中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析

中考英语被动语态考点归纳与例析

【重点讲解】

语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：He wrote the letter. （主动语态）

The letter was written by him. （被动语态）

被动语态的时态变化只变be的形式，be后面的过去分词不变，也就是说被动结构中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。

考点归纳：

1、四种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时）和带情态动词的被动语态用法。

带情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+ be +过去分词”构成。例如：

Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.

2、含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态的用法。

英语中有一些动词可以接双宾语，如 tell, show, buy, ask, pass, write, do, make, sell, send, sing, give, answer, teach, offer, pay, promise, allow等，变为被动语态时，如果指物的宾语作主语，指人的宾语前要用介词for 或to。例如：

My uncle bought me a new bicycle. →

A new bicycle was bought for me by my uncle.

I was bought a new bicycle by my uncle.

3、含复合宾语的主动语态变被动语态的用法。

若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为使役动词和感官动词，如make, let, feel, hear, help, make, observe, see, notice, watch, listen to, look at等。例如：The teacher made me go out of the classroom. →

I was made to go out of the classroom by the teacher.

We saw him play football on the playground. →

He was seen to play football on the playground.

4、不能用于被动语态的情况。

连系动词没有被动语态，但有些连系动词表示的是被动的意思，例如：I like this silk dress and it feels so soft and comfortable. （不可以用is felt）。类似的连系动词还有look, smell, taste, sound, appear 等。

还有一些常见的不及物动词，如occur, happen, fall, go, take place等，也是没有被动语态的，例如：Great changes have happened in our country in the past twenty years. （不可以用have been happened）。

另外，一些习惯说法，如“自行车好骑”、“钢笔好写”、“布料好洗”、“书好卖”、“小刀好切”等等，往往不用被动语态，因为这时ride, write, wash, sell, cut等用作不及物动词。例如：

I like my new bike. It rides very well. （不可以用is ridden）

【习题精炼】

1. Stamps _______ by people for sending letters.

A. use

B. using

C. used

D. are used

2. Many people believe that one day the earth _______ if we don’t know how to protect it.

A. destroys

B. will destroy

C. will be destroyed

D. is destroyed

3. A new bicycle was bought _______ me as a birthday present by my mother.

A. for

B. with

C. to

D. /

4. A neighbor helped to keep our dog. It _______ while we were on holiday.

A. was taken care

B. took care of

C. is taken care of

D. was taken care of

5. Bikes mustn’t _______ everywhere.

A. be put

B. be putted

C. put

D. putting

6. --- Please remember to say “I’m here” when your name _______, will you

--- Yes, sir.

A. has called

B. is calling

C. will call

D. is called