation：对于野生动、植物、自然资源及人造资源的利用，所采取的一种措施，以确保这些资源得到保护和补充，包括在规划和设计工程时，保护现存具有重要机制的自然资源。
始终具有更积极意义的古迹保护，它倡导估计能为今用。
Perservation则指的是原样不动的消极保护。
land use administration 用途管理planning theory 规划理论theory in planningtheory of planningplanning reform 规划改革public space 公共空间open space 空地Warehouse仓库residentialisation 居住区改造settlement 居住town cluster 城镇群the build environment 建成环境Urban and Rural Planning Law 城乡规划法new town policy 新城政策urban-rural dual planning system 二元规划体系green belt policy 绿带政策design review 规划评价Urban Image 城市意向Cityscape 城市风貌urban competitiveness 城市竞争力urbanization 城市化Suburbanization 郊区化First-ring suburbs 近郊区Rural area农村地区urban built-up area 城市建成区designated function of a city 城市性质strategy for urban development 城市发展战略goal for urban development 城市发展目标direction for urban development 城市发展方向urban function 城市职能urban system planning 城镇规划体系over-all urban layout城市整体布局planning frame-work 规划框架land use classification 用地分类land assignment 土地分配Land-use planning 土地利用规划industrial land 产业用地C commercial商业用地M manufacture工业用地W warehouse仓储用地T transportation交通用地urban open space; urban green land 城市绿地public green space 公共绿地green buffer 防护绿地urban virescence 城市绿化Water area水域Water front 滨水区New&High-tech Industry Development zone 高新区CBD=central business district 城市中心商业区technological region 科技园history district 历史街区urban center district 城市中心区national planning 国土规划concept planning 概念规划progress plan 发展规划preliminary plan 初步规划local plan 本地规划neighborhood unit 邻里单位neighborhood planning 邻里规划community planning 社区规划residential district planning 小区规划residential design guidelines 居住区设计指南urban detailed planning城市详细规划comprehensive(general) plan 总体规划zoning 分区规划General（master）planning 总体规划District planning 分区规划Immediate plan 近期建设规划residential district detailed planning 修建性详细规划regulatory detailed planning 控制性详细规划urban comprehensive planning 城市总体规划metropolitan planning 大都市规划holistic planning 全方位规划Urban green space system planning 城市绿地系统规划urban management information system 城市管理信息系统power supply system 城市供电系统communication system 城市通信系统district heating system 城市供热系统Protection planning 保护规划Urban design 城市设计urban road system and transportation planning 城市道路系统和交通规划Regional planning agencies区域规划机构resources planning 资源规划development plans发展规划structure plan结构规划urban redevelopment 旧城改造Urban revitalization 城市复苏Urban decay 城市衰退Mixed-income neighbourhood 混合收入的街区Streetcar neighbourhood 有轨车的街区2、城镇概念cluster 集群central town 中心镇subtopia 城乡一体化The cultural and historic city 历史文化名城s atellite town 卫星城Village-in-city 城中村inner city 中心城world cityglobal citymegacity(人口超过100万)大城市capital city 首府城市metropolis 大都市Edge city 边缘城市Collage city 拼贴城市The compact city 紧缩城市The regional city 区域城市The limitless city 无边的城市The continuing city 延伸的城市24-hours city 24小时城市3、技术指标类plot ratio 容积率technical index 技术指标index system 指标体系population density 人口密度benchmark 基准Frame of reference参考标准density of settlement居住密度coverage 覆盖率Blueprints 蓝图ratio of green space 绿地率low density 低密度Standard for drawing in urban planning 城市规划制图标准二、景观规划与设计专业词汇Code for Scenic area Planning 风景名胜区规划规范vernacular 乡土的feature 景物hard(soft) landscape 硬(柔)质景观landscape design 景观设计Urban landscape planning and design 城市景观规划和设计spirit of place 场所精神spatial frame-work 空间框架behavioral characteristic 行为特征space choice behavior 空间行为选择landscaping 景观美化sanitation 环境卫生Landscape Node景观节点Human Scale人体尺寸Streetfurniture街道小品Pedestriancrossing人行横道quasi-public space 半公共空间courtyard housing 院落式住宅intimate space 私密空间physical space实体空间urban geometry and morphology城市几何学和形态学landscape Topography 地形图Visual landscape capacity 视觉环境容量ped axis 步行轴children park 儿童公园roadside green space 街旁绿地linear park 带状公园public green space 公共绿地green buffer 防护绿地urban virescence 城市绿化landscaping of square 广场绿化indoor garden 室内绿化artistic conception 意境western classical garden 西方古典园林Chinese classical garden 中国古典园林traditional Chinese garden 中国传统园林ancient Chinese garden 中国古代园林sculpture fountain tea bar 雕塑、喷泉、茶吧三、市政设施类water supply 供水sewage 下水道系统sewage treatment plant污水处理厂lane 车道information superway 信息高速公路lighting 采光wast management 废物处理Elimination of water水处理措施Storage reservoir 水库，蓄水库Distribution reservoir 水库，配水库Distribution pipes 配水管网Motorway高速公路urbanroadcross-section 城市道路横断面Traffic concentration 交通密度Traffic control 交通管制Traffic bottleneck 交通瓶颈地段Traffic and parking 交通与停车the city's infrastructure construction 市基础设施建设urban mass transit 城市轨道交通light-rail systems 轻轨交通rapid-transit systems 快速公共交通系统TOD transport oriented development 以交通为导向的开发Traffic flow 交通量Traffic concentration 交通密度Traffic control 交通管制四、其他词汇transitional period 转型期sustainable development 可持续发展development zones 开发区institution innovation 体制经济创新globalization 全球化effect 实效ecology 生态学evaluation 评估economics of scale 规模经济coordination 协调governance 管制，治理policy recommendations 政策建议Public Participation公众参与Application 规划申请Enforcement 强制实施grant programs 授权项目Warehouse仓库Materialprocessingcenter原料加工中心Urban-rural balance 城乡平衡urban elements 城市要素urban per capita disposable income 城镇居民人均可支配收入urban social security system 城镇社会保障体系subsistence allowances for the urban poor 城市居民最低生活保障Urban Area Development Feasibility Studies 市区发展可行性研究Urban Renewal Strategy Study 市区重建策略研究urban geometry and morphology城市几何学和形态学hierarchy等级体系urban management information system 城市管理信息系统urban ecology 城市生态学urban esthetics 城市美学urban renewal theory 城市更新理论urban geography 城市地理学urban morphology 城市形态学city sprawl 城市蔓延Slums 平民窟Alleys 大街小巷Energy conservation 节能gentrification 中产阶层化restricting of urban space 社会空间重构anti-sprawl 反蔓延gentrification 中产阶层化restricting of urban space 社会空间重构senior housing 老年公寓accessibility 可达性global warming 全球变暖。
专业英语翻译
1. Civil engineering，the oldest of the engineering specialties，is the planning，design，construction, and management of the built environment．This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles，from irrigation and drainage systems to rocket-launching facilities.土木工程，最老的工程专业，是建筑环境的规划、设计、施工和管理。
这个环境包括从灌溉和排水系统到火箭发射设施的所有根据科学原理建造的结构物。
2. Civil engineers build roads，bridges，tunnels，dams，harbors，power plants，water and sewage systems，hospitals，schools，mass transit，and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations．土木工程师修建道路、桥梁、隧道、大坝、港口、发电站、水系统和污水系统，医院、学校、公共交通系统，以及现代化社会和大量人口集中的地方所必需的其他公共设施。
3. Computers are a necessity for the modern civil engineer because they permit the engineer to efficiently handle the large quantities of data needed in determining the best way to construct a project．计算机对于现代土木工程师而言是必不可少的，因为它们可使工程师高效地处理大量数据，这些数据是在确定最优施工方案时所需要的。
城乡规划专业术语中文英语大全
专业英语词汇集urban planning 城市规划town planning 城镇规划act of urban planning 城市规划法urban comprehensive planning 城市总体规划urban detailed planning 城市详细规划Residential district detailed planning 修建性详规regulatory detailed planning 控制性详规规划类的专业课程regional planning 区域规划urban system planning 城镇体系规划urban sociology 城市社会学urban economic 城市经济学urban geography 城市地理学urban infrastructure planning 城市基础设施规划water supply and drainage \electricity supply\road building城市供水、供电、道路修建urban road system and transportation planning 城市道路系统和交通规划urban road cross-section 城市道路横断面urban management information system 城市管理信息系统GIS =geography information system 地理信息系统RS=remote sensing 遥感Gardening==Landscape architecture 园林=营造景观学Urban landscape planning and design 城市景观规划和设计Urban green space system planning 城市绿地系统规划Urban design 城市设计~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Land-use planning 土地利用规划The cultural and historic planning 历史文化名城Protection planning 保护规划Urbanization 城市化Suburbanization 郊区化Public participation 公众参与Sustainable development(sustainability) 可持续性发展（可持续性）Over-all urban layout 城市整体布局Pedestrian crossing 人行横道Human scale 人体尺寸Street furniture 街道小品(sculpture fountain tea bar) （雕塑、喷泉、茶吧）Traffic and parking 交通与停车Landscape node 景观节点-----------------------------------------------------------------------Archaeological 考古学的Habitat 住处Aesthetics 美学Geometrical 几何学的Moat 护城河Vehicles 车辆，交通工具,mechanization 机械化merchant-trader 商人阶级urban elements 城市要素plazas 广场malls 林荫道---------------------------------------------- The city and regionAdaptable 适应性强的Organic entity 有机体Department stores 百货商店Opera 歌剧院Symphony 交响乐团Cathedrals 教堂Density 密度Circulation 循环Elimination of water 水处理措施In three dimensional form 三维的Condemn 谴责Rural area 农村地区Regional planning agencies 区域规划机构Service-oriented 以服务为宗旨的Frame of reference 参考标准Distribute 分类Water area 水域Alteration 变更Inhabitants 居民Motorway 高速公路Update 改造论文写作Abstract 摘要Key words 关键词Reference 参考资料----------------------------------------Urban problemDimension 大小Descendant 子孙，后代Luxury 奢侈Dwelling 住所Edifices 建筑群<Athens Charter>雅典宪章Residence 居住Employment 工作Recreation 休憩Transportation交通Swallow 吞咽，燕子Urban fringes 城市边缘Anti- 前缀，反对……的；如：antinuclear反核的anticlockwise逆时针的Pro- 前缀，支持，同意……的；如：pro-American 亲美的pro-education重教育的Grant 助学金，基金Sewage 污水Sewer 污水管Sewage treatment plant 污水处理厂Brain drain 人才流失Drainage area 汇水面积Traffic flow 交通量Traffic concentration 交通密度Traffic control 交通管制Traffic bottleneck 交通瓶颈地段Traffic island 交通岛（转盘）Traffic point city 交通枢纽城市Train-make-up 编组站Urban redevelopment 旧城改造Urban revitalization 城市复苏------------------------------------------Urban FunctionUrban fabric 城市结构Urban form 城市形体Warehouse 仓库Material processing center 原料加工中心Religious edifices 宗教建筑Correctional institution 教养院Transportation interface 交通分界面CBD=central business district 城市中心商业区Public agencies of parking 停车公共管理机构Energy conservation 节能Individual building 单一建筑Mega-structures 大型建筑Mega- 大，百万，强Megalopolis 特大城市Megaton 百万吨R residence 居住用地黄色C commercial 商业用地红色M manufacture 工业用地紫褐色W warehouse 仓储用地紫色T transportation 交通用地蓝灰色S square 道路广场用地留白处理U utilities 市政公共设施用地接近蓝灰色G green space 绿地绿色P particular 特殊用地E 水域及其他用地（除E外，其他合为城市建设用地）Corporate 公司的，法人的Corporation 公司企业Accessibility 可达性；易接近Service radius 服务半径------------------------------------------------Urban landscapeTopography 地形图Well-matched 相匹配Ill-matchedVisual landscape 视觉景观Visual environment 视觉环境Visual landscape capacity 视觉景观容量Tour industry 旅游业Service industry 服务业Relief road 辅助道路Rural population 城镇居民Roofline 屋顶轮廓线风景园林四大要素：landscape plantarchitecture/buildingtopographywater-----------------------------------------------Urban designNature reserve 自然保护区Civic enterprise 市政企业Artery 动脉，干道，大道Land developer 土地开发商Broad thorough-fare 主干道---------------------------------------------------Water supply and drainageA water supply for a town 城市给水系统Storage reservoir 水库，蓄水库Distribution reservoir 水库，配水库Distribution pipes 配水管网Water engineer 给水工程师Distribution system 配水系统Catchment area 汇水面积Open channel 明渠Sewerage system 污水系统，排污体制Separate 分流制Combined 合流制Rainfall 降水Domestic waste 生活污水Industrical waste 工业污水Stream flow 河流流量Runoff 径流Treatment plant 处理厂Sub-main 次干管Branch sewer 支管City water department 城市供水部门--------------------------------------------------UrbanizationSpatial structure 空间转移Labor force 劳动力Renewable 可再生*Biosphere 生物圈Planned citiesBlueprints 蓝图License 执照，许可证Minerals 矿物Hydroelectric power source 水利资源Monuments 纪念物High-rise apartment 高层建筑物Lawn 草地Pavement 人行道Sidewalk 人行道Winding street 曲折的路----------------------------------------A view of VeniceMetropolis 都市Construction work 市政建设Slums 平民窟Alleys 大街小巷Populate 居住Gothic 哥特式Renaissance 文艺复兴式Baroque 巴洛克式。
专业英语短文翻译2
专业英语短文翻译2南京邮电大学复习资料五:《专业英语》短文翻译1.The reader may ask , how does the demultiplexer know which groupof 8-digits relates to channel 1, 2, and so on ? Clearly this is important ! The problem is easily overcome by specifying a frame format , where at the start of each frame a unique sequence of pulses called the frame code , or synchronization word , is placed so as to identify the start of the frame. A circuit of the demultiplexer is arranged to detect the synchronization word, and thereby it knows that the next group of 8-digits corresponds to channel 1.2.Advances in audio, video and speech coding and compression algorithms and progress in Very Large System Integration technology influence the bit rate generated by a certain service and thus changethe service requirements for the network. In the future, new services with unknown requirement will appear. For the time being it is yet unclear, e. g. what the requirement in terms of bit rate for HDTV will be. A specialized network has great difficulties in adapting to changing or new service requirements.3.When the transmitter wishes to send data, it first places the line in a space level (i. e. , the complement of a mark) for one element period. This element is called the start bit and has a duration of T seconds. The transmitter then sends the character, 1 bit at a time, byplacing each successive bit on the line for a duration of T seconds, until all bits have been transmitted. Then a single parity bit is calculated by the transmitter and sent after the data bits. Finally, the transmitter sends a stop bit at a mark level (i. e. the same level as the idle state) for one or two bit periods. Now the transmitter may send another character whenever it wishes4.The cellular switch, which can be either analog or digital, switches calls to connect mobile subscribers to other mobile subscribers and to the nationwide telephone network.. It also contains data links providing supervision links between the processor and the switch and between the cell sites and the processor. The radio link carries the voice and signaling between the mobile unit and the cell site. Microwave radio links or wire lines carry both voice and data between the cellsite and the MTSO.5.Today's telecommunication networks are characterized by specialization . This means that for every individual telecommunication service at least one network exists that transports this service. A few examples of existing public networks are described below Computer data are transported in the public domain by a packet switched data network (PSDN) based on X.25 protocol6.Today’s telecommunication networks are characterized by specialization . This means that for every individual telecommunication service at least one network exists that transports this service. A few examples of existing public networks are described below:Computer data are transported in the public domain by a packet switched data network (PSDN) based on X.25 protocols.Television signals can be transported in three ways: broadcast via radio waves using ground antenna, by the coaxial tree network of the community antenna TV (CATV) network or recently via a satellite, using the so-called direct broadcast system (DBS)7.By far the most popular serial interface between a computer andits CRT (显示器) terminal isthe asynchronous serial interface . This interface is so called because the transmitted data and the received data are not synchronized over any extended period and therefore no special means of synchronizing the clocks at the transmitter and receiver is necessary. In fact, the asynchronous serial data link is a very old form of data transmission system and has its origin in the era of the第1页共4页南京邮电大学teleprinter.8.At the receiving end of an asynchronous serial data link, the receiver continually monitors the line looking for a start bit. Once the start bit has been detected, the receiver waits until the end of thestart bit and then samples the next N bits at their centers, using a clock generated locally by the receiver. As each incoming bit is sampled, it is used to construct a new character. When the received character has been assembled, its parity is calculated and compared with the receivedparity bit following the character. If they are not equal, a parityerror flag is set to indicate a transmission error.9.If we consider binary transmission , the complete informationabout a particular message will always be obtained by simply detecting the presence or absence of the pulse. By comparison, most other forms of transmission systems convey the message information using the shape , or level of the transmitted signal ; parameters are most easily affected by the noise and attenuation introduced by the transmission path . Consequently there is an inherent advantage for overcoming noisy environments by choosing digital transmission.10. The Internet is the largest repository of information which can provide very large network resources . The network resources can be divided into network facilities resources and network information resources . The network facilities resources provide us the ability of remote computation and communication . The network information resources provide us all kinds of information services , such as science , education , business , history , law , art , and , entertainment , etc11.The SDH standards are based on the principle of direct synchronous multiplexing which is the key to cost effective and flexible telecommunication networking. In essence, it means that individual tributary signals may be multiplexing directly into a higher rate SDH signal without intermediate stage of multiplexing. SDH Network Elements can then be interconnected directly with obvious cost and equipment savings over the existing network.12.Improvements in component performance, cost, and reliability by 1980 led to major commitments on the part of telephone companies. Fibre soon became the preferred transmission medium for long-haul trunks. Some early installations 0. 8 µm light sources and graded-index multimode fibre, but by 1983, designers of intercity links were thinking in terms of 1. 3 µm, single-mode systems. The single-mode fibere, used in conjunction with a 1. 3 µm laser, provides a bandwidth advantage which translates into increased repeater spacings for high data rate system.13.The individual elements of multimedia are already handled by a standard 486 personal computer, such things as audio, graphics and text, but the major challenge is in real time video, for this is the major business requirement and a necessity if multimedia systems are to become standard items for the desktop. This real time processing requires a vast amount of data storage and this is a function of the amount of information contained in a colour picture, for instance a normal640×480pixel colour picture requires well over 1 M bytes of storage to give the required quality, though for full motion video this is increased up to 100 M bytes of data.1.读者也许会问，解复用器怎么知道哪一组8位码对应于第一路、第二路及其他各路呢?显然这是很重要的。
全部英语翻译专业英语
Lesson1 Civil engineering，the oldest of the engineering specialties，木工程学作为最老的工程技术学科is the planning，design，construcion，and management of the built environment. 是指规划，设计，施工及对建筑环境的管理。
This environment includes all structures built according to scientific principles,from irrigation and drainage systems to rocke-launching facilities. 此处的环境包括建筑符合科学规范的所有结构，从灌溉和排水系统到火箭发射设施。
Civil engineers木工程师build roads, bridges,tunnels,dams,harbors,power plants,water and sewage systems,hospitals schools,mass transit,and other public facilities essential to modern society and large population concentrations.建造道路，桥梁，管道，大坝，海港，发电厂，给排水系统，医院，学校，公共交通和其他现代社会和大量人口集中地区的基础公共设施。
They also build privately owned facilities such as airports,railroads,pipelines, skyscrapers,and other large stuctures designed for industrial,commercial,or residential use. 他们也建造私有设施，比如飞机场，铁路，管线，摩天大楼，以及其他设计用作工业，商业和住宅途径的大型结构。
城市规划专业英语翻译
CHAPTER ONE: EVOLUTION AND TRENDSARTICLE: The Evolution of Modern Urban PlanningIt’s very difficult to give a definition to modern urban planning, from origin to today, modern urban planning is more like an evolving and changing process, and it will continue evolving and changing. Originally, modern urban planning was emerged to resolve the problems brought by Industrial Revolution; it was physical and technical with focus on land-use. Then with the economic, social, political and technical development for over one hundred years, today’s city is a complex system which contains many elements that are related to each other. And urban planning is not only required to concern with the build environment, but also relate more to economic, social and political conditions.这是非常困难的给予定义，以现代城市规划，从起源到今天，现代城市规划更像是一个不断发展和变化的过程，它会继续发展和变化。
城乡规划专业英语复习资料-翻译
1.Shortly thereafter, businesses wishing to avoid the high rent of downtown office buildings moved to less dense office parks outside the city.此后不久，企业希望避免市中心办公楼的高租金，搬到城市外面密度小的办公园区。
2.Proliferation(激增，扩散)of housing developments, strip mall(单排商业街，沿公路商业街)，and office parks robs just as much “nature”from a suburb( 郊区) as skyscrapers and apartment buildings do from the city.住宅发展和沿公路商业街、办公园区的扩散，像抢夺“自然”一样，郊区的摩天大楼的公寓像城市一样。
3.Finally the placement of houses set back on large lots and the dependence of suburbanities on an automobile prevents the day-to-day interaction among neighbors, thus denying the residents a sense of community that is seen in the old-time neighborhoods in the city.最后安置房的布置决定了郊区市民必须依靠摩托车来维持每日的邻里交流，所以否定了以前城市中所见的社区邻里之间的归属感。
4.In 1898, social reformer Ebenezer Howard promulgated(颁布，宣布) a scheme( 方案、体制 ) to build new towns rather than add population to the already large cities, called the garden city plan.1898年，社会改革家霍德华颁布了一个方案，去建造一个新的城区而不是增加人口的大城市，称之为花园城市规划。
地理信息系统专业英语(全书翻译)
地理信息系统专业英语(全书翻译)
引言
本书是一本关于地理信息系统（Geographic Information System，简称GIS）专业英语的全书。
本书旨在帮助研究GIS的学生和从业
人员提高他们的英语听说读写技能，使他们能够流利地进行专业交
流和文献阅读。
全书内容包括以下几个部分：
第一部分：地理信息系统基础
本部分介绍了地理信息系统的基本概念和原理，包括地理数据、地图投影、地理空间分析等内容。
通过研究本部分的内容，读者可
以了解GIS的基础知识，并掌握相关的专业英语表达。
第二部分：地理信息系统应用领域
本部分介绍了地理信息系统在不同应用领域的具体应用，包括
土地利用规划、城市规划、环境保护等。
读者可以了解不同领域中
的GIS应用案例，并研究相关的专业英语表达。
第三部分：地理信息系统技术与工具
本部分介绍了地理信息系统的常用技术和工具，包括GIS软件、地理数据库、数据采集与处理等。
读者可以了解不同的GIS技术和
工具，并研究相关的专业英语表达。
第四部分：地理信息系统发展趋势与挑战
本部分介绍了地理信息系统的发展趋势和挑战，包括云计算、
大数据、人工智能等新技术对GIS的影响。
读者可以了解GIS领域的最新发展动态，并研究相关的专业英语表达。
结论
本书通过全面介绍地理信息系统的相关知识，帮助读者提高英
语水平和专业素养。
读者通过学习本书，可以更好地理解和应用地
理信息系统，并与国际同行进行有效的交流。
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1.Shortly thereafter, businesses wishing to avoid the high rent of downtown office buildings moved to less dense office parks outside the city.此后不久，企业希望避免市中心办公楼的高租金，搬到城市外面密度小的办公园区。
2.Proliferation(激增，扩散)of housing developments, strip mall(单排商业街，沿公路商业街)，and office parks robs just as much “nature”from a suburb( 郊区) as skyscrapers and apartment buildings do from the city.住宅发展和沿公路商业街、办公园区的扩散，像抢夺“自然”一样，郊区的摩天大楼的公寓像城市一样。
3.Finally the placement of houses set back on large lots and the dependence of suburbanities on an automobile prevents the day-to-day interaction among neighbors, thus denying the residents a sense of community that is seen in the old-time neighborhoods in the city.最后安置房的布置决定了郊区市民必须依靠摩托车来维持每日的邻里交流，所以否定了以前城市中所见的社区邻里之间的归属感。
4.In 1898, social reformer Ebenezer Howard promulgated(颁布，宣布) a scheme( 方案、体制 ) to build new towns rather than add population to the already large cities, called the garden city plan.1898年，社会改革家霍德华颁布了一个方案，去建造一个新的城区而不是增加人口的大城市，称之为花园城市规划。
5.It is a international movement to reform the design of the built environment, and is about raising our quality of life and standard of living by creating a better places to live.这是一个国际性的改革运动，对已建成环境的设计，它是关于提高我们的生活质量和居住标准有关的，通过建造一个更好的居住空间。
6.New urbanism involves fixing and infilling cities, as well as the creation of compact new towns and villages.新的城市生活方式包括固定的、密集的和创造出更多的紧凑的新城镇和乡村。
7.When “public interest” is recognized in planning field, it definitely challenges the unitary planning, in which planners decide what they think is right based on professional knowledge.当“公共利益”在规划领域被公认为绝对地挑战统一规划，规划师们决定他们所想的事情的正确性是以他们的专业知识为基础的。
8.For example, in the period of economic depression, majority of people may concern more about economy but ignore the destruction( 破坏、损坏 ) to the environment.例如，在经济不景气时期，大多数人可能更关注经济而忽视了对环境的破坏。
9.Urban form, including size, density, configuration(组合), layout, mix of uses and building types, can make a significant impact on sustainability( 持久性 ).城市形态，包括大小、密度、组合、布局，混合使用和建筑类型，会对持久性产生重大影响。
10.Five types of elements(城市形态的元素)：
1)Paths, which may be streets, walkways, transit lines,
canals, railroads……道路，可以是街道、步行街、公共交
通路线、运河、铁路……
2)Edges, which include shores, railroad cuts, edges of
development, walls…边境，包括海岸线、铁路边界线、界限延伸、围墙……
3)Districts, which are recognizable with same common
character.区域，被认定为具有相同的共性。
4)Nodes(节点), which may be centers of activities, like a
shopping center, major junctions, places of break in transportation……节点，可以是活动中心、购物中心、主要的交叉点、交通中转站……
5)Landmarks(指标志性建筑物、构筑物等), which are usually
a rather defined physical object such as building, sign,
mountain or monument……可以是明确的对象的建筑、标志物、山或者纪念碑。
11.At the macro-scale(宏观尺度), a sustainable urban form should possess a distinctive and legible urban spatial structure, which can be identified from townscape, land use pattern, the framework of routes and open spaces, infrastructure and transportation system.在宏观尺度来看，可持续的城市形态应具有鲜明和清晰的城市空间结构，课确定从景观、土地利用格局、路线和开放的空间框架、基础设施和运输系统。
12.The purpose of urban conservation is to care for places of cultural heritage value, their structures, materials and cultural meaning.城市古迹保护的目标是照顾这些地区的文化遗产价值，他们的结构组成、材质和文化意义。