北京大学社会学专业历年考博真题考博英语参考书-育明考博
清华大学社会学专业考博真题-育明考博
4.翻译备考资料： （1）考博英语翻译讲义及指导练习 （2）考博英语翻译重要方法分析 （3）考博英语翻译常见单词和词组的正确处理方式 （4）考博英语翻译精讲与强化 （5）考博英语翻译致胜押题 20 篇
综合考试
09 社会心理学 （清华-北大-伯 克利项目）
综合考试
育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：
1、清华大学社会科学学院社会学专业考博的报录比平均在 5:1-6:1 左右（竞争较激烈）
2、初试英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得
较高的分数。专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。
第二，专题信息汇总整理。每一位考生在复习专业课的最后阶段都应当进行专题总结，专题的来 源一方面是度历年真题考点的针对性遴选，另一方面是导师研究课题。最后一方面是专业前沿问题。 每一个专题都应当建立详尽的知识体系，做到专题知识点全覆盖。
第三，专业真题及解析。专业课的试题都是论述题，答案的开放性比较强。一般专业课每科有 4-5 道大题，考试时间各 3 小时，会有十几页答题纸，整个的答题和书写量是非常大的。考生在专业课复 习中仅仅有真题是不够的，还需要配合对真题最权威最正统的解析，两相印证才能够把握导师出题的 重点、范围以及更加偏重哪一类的答案。
难度、考察重点、题目来源等有价值的信息，结合以上分析得出的结论进行复习才会事半功倍有的放
矢。学校在出题时经常会参照研究生英语教学的课程内容以及外院导师所著的英语辅导资料。此外也
会借鉴其他重点院校的一些考博英语试题。
北京大学教育博士专业学位(Ed.D)考博真题、考博参考书、考博分数线
教育学院博士研究生考试教育管理教育博士专业学位（Ed.D.）考博复习资料--育明考博一、北京大学教育博士专业学位（Ed.D.）考博招生报考分析（育明考博）招生专业计划招生人数招考方式考试内容045101教育管理（教育博士专业学位）2016年15人2017年13人申请-考核制专业笔试（教育管理综合）专业面试A、学术潜力和研究设想B、学术基础和研究素质）育明教育考博：点击咨询杜老师1、教育管理-教育博士专业学位考博的报录比平均在5:1左右，招生对象为从事教育管理及相关工作经历的考生。
2、2016年实际录取的考生包括15名统考考生，1名港澳台考生。
2017年实际录取15人，其中包括3名专项计划录取学生。
3、从2013年开始北大教育学院的博士招生开始实行“申请-审核制”，与以往的考试制在考查方式、考查测重点方面都有所区别。
“申请制”不代表不考试，也不代表考试不重要，最终决定能否被录取的还是考试成绩（材料审核成绩不计入最终排名的总分）。
4、材料审核中重点打分项：①科研成果（论文、working paper、参与课题）②工作履历③外语水平④本硕院校⑤博士修习计划5、报考北大教育学院博士的考生如果没有能够证明英语能力的材料需参加“北京大学博士研究生英语水平考试”（教育学院单独命题）6、学生须交纳培养费共计人民币10万元，分4年交清，每学年25000元。
交通食宿费用及国外学习考察费用自理。
二、北京大学教育博士专业学位（Ed.D.）考博报考条件1．品行端正，遵纪守法；2．具有硕士学位；3．高等学校中高层管理人员；4．有5年以上教育或相关领域全职工作经历；5．健康状况符合规定的体检标准；6.入学后能脱产学习一学年以上的申请者在同等条件下优先考虑。
三、北京大学教育经济与管理专业考博申请材料（1）通过网上报名系统打印的《报名登记表》；（2）学位、学历证书的复印件；（3）身份证复印件；（4）硕士课程成绩单的原件或复印件（提供复印件的同学须在复试时提交原件）；（5）硕士学位论文；（6）两位与所申请学科相关的副教授（或相当于副教授）以上职称专家的推荐信；（7）攻读博士学位期间本人想致力研究的问题和设想的陈述书；（8）学习和工作经历、经验、能力、特别成就、公开发表的学术论文、所获专利及其他原创性研究成果的陈述和证明；（9）外语水平证明复印件。
2020年北京大学社会学系社会工作考研招生信息、录取名单、真题、辅导优势_20190527171309
2019-2020年北京大学社会学系社会工作考研招生目录、拟录取名单、复试信息、历年真题、分数线、参考书、辅导优势、复习技巧By育明小徐老师一、2019年北大社会学系社会工作考研招生信息：育明教育徐老师备注解析：1.2019年社会学系计划招收64人，推免29人，统考计划招收35人。
社会工作硕士招收全日制40人，其中推免14人，录取统招26人。
2018年社会工作专业统招28人，比计划人数多2人。
2.社会工作硕士主要有5个研究方向，这七个方向考试内容都是一样的，都是考政治，英语一或俄语或日语或法语或德语，社会工作原理以及社会工作实务，也是同一划线的。
我们育明教育会根据每位考生的基础和学习进度制定符合每位考生的计划，并根据学习情况随时调整复习计划。
考生只需要按照复习计划按部就班的去学习就可以取得一个比较理想的分数。
二、北大社会学系社工2019年录取名单：三、北大2019年社会学系硕士研究生复试通知：一、复试基本分数线二、复试要求及程序复试是用于考查考生的创新能力、专业素养和综合素质等，是硕士研究生录取的必要环节，未参加复试或复试不合格者不予录取。
（一）资格审查1)复试前将对考生的居民身份证、学历证书（以报名时现场确认截止日期前所获得的文凭为准）、学生证等报名材料原件进行严格审查，审查不合格者，不予复试。
考生应在复试前提交证明材料，对弄虚作假者，将取消其复试资格。
往届生携带最后毕业证书和学位证书复印件，同时审查最后毕业证书和学位证书原件；持有国（境）外学位证书，需提供中国教育部留学服务中心出具的认证报告原件审核，同时提交复印件，2019年的应届本科毕业生需携带学生证。
2)审核港澳台生英语水平证明原件；3)身份证明：a)大陆（内地）申请人，请携带居民身份证和初试准考证；b)港澳地区申请人请携带香港或澳门永久性居民身份证和《港澳居民来往内地通行证》原件；台湾地区申请人请携带台湾居住的有效身份证明和《台湾居民来往大陆通行证》原件；c)留学生请携带外籍护照。
北京大学考博英语-10_真题-无答案
北京大学考博英语-10(总分57.5,考试时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ V ocabulary1. The destruction of the Twin Towers in New York City ______ shock and anger not only throughout America but also throughout the whole world.A. envelopedB. summonedC. temptedD. provoked2. The beauty of the reflected images in the limpid pool was the poignant beauty of things that are ______, exist only until the sunset.A. equitableB. ephemeralC. euphoniousD. evasive3. As a result, the mission of the school, along with the culture of the classroom, ______A. was slowly to changeB. are slowly changedC. is slowly changingD. have slowly changed4. Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap and ______ foodstuff for their cooking.A. versatileB. multipleC. manifoldD. diverse5. Before turning to writing, I spent eight years as a lawyer______about how life would be with a prominent father blazing my trail.A. fantasizingB. fascinatingC. facilitatingD. finalizing6. Nobody knows why there are so few women at the ______ of movies.A. helmB. seatC. controlD. reign7. There is a conspicuous lack of public debate about how this insular country should______the reality that more immigrants **ing and that those already here are changing Japan.A. abide byB. account forC. act onD. adjust to8. Bystanders, ______, ______ as they walked past lines of ambulances.A. bloody and covered with dust, looking dazedB. bloodied and covered with dust, looked dazedC. bloody and covered with dust, looked dazedD. bloodied and covered with dust, looking dazed9. ______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A. To be freeB. To freeC. FreeingD. Freed10. The children prefer camping in the mountains ______ an indoor activity.A. toB. thanC. forD. with11. ______ they think it **e to an end through the hands of God, or a natural disaster or a political event, whatever the reason, nearly 15 percent of people worldwide think the end of the world is coming, according to a new poll.A. EitherB. WhetherC. NeitherD. If12. ______before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.A. Had they arrivedB. Would they arriveC. Were they arrivingD. Were they to arrive13. The American Revolution had no medieval legal institutions to ______ or to root out, apart from monarchy.A. discardB. discreetC. discordD. disgorge14. The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a ______ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion.A. longB. foreverC. lastingD. lively15. ______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.A. Being shown around the campusB. Having shown to the campusC. After been shown around the campusD. Having been shown around the campus16. Unloved and unwanted youngsters may be tempted to run away from home to escape their problems, ______ bigger ones in cities plagued with crime, drugs, and immorality.A. have only foundB. only findingC. only foundD. only to find17. Glass-fiber cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations ______.A. spontaneously B: simultaneously C. immediately D. immiscibly18. "What courses are you going to do next semester?""I don"t know. But it"s about time______on something."A. I"ddecideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I"m deciding19. "What do they eat in Hawaii?" ______ eat rice rather than potatoes."A. Most of peopleB. Most of the peopleC. The most of peopleD. The most people20. Scientists generally hold that language has been so long in use that the length of time writing is known to cover is ______in Comparison.A. overwhelmingB. uninspiringC. astoundingD. triflingPart Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionIt happened in the late fall of 1939 when, after a Nazi submarine had penetrated the British sea defense around the Firth of Forth and damaged a British cruiser, Reston and a colleague contrived to get the news past British censorship. They cabled a series of seemingly harmless sentences to The Times"s editors in New York, having first sent a message instructing the editors to regard only the last word of each sentence. Thus they were able to convey enough words to spell out the story. The fact that the news of the submarine attack was printed in New York before it had appeared in the British press sparked a big controversy that led to an investigation by Scotland Yard and British Military Intelligence. But it took the investigators eight weeks to decipher The Times"s reporters" code, an embarrassingly slow bit of detective work, and when it was finally solved the incident had given the story very prominent play, later expressed dismay that the reporters had risked so much for so little. And the incident left Reston deeply distressed. It was so out of character for him to have. become involved in such a thing. The tactics were questionable and, though the United States was not yet in the war, Britain was already established as America"s close ally and breaking British censorship seemed both an irresponsible and unpatriotic thing to do.1. The episode recounted in the passage took place ______.A. just prior to the outbreak of the Second World WarB. bofore Britain entered the Second World WarC. before the United States entered the Second World WarD. while the United States was in the Second World War2. It was clear that British censorship rules had been broken because the story was ______.A. first published in New YorkB. published nowhere but in The TimesC. uncomplimentary to the BristishD. much fuller in its Times version than elsewhere3. According to the author, the British did little about the story"s publication mainly because ______.A. everyone responsible had apologized for what had happenedB. it took the authorities too long to figure out how the censors had been outwittedC. Scotland Yard and British Military Intelligence disagreed about who was at faultD. they were afraid to admit that the censors had been so easily fooled4. The passage indicates that eventually everyone involved came to regard the publication of the story in The Times as a ______.A. regrettable errorB. cheap journalistic trickC. brilliant journalistic maneuverD. proper exercise of the freedom of the pressBefore a big exam, a sound night"s sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between **peting theories of why sleep is good for the memory. one says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then "edited" at night, to flush away what is superfluous.To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of deep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a **ing on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern--what is referred to as "artificial grammar". Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not.What is more, those with more to learn (i. e. , the "grammar", as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button) have more active brains. The "editing" theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.5. Researchers in behavioral psychology are divided with regard to ______A. how dreams are modified in their coursesB. the difference between sleep and wakefulnessC. why sleep is of great benefit to memoryD. the functions of a good night"s sleep6. As manifested in the experimental study, rapid eye movement is characterized by ______A. intensely active brainwave tracesB. subjects" quicker response timesC. complicated memory patternsD. revival of events in the previous day7. By referring to the artificial grammar, the author intends to show ______A. its significance in the studyB. an inherent pattern being learntC. its resemblance to the lightsD. the importance of night"s sleep8. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand or express the emotion that it ______ in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflectsB. retainsC. rousesD. radiatesin science the meaning of the word "explain" suffers with civilization"s every step in search of reality. Science cannot really explain electricity, magnetism, and gravitation; their effects can be measured and predicted, but of their nature no more is known to the modem scientist than to Thales who first speculated on the electrification of amber. Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can ever discover what these mysterious forces "really" are. "Electricity," Bertrand Russell says, "is not a thing, like St. Paul"s Cathedral; it is a way in which things behave. When we have told how things behave when they are electrified, and under what circumstances they are electrified, we have told all there is to tell." Until recently scientists would have disapproved of such an idea. Aristotle, for example, whose natural science dominated Western thought for two thousand years, believed that man could arrive at an understanding of reality by reasoning from self-evident principles. He felt, for example, that it is a self-evident principle that everything in the universe has its proper place, hence one can deduce that objects fall to the ground because that"s where they belong, and smoke goes up because that"s where it belongs. The goal of Aristotelian science was to explain why things happen. Modem science was born when Galileo began trying to explain how things happen and thus originated the method of controlled experiment which now forms the basis of scientific investigation.9. Bertrand Russell"s notion about electricity is______A. disapproved of by most modern scientistsB. in agreement with Aristotle"s theory of self-evident principlesC. in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "how" things happenD. in agreement with scientific investigation directed toward "why" things happen10. The passage says that until recently scientists disagreed with the idea that______A. there are self-evident principlesB. there are mysterious forces in the universeC. man cannot discover what forces "really" areD. we can discover why things behave as they do11. The expression "speculated on" (Line 4) means______A. consideredB. suspectedC. expectedD. engaged in buying and sellingThe domestic economy in the United States expanded in a remarkably vigorous and steady fashion. The revival in consumer confidence was reflected in the higher proportion of incomes spent for goods and services and the marked increase in consumer willingness to take on installment debt. A parallel strengthening in business psychology was manifested in a stepped-up rate of plant and equipment spending and a gradual pickup in expenses for inventory. Confidence in the economy was also reflected in the strength of the stock market and in the stability of the bond market. For the years as a whole, consumer and business sentiment benefited from the ease in East-West tensions.The bases of the business expansion were to be found mainly in the stimulative monetary andfiscal policies that had been pursued. Moreover, the restoration of sounder liquidity positions and tighter management control of production efficiency had also helped lay the groundwork for a strong expansion. In addition, the economic policy moves made by the President had served to renew optimism on the business outlook while boosting hopes that inflation would be brought under more effective control. Final]y, of course, the economy was able to grow as vigorously as it did because sufficient leeway existed in terms of idle men and machines.The United States balance of payments deficit declined sharply. Nevertheless, by any other test, the deficit remained very large, and there was actually a substantial deterioration in our trade account to a sizable deficit, almost two-thirds of which was with Japan. While the overall trade performance proved disappointing, there are still good reasons for expecting the delayed impact of devaluation to produce in time a significant strengthening in our trade picture. Given the size of the **ponent of our trade deficit, however, the outcome will depend importantly on the extent of the corrective measures undertaken by Japan. Also important will be our own efforts in the United States to fashion internal policies consistent with an improvement in our external balance.The underlying task of public policy for the year ahead--and indeed for the longer run--remained a familiar one: to strike the right balance between encouraging healthy economic growth and avoiding inflationary pressures. With the economy showing sustained and vigorous growth, and with the currency crisis highlighting the need to improve **petitive posture internationally, the emphasis seemed to be shifting to the problem of inflation. The Phase Three Program of wage and price restraint can contribute to reducing inflation. Unless productivity growth is unexpectedly large; however, the expansion of real output must eventually begin to slow down to the economy"s larger run growth potential if generalized demand pressures on prices are to be avoided.12. The author mentions increased installment debt in the first paragraph in order to show ______.A. the continuing expansion of the economyB. the growth of consumer purchasing powerC. the consumers" confidence in the economyD. the soaring consumer incomes for spending13. Paragraph 2 mainly deals with ______.A. economic policy measures suggested by the PresidentB. the causes of business development for the periodC. the stimulative monetary and fiscal policesD. the revival of stronger liquidity positions14. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the author"s attitude toward the reduction of the international payments deficit seems ______.A. bitter-sweetB. pessimisticC. sympatheticD. doubtful15. Part of the public policy task, as outlined in the text, is to ______.A. prevent payments deficitB. devalue the American dollarC. avoid inflationary pressuresD. increase the balance of trade16. It can be learned from the last paragraph that the Phase Three Program contained ______.A. devaluation of the dollarB. productivity measuresC. reduced government spendingD. wage and price controlsPart Ⅲ ClozeThe strangest weather of last year was possibly not on Earth, but on the Sun. Every 11 years 31 the Sun goes through a cycle of sunspots--actually magnetic storms erupting across its surface. The number of sunspots 32 its minimum in 2007 and 33 have increased soon afterwards, but the Sun has remained strangely quiet since then. Scientists have been baffled as weeks and sometimes months have gone by without a single sunspot, in 34 is thought to be the deepest solar minimum for almost 100 years.This 35 of solar activity means that cosmic rays reaching Earth from space have increased and the planet"s ionosphere in the upper atmosphere has sunk in 36 , giving less drag on satellites and making collisions between them and space junk more likely. The solar minimum could also be cooling the climate on Earth because of slightly diminished solar irradiance. In fact, the quiet spell on the Sun may be 37 some of the warming effects of greenhouse gases, accounts for the somewhat flat temperature trend of the past decade. But 38 if this solar minimum is offsetting global warming, scientists stress that the overall effect is relatively slight and certainly will not last.The Sun has gone into long quiet spells before. From 1645 to 1715 few sunspots were seen during a period called the Little Ice Age, when short summers and savage winters often plagued Northern Europe. Scotland was hit particularly 39 as harvests were ruined in cold, miserable summers, which led to famine, death, migration and huge depopulation. But whether the quiet Sun was entirely to blame for it remains highly 40 .1.A. and soB. or soC. on soD. soon2.A. increasedB. gotC. reducedD. reached3.A. shouldB. couldC. wouldD. might4.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. how5.A. muchB. lackC. numberD. amount6.A. highB. heightC. altitudeD. space7.A. makingB. causingC. decreasingD. masking8.A. evenB. whatC. in caseD. still9.A. hardB. severeC. harshD. heavy10.A. certainB. unlikelyC. likelyD. uncertainPart Ⅳ Proofreading(66)Prosperous alumni helped make 2006 a recorded fund-raising year for colleges and universities, which hauled in $28 billion-- a 9.4 percent jump from 2005.(67) There were increases across the board, but for usual it was the already wealthy who tared best.(68) Stanford"s $911 million was the most ever collected by a single university, and rose the possibility of a billion-dollar fund-raising year in the not-too-distant future.(69)"There were a set of ideas and a set of initiatives that the university is undertaking that people wanted to invest,"said Martin Shell, Stanford"s vice president for development. (70) "This is an unbelievably generous response from unbelievably philanthropic set of alumni, parents, and friends."(71) Harvard ranked two in fund-raising last year with $595 million.(72) National, donations from alumni rose 18.3 percent from 2005, according to figures released yesterday by the Council for Aid to Education.(73)Alumni donations account about 30 percent of giving to higher education.(74)Giving from other groups, such as corporations and foundations, increased by much small amounts.(75)Survey director Ann Kaplan said the strong economics played a role, but universities also were asking more aggressively as part of formal fund-raising campaigns.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.。
北京大学社会学系2015年人类学博士试题
【考博集结号】北京大学社会学系2015年人类学博士试题xiayi2015-03-14 20:14:00今年北大的题目很普通，报名26人，貌似只招1个？？？，好好复习的应该能考个90分吧~2015年北京大学社会学系人类学考博试题社会人类学理论普通题：15*5=60分1. 试述自然与文化的关系。
2. 列维•斯特劳斯对社会人类学的主要贡献有哪些？3. 试述摩尔根的人类学理论并简要加以评论。
4. 如何从“世界人类学群”概念认识中国人类学的发展机会？方向分支题20*2=40分王铭铭1. 你如何理解文化自觉？2. 论述莫斯的《礼物》一书的主要内容、贡献、意义。
周云1. 试述文化人类学对家庭研究的贡献。
2. 试述文化对个体生育意愿的影响。
高丙中1. 政府以“公共服务均等化”的名义在全国乡村兴办读书室，但大多数都没有发挥预期的作用。
你是这分析一下是什么原因。
（你可以补充一些事实在分析）2. 春节活动原来成为民俗，现在列为国家级非物质文化遗产代表作名录，这一变化的思想和政治意涵是什么？朱晓阳1. 何谓政治人类学？2. 请对《上缅甸诸政治体制：克钦社会结构之研究》一书中关于贡龙gumlao和贡萨gumsa周期性摆动的观点进行评述。
社会人类学方法普通题10*3=301. 请根据个人的调查经验，对延伸（拓展）个案方法的特点进行论述。
2. 试说明民族志研究中现状与历史考察相结合的重要性。
3. 评述马库斯等主编的《写文化》在人类学方法发展史上的意义。
方向题20*2=40王铭铭1. 试述人类学研究个案、比较和综合概况的层次性与一体性。
2. 试述马林诺夫斯基对社会人类学方法的贡献。
周云1. 以自己的研究为例，说明文化人类学对社会科学研究方法的贡献。
2. 讨论费孝通在《生育制度》一书中所使用的方法论。
高丙中1. 请阐述以日常生活为对象的社会文化研究何以可能，又如何可行？2. 中国人类学界对于发达国家的社会进行“文化”或“民俗”的研究具有什么意义？朱晓阳1. 你如何理解主位观点emic的含义与价值？2. 评述中国人类学近些年在方法上的进步？专业英语30Please introduce one of your anthropological researches in English.(总觉得是让人把毕业论文英文摘要写上，你觉得呢？)。
北大教育学院教育管理(教育博士)考博真题参考书复习资料考试内容考试重点-育明考博
北京大学教育学院教育管理（教育博士）考博指导-育明考博一、2016年考博英语复习资料推荐（育明教育考博分校课程辅导中心）2.1关于考博英语资料虽然说北京大学自己命题，但是考试的难度和题型是非常中规中矩的，和其他学校没有什么大的区别，其实各个学校的考博英语都没有多大的区别。
为什么每一个学校都不公布考博英语的真题呢？很大一个原因就是存在互相抄袭的情况，有的都到了让人叹为观止的地步。
英语这门学科和专业课的准备方法很不相同，英语必须要有实力，我们提倡“高能高分，高分高能”，实力是最重要的。
但是不是让大家漫无目的的学，准备考博英语是有方法的，我们聘请了研究考博英语的专家北外英语系系主任夏岩教授作为考博英语课题组长，在研究各个学校的考题的基础上，发现了各个学校出题很有共性，在此基础上夏教授牵头编写了一套资料，包括词汇、完型、翻译、作文、语法等九部分，凡是用过的同学无不受益匪浅。
其中《考博英语真题解析》这本书已经由河北工业大学出版社正式出版了，这本书是夏岩教授精心挑选的引用率最高的学校的试题，大家务必好好做做，考试的时候说不定就有惊喜。
2.2关于考博英语资料《2016年考博英语复习资料》由育明考博的英语辅导专家组共同编写。
该套资料针对考博英语的题型、考察重点、出题形式、出题范围，并结合了具有代表性的各大院校考博英语试题命题组老师的著作、上课课件以及英语等级考试试题，从而可以在短期内有效地提升广大考生的英语应试能力。
（资料可以邮寄）全套资料目录：（一）、2016版《考博英语真题解析》，育明考博编著河北大学出版社出版，北外教授夏岩主编，育明考博资料中心共同编著。
包含全国20多所具有代表性的院校考博英语真题集最为详尽的答案解析、作文模板，是广大考博人必备的考博英语复习资料。
（二）、考博英语各专项复习资料1.词汇备考资料：（1）考博英语词汇讲义及真题举例（2）博士研究生英语考试大纲重点词汇（3）考博英语高频词汇、短语汇总（4）全国重点院校博士英语词汇真题精选（5）英语教授讲座稿件（考博英语词汇）2.完形填空备考资料：（1）考博英语完形填空讲义及指导练习（2）考博英语完形填空基础夯实练习3.阅读理解备考资料：（1）考博英语阅读理解讲义及指导练习（2）考博英语阅读理解精选精练精讲（中级）（3）考博英语阅读理解精选精练精讲（高级）4.翻译备考资料：（1）考博英语翻译讲义及指导练习（2）考博英语翻译重要方法分析（3）考博英语翻译常见单词和词组的正确处理方式（4）考博英语翻译精讲与强化（5）考博英语翻译致胜押题20篇5.写作备考资料：（1）考博英语写作讲义及指导练习（2）育明老师考博英语作文评分等级点评参考（3）考博英语写作各部分优秀参考公式（4）考博英语优秀范文精选（5）育明优秀学员作文笔记精选及写作模板（6）2015考博英语作文押题35篇（三）、精选考博英语命题可参照院校的考博真题及解析1.北京大学考博英语真题解析（一套）2.清华大学考博英语真题解析（一套）3.复旦大学考博英语真题解析（一套）4.中科院考博英语真题解析（一套）5.厦门大学考博英语真题解析（一套）6.同济大学考博英语真题解析（一套）7.武汉大学考博英语真题解析（一套）（四）、2016年考博英语名师押题及解析（共3套）二、北京大学教育博士考博专业课参考书教育管理综合：1.《现代教育学基础》，（日）筑波大学教育学会编，钟启泉译，上海教育出版社20032.《教育哲学》，张楚廷著，教育科学出版社，20063.《高等教育理念》，（英）罗纳德.巴尼特著，蓝劲松主译，北京大学出版社，20124.《教育政策研究基础》，陈学飞主编，人民教育出版社，20115.《大学运行模式》，[美]伯恩鲍姆，别敦荣译，中国海洋大学出版社，20036.《高等教育运行机制研究》，闵维方主编，人民教育出版社，20027.《高等教育系统》，[美]伯顿·克拉克，杭州大学出版社，1994育明教育考博课程部陈老师解析：1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何初步将参考书中的知识内容对应到答题中，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
北京大学教育管理(教育博士)专业考博真题考试重点考博内容报录比历年真题-育明考博
2016年北京大学教育学院教育管理（教育博士）考博指导-育明考博一、北京大学教育博士考博专业课参考书教育管理综合：1.《现代教育学基础》，（日）筑波大学教育学会编，钟启泉译，上海教育出版社20032.《教育哲学》，张楚廷著，教育科学出版社，20063.《高等教育理念》，（英）罗纳德.巴尼特著，蓝劲松主译，北京大学出版社，20124.《教育政策研究基础》，陈学飞主编，人民教育出版社，20115.《大学运行模式》，[美]伯恩鲍姆，别敦荣译，中国海洋大学出版社，20036.《高等教育运行机制研究》，闵维方主编，人民教育出版社，20027.《高等教育系统》，[美]伯顿·克拉克，杭州大学出版社，1994育明教育考博课程部陈老师解析：1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何初步将参考书中的知识内容对应到答题中，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
建议大家可以在专业课老师的指导下来高效率、高质量完成这项工作，为整个备考的成功构建基础。
2、专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要使用相关的参考书笔记、导师课件讲义、各专题总结。
读哪一些资料有用、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
育明教育针对北京大学教育学院考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。
每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。
根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。
（北大考博资料、复习经验、辅导课程咨询育明教育杜老师叩叩;捌玖叁、贰肆壹、二二六）二、北京大学教育学院考博真题（育明考博课程资料节选）2015北京大学教育学原理考博真题一、名词解释（每题10分，共60分）1.六艺2.有教无类3.苏湖教法4.佩斯泰洛奇5.苏格拉底“自知其无知”6.蔡元培“以美育代宗教”二、简答题（每题30分，共60分）1.简述设计教学法特点2.简述你对韩愈《师说》：“师者，所以传道、授业、解惑也”的理解。
北大社会学考博的经验参考书出题人-英语真题-育明考博
北大社会学考博的经验分享我作为跨专业的学生，报考了北大、清华、人大三所学校的社会学专业。
清华和人大是全系第一名，北大是本教研室第一名，全系第二名。
我最后决定在北大和清华中选一所学校继续我的学业。
今天想和大家共同探讨一下关于考博的问题。
一、考博的准备工作决定考博之前最重要的一条是要弄清楚自己的职业生涯规划，如果仅仅是为了逃避就业难的话，那么这无疑是在给自己未来的人生道路挖陷阱。
研究生可以混毕业，但博士生则是不能的，因此是否愿意并能静下心来从事研究是做决定的一个首要问题。
考博第一项工作是要选择一个自己喜欢的专业，能仅仅看热门度或者考试的难易度。
我在咱们学院念思政，而考博的专业是社会学，换专业是兴趣使然，未来要从事好多年的研究，必须选一个自己真正喜欢的专业。
社会学是一门让我激动的学科，一看见社会学书籍我就难以压制住对马克斯·韦伯所说的“以学术为业”的憧憬。
正是这种狂热，使得我在北大、清华、人大社会学博士考试中能够胜出那些念了至少7年社会学的科班人士。
因为喜欢这个专业，所以我有激情，有恒心，更有信心。
联系我们扣扣：四九三三七一六二六。
电话：四零零六六八六九七八然后是确定学校。
我的建议是选择学校的底线是咱们本校。
因为兴趣上的选择无疑是一种愉悦，但未来的就业也是不得不面对的现实，所以学校的牌子是一个必须引起重视的因素。
最后是联系导师。
请大家务必注意这一点，因为对于录取与否的决定因素不是别人，而是你所选择的导师。
首先，你得知道这个导师的研究方向、他本人的知名度、公平度。
其次是一定要弄清楚这个老师今年是否招生，以及是否有内定候选人的倾向。
我今年之所以报了北、清、人三个学校，主要就是因为在报考导师时失误了。
我一直想去的是北大，当报考完后，才知道所选导师自己本校所带的硕士生要硕博连读(北大硕博连读的学生是不参加初试的，只参加复试，而且占名额)。
好的学校都是一个导师只带一个博士生，所以如果当年根本就没有名额的话，你参加考试的意义就不是很大，除非你的各方面表现特好。
(完整版)北大社会学考研北大社会学考博试题
北大社会学考博试题- -1998年北京大学社会学系博士生入学考试试题社会学理论1名词解释（3分/题）结构化 Bourdieu 沟通行动2从理论与方法两方面论述中国社会学本土化的产生、原因及学科建设的意义，以及你的观点。
（21分）3比较韦伯与Durkheim对现代社会的论述。
（20分）4中国农村体制改革目前遇到的难点与关键点是什么，试用社会结构动因及运行机制分析之。
（25分）5费孝通"乡土中国"的特点，对当今有什么意义，举例说明。
（25分）社会学方法1社会学理论解释的类型。
（10）2比较实验方法与抽样调查方法。
（10）3当代社会学方法的进展与特点。
（15）4近十几年来社会学实地研究（包括社区研究、田野调查和个案研究的进展与问题，以案例或自己的调查说明。
（20）5设X1、X2、Z（定类变量提示可以设为虚拟变量）与Y可以写成多元回归方程，请写出来。
（？）1999年北京大学社会学系博士生入学考试社会学理论1.帕森斯结构功能论的基本观点？以后的学者有哪些批评？功能主义和新功能主义如何对待这些批评？（20）2.结合中国社会实际，分析"现代性"的几种主要观点？（10）3.马林诺夫斯基说，三十年代出现了社会学的中国学派，他的基本观点是什么？你有什么看法？（10）城乡社会学方向1.用制度变迁的理论分析中国农村社会的制度或组织变迁？（20）2. 用一个或几个理论分析中国农村的非农化过程。
（20）3. 试以社会学的观点分析中国社会目前面临的"需求不足"现象。
（10）4、在东南亚金融危机中，有人认为与亚洲某些国家在经济活动中重视人际关系的特点有关，你有什么看法？（10）社会学研究方法1、试述社区调查与大规模问卷调查的优缺点，并以实例说明。
（20）2、试述个体主义与整体主义方法论之争。
（10）3、韦伯的个体主义方法论与科尔曼的个体主义方法论的差异？（10）城乡社会学方向1.说明社会学研究在方法上与其他学科（如经济学）的不同？（20）2.如果进行进城农民工与城市居民的社会差异和相互关系的调查，请设计问卷的基本结构和设计程序。
北京大学考博英语2013年试题及答案解析
北京大学2013年博士研究生入学考试英语试题Part One: Listening ComprehensionSection A (10%)Directions: In this section you will hear 3 passages. Each passage will be read only ONCE. At the end of each passage, there will be a pause. Listen carefully to the passagesand then answer the questions that follow. Mark your choice on the AnswerSheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the passage you have just heard.1. Which of the following statements is true about heart disease?A. It kills 2.6 million people all over the world each year.B. It is a major disease in Western countries.C. It is caused by the blood supply that nourishes the heart muscle.D. It can cause the blood vessels to become blocked.2. What can we learn from the study in England and Scotland?A. There are more meat and fish eaters than vegetarians in the study.B. 32% of the people in the study are vegetarians.C. People who have normal blood pressure and a healthy weight-are eligible for the study.D. No vegetarians died from heart disease in the study.3. What did Tracy Parker from the British Heart Foundation suggest?A. Eating more vegetables would result in a healthy heart.B. Vegetarians should eat foods high in saturated fat and salt, too.C. We should try to avoid meat in our diet.D. Vegetarians had better eat meat to compensate for any lost vitamins and minerals. Passage TwoQuestions 4 to 6 are based on the passage you have just heard.4. Which of the following statements in NOT true about the Chinese version of James Joyce’snovel Finnegans Wake?A. It took the translator 8 years to translate.B. It was so popular among readers that a second edition was being printed.C. The first run of 8,000 copies sold out in less than a month.D. It was one of the bestsellers in Shanghai last week.5. What did the translator Ms. Dai say about her work?A. Her work was not faithful to the original intent of the novel.B. She had tried to make her work as complex as the original.C. She had tried to make her work easy to understand.D. She was not surprised that her work had become a hit in the country.6. How did some critics explain the “Finnegans Wake” phenomenon in China?A. It’s because the stream of consciousness style was warmly received by Chinese readers.B. It’s because the demand for translation of foreign-language novels exploded.C. It’s because the translation of the highbrow novel tickled some Chinese readers’ vanity.D. It’s because Chinese readers were interested in the novelist who was mentally ill. Passage ThreeQuestions 7 to 10 are based on the passage you have just heard.7. Talking about the world’s most prolific killers, which of the following is NOT mentioned by thespeaker?A.SharksB.LionsC.Cats D.Rodents8. How many birds do domestic cats kill each year?A. Between 1.4 billion and 3.7 billionB.20billionC. 33 bird speciesD. 14% of all bird species9. Why have researchers called on authorities to deal with cats?A. Because the population of cats is increasing.B. Because cats are finely tuned killers under the guise of cute, cuddly friends.C. Because cats have caused species extinctions and affect the integrity of our ecosystems.D. Because cats don’t play integral roles in our ecosystems.10. Which of the following statements is true about free-ranging domestic cats?A. They have the same hunting strategies as lions and tigers do.B. They are allowed to leave home and go anywhere they want.C. Their owners usually watch over them.D. Their owners are pleased when they take dead animals home.Section B (10%)Directions: In this section you will hear a talk about American literature. While listening, focus on the major points and do not forget to take notes. After that, complete the following outline by filling in the blanks numbered from B1 to B20 with key words. The talk will be read TWICE.There will be a One Minute pause between the first and the second reading. Then you will have another One Minute to check your work after the second reading. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET (2).--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OUTLINEMoveme nt Title TimePeriodOrigins Core Beliefs and Important FiguresTranscen dentalis m B1s–1860sNewB2,the northeasternpart ofthe USThe writers showed a difference from British writers,British cultural tradition and B3.Individuals did not need B4B5.Individuals were encouraged to be B6on themselves.Ralph Waldo Emerson: published Nature in B7 .Romanti cism 1830s–1870sBritishand B8It is centered on strong B9and imagination ratherthan B10 thought.American works also focus on the B11and on humanB12.Edgar Allen Poe: best known for tales filled withB13. We might now call his work B14 stories.B15 1870s–1920s France The writers focused on events that were usual and typical rather than B16 or B17.Many writers wrote about real conditions of real peopleto educate the B18B19.Mark Twain: wrote about everyday life in the B20 statesof the US.Part Two: Structure and Written Expression (15%)Directions: For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the ANSWERSHEET.11. Prince Charles, the longest-waiting to the throne in British history, has spoken of his“impatience” to get things done.A.heir B.heirship C.heritage D.heiress12. Love was in the air in a Tokyo park as normally staid Japanese husbands gathered to screamout their feelings for their wives, promising and extra tight hugs.A.attitudeB.multitude C.gratitude D.latitude13. The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, asfamilies saw a in female breadwinners.A. raiseB. riseC. ariseD. increase14. The market for dust masks and air purifiers is in Beijing because the capital hasbeen shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze.A. boomingB. loomingC. doomingD. zooming15. Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are too for theiryoung children, a study found.A.scarceB.scaryC.scaredD.scarred16. It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been since thetripling of tuition fees to ￡9,000 a year.A. scratchedB. scrapedC. scrabbledD. scrapped17. Microsoft founder Bill Gates has about being a parent, stating that 13 is anappropriate age for a child’s first cell phone.A.openedup B.takenup C.putupD.heldup18. Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap andfoodstuff for their cooking.A. versatileB. multipleC. manifoldD. diverse19. “Gangnam Style”, the popular song form South Korean recording artist PSY hasjust become the most watched video on YouTube ever.A.sanelyB.insanely C.rationally D.insatiably20. The British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking once said in an interview thatheaven is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark.A.imposing B.lofty C.prominentD.eminent21. Some might consider it an ugly truth that attractive people are often more successful thanthose_______ blessed with looks.A. lessB. moreC. mostD. least22. they think it will come to an end through the hands of God, or a natural disaster or apolitical event, whatever the reason, nearly 15 percent of people worldwide think the end of the world is coming, according to a new poll.Neither D.Whether C.IfA.B.Either23. The European Parliament has banned the terms “Miss” and “Mrs.” they offendfemale members.A. as long asB. the momentC. so thatD. in case24. Packed like sardines into sweaty, claustrophobic subway carriages, passengers can barelybreathe, move about freely.A. as well asB. disregard forC. let aloneD. not mentioning25. Japan is one of only three countries that now hunt whales and the government saysit is an important cultural tradition.D.whosewhereA.that B.whichC.Part Three: Cloze Test 15%)Directions: Read the following passage carefully and decide the best choice for each numbered blank. Mark your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Ironically, the intellectual tools currently being used by the political right to such harmful effect originated on the academic left. In the 1960s and 1970s a philosophical movement called postmodernism developed among humanities professors (26) being deposed by science, which they regard as right-learning. Postmodernism (27) ideas from cultural anthropology and relativity theory to argue that truth is (28) and subject to the assumptions and prejudices of the observer. Science is just one of many ways of knowing, the argued, neither more nor less (29) than others, like those of Aborigines, Native Americans or women. (30) , they defined science as the way of knowing among Western white men and a tool of cultural (31) . This argument (32) with many feminists and civil-rights activists and became widely adopted, leaking to the “political correctness” justifiably (33) by Rush Limbaugh and the “mental masturbation” lampooned by Woody Allen.Acceptance of this relativistic worldview (34) democracy and leads not to tolerance but to authoritarianism. John Locke, one of Jefferson’s” trinity of three greatest men,” showed (35) almost three centuries ago. Locke watched the arguing factions of Protestantism, each claiming to be the one true religion, and asked: How do we know something to be true? What is the basis of knowledge? In 1689, he (36) what knowledge is and how it is grounded in observations of the physical world in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Any claim that fails this test is “but faithful, or opinion, but not knowledge.” It was this idea—that the world is knowable and that objective, empirical knowledge is the most (37) basis for public policy—that stood as Jefferson’s foundational argument for democracy.By falsely (38) knowledge with opinion, postmodernists and ant science conservatives alike collapse our thinking back to a pre-Enlightenment ear, leaving no common basis for public policy. Public discourse is (39) to endless warring opinions, none seen as more valid than another. Policy is determined by the loudest voices, reducing us to a world in which might (40) right—the classic definition of authoritarianism.26. A. satisfied with B. angry with C. displeased at D. proud ofsharedadopted D.doubted C.27.A.discounted B.C.cultural D.subjectiverelative objective B.28.A.valuable D.variousvalidC.B.29.A.variableFurthermoreD.Otherwise30. A. However B. Therefore C.representation D.B.oppressioninhibition C.31.A.assimilationappealed D.respondedagreed C.resonated B.A.32.verified D.hatedapproved C.33.liked B.A.underminesD.produces C.strengthensA.B.34.offsetsC.whichwhy D.whatwhen B.35.A.dictated D.claimeddefined C.A.36.found B.D.equitableusefulC.37.practical B.A.equalequating D.confusingC.equipping38.A.identifying B.conduced D.reducedC.introducedA.deduced B.39.C.creatscausesD.makesB.A.40.decidesPart Four: Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Each of the following four passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each question or unfinished statement, four answers are given. Readthe passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Mark yourchoices on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneA considerable part of Facebook’s appeal stems from its miraculous fusion of distance with intimacy, or the illusion of distance with the illusion of intimacy. Our online communities become engines of self-image, and self-image becomes the engine of community. The real danger with Facebook is not that it allows us to isolate ourselves, but that by mixing our appetite for isolation with our vanity, it threatens to alter the very nature of solitude. The new isolation is not of the kind that Americans once idealized, the lonesomeness of the proudly nonconformist, independent-minded, solitary stoic, or that of the astronaut who blasts into new worlds. Facebook’s isolation is a grind. What’s truly staggering about Facebook usage is not its volume—750 million photographs uploaded over a single weekend—but the constancy of the performance it demands. More than half its users—and one of every 13 people on Earth is a Facebook user—log on every day. Among 18-to-34-year-olds, nearly half check Facebook minutes after waking up, and 28 percent do so before getting out of bed. The relentlessness is what is so new, so potentially transformative. Facebook never takes a break. We never take a break. Human beings have always created elaborate acts of self-presentation. But not all the time, not every morning, before we even pour a cup of coffee.Nostalgia for the good old days of disconnection would not just be pointless, it would be hypocritical and ungrateful. But the very magic of the new machines, the efficiency and elegance with which they serve us, obscures what isn’t being served: everything that matters. What Facebook has revealed about human nature—and this is not a minor revelation—is that a connection is not the same thing as a bond, and that instant and total connection is no salvation, no ticket to a happier, better world or a more liberated version of humanity. Solitude used to be good for self-reflection and self-reinvention. But now we are left thinking about who we are all the time,without ever really thinking about who we are. Facebook denies us a pleasure whose profundity we had underestimated: the chance to forget about ourselves for a while, the chance to disconnect.41. Which of the following statements regarding the power of Facebook can be inferred from the passage?A. It creates the isolation people want.B. It delivers a more friendly world.C. It produces intimacy people lack in the real world.D. It enables us to be social while avoiding the mess of human interaction.42. Which of the following statements about the underside of Facebook is supported by theinformation contained in this passage?A. It imprisons people in the business of self-presentation.B. It causes social disintegration.C. It makes people vainer.D. It makes people lonelier.43. Which of the following best states “the new isolation” mentioned by the author?A. It is full of the spirit of adventure.B. It is the extension of individualismC. It has a touch of narcissism.D. It evolves from the appetite for independence.44. Which of the following belongs to the category of “something that matters” according to thepassage?A. Constant connectionB. Instant communicationC. Smooth sociabilityD. A human bond45. Which of the following conclusions about Facebook does the author want us to draw?A. It creates friendship.B. It denies us the pleasure of socializing.C. It opens a new world for us.D. It draws us into a paradox.Passage TwoMost scholars agree that Isaac Newton, while formulating the laws of force and gravity and inventing the calculus in the late 1600s, probably knew all the science there was to know at the time. In the ensuing 350 years an estimated 50 million research papers and innumerable books have been published in the natural sciences and mathematics. The modern high school student probably now possesses more scientific knowledge than Newton did, yet science to many people seems to be an impenetrable mountain of facts.One way scientists have tried to cope with this mountain is by becoming more and more specialized. Another strategy for coping with the mountain of information is to largely ignore it. That shouldn’t come as a surprise. Sure, you have to know a lot to be a scientist, but knowing a lot is not what makes a scientist. What makes a scientist is ignorance. This may sound ridiculous, but for scientists the facts are just a starting place. In science, every new discovery raises 10 new questions.By this calculus, ignorance will always grow faster than knowledge. Scientists and laypeoplealike would agree that for all we have come to know, there is far more we don’t know. More important, everyday there is far more we know we don’t know. One crucial outcome of scientific knowledge is to generate new and better ways of being ignorant: not the kind of ignorance that is associated with a lack of curiosity or education but rather a cultivated, high-quality ignorance. This gets to the essence of what scientists do: they make distinctions between qualities of ignorance. They do it in grant proposals and over beers at meetings. As James Clerk Maxwell, probably the greatest physicist between Newton and Einstein, said, “Thoroughly conscious ignorance ... is a prelude to every real advance in knowledge.”This perspective on science—that it is about the questions more than the answers—should come as something of a relief. It makes science less threatening and far more friendly and, in fact, fun. Science becomes a series of elegant puzzles and puzzles within puzzles—and who doesn’t like puzzles? Questions are also more accessible and often more interesting than answers; answers tend to be the end of the process, whereas questions have you in the thick of things.Lately this side of science has taken a backseat in the public mind to what I call the accumulation view of science—that it is a pile of facts way too big for us to ever hope to conquer. But if scientists would talk about the questions, and if the media reported not only on new discoveries but the questions they answered and the new puzzles they created, and if educators stopped trafficking in facts that are already available on Wikipedia—then we might find a public once again engaged in this great adventure that has been going on for the past 15 generations.46. Which of the following would most scholars agree to about Newton and science?A. Newton was the only person who knew all the science in the 1660s.B. Newton’s laws of force and gravity dominated science for 350 years.C. Since Newton’s time, science has developed into a mountain of facts.D. A high school student probably knows more science than Newton did.47. Which of the following is best supported in this passage?A. A scientist is a master of knowledge.B. Knowledge generates better ignorance.C. Ignorance is a sigh of lack of education.D. Good scientists are thoroughly ignorant.48. Why is it a relief that science is about the questions more than the answers?A. Because people like solving puzzles.B. Because questions make science accessible.C. Because there are more questions than answers.D. Because questions point the way to deep answers.49. The expression “take a backseat” (line 1, paragraph 5) probably means .A. take a back placeB. have a different roleC. be of greater priorityD. become less important50. What is the author’s greatest concern in the passage?A. The involvement of the public in scienceB. Scientists’ enjoyment of ignoranceC. The accumulation of scientific knowledgeD. Newton’s standing in the history of sciencePassage ThreeInformation technology that helps doctors and patients make decisions has been around for a long time. Crude online tools like WebMD get millions of visitors a day. But Watson is a different beast. According to IBM, it can digest information and make recommendations much more quickly, and more intelligently, than perhaps any machine before it—processing up to 60 million pages of text per second, even when that text is in the form of plain old prose, or what scientists call “natural language.”That’s no small thing, because something like 80 percent of all information is “unstructured.” In medicine, it consists of physician notes dictated into medical records, long-winded sentences published in academic journals, and raw numbers stored online by public-health departments. At least in theory, Watson can make sense of it all. It can sit in on patient examinations, silently listening. And over time, it can learn and get better at figuring out medical problems and ways of treating them the more it interacts with real cases. Watson even has the ability to convey doubt. When it makes diagnoses and recommends treatments, it usually issues a series of possibilities, each with its own level of confidence attached.Medicine has never before had a tool quite like this. And at an unofficial coming-out party in Las Vegas last year, during the annual meeting of the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, more than 1,000 professionals packed a large hotel conference hall, and an overflow room nearby, to hear a presentation by Marty Kohn, an emergency-room physician and a clinical leader of the IBM team training Watson for health care. Standing before a video screen that dwarfed his large frame, Kohn described in his husky voice how Watson could be a game changer—not just in highly specialized fields like oncology but also in primary care, given that all doctors can make mistakes that lead to costly, sometimes dangerous, treatment errors.Drawing on his own clinical experience and on academic studies, Kohn explained that about one-third of these errors appear to be products of misdiagnosis, one cause of which is “anchoring bias”: human beings’ tendency to rely too heavily on a single piece of information. This happens all the time in doctors’ offices, clinics, and emergency rooms. A physician hears about two or three symptoms, seizes on a diagnosis consistent with those, and subconsciously discounts evidence that points to something else. Or a physician hits upon the right diagnosis, but fails to realize that it’s incomplete, and ends up treating just one condition when the patient is, in fact, suffering from several. Tools like Watson are less prone to those failings. As such, Kohn believes, they may eventually become as ubiquitous in doctors’ offices as the stethoscope.“Watson fills in for some human limitations,” Kohn told me in an interview. “Studies show that humans are good at taking a relatively limited list of possibilities and using that list, but are far less adept at using huge volumes of information. That’s where Watson shines: taking a huge list of information and winnowing it down.”51. What is Watson?A. It is a person who aids doctors in processing medical record.B. It is an online tool that connects doctors over different places.C. It is an intelligent computer that helps doctors make decisions.D. It is beast that greets millions of visitors to a medical institution.52. Which of the following is beyond Watson’s ability?A. Talk with the patient.probability.B.CalculateC. Recommend treatment.D. Process sophisticated data.53. Marty Kohn .A. gave a presentation at an academic conferenceB. works for the IBM Training DivisionC. is a short person with a husky voiceD. expressed optimism for Watson54. “Anchoring bias” .A. is a device ubiquitous in doctor’s officesB. is less likely to be committed by WatsonC. happens in one third of medical treatmentsD. is a wrong diagnosis with incomplete information55. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?A. Watson as a shining starB. The risks of misdiagnosisC. The Robot Will See You NowD. IBM’s IT solution to medicinePassage FourThe contribution genes make intelligence increases as children grow older. This goes against the notion most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy we are born with and may have implications for education. “People assume the genetic influence goes down with age because the environmental differences between people pile up in life” says Robert Plomin. “What we found was quite amazing, and goes in the other direction.”Previous studies have shown variations in intelligence are at least partly due to genetic. To find out whether this genetic contribution varies with age, Plomin’s team pooled date from six separate studies carried out in the US, the UK, Australia and the Netherlands, involving a total of 11,000 pairs of twins. In these studies, the researchers tested twins on reasoning, logic and arithmetic to measure a quantity called genetic cognitive ability, or “G”. Each study also included both identical twins, with same genes, and fraternal twins, sharing about half their genes, making it possible to distinguish the contributions of genes and environment to their G scores.Plomin’s team calculated that in childhood, genes account for about 41 percent of the variation in intelligence. In adolescence, this rose to 55 percent; by young adulthood, it was 66 percent. No one knows why the influence from genes should increase with age, but Plomin suggests that as children get older, they become better at exploiting and manipulating their environment to suit their genetic needs, and says “Kids with high G will use their environment to foster their cognitive ability and choose friends who are like-minded.” Children with medium to low G may choose less challenging pastimes and activities, further emphasizing their genetic legacy.Is there any way to interfere with the pattern? Perhaps. “The evidence of strong heritability doesn’t mean at all that there’s nothing you can do about it,” says Susanne Jaeggi, “Form our own work, the ones that started off with lower IQ scores had higher gains after training.”Plomin suggests that genetic differences may be more emphasized if all children share an identical curriculum instead of it being tailored to children’s natural abilities. “My inclinationwould be to give everyone a good education, but put more effort into the lower end,” he says. Intelligence researcher Paul Thompson agrees: “It shows that education needs to steer kids towards things drawing out their natural talents.”56. What is the common notion that people hold about genes?A. Humans can do little to change the genetic differences between people.B. Genetic influence becomes stronger when people receive education.C. Genes contribute more to one’s intelligence than environmental factors.D. Environmental factors lesson the influence of genes on one’s intelligence.57. The study by Plomin’s team aims to find out .A. whether variations in intelligence are caused by genetic differencesB. how to overpower genetic factors with new educational approachesC. whether genetic contribution to one’s intelligence varies with ageD. the relationship between environment and genes58. From the experiment with twins, Plomin’s team draws a conclusion that .A. genetic contribution increases when one grows olderB. genetic influence decreases when age increasesC. environment has more impact on fraternal twins than identical twinsD. it remains a mystery how genes and environment co-influence people59. The word “patter” in paragraph four is closest in meaning to .cognitiveabilityA.B. strong heritabilityC. genetic legacyD. challenging pastimes60. Which of the following might Plomin’s team least agree to?A. An identical curriculum to school childrenB. A differentiated course design to children with varied IQC. More effort directed at children with medium or low GD. Education tailored to children’s natural abilitiesPart Five: Proofreading (15%)Directions: In the following passage, there are altogether 15 mistakes, ONE in each numbered and underlined part. You may have to change a word, add a word, or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word beside it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, just cross it out. Put your answers on ANSWER SHEET (2).Examples:eg. (61) The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction put on the ANSWER SHEET (2): (61) begun beganeg. (62) Scarcely the settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when curtain went up. Correction put on the ANSWER SHEET (2): (62) (Scarcely) had (they)eg. (63) Never will I not do it again.Correction put on the ANSWER SHEET (2): (63) not(61)The economic growth that many nations in Asia and increasingly Africa have experienced over the past couple of decades has transformed hundreds of millions of lives — almost entire for。
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2、本专业有 22 个研究方向：01.组织社会学 02.社会发展与现代化 03.人口社会学 04.社会统计学 05.
法律社会学 06.政治社会学 07.女性研究 08.社会心理学 09.劳动社会学 10.宗教社会学 11.社会学理论
12.教育社会学 13.社会调查与研究方法 14.社会政策 15.福利社会学 16.城市社会学 17.发展社会学 18.
（j）若申请人有已发表或已被接受的论文，提供复印件（已接受但未正式发表的论文须提供接受函复 印件）； 3． 申请者应仔细核对本人是否符合申请条件，一经发现申请者不符合申请条件，将不予录取，已录 取者取消录取资格。相关后果由申请者本人承担。 （二）资格初审 1.由北京大学社会学系博士招生工作领导小组指导北京大学社会学系博士招生工作实施小组，对申请 人的资格进行初审。
4．身体健康状况符合北京大学研究生入学体检标准，心理健康状况符合博士生培养要求。 二、工作流程 （一）个人申请 1． “申请-考核制”采取“接收申请、组织考核”的工作方式。 2． 申请程序： （1）申请人须采取网上申报的形式，具体申报时间和流程遵照北京大学的要求； （2）网上报名结束后，申请人须在规定时间内，向社会学系教务办公室寄（送）达以下申请资料（按 照以下顺序统一装入自备信封，最好用顺丰快递或者邮政速递 EMS 寄送），地址：北京大学社会学系理
你能获得老师的手机号码，说明你对老师也有一定的了解了。短信不同于邮件和打电话，短信的 字数不宜太多，太多了老师看起来不方便。短信的内容要简明扼要，写短信之前要做大量的准备工作， 首要的就是弄明白导师的情况，比如求学的经历、任职的经历、出版的专著、发表的论文、代表性的 学术成果等。在邮件中要表达这么基层意思，第一，做一个自我介绍，突出自己的学术潜质；第二， 说一下老师的研究成果，表现出兴趣和仰慕；第三，表达想进一步跟随老师做学问的想法和渴望；第 四，希望老师的回应。具体的操作技术性很强，稍有差池就可能功亏一篑。我给你一个模板：“尊敬的 A 老师您好！我是 XX,之前拜读过您的 XX，我对您研究的 XX 非常感兴趣，自己也有一些心得和困惑， 想当面和您请教，不知老师最近能够在百忙之中赐见？”你可以写一份初稿，我给你找我们经验丰富
三、“北京大学博士研究生英语水平考试”说明
I. 考试性质 根据教育部 2013 年 1 号文件《教育部关于 2013 年深化教育领域综合改革的意见》，为适应博士研究生 “申请-考核制”的招生方式，特设立“北京大学博士研究生英语水平考试（Graduate Admission Test of English, PKU，简称 PKU-GATE)”。 II. 考查目标 考生应掌握下列英语语言知识和技能： 一、 词汇与语法运用 考生应能掌握 8000-10000 左右的词汇。考生应能掌握基本的英语语法知识并熟练运用，鼓励考生用听、 说、读、写、译的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在英语交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法 知识。 二、听力与阅读理解 听力部分测试考生听力理解的技能及对英语口语信息的短期记忆能力。阅读部分要求考生应能读懂选 自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料，理解主旨要义和文中的相关信息，根据上下文推测生词的 词义，领会作者的意图、观点或态度。 三、书面表达能力 考生应能使用英语书写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、 叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。 Ⅲ. 考试形式和考试内容 一、考试形式 考试形式为闭卷笔试，考试时间为 180 分钟，满分为 100 分。 试卷包括试题册、标准化答题卡和主观题答题纸。考生应将客观题的答案按要求涂写在答题卡相应题 号的选项上，将主观题的答案书写在答题纸指定位置的区域内。考生应自备 2B 铅笔和橡皮等文具用于 标准答题卡的填涂。 二、考试内容 考试分三部分，包括听力、阅读理解和写作。
5、2016 年北京大学继续实行“申请—考核制”，没有提供雅思、托福等英语成绩等级证明的同学，需
要参加“北京大学博士研究生英语水平考试”。
6、笔试成绩占 50%，面试成绩占 50%，且笔试和面试成绩均需及格。按照成绩排名先后统一录取。
育明教育考博分校针对北京大学社会学专业考博开设的辅导课程有：考博英语课程班·专业课课
四、联系导师
联系导师是一个技术活，顺利的话会给你的备考提供很大的帮助，甚至是决定性的帮助，不顺利 的话，可能就未考先败。联系导师的具体方式有很多种，比如第三方介绍、直接蹲守、公开信息查找 等，各种方式都有自己的优劣，关键是看你的资源和沟通技巧。初次联系一般采用邮件的形式，怎么 写非常重要，一定要注意措辞、内容和语气。 第一、联系导师的邮件怎么写呢？
社会运动和集体行动 19.中国社会思想史 20.城乡社会学 21.社会工作与社会管理 22.社会福利与社会
发展
3、社会学理论：基础理论部分为 50 分，专业方向部分为 50 分；社会学方法：社会统计学部分 30 分，
社会学方法论部分 40 分。
4、同等学力考生须加试报考专业两门硕士专业学位课程和哲学。
2．外语能力审查：根据“北京大学 2016 年博士研究生招生简章”和“北京大学社会学系关于 2016 年 博士招生的说明”，对申请人的外语水平进行初步审查，申请人必须满足以下所列 1-9 项中的至少一项： （1）北京大学博士研究生外语考试（合格标准另定），考试时间请参照北京大学研究生院的博士招生 信息（一般在 12 月底）； （2）TOEFL 成绩：90 分及以上，或新标准 220 分及以上； （3）GRE 成绩：1200 分及以上，或新标准 270 分及以上； （4）GMAT 成绩：600 分及以上； （5）英语六级成绩：530 分及以上； （6）英语专业四级：考试合格；
初次联系导师一般都是采用邮件的形式。写邮件之前要做大量的准备工作，首要的就是弄明白导 师的情况，比如求学的经历、任职的经历、出版的专著、发表的论文、代表性的学术成果等。在邮件 中要表达这么基层意思，第一，做一个自我介绍，突出自己的学术潜质；第二，说一下老师的研究成 果，表现出兴趣和仰慕；第三，表达想进一步跟随老师做学问的想法和渴望；第四，希望老师的回应 或者预约下次见面的时间和地点。具体的操作技术性很强，稍有差池就可能功亏一篑。你可以写一份 初稿，我给你找我们经验丰富的专业课老师看看，给你提提修改意见。 第二、联系导师的短信怎么写？
1、专业知识考查
2、综合能力面试
社会学专业知识：社会 考察学生的科研素养、专
学理论 100 分、社会学 业基础、创新能力、发展
方法 70 分
潜力及协作精神等
2015 年 9 人 5 人
专业英语 30 分
育明考博辅导中心张老师解析：
1、北京大学社会学系社会学专业考博的报录比平均在 9:1 左右（竞争较激烈）
外 语>=50 专业课>=60
育明 北京校区
清华考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博张老师
育明考博辅导中心张老师解析： 1、北大社会学系共有 3 个博士招生专业社会学、人口学和人类学，各专业之间报录比差别还是比较大 的。 2、2016 年北京大学社会学系内地计划招生人数为 18 人。 3、北大社会学系考博历年缺考率平均在 30%左右。 （北京大学社会学系考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：柒柒贰陆，柒捌，伍叁柒）
程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在 80%以上。根植育明
学校从 2006 年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一
位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。 Nhomakorabea（北京大学社会学系考博资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：柒柒贰陆，柒捌，伍叁柒）
育明 北京校区
清华考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博张老师
北京大学社会学系社会学专业考博考试重点整理
一、北京大学社会学系社会学专业考博考试内容分析（育明考博辅导中心)
专业
招生人数
初审
复试内容
公开 硕博 年份
招考 连读
030301
2013 年 11 人 2 人
社会学 2014 年 16 人 2 人
申请—考核制
育明 北京校区
清华考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博张老师
第一部分 听力 考查考生英语的听力理解能力。 第二部分 阅读理解 该部分考查考生阅读并理解书面英语的能力。 第三部分 写作 该部分由 A、B、C 三节组成，主要考查考生的书面表达能力。 A 节：议论文写作。考生根据一段阅读材料和一段音视频材料的提示信息，写出一篇 250-300 词的短 文（标点符号不计算在内）。 B 节：有两种可能的题型：1）考生根据所给的图表写出 150-180 词（标点符号不计算在内）的描述性、 解释性短文。2）考生根据所给情境写出 150-180 词的应用文（如电邮、留言、信函、发言提纲等）。 C 节：学术文章概要写作。考生阅读一篇英文文献，抓取要点，用汉语写出 280-300 字的概要。
育明 北京校区
清华考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博张老师
的专业课老师看看，给你提提修改意见。 第三、第一次给导师打电话说什么呢？
第一次给导师打电话，一定要保持一个自信、平和的心态，不要慌乱。你能获得老师的手机号码， 说明你通过各种途径对老师也有一定的了解了。打电话之前要做大量的准备工作，首要的就是弄明白 导师的情况，比如求学的经历、任职的经历、出版的专著、发表的论文、代表性的学术成果等。在邮 件中要表达这么基层意思，第一，做一个自我介绍，突出自己的学术潜质；第二，说一下老师的研究 成果，表现出兴趣和仰慕；第三，表达想进一步跟随老师做学问的想法和渴望；第四，希望老师的回 应。具体的操作技术性很强，稍有差池就可能功亏一篑。你可以写一份初稿，我给你找我们经验丰富 的专业课老师看看，给你提提修改意见。打电话还得注意你的语气和语调，通过你的语言传递出你的 想法，给老师留下良好的印象。
育明 北京校区
清华考博资料、辅导课程 咨询育明考博张老师