小型矿用可移动式救生舱—整体结构设计

摘要

救生舱，是在矿井出现瓦斯爆炸、顶板塌方、透水和火灾等灾害时专门用于避难的场所，矿工在救生舱内避难直到可以安全撤离或等到救援人员。目前，世界各国都在大力建设矿井避难硐室和研制矿用救生舱，以便在矿井发生事故后为无法及时撤离的矿工提供一个安全的密闭空间。

矿用可移动式救生舱采用先进的制造技术，用于灾变发生后的紧急避险，对外能够抵抗爆炸冲击、抵御高温烟气、隔绝有毒有害气体，对内提供氧气、食物、水，去除有毒有害气体，创造生存基本条件，并为应急救援创造条件、赢取时间。

本文首先从矿用救生舱的用途、分类及国内外矿用救生舱的特点着手，在分析了矿用可移动式救生舱在未来煤矿安全领域的市场的同时，总结了现阶段国内外常见的矿用可移动式救生舱的理论方法及设计产品，提出了小型矿用可移动式救生舱的设计方案。

本方案拟定了矿用救生舱设计计算的基本参数，结合不同厂家的设计方案进行性能对比，综合方案的安全性、可靠性、操作性等考虑确定设计方案。然后选择性能良好、经济实用的相关配套设施，本文着重对救生舱具体系统部分的设计计算做出了详细的论述。

关键词：矿用救生舱可移动式救生舱密闭空间系统性能对比

Abstract

The rescue capsule, in the mine gas explosion in specialized places for refuge when the roof collapse, floods and fires and other disasters, miners in the life-saving cabin refuge until you can safely evacuate or wait for rescue personnel. At present,countries in the world in efforts to build the mine refuge chamber and the development of mining life-saving cabin, in order to provide for the timely evacuation of the miners after an accident in the mine a safe confined space.

Mining the use of advanced manufacturing technology to the mobile life-saving compartment for the emergency after the disaster occurred, able to resist extern blast shock to withstand the high temperature flue gas, isolated from the toxic and harmful gases, internal supply oxygen, food, water, removal of poisonous gases,and to create living conditions and to create conditions for the emergency rescue to win time.

Firstly, from the mine with the use and classification of life-saving tank, domestic and international mine the characteristics of life-saving tank start the analysis of mining the movable refuge chamber market in the field of coal mine safety, while also summarizes the stage of domestic and foreign popular mine using the movable refuge chamber theoretical methods and design products.

The program to determine the basic parameters involved in mine rescue capsule design calculations, then a combination of different manufacturers to the superiority of contrast, the comprehensive cost considerations, choose a good performance, economical and practical supporting related products.

And focus on key parts of the system of life-saving tank design calculations made in detail.

Key words: mine refuge chamber mobile refuge chamber Confined Spaces System superiority contrast

目录

前言 (1)

1 设计任务及要求 (3)

1.1 设计任务 (3)

1.2 设计要求 (3)

2 矿用救生舱的概述 (6)

2.1 矿用救生舱的用途及特点 (6)

2.2 矿用救生舱的分类 (7)

2.3 国外矿用救生舱的发展 (8)

2.3.1 国外救生舱的发展概况 (8)

2.3.2 国外救生舱的基本特点 (9)

2.3.3 国外救生舱的技术发展趋势 (10)

2.4 国内救生舱的发展 (13)

2.4.1 国内救生舱的发展概况 (13)

2.4.2 国内救生舱的基本特点 (13)

2.4.3 国内救生舱的技术发展趋势 (14)

2.5 国内矿用救生舱的市场分析 (17)

3 基本参数与方案的拟定 (19)

3.1 基本技术参数的拟定 (19)

3.2 主要系统相关方案的拟定 (19)

3.2.1 供氧系统 (19)

3.2.2 空调系统 (20)

3.2.3 检测系统 (21)

3.2.4 能量与动力系统 (22)

3.3 其他相关参数的拟定 (23)

4 主要部分的设计及计算 (26)

4.1 整体结构设计 (26)

4.2 救生舱容量及长度计算 (26)

4.2.1 标准要求 (26)

4.2.2 设计计算 (27)

4.2.3 计算结果 (27)

4.3 氧气供应量计算 (28)

4.3.1 标准要求 (28)

4.3.2 设计计算 (28)

4.3.3 计算结果 (28)

4.4 空气净化装置计算 (29)

4.4.1 标准要求 (29)