2017年高考英语一轮复习语法专题定语从句复习讲新人教版必修2

定语从句

语法知识精讲

定语从句

一、考点梳理。

1.考查which/who(m)引导的非限制性定语从句

which引导非限制性定语从句，用以指代整个主句的内容，或主句中某个词或短语的内容。【例】She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

A. them

B. who

C. whom

D. these

【答案】C。

【例】By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself,_____can be very eye-opening and rewarding.

A. who

B.which

C.what

D.that

【答案】B

【解析】which在此引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，表示前面所提到的情况。

【例】 Chan's restaurant on Baker Street,___________used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.

A. that

B.which

C.who

D. where

【答案】B

【解析】which used to be poorly run为非限制性定语从句，其中的which指代前面的Chan's restaurant。

2.考查as引导的非限制性定语从句

as也可指代整个主句的内容，但不同于which的是，它引导的定语从句既可以位于主句的前面，也可以位于主句的后面。它的意思是“正如”，as在这些从句中作主语或宾语。【例】____I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.

A. When

B.After

C.As

D. Since

【答案】C

【解析】as引导非限制性定语从句，其意为“正如”。句意：正如我在电话中解释的那样，你的要求将在下次会议上予以考虑。

【例】____is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which

B.When

C.What

D. As

【答案】D

【解析】引导非限制性定语从句且位于主句之前，用as引导。句意：总是这样，我们已经制定出了生产计划。

3.考查由“介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句

“介词十关系代词”结构中的关系代词主要是which或whom，不能是that;其中的介词则要根据句子中的相关搭配来确定。

【例】 He was educated at the local high school, _________he went on to Beijing University.

A. after which

B.after that

C.in which

D.in that

【答案】A

4.考查由...of which引导的定语从句

这类结构主要表示所属关系、同位关系或整体与部分的关系。

(1) It is reported that two schools,_____are being built in my hometown, will open next year.

A. they both

B.which both

C.both of them

D. both of which

【答案】D

【解析】both of which are being built in my hometown为非限制性定语从句，其中的which 指代前面的two schools。

(2) We shouldn't spent our money testing so many people, most of_________are healthy.

A. that

B.which

C.what

D. whom

【答案】D

【解析】由于先行词为so many people，故关系代词只能用whom，而不能用其他三个选项。其中的of表示整体与部分的关系，most of whom意为“他们当中的大多数”。

5.考查由where，when，why引导的定语从句

关系副词where，when，why引导定语从句时，它们分别在从句中充当地点状语、时间状语和原因状语。

【例】Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity____sight matters more than hearing．

A. when

B.whose

C.which

D. where

【答案】D

【解析】where引导定语从句，修饰先行词an activity。句意为：那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。此处where相对于in which。

【例】The book was written in 1946, _________the education system has witnessed great changes.

A. when

B.during which

C.since then

D. since when

【答案】D

6.考查whose引导的定语从句

此时要注意三点：(1) whose引导的定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成“whose+名词”；

(2) whose引导的定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物；(3) whose引导的定语从句指物时，可用of which代替whose，但词序不同，即whose+名词=the+名词+of which。【例】Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_____effects the people are still suffering.

A. that

B.whose

C.those

D. what

【答案】B

【解析】whose引导的定语从句，表示所属关系。此处whose effects指the flood’s effects.句意：上个月亚洲的东南部受到洪水的袭击，现在人们仍然遭受其苦。

【例】 George Orwell, _________was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.

A. the real name

B.what his real name

C. his real name

D. whose real name

【答案】D