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2008级英语本科idioms and proverbs quiz

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2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题[1]

2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题[1]

2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题Part IListening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Section A(5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. The man is not suitable for the position.B. The job has been given to someone else.C. She hadn't received the man's application.2. A. He is going to see his section chief.B. He is going to have a job interview.C. He is going to see his girlfriend.3. A. Ask to see the man's ID card.B. Get the briefcase for the man.C. Show the man her documents.4. A. The dorm room is too crowded.B. There is no kitchen in the building.C. No one looks after the dorm building.5. A. She was always in good shape.B. She stopped exercising one year ago.C. She lost a lot of weight in one year.Section B (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the five questions, each withthree choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation One6. What is soon to open in China?A. The French Movie Festival.B. The French Cultural Year.C. The French Food Festival.7. How many exhibitions will be held for this activity?A. 200.B. 20.C. 100.8. What will be held at the foot of the Great Wall?A. The City Concert.B. The Opening Ceremony.C. The Great Lunch.9. Which of the following cities is not included in this activity?A. Chongqing.B. Wuhan.C. Shenzhen.10. What will certainly make great contributions to this activity?A. Internet.B. TV shows.C. Newspapers.Conversation Two11. What sound more like a native speaker in a casual conversation?A. Examples.B. Verbs.C. Idioms.12. Which of the following sounds more informal and more natural?A. Get together.B. Meet.C. See.13. Which of the following means that you cannot interrupt me?A. I'm tied up.B. I have a lot on my plate.C. I'm busy.14. In American culture, what is considered important in a conversation?A. Using proper languageB. Making eye contact.C. Looking at your own feet.15. In business, how might Americans feel about you if you are looking away?A. You're feeling ashamed.B. You're telling the truth.C. You're telling a lie.Section C (5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.16. How long will it take for new forests to grow back?A. 65 years.B. 20 years.C. 40 years.17. What did Jimmy Carter plan to focus his efforts on after leaving the White House in 1981?A. A presidential library.B. Camp David.C. Winning a second term.18. What was regarded as the lifeblood of the country of the Maldives?A. Oil.B. Agriculture.C. Tourism.19. What is responsible for the death of many people in developing countries?A. The development of resistance to diseases.B. The difficulty to cure new emerging diseases.C. The inability of the poor to afford medicine.20. What released an estimated 8.7 million tons of the global warming gas?A. Cars.B. Wildfires.C. Wars.Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.A researcher says lead in the environment could be a major cause of violence by young people. Doctor Herbert Needleman is a (21) ________ at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania and he (22) ________ his findings at the yearly meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Doctor Needleman says the presence of lead in the (23) ________ changes the neurons that control actions and that can cause a person to act in antisocial and (24) ________ ways.In the 1970s, Doctor Needleman found lower scores on (25) ________ even in children who did not have such signs of lead poisoning. After that, lead was (26)________ gasoline and paint in the United States. Yet many homes still have old lead paint. Lead was also used in older (27) ________. In fact, officials just announced stronger testing and reporting requirements as from next year for lead in American drinking water.The newest research shows that even very small amounts of lead in bones can affect brain development. A simple (28)________ can measure lead except that an X-ray process is needed to measure levels in bone. In 2004, such tests were done on 190 young people who were (29) ________ and the findings showed that their average levels were higher than normal. And, in 1998, three hundred children were studied and the test scores showed higher levels of (30) ________ problems in those with increased levels of lead. Yet these levels were still considered safe by the government.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 marks)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. So nervous ________ that she didn't know how to start her speech.A. since she becameB. would she becomeC. that she becameD. did she become32. He ________ another career but, at the time, he just wanted to earn money to study abroad.A. might have chosenB. might chooseC. had to chooseD. must have chosen33. The second report was ________ by August 2005, but one year later it was still nowhere in sight.A. submittedB. to have submittedC. to submitD. to have been submitted34. In this experiment, the students studied are stopped several times during the listening test and asked to report what they ________ during the pause before answering the questions.A. had just been thinking aboutB. have just been thinking aboutC. are just thinking aboutD. had just thought about35. I was always taught that it was ________ to interrupt.A. rudeB. coarseC. roughD. crude36. Small boys are ________ questioners. They ask questions all the time.A. originalB. peculiarC. imaginativeD. persistent37. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ________.A. out of workB. out of reachC. out of stockD. out of practice38. The bomb will ________ the moment it is touched.A. go onB. go offC. go outD. go over39. The car won't ________; I've tried it several times, but it won't work.A. beginB. launchC. startD. drive40. Children and old people do not like having their daily ________ upset.A. habitB. routineC. practiceD. custom41. In your first few days at school you'll be given a test to help the teachers to ________ you to a class at your level.A. locateB. assignC. deliverD. place42. China only started its nuclear power industry in recent years, and should ________ no time in catching up.A.loseB.delayC. spareD. relieve43. — You did an excellent job yesterday, Jim! I really enjoyed your presentation.— ________— Oh yeah, it was fabulous. It seems the English program is a great way to practice English.— Yeah. It is fun and motivating.A. Did you really?B. Oh, thank you. You are so kind.C. Really? What about yours?D. Not at all. My pleasure.44. — What kind of music do you like?— Well, I like different kinds.— ________— Er, I especially like punk rock.A. I beg your pardon?B. Are you serious?C. Any in particular?D. Why do you think so?45. — How did you like the fashion show last night?— ________—I didn't see anything wrong with the clothes; they looked pretty nice to me.— Do you really think people can wear that stuff and walk around in streets?A. Impressive. It's a good way to show off women's sense of style and wealth.B. It was cool. The clothes are more beautiful than the people wearing them.C. Nothing serious. It's only a show to attract the eyes of fashion fans.D. It was dumb. I think it's stupid for women to wear clothes like that.Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)Section A (4 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 4 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 46-49 are based on the following passage.The ability to “see” oneself in the future is a remarkable human trait - some would say unique - that is not well understood. That's despite the fact that we probably spend as much time thinking about the future as we do thinking about the present.Now new research from Washington University in St. Louis suggests that it's precisely because we can remember the past that we can visualize the future. “Our findings provide convincing support for the idea that memory and future thought are highly interrelated and help explain why future thought may be impossible without memories,” says doctoral candidate Karl Szpunar. The findings are consistent with other research showing that persons with little memory of the past, such as young children or individuals suffering from loss of memory, are less able to see themselves in the future.The researchers base their conclusions on brain scans of 21 college students who were cued to think about something in their past, and anticipate the same event in the future, like a birthday or getting lost. The experiment was carried out as each student lay on their stomach in a magnetic resonance imaging machine, a dreadful but very useful piece of equipment that can show which areas of the brain are stimulated during specific thought processes.The students were also asked to picture former President Bill Clinton in a past and future setting. Clinton was chosen because he was easily recognized and familiar to all the students.The researchers found a “surprisingly complete overlap” among regions of the brain used for remembering the student's past and those used for picturing the future. And every region involved in remembering was also used in anticipating the future.In short, the researchers isolated the area of the brain that “lit up” when the students thought about an event in their own past. And more importantly, that same area lit up again when they thought about a similar event in their future. In fact, the researchers report that the brain activity was so similar in both cases that it was “indistinguishable.”The findings were reinforced when students imagined Bill Clinton. Since none of them knew him personally, their memories were not autobiographical. And the brain scans showed “significantly less” correlation between memories of having seen pictures of Clinton in the White House and projecting him into the future.So this “time machine,” as the researchers describe it, allows us to use the past to see ourselves in the future, and both our memories and our anticipation are interdependent.46. A remarkable human trait that is not well understood is the ability ________.A. to think about the pastB. to see the futureC. to remember the pastD. to control the present47. The findings support that ________.A. future goals will greatly influence a person's present performanceB. a person's present performance is determined by his / her past knowledgeC. future thought depends to a great degree on the memory of the pastD. present thought is impossible without the ability to imagine the future48. The conclusion of the experiment on students was that ________.A. the students could picture themselves better than Bill Clinton in a past and future settingB. the students could imagine themselves as well as Bill Clinton in a past and future settingC. the students could anticipate Bill Clinton better than themselves in a past and future settingD. the students could only picture themselves in a past and future setting but not Bill Clinton49. This “time machine” in the last paragraph most probably refers to ________.A. clockB. brain scanningC. magnetic resonance imagingD. memorySection B (14 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet. For questions 50-55, mark Y (for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 56-59, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Visiting the White HouseWhite House Tours Public tours of the White House are available for groups of 10 or more people. Requests must be submitted through one's Member of Congress and are accepted up to six months in advance. These self-guided tours are available from 7:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Tuesday through Saturday , and are scheduled on a first come, first served basis approximately one month in advance of the requested date. We encourage you to submit your request as early as possible since a limited number of tours are available. All White House tours are free of charge. For the most current tour information, please call the 24-hour line at 202-456-7041. Please note that White House tours may be subject to last minute cancellation.White House Visitor CenterAll tours are significantly enhanced if visitors stop by the White House Visitor Center located at the southeast corner of 15th and E Streets, before or after their tour. The Center is open seven days a week from 7:30 a.m. until 4:00 p.m. and features many aspects of the White House, including its architecture, furnishings, first families, social events, and relations with the press and world leaders, as well as a thirty-minute video. Allow between 20 minutes to one hour to explore the exhibits. The White House Historical Association also sponsors a sales area. Please note that restrooms are available, but food service is not.Mobility-Impaired / Using a WheelchairGuests requiring the loan of a wheelchair should notify the officer at the Visitors Entrance Building upon arrival.Wheelchairs loans are offered on a first-come, first-served basis. Reservations are not possible.Visitors in wheelchairs, or with other mobility disabilities, on the Congressional guided or self-guided tours, between 8:00 a.m. and 12 noon, use the same Visitor entrance and, with up to four members of their party, are admitted without waiting in line and without tickets.Visitors in wheelchairs are escorted by ramp from the entrance level to the ground floor, and by elevator from the ground to the state floor. Guests generally wait in line with their family or group.Hearing-ImpairedTours for hearing-impaired groups may be arranged in advance by writing to the Visitors Office, White House, Washington, DC 20502. Tours are usually scheduled at 9:30 a.m., between the Congressional and public tour times. Participants enter at the East Appointment gate. A U.S. Secret Service / Uniformed Division Tour Officer conducts the tour in sign language. Signed tours are available to groups of 8 to 20. Groups are also encouraged to bring their own interpreters.Signing interpretation is also available for individual visitors with advance notice. A Congressional office first issues guided tour tickets to a guest who is hearing-impaired and then contacts the Visitors Office at least 2 weeks in advance to request interpreter service.The Visitors Office TDD (telephone device for the deaf) is 202-456-2121. Messages may be left outside normal business hours.Visually-ImpairedTours for visually-impaired groups may be arranged in advance by writing to the Visitors Office, White House, Washington, DC 20502. The tours are usually scheduled at 9:30 a.m., between the Congressional and public tour times. Participants enter at the East Appointment gate. A U.S. Secret Service / Uniformed Division Tour Officer permits visitors to touch specific objects in the House. Touch tours are currently available only to groups of 8 to 20, not to individual visitors. Guide animals are permitted in the White House.General Tour InformationAll White House tours are free. Changes in tour schedules are occasionally made because of official events. Notice may not be given until that morning. The Visitors Office 24-hour Information Line recording at 202-456-7041 provides the most up-to-date information. The TDD is 202-456-2121. Visitors should confirm tour schedules by calling the information line the night before and the morning that they plan to visit. It is occasionally necessary to close individual rooms on the tour; however, notice about closed rooms is not possible. Prohibited ItemsProhibited items include, but are not limited to, the following: handbags, book bags, backpacks, purses, food and beverages of any kind, strollers, cameras, video recorders or any type of recording device, tobacco products, personal grooming items (make-up, hair brush or comb, lip or hand lotions, etc.), any pointed objects (pens, knitting needles, etc.), aerosol containers, guns, ammunition, fireworks, electric stun guns, mace, martial arts weapons / devices, or knives of any size. The U.S. Secret Service reserves the right to prohibit any other personal items. Umbrellas, wallets, cell phones and car keys are permitted.Please note that no storage facilities are available on or around the complex. Individuals who arrive with prohibited items will not be permitted to enter the White House.ParkingThe closest Metrorail stations to the White House are Federal Triangle (blue and orange lines), Metro Center (blue, orange, and red lines) and McPherson Square (blue and orange lines). On-street parking is not available near the White House, and use of public transportation is strongly encouraged.Restrooms / Public TelephonesThe nearest restrooms and public telephones to the White House are in the Ellipse Visitor Pavilion (the park area south of the White House) and in the White House Visitor Center. Restrooms or public telephones are not available at the White House.50. Both Congressional guided and self-guided tours need to be scheduled in advance.51. All White House tours are free of charge except on federal holidays.52. The White House Visitor Center provides free drinks but not food service.53. Wheelchair reservation service is provided by the officer at the Visitors Entrance Building.54. Hearing-impaired visitors can request signing interpretation service from the Visitors Office.55. Touch tours are currently only offered to visually-impaired groups of 8 to 20.56. Sometimes official events make it necessary to close ________________ without notice.57. The personal items permitted to be carried into the White House are________________.58. The transportation visitors are encouraged to use is ________________.59. Inside the White House, visitors cannot find or use restrooms or________________.Section C (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 60-64 are based on the following passage.If you were on a distant planet, and if you had instruments that could tell you the composition of Earth's atmosphere, how would you know there was life on this planet?Water in the atmosphere would suggest there could be water on the surface, and as we all know water is considered crucial to life. But water would only suggest that life is possible. It wouldn't prove it's there.Carbon? That basic component of “life as we know it?” Not necessarily. A diamond is pure carbon, and it may be pretty, but it isn't alive.What really sets Earth apart is nitrogen, which makes up 80 percent of the planet's atmosphere. And it's there only because there is abundant life on Earth, say scientists at the University of Southern California.The report grew out of a class discussion two years ago in a course taught by Capone and Kenneth Nealson, professor of earth sciences. Students were asked to come up with different ideas about searching for life on other planets. What is a distinct “signature,” as Capone puts it, that would show there is life on another planet?That's a question that has been kicked around in many quarters in recent decades, especially since all efforts to find some form of life, no matter whether on Mars or in the distant reaches of space, have failed. At least so far.The current effort to search for some evidence of life on Mars focuses primarily on the search for water, because it has long been believed that water, or at least some fluid, is necessary for the chemical processes that lead life to take place. But that's probably the wrong approach, the USC group argues.“It's ha rd to imagine life without water, but it's easy to imagine water without life,” says Nealson, who was on the Mars team before moving to USC.But nitrogen would be a much clearer signature of life. Only about 2 percent to 3 percent of the Martian atmosphere is nitrogen. That's just a trace, and it probably means there is no life on Mars today, and if there was in the past, it probably ended many, many years ago.But, the USC team adds quickly, that doesn't mean there's no life anywhere else in the universe. They don't know where, of course, but they may have found a wayto narrow down the search. Look first for nitrogen, then look for biological activity that should be there.So if life exists elsewhere, and is similar to life as we know it, there should be nitrogen, and that's what we should be looking for first, the researchers say.If they don't find nitrogen on Mars, Capone says, “that will probably bring us to the conclusion that there likely never was life on Mars.”But how about elsewhere? Could this technique be used to search for life in other solar systems?Maybe. It might be possible to detect a nitrogen-rich atmosphere around a planet orbiting another star, but not yet. Current instruments aren't that sensitive.If they ever are, the search for life might be narrowed down to the most promising prospects, chiefly because of the presence of nitrogen. And won't that be fun!Questions:60. What can suggest life is possible but cannot be proved according to the author?61. What is a cl ear “signature” of life on another planet according to Capone?62. What is considered as a wrong way to search for evidence of life on Mars?63. What can probably prove there is no life on Mars today based on the new theory?64. Why is it impossible to use the new technique to search for life in other solar systems now?Section D (12 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in the spaces 65-70. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 65-70 are based on the following passage.In August 2008, athletes from the United States and around the world will compete in the Beijing Olympics. But did you know that in September of next year, disabled athletes will compete in the Paralympic Games in Beijing?The Olympics and the Paralympics are separate movements. But they have always been held in the same year, and since 1988, they have also been held in the same city. The International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee signed an agreement in 2001 to secure this connection. The next winter games will take place in Vancouver, Canada, in 2010.The Paralympic Games grew out of a sports competition held in 1948 in England and a doctor named Ludwig Guttmann organized it for men who suffered spinal cord injuries in World War II. Four years later, it became an international event as competitors from the Netherlands took part. Then, in 1960, the first Paralympics were held in Rome. 400 athletes from 23 countries competed. By 2004, the Paralympic Games in Athens had almost 4000 athletes from 136 countries, who may have physical or mental limitations and may be blind or in wheelchairs. Yet sometimes they perform better than athletes without disabilities.In 1968, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, the sister of former President John F. Kennedy, started the Special Olympics, which are just for children and adults with mental limitations and whose programs currently serve more than two million people in 160 countries. In November 2006, in Mumbai, India, teams competed in the First Special Olympics International Cricket Cup. In addition to India, there were men's teams from Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the West Indies. There were also women's cricket teams from India and Pakistan.There are many organizations in the United States that help people with disabilities play sports. Wheelchair tennis is a popular sport. So is basketball. In fact, there are more than one hundred professional teams playing wheelchair basketball thanks to the special wheelchairs for athletes that are lightweight and designed for quick moves. For people who want to go really fast in their chairs, there is a Power Wheelchair Racing Association.In the state of Utah there is a place called the National Ability Center, which teaches all kinds of sports to people with all kinds of physical and mental disabilities and even gives friends and family members a chance to try a sport as if they were disabled.A reporter from the Washington Post wanted to know what it would be like for a blind person to use a climbing wall. So, protected by a safety line, the newspaper reporter closed his eyes and started to feel for places to put his hands and feet.Trainers on the ground urged him on: “Take your time. You can do it.” Finally he reached the top.At the National Ability Center people can learn to ride horses and mountain bikes. They can try winter mountain sports, and learn scuba diving and other water activities. The center also prepares athletes for the Paralympics.These days, the first place many people go when they want to travel is the Internet, where they can get information about hotels, transportation and services like tour companies. The Internet can also help travelers find special services for the disabled. For example, there are groups that help young people with disabilities travel to different countries.Susan Sygall, who uses a wheelchair herself, leads an organization called Mobility International USA, and has traveled to more than twenty-five countries to talk about the rights of people with disabilities. She says people with disabilities are all members of a global family and working together across borders is the most powerful way of making changes.Summary:Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A: There are 5 blanks in the passage. Use the word given on the right side to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.。

2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题

2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题

2008年全国大学生英语竞赛真题Part IListening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Section A(5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. The man is not suitable for the position.B. The job has been given to someone else.C. She hadn't received the man's application.2. A. He is going to see his section chief.B. He is going to have a job interview.C. He is going to see his girlfriend.3. A. Ask to see the man's ID card.B. Get the briefcase for the man.C. Show the man her documents.4. A. The dorm room is too crowded.B. There is no kitchen in the building.C. No one looks after the dorm building.5. A. She was always in good shape.B. She stopped exercising one year ago.C. She lost a lot of weight in one year.Section B (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. Each conversation will be read only once. At the end of each conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the five questions, each withthree choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation One6. What is soon to open in China?A. The French Movie Festival.B. The French Cultural Year.C. The French Food Festival.7. How many exhibitions will be held for this activity?A. 200.B. 20.C. 100.8. What will be held at the foot of the Great Wall?A. The City Concert.B. The Opening Ceremony.C. The Great Lunch.9. Which of the following cities is not included in this activity?A. Chongqing.B. Wuhan.C. Shenzhen.10. What will certainly make great contributions to this activity?A. Internet.B. TV shows.C. Newspapers.Conversation Two11. What sound more like a native speaker in a casual conversation?A. Examples.B. Verbs.C. Idioms.12. Which of the following sounds more informal and more natural?A. Get together.B. Meet.C. See.13. Which of the following means that you cannot interrupt me?A. I'm tied up.B. I have a lot on my plate.C. I'm busy.14. In American culture, what is considered important in a conversation?A. Using proper languageB. Making eye contact.C. Looking at your own feet.15. In business, how might Americans feel about you if you are looking away?A. You're feeling ashamed.B. You're telling the truth.C. You're telling a lie.Section C (5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.16. How long will it take for new forests to grow back?A. 65 years.B. 20 years.C. 40 years.17. What did Jimmy Carter plan to focus his efforts on after leaving the White House in 1981?A. A presidential library.B. Camp David.C. Winning a second term.18. What was regarded as the lifeblood of the country of the Maldives?A. Oil.B. Agriculture.C. Tourism.19. What is responsible for the death of many people in developing countries?A. The development of resistance to diseases.B. The difficulty to cure new emerging diseases.C. The inability of the poor to afford medicine.20. What released an estimated 8.7 million tons of the global warming gas?A. Cars.B. Wildfires.C. Wars.Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.A researcher says lead in the environment could be a major cause of violence by young people. Doctor Herbert Needleman is a (21) ________ at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania and he (22) ________ his findings at the yearly meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Doctor Needleman says the presence of lead in the (23) ________ changes the neurons that control actions and that can cause a person to act in antisocial and (24) ________ ways.In the 1970s, Doctor Needleman found lower scores on (25) ________ even in children who did not have such signs of lead poisoning. After that, lead was (26)________ gasoline and paint in the United States. Yet many homes still have old lead paint. Lead was also used in older (27) ________. In fact, officials just announced stronger testing and reporting requirements as from next year for lead in American drinking water.The newest research shows that even very small amounts of lead in bones can affect brain development. A simple (28)________ can measure lead except that an X-ray process is needed to measure levels in bone. In 2004, such tests were done on 190 young people who were (29) ________ and the findings showed that their average levels were higher than normal. And, in 1998, three hundred children were studied and the test scores showed higher levels of (30) ________ problems in those with increased levels of lead. Yet these levels were still considered safe by the government.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 marks)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.31. So nervous ________ that she didn't know how to start her speech.A. since she becameB. would she becomeC. that she becameD. did she become32. He ________ another career but, at the time, he just wanted to earn money to study abroad.A. might have chosenB. might chooseC. had to chooseD. must have chosen33. The second report was ________ by August 2005, but one year later it was still nowhere in sight.A. submittedB. to have submittedC. to submitD. to have been submitted34. In this experiment, the students studied are stopped several times during the listening test and asked to report what they ________ during the pause before answering the questions.A. had just been thinking aboutB. have just been thinking aboutC. are just thinking aboutD. had just thought about35. I was always taught that it was ________ to interrupt.A. rudeB. coarseC. roughD. crude36. Small boys are ________ questioners. They ask questions all the time.A. originalB. peculiarC. imaginativeD. persistent37. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ________.A. out of workB. out of reachC. out of stockD. out of practice38. The bomb will ________ the moment it is touched.A. go onB. go offC. go outD. go over39. The car won't ________; I've tried it several times, but it won't work.A. beginB. launchC. startD. drive40. Children and old people do not like having their daily ________ upset.A. habitB. routineC. practiceD. custom41. In your first few days at school you'll be given a test to help the teachers to ________ you to a class at your level.A. locateB. assignC. deliverD. place42. China only started its nuclear power industry in recent years, and should ________ no time in catching up.A.loseB.delayC. spareD. relieve43. — You did an excellent job yesterday, Jim! I really enjoyed your presentation.— ________— Oh yeah, it was fabulous. It seems the English program is a great way to practice English.— Yeah. It is fun and motivating.A. Did you really?B. Oh, thank you. You are so kind.C. Really? What about yours?D. Not at all. My pleasure.44. — What kind of music do you like?— Well, I like different kinds.— ________— Er, I especially like punk rock.A. I beg your pardon?B. Are you serious?C. Any in particular?D. Why do you think so?45. — How did you like the fashion show last night?— ________—I didn't see anything wrong with the clothes; they looked pretty nice to me.— Do you really think people can wear that stuff and walk around in streets?A. Impressive. It's a good way to show off women's sense of style and wealth.B. It was cool. The clothes are more beautiful than the people wearing them.C. Nothing serious. It's only a show to attract the eyes of fashion fans.D. It was dumb. I think it's stupid for women to wear clothes like that.Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)Section A (4 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 4 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 46-49 are based on the following passage.The ability to “see” oneself in the future is a remarkable human trait - some would say unique - that is not well understood. That's despite the fact that we probably spend as much time thinking about the future as we do thinking about the present.Now new research from Washington University in St. Louis suggests that it's precisely because we can remember the past that we can visualize the future. “Our findings provide convincing support for the idea that memory and future thought are highly interrelated and help explain why future thought may be impossible without memories,” says doctoral candidate Karl Szpunar. The findings are consistent with other research showing that persons with little memory of the past, such as young children or individuals suffering from loss of memory, are less able to see themselves in the future.The researchers base their conclusions on brain scans of 21 college students who were cued to think about something in their past, and anticipate the same event in the future, like a birthday or getting lost. The experiment was carried out as each student lay on their stomach in a magnetic resonance imaging machine, a dreadful but very useful piece of equipment that can show which areas of the brain are stimulated during specific thought processes.The students were also asked to picture former President Bill Clinton in a past and future setting. Clinton was chosen because he was easily recognized and familiar to all the students.The researchers found a “surprisingly complete overlap” among regions of the brain used for remembering the student's past and those used for picturing the future. And every region involved in remembering was also used in anticipating the future.In short, the researchers isolated the area of the brain that “lit up” when the students thought about an event in their own past. And more importantly, that same area lit up again when they thought about a similar event in their future. In fact, the researchers report that the brain activity was so similar in both cases that it was “indistinguishable.”The findings were reinforced when students imagined Bill Clinton. Since none of them knew him personally, their memories were not autobiographical. And the brain scans showed “significantly less” correlation between memories of having seen pictures of Clinton in the White House and projecting him into the future.So this “time machine,” as the researchers describe it, allows us to use the past to see ourselves in the future, and both our memories and our anticipation are interdependent.46. A remarkable human trait that is not well understood is the ability ________.A. to think about the pastB. to see the futureC. to remember the pastD. to control the present47. The findings support that ________.A. future goals will greatly influence a person's present performanceB. a person's present performance is determined by his / her past knowledgeC. future thought depends to a great degree on the memory of the pastD. present thought is impossible without the ability to imagine the future48. The conclusion of the experiment on students was that ________.A. the students could picture themselves better than Bill Clinton in a past and future settingB. the students could imagine themselves as well as Bill Clinton in a past and future settingC. the students could anticipate Bill Clinton better than themselves in a past and future settingD. the students could only picture themselves in a past and future setting but not Bill Clinton49. This “time machine” in the last paragraph most probably refers to ________.A. clockB. brain scanningC. magnetic resonance imagingD. memorySection B (14 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet. For questions 50-55, mark Y (for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 56-59, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Visiting the White HouseWhite House Tours Public tours of the White House are available for groups of 10 or more people. Requests must be submitted through one's Member of Congress and are accepted up to six months in advance. These self-guided tours are available from 7:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Tuesday through Saturday , and are scheduled on a first come, first served basis approximately one month in advance of the requested date. We encourage you to submit your request as early as possible since a limited number of tours are available. All White House tours are free of charge. For the most current tour information, please call the 24-hour line at 202-456-7041. Please note that White House tours may be subject to last minute cancellation.White House Visitor CenterAll tours are significantly enhanced if visitors stop by the White House Visitor Center located at the southeast corner of 15th and E Streets, before or after their tour. The Center is open seven days a week from 7:30 a.m. until 4:00 p.m. and features many aspects of the White House, including its architecture, furnishings, first families, social events, and relations with the press and world leaders, as well as a thirty-minute video. Allow between 20 minutes to one hour to explore the exhibits. The White House Historical Association also sponsors a sales area. Please note that restrooms are available, but food service is not.Mobility-Impaired / Using a WheelchairGuests requiring the loan of a wheelchair should notify the officer at the Visitors Entrance Building upon arrival.Wheelchairs loans are offered on a first-come, first-served basis. Reservations are not possible.Visitors in wheelchairs, or with other mobility disabilities, on the Congressional guided or self-guided tours, between 8:00 a.m. and 12 noon, use the same Visitor entrance and, with up to four members of their party, are admitted without waiting in line and without tickets.Visitors in wheelchairs are escorted by ramp from the entrance level to the ground floor, and by elevator from the ground to the state floor. Guests generally wait in line with their family or group.Hearing-ImpairedTours for hearing-impaired groups may be arranged in advance by writing to the Visitors Office, White House, Washington, DC 20502. Tours are usually scheduled at 9:30 a.m., between the Congressional and public tour times. Participants enter at the East Appointment gate. A U.S. Secret Service / Uniformed Division Tour Officer conducts the tour in sign language. Signed tours are available to groups of 8 to 20. Groups are also encouraged to bring their own interpreters.Signing interpretation is also available for individual visitors with advance notice. A Congressional office first issues guided tour tickets to a guest who is hearing-impaired and then contacts the Visitors Office at least 2 weeks in advance to request interpreter service.The Visitors Office TDD (telephone device for the deaf) is 202-456-2121. Messages may be left outside normal business hours.Visually-ImpairedTours for visually-impaired groups may be arranged in advance by writing to the Visitors Office, White House, Washington, DC 20502. The tours are usually scheduled at 9:30 a.m., between the Congressional and public tour times. Participants enter at the East Appointment gate. A U.S. Secret Service / Uniformed Division Tour Officer permits visitors to touch specific objects in the House. Touch tours are currently available only to groups of 8 to 20, not to individual visitors. Guide animals are permitted in the White House.General Tour InformationAll White House tours are free. Changes in tour schedules are occasionally made because of official events. Notice may not be given until that morning. The Visitors Office 24-hour Information Line recording at 202-456-7041 provides the most up-to-date information. The TDD is 202-456-2121. Visitors should confirm tour schedules by calling the information line the night before and the morning that they plan to visit. It is occasionally necessary to close individual rooms on the tour; however, notice about closed rooms is not possible. Prohibited ItemsProhibited items include, but are not limited to, the following: handbags, book bags, backpacks, purses, food and beverages of any kind, strollers, cameras, video recorders or any type of recording device, tobacco products, personal grooming items (make-up, hair brush or comb, lip or hand lotions, etc.), any pointed objects (pens, knitting needles, etc.), aerosol containers, guns, ammunition, fireworks, electric stun guns, mace, martial arts weapons / devices, or knives of any size. The U.S. Secret Service reserves the right to prohibit any other personal items. Umbrellas, wallets, cell phones and car keys are permitted.Please note that no storage facilities are available on or around the complex. Individuals who arrive with prohibited items will not be permitted to enter the White House.ParkingThe closest Metrorail stations to the White House are Federal Triangle (blue and orange lines), Metro Center (blue, orange, and red lines) and McPherson Square (blue and orange lines). On-street parking is not available near the White House, and use of public transportation is strongly encouraged.Restrooms / Public TelephonesThe nearest restrooms and public telephones to the White House are in the Ellipse Visitor Pavilion (the park area south of the White House) and in the White House Visitor Center. Restrooms or public telephones are not available at the White House.50. Both Congressional guided and self-guided tours need to be scheduled in advance.51. All White House tours are free of charge except on federal holidays.52. The White House Visitor Center provides free drinks but not food service.53. Wheelchair reservation service is provided by the officer at the Visitors Entrance Building.54. Hearing-impaired visitors can request signing interpretation service from the Visitors Office.55. Touch tours are currently only offered to visually-impaired groups of 8 to 20.56. Sometimes official events make it necessary to close ________________ without notice.57. The personal items permitted to be carried into the White House are________________.58. The transportation visitors are encouraged to use is ________________.59. Inside the White House, visitors cannot find or use restrooms or________________.Section C (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in as few words as possible (not more than 10 words). Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 60-64 are based on the following passage.If you were on a distant planet, and if you had instruments that could tell you the composition of Earth's atmosphere, how would you know there was life on this planet?Water in the atmosphere would suggest there could be water on the surface, and as we all know water is considered crucial to life. But water would only suggest that life is possible. It wouldn't prove it's there.Carbon? That basic component of “life as we know it?” Not necessarily. A diamond is pure carbon, and it may be pretty, but it isn't alive.What really sets Earth apart is nitrogen, which makes up 80 percent of the planet's atmosphere. And it's there only because there is abundant life on Earth, say scientists at the University of Southern California.The report grew out of a class discussion two years ago in a course taught by Capone and Kenneth Nealson, professor of earth sciences. Students were asked to come up with different ideas about searching for life on other planets. What is a distinct “signature,” as Capone puts it, that would show there is life on another planet?That's a question that has been kicked around in many quarters in recent decades, especially since all efforts to find some form of life, no matter whether on Mars or in the distant reaches of space, have failed. At least so far.The current effort to search for some evidence of life on Mars focuses primarily on the search for water, because it has long been believed that water, or at least some fluid, is necessary for the chemical processes that lead life to take place. But that's probably the wrong approach, the USC group argues.“It's ha rd to imagine life without water, but it's easy to imagine water without life,” says Nealson, who was on the Mars team before moving to USC.But nitrogen would be a much clearer signature of life. Only about 2 percent to 3 percent of the Martian atmosphere is nitrogen. That's just a trace, and it probably means there is no life on Mars today, and if there was in the past, it probably ended many, many years ago.But, the USC team adds quickly, that doesn't mean there's no life anywhere else in the universe. They don't know where, of course, but they may have found a wayto narrow down the search. Look first for nitrogen, then look for biological activity that should be there.So if life exists elsewhere, and is similar to life as we know it, there should be nitrogen, and that's what we should be looking for first, the researchers say.If they don't find nitrogen on Mars, Capone says, “that will probably bring us to the conclusion that there likely never was life on Mars.”But how about elsewhere? Could this technique be used to search for life in other solar systems?Maybe. It might be possible to detect a nitrogen-rich atmosphere around a planet orbiting another star, but not yet. Current instruments aren't that sensitive.If they ever are, the search for life might be narrowed down to the most promising prospects, chiefly because of the presence of nitrogen. And won't that be fun!Questions:60. What can suggest life is possible but cannot be proved according to the author?61. What is a cl ear “signature” of life on another planet according to Capone?62. What is considered as a wrong way to search for evidence of life on Mars?63. What can probably prove there is no life on Mars today based on the new theory?64. Why is it impossible to use the new technique to search for life in other solar systems now?Section D (12 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of three words from the passage to fill in the spaces 65-70. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 65-70 are based on the following passage.In August 2008, athletes from the United States and around the world will compete in the Beijing Olympics. But did you know that in September of next year, disabled athletes will compete in the Paralympic Games in Beijing?The Olympics and the Paralympics are separate movements. But they have always been held in the same year, and since 1988, they have also been held in the same city. The International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee signed an agreement in 2001 to secure this connection. The next winter games will take place in Vancouver, Canada, in 2010.The Paralympic Games grew out of a sports competition held in 1948 in England and a doctor named Ludwig Guttmann organized it for men who suffered spinal cord injuries in World War II. Four years later, it became an international event as competitors from the Netherlands took part. Then, in 1960, the first Paralympics were held in Rome. 400 athletes from 23 countries competed. By 2004, the Paralympic Games in Athens had almost 4000 athletes from 136 countries, who may have physical or mental limitations and may be blind or in wheelchairs. Yet sometimes they perform better than athletes without disabilities.In 1968, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, the sister of former President John F. Kennedy, started the Special Olympics, which are just for children and adults with mental limitations and whose programs currently serve more than two million people in 160 countries. In November 2006, in Mumbai, India, teams competed in the First Special Olympics International Cricket Cup. In addition to India, there were men's teams from Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the West Indies. There were also women's cricket teams from India and Pakistan.There are many organizations in the United States that help people with disabilities play sports. Wheelchair tennis is a popular sport. So is basketball. In fact, there are more than one hundred professional teams playing wheelchair basketball thanks to the special wheelchairs for athletes that are lightweight and designed for quick moves. For people who want to go really fast in their chairs, there is a Power Wheelchair Racing Association.In the state of Utah there is a place called the National Ability Center, which teaches all kinds of sports to people with all kinds of physical and mental disabilities and even gives friends and family members a chance to try a sport as if they were disabled.A reporter from the Washington Post wanted to know what it would be like for a blind person to use a climbing wall. So, protected by a safety line, the newspaper reporter closed his eyes and started to feel for places to put his hands and feet.Trainers on the ground urged him on: “Take your time. You can do it.” Finally he reached the top.At the National Ability Center people can learn to ride horses and mountain bikes. They can try winter mountain sports, and learn scuba diving and other water activities. The center also prepares athletes for the Paralympics.These days, the first place many people go when they want to travel is the Internet, where they can get information about hotels, transportation and services like tour companies. The Internet can also help travelers find special services for the disabled. For example, there are groups that help young people with disabilities travel to different countries.Susan Sygall, who uses a wheelchair herself, leads an organization called Mobility International USA, and has traveled to more than twenty-five countries to talk about the rights of people with disabilities. She says people with disabilities are all members of a global family and working together across borders is the most powerful way of making changes.Summary:Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A: There are 5 blanks in the passage. Use the word given on the right side to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.。

独一无二的英语高级表达

独一无二的英语高级表达

独一无二的英语高级表达在英语中，有许多独一无二的高级表达方式可以用来提升语言水平和表达能力。

以下是一些例子：1. Idioms and Phrases（习语和短语）："The ball is in your court"（球在你的场上）意味着决策权在你手中。

"Bite the bullet"（咬紧牙关）表示勇敢面对困难或痛苦。

"Break a leg"（祝你好运）是一种祝福，尤其在演艺界常用。

2. Proverbs and Sayings（谚语和格言）："Actions speak louder than words"（事实胜于雄辩）强调行动比言辞更有说服力。

"When in Rome, do as the Romans do"（入乡随俗）建议在不同文化中遵循当地的习俗。

3. Advanced Vocabulary（高级词汇）："Euphemism"（委婉语）是使用柔和措辞来表达不愉快或敏感话题的方式。

"Ubiquitous"（无处不在）表示某物或某人无处不在。

"Circumvent"（绕过）意味着通过巧妙手段避免或规避问题。

4. Figurative Language（修辞语言）："Metaphor"（隐喻）是将一个事物比作另一个事物，以便更生动地描述。

"Simile"（明喻）使用"like"或"as"来进行比较，使描述更具图像感。

"Hyperbole"（夸张法）通过夸张手法来强调某事的重要性或程度。

5. Formal Expressions（正式表达）："I would like to express my sincere gratitude for..."（我想真诚地表达我的感激之情）是一种正式的感谢表达方式。

告诉外国人如何学好中文英语作文

告诉外国人如何学好中文英语作文

告诉外国人如何学好中文英语作文Learning Chinese is Super Fun!Hi there! My name is Lily and I'm 10 years old. I was born in the United States, but my parents are from China so I'm learning Chinese too. At first, I thought it would be really hard, but now I think Chinese is super fun and cool! Let me tell you all about how I'm learning it.The first thing I had to get used to was the different writing system. Chinese doesn't use the same alphabet as English. Instead, it uses thousands of unique characters or symbols called hanzi. Each one represents a word or part of a word. When I was little, I thought they looked like cool little pictures!My parents started teaching me hanzi from a really young age by showing me flashcards and having me copy the characters over and over again. It was kind of boring at first, but now I can recognize tons of them. The more I learned, the more I could read books, signs, apps, and websites in Chinese. It's like unlocking a secret code!What also helped a lot was labeling everyday objects around the house with their Chinese names. My mom put little hanzi cards on everything - the table, the couch, the TV, my toys.Whenever I saw or used those things, I had to say the words out loud. That really helped cement them in my brain.Another big part of learning Chinese is the tones. In English, you just say words with a flat tone. But in Chinese, the way you say a word can change its meaning completely based on which of the four tones you use. It's kind of like singing!When I began learning tones, everything sounded the same to me. But my Chinese tutor gave me some great tips. She had me use hand motions and exaggerated body movements to act out each tone as I said the word. The first tone is high and flat, so I raised my hand up high. The second tone rises, so I swept my hand up. The third tone bounces down and up, so I made a bouncing motion. And the fourth tone falls down, so I put my hand down low.Using those gestures while repeating words over and over helped train my ears to really hear the subtle differences between tones. I also played this fun mobile game that only advanced if I pronounced the tones right. It was like a workout for my mouth!Speaking of my mouth, that's probably been the hardest skill for me so far - actually producing all the Chinese sounds correctly. There are so many unique sounds that don't exist inEnglish at all. Like the "x" sound, or the "zh" combo sound. My tutor has me look in a mirror while I talk to make sure my mouth is in the right position.Something else that's very different is that Chinese doesn't have separate alphabetic letters that you string together to make words. Instead, almost every single syllable is its own unique word or part of a word. And the words have a set way they need to be structured together in a sentence, almost like you're following a secret grammar code.In English, we naturally knew things like where the adjectives go relative to the noun. Like we'd say "the big dog," not "the dog big." But in Chinese, you have to consciously learn where all the elements go in that set order. Subjects, verbs, objects, and all the other parts have their own fixed positions.My tutor started me off with simple sentence patterns using flashcards. Like "This is a ____" or "I want to ____" with me filling in the blank. As I got better, we'd make the patterns more complex, using different particles and extra detail words. It was like cracking a new code with each sentence!What also really helped me get the patterns down was reading tons of Chinese kids books, watching Chinese TV shows, and listening to Chinese music. Getting constant exposure tohow native speakers string the words together was crucial for training my ear and building intuition.And of course, one of the most fun parts has been learning all the cool Chinese idioms, proverbs, and cultural references. They often relate to ancient stories or use vivid natural imagery. Things like "add feet to a snake" which means to make things worse, or "a well of literature" referring to an extremely knowledgeable person.My parents are always quizzing me with Chinese riddles, tongue twisters, or chengyu, which are those special four-word idioms that sound poetic but have much deeper meanings. It's awesome because it's not just learning words, it's learning about the whole culture and way of thinking.Even though Chinese can seem really hard from the outside, once you start digging into it, so much of it is fascinating and fun. The tones, the hanzi, the patterns, the cultural references -they're almost like sacred keys to an ancient secret language and history. And every time I learn something new, I feel like I'm leveling up in an awesome brain game!Start building your hanzi knowledge as early as possible by labeling household objects or using flashcard apps. The more characters you recognize, the more you can start reading.Use exaggerated hand gestures and body motions while repeating tones out loud. It'll train your mouth muscles and ears to the unique sounds.Read children's books, watch shows, and listen to music to get exposure to real native usage of sentence patterns, slang, idioms, and more.Find a skilled tutor who can guide you through the challenging aspects like tones, stroke order for writing hanzi, grammar patterns, cultural context, etc.Most of all, be patient, keep an open mindset, and try to have fun with it! Chinese is a journey, not a race. The more you can turn it into captivating games and activities, the faster you'll progress.I still have a longgggg way to go, but I'm determined to become fluent one day. It's such a rich language filled with brilliant wisdom, fascinating history, creativity, and insight into an entirely different way of seeing the world. Why wouldn't you want to unlock that superpower?Well, that's been my experience so far! Let me know if you have any other questions. I'm always happy to share what I've learned. Chinese is challenging for sure, but also extremelyrewarding. So let's keep exploring this amazing language together! Fighting!。

亡羊补牢的寓意告诉我们什么道理英语作文

亡羊补牢的寓意告诉我们什么道理英语作文

亡羊补牢的寓意告诉我们什么道理英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1What Does "Closing the Pen After the Sheep Are Lost" Really Mean?You know that feeling when your mom yells at you for leaving your bike in the driveway after it got stolen? Or when your teacher scolds the whole class for being loud and rowdy after you already got in trouble for it? That's kind of what the Chinese saying "closing the pen after the sheep are lost" (亡羊补牢) is all about.It's an idiom that means taking precautions too late, after the damage is already done. Like locking the gate after all the animals have escaped and run away. Pretty silly, right? Why bother locking it then?My grandpa loves using old proverbs and idioms like this one to teach me lessons. I remember one time I accidentally broke my aunt's really expensive vase when I was throwing a ball inside the house (which I knew I wasn't supposed to do). After my aunt got mad and my parents scolded me, my grandpapulled me aside. With a kind but serious look, he said, "Drew, locking the door after the robbery is pointless. The damage is already done."I felt really awful because I knew he was talking about the vase situation. By the time they tried to punish me and prevent it from happening again, I had already broken the vase. It was too late. Hearing that old saying put things in perspective for me.My grandpa went on to explain that the idiom "closing the pen after the sheep are lost" originated a long time ago in ancient China when most people worked as farmers or shepherds. Back then, if you didn't properly lock up your sheep pen at night, the sheep could wander off and get lost or eaten by wolves. So it was really important to secure the pen before nightfall. Otherwise, you'd be foolish to lock it up after all your livestock had already escaped or gotten killed!That visual of locking up an empty pen with no sheep left really hammered the message home for me. It's about taking preventative measures before bad things happen, not just reacting after the fact when it's already too late. My grandpa told me it's the same idea as the English sayings "locking the barn door after the horse is gone" or "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure."Looking back, there were so many instances growing up where that proverb could have applied to me. Like when I waited until the last minute to study for a test and bombed it. Or when I kept putting off my chores until my mom freaked out on me for letting my room get so messy. Sometimes I wish I had learned the meaning of "closing the pen after the sheep are lost" sooner!These days, I try to think ahead and take precautions before potentially bad situations, instead of regretting my actions later. Like making sure to pack an umbrella if rain is in the forecast, rather than ending up soaked and cold. Or buckling my seatbelt as soon as I get into the car, not waiting until I've already started driving. It's about being proactive instead of reactive.I see examples of this idiom's message all around me too. Like when a house with a weak roof waits until after a huge storm to fix it, rather than getting it repaired beforehand. Or when someone parties too hard and ends up with a monster hangover, wishing they had chugged some water between drinks. It's "closing the pen after the sheep are lost" taken to the extreme!Procrastinating on things just leads to more headaches down the road. The more I've learned to apply "closing the pen after the sheep are lost" to my life, the better I've gotten at avoiding unnecessary issues. Taking preventative steps ends upsaving so much time, money, and hassle compared to cleaning up after the fact.I know I'm just a kid and still have a lot to learn. But I'd like to think I've become a bit wiser from having that old Chinese idiom ingrained in me. Planning ahead, staying prepared, and taking precautions are so important if you want to avoid misfortune or disasters. Once something bad has already happened, it篇2The Lesson of Locking the Pen After the Sheep are LostHave you ever heard the saying "locking the pen after the sheep are lost"? It's an old Chinese idiom that basically means taking action too late, after the damage is already done. It paints a picture of a shepherd who doesn't secure the gate to the sheep pen until after all the sheep have already escaped and run away. Pretty silly, right?Well, this funny little phrase actually teaches us a really important life lesson that I think is super valuable, especially for kids like you and me. The moral of the story is that we need to be proactive and take preventative measures, instead of just reacting after something bad has already happened.Let me give you an example to help explain what I mean. Let's say you have a really important math test coming up on Friday. You've been slacking off and not really studying or paying attention in class. Then, Thursday night rolls around and you suddenly realize "Oh no, the test is tomorrow and I'm totally unprepared!" So you try to cram everything in at the last minute.But is that really the best strategy? Probably not. It would have been way smarter to start preparing little by little each day, reviewing your notes, doing practice problems, and asking your teacher for help if you're struggling with any concepts. That way, by the time the test day arrives, you're feeling cool, calm, and confident instead of stressed and scrambling.You're basically locking the pen (doing your work) before the sheep get out (preventing yourself from bombing the test). Make sense? Taking that proactive approach gives you your best chance at success.Now, I know what you might be thinking - "Sure, Timmy, that all sounds good in theory. But let's be real, I'm just a kid! I get distracted and procrastinate sometimes. We all do!" And you're absolutely right, that's just part of being human. None of us are perfect.The key is to develop habits and strategies to help us be a little more proactive in life. For example, you could set reminders for yourself to review class material every night after dinner. Or make a checklist of all the steps you need to take to prepare for that big project. Or just practice better time management skills in general.When we take a proactive mindset and get ahead of potential problems, it's kind of like we're "locking the pen" and preventing future headaches and stress for ourselves. It helps us perform at a higher level and achieve better results.On the flip side, a reactive mindset is what gets us into trouble. We let things slide until it's too late and then we're frantically trying to dig ourselves out of a hole. Like that shepherd who doesn't secure the gate until the sheep have already escaped - he's forced to run around like a madman trying to gather them all back up. What a mess!Now, I'm not saying you can prevent every single bad thing from ever happening. Life throws curveballs sometimes that are out of our control. In those cases, yeah, we have to be reactive and deal with the situation as best we can. But a lot of time, a little proactiveness can go a long way in avoiding preventable problems.The good news is, it's never too late to start implementing this philosophy! Why not pick one thing you've been slacking on, like cleaning your room or studying for an upcoming vocabulary quiz? Make a plan to be proactive - set reminders, make a checklist, whatever tools work best for your learning style. Prove to yourself and your parents that you've got what it takes to "lock the pen before the sheep get out!"Remember, we're all works in progress. Even adults mess up and drop the ball sometimes. But having a proactive mindset becomes a habit, just like any other good habit we try to build, like brushing our teeth, eating healthy foods, or being kind to others. The more we practice it, the better we get at avoiding those reactive scrambles.So the next time you hear that funny old saying about the shepherd and his lost sheep, let it remind you of the power in being proactive. Whether it's with schoolwork, chores, sports practice, you name it - taking care of business ahead of time puts you in the driver's seat and increases your chances of success. After all, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, right?Those are just some of my thoughts, but I'd love to hear your perspective too! How else could we apply this "locking the pen" lesson in our daily lives as students? Are there any areas whereyou tend to be more reactive instead of proactive? I'm certainly still working on building better habits myself.Developing a proactive mindset takes practice, but it's a skill that will serve us well not just in school, but in life. So let's all try to be a little more like the smart shepherd who secures the gate ahead of time - saving us a whole lot of running around and stress in the long run!篇3What Does "Closing the Pen After Losing the Sheep" Really Mean?You know that saying your grandma always uses when someone tries to fix something after it's already too late? "Closing the pen after losing the sheep." I never really understood what it meant until my dad explained it to me. It's one of those old sayings that has a really good lesson hidden inside.Basically, it means that it's no use trying to prevent something bad from happening after it has already occurred. Like if you left the gate to the sheep pen open, and all the sheep wandered out and got lost. Then you closed the gate after theywere already gone. Duh! You should have closed it before they escaped!My dad gave me a real-life example to help me understand. Last summer, we went camping and didn't put our food away properly at night. We just left the cooler and snacks out in the open. In the morning, we woke up to a huge mess! Raccoons had gotten into everything and there were potato chip crumbs and smashed granola bars all over the campsite. My dad had to spend hours cleaning it all up. He said we were "closing the pen after losing the sheep" by putting the food away neatly after the raccoons had already made the mess.So the expression is trying to teach you an important lesson - be prepared and do things the right way from the start instead of waiting until it's too late. That way you can prevent problems before they happen instead of having to fix or clean up a mess afterwards.At school, we sometimes talk about "closing the pen after losing the sheep" without even realizing it. Like when we forget to study for a test, then after we get a bad grade we promise to study harder next time. Well, duh! We should have been studying all along instead of waiting until we failed the test. That's closing the pen after the sheep got out.Or when we forget to bring a snack or water bottle to soccer practice, then we're crazy hungry and thirsty at the end. We should have prepared properly before practice started instead of whining about it after. That's closing the pen in the wrong order.My mom is always using that expression around the house too. Like if I make a giant mess with my toys, art supplies, or games, then she has to spend forever cleaning up after me. She'll say "This is like closing the pen after the sheep got out! You need to clean up after yourself AS you go instead of waiting until the end." Then I have to stop what I'm doing and tidy up right away. It's a pain, but she's right. It's way easier to keep cleaning up a little bit at a time instead of letting it all pile up into one huge mess.I think "closing the pen after losing the sheep" is a really smart way to remind me and my family to be responsible, prepared, and do things in the proper order. If we had closed the pen (or cooler) properly BEFORE the sheep (or raccoons) got out, we wouldn't have had any problems to deal with later. Doing things right from the start prevents so many headaches in the long run!So now when I hear that strange old expression, I smile because I know what important lesson it's teaching me. Don't bethe person closing the pen after it's too late. Take precautions, show up prepared, and do things the right way ahead of time. That's the wise way to live and not get stuck having to chase down a whole flock of lost sheep!篇4What the Idiom 'Mending the Pen After Losing the Sheep' Teaches UsHave you ever heard the Chinese saying "Mang Yang Bu Lao" before? It means "mending the pen after losing the sheep." At first, it might not make much sense. Why would someone fix a pen after their sheep ran away? Let me explain what this funny idiom really means and the important lesson it teaches.Imagine you are a shepherd taking care of a big flock of woolly sheep out in the fields. You have a pen made of wooden fences where the sheep stay safe and sleep at night. One day, you accidentally leave the gate to the pen wide open while going about your chores. Before you realize your mistake, several of the sheep wander out of the open gate and get lost! You scramble to chase after the missing sheep, but they have wandered too far away into the hills and woods. After hours of searching, youfinally give up for the day, defeated. Those poor sheep are gone for good.When you get back to the pen, suddenly you realize - the gate is still open! If any more sheep escape during the night, you'll lose your whole flock. So what do you do? You quickly shut and lock the gate, making sure it is nice and secure. As the idiom says, you are "mending the pen after losing the sheep." Pretty silly, right? Why didn't you just close the gate in the first place before any sheep went missing?This is exactly the lesson the idiom is meant to teach. It is criticizing the idea of only fixing a problem after something bad has already happened, instead of taking precautions in advance. Closing the gate earlier would have prevented those sheep from getting lost at all. Taking action beforehand is always better than waiting until disaster strikes.Imagine if you didn't mend the pen gate at all after those first sheep escaped. The very next night, the rest of your flock could have wandered out the open gate too! Then you'd lose your entire flock of sheep, just from one little mistake. That would be terrible for your family that depends on the sheep's wool and milk to survive. All because you didn't learn from your first mistake quickly enough.The idiom "mending the pen after losing the sheep" shows the importance of:Learning from your mistakes right awayTaking action to prevent future issuesNot letting problems snowball out of controlIt teaches the value of being proactive, not reactive. If there is a problem or risk, it's better to take steps to fix it immediately instead of waiting until the damage is already done. Closing the barn door after the horse runs away does no good - the sensible thing is to shut the door before the horse even has a chance to escape!Let me give you some more examples to help this lesson stick:What if there was a leak in your roof during a rain storm? Would you wait for even more rain to pour in before fixing the leak and letting your house get water damaged? Of course not! As soon as you noticed the dripping, you'd put out buckets to catch the water and call a roofer right away to patch the leak. Not waiting until the problem gets even worse is "mending the pen before losing the sheep."Or let's say you forgot to study for a big math test at school. When you got the test back with a failing grade, would you just shrug it off? No way! After seeing your poor score, you'd learn your lesson and study twice as hard for the next test so you don't fail again. Adjusting your habits after a failure is "mending the pen after losing the sheep."Every day, we all have many chances to be proactive and prevent bigger issues, just like mending that pen gate. If you're having trouble with a subject at school, asking your teacher for extra help stops your grades from slipping later. Cleaning your room stops toys and clothes from piling up into a huge mess over time. Following your parent's rules helps you avoid punishment down the road.The idiom reminds us it's smart to fix problems when they are still small and manageable, before they turn into bigger disasters. A little anti-proactive effort saves you a lot more work and headache later on. It's just like my mom always says: "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure!"So don't be the foolish shepherd who let all the sheep run away, then belatedly mended the pen anyway. Use this wise old saying as a reminder to stay on top of problems, rather thanscrambling to clean up avoidable messes after the fact. An ounce of precaution goes a very long way!篇5The Lesson of Closing the Pen After Losing the SheepHave you ever heard the saying "closing the pen after losing the sheep"? It's an old Chinese idiom that teaches us an important lesson about being prepared and taking action before it's too late.In English, we might say "locking the barn door after the horse has bolted." It means the same thing - trying to fix a problem after the damage has already been done instead of preventing the problem in the first place.Let me tell you a story to explain what this idiom means:Once upon a time, there was a shepherd boy named Li Xiaoming who took care of his family's flock of sheep. Every morning, he would lead the woolly animals out to the pasture to graze on the fresh green grass.One sunny day, Xiaoming was feeling lazy. Instead of counting to make sure all the sheep were there before opening the pen gate, he just swung it wide open without a secondthought. The sheep happily wandered out to munch on the clover.A few hours later, Xiaoming looked up from the comic book he had been reading and did a double take. There was one sheep missing! He searched high and low, but the lost lamb was nowhere to be found.Xiaoming felt terrible. He knew his parents would be very upset with him for losing one of their precious sheep. As night fell, he sadly headed back to the pen, closing and locking the gate tightly behind him.But it was too late - the sheep was gone for good. Xiaoming had closed the pen after losing the sheep. If only he had been more careful and made sure the whole flock was there before opening the gate that morning!This little story shows why the idiom "closing the pen after losing the sheep" is used to remind us not to do things too late. Just like Xiaoming, we often don't think about taking precautions until after something bad has already happened.For example, imagine you have a report due for school tomorrow, but you spent all weekend playing video games instead of working on it. Now it's too late to get it done properly.That's kind of like closing the pen after the sheep got out - you didn't do what you were supposed to do at the right time.Or let's say you lost your new smartphone because you didn't put it in a safe place. After searching everywhere for it, you decide to be more careful about where you leave your valuables from now on. But it's too late because your phone is already gone!Whenever you find yourself doing something to fix a problem or make a situation better after the main issue has already occurred, you are closing the pen after losing the sheep. The right time to take action was earlier, before things went wrong.The moral of this idiom is: be prepared, pay attention, and don't put things off until it's too late! If we make a habit of thinking ahead and doing what needs to be done at the right time, we can prevent a lot of problems and trouble.It's like my mom always says: "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." Or as another English saying goes: "A stitch in time saves nine." Both of these proverbs remind us to take care of things quickly before they become bigger issues.So the next time you find yourself rushing to make up for a mistake or trying to fix something at the last minute, remember poor Shepherd Boy Xiaoming closing the pen's gate after his sheep had already wandered off. Don't be like him! Instead, take action upfront so you don't have to face the consequences later. It's a lesson we can all learn from this wise Chinese idiom.篇6The Old Saying: Closing the Pen After Losing the SheepThere's an old saying in English that goes "It's no use closing the pen after losing the sheep." At first, it might sound kind of funny or even a bit silly. Why would someone try to close up a pen (which is basically just a small fenced-in area) after all the sheep have already escaped and run away? That would be pointless! But if you stop and think about the deeper meaning behind this old phrase, it actually teaches us an important life lesson that can help make us wiser and more responsible.The saying is really using the image of farm animals like sheep as a metaphor. The "sheep" represent something valuable that you previously had but then carelessly lost or let slip away through your own negligence or lack of proper precautions. The "pen" symbolizes the security measures, safeguards, orpreventative steps you should have taken earlier to protect your valuable possessions or opportunities from being lost or squandered in the first place. So to try putting up strong fences and barriers after everything is already gone is a futile gesture —it's too little, too late at that point.Let me give you a few examples to better illustrate what this saying is getting at:Imagine a young boy who receives an beautiful antique pocket watch from his grandfather as a cherished family heirloom. But the boy is pretty irresponsible with his belongings. He carelessly leaves the treasured watch lying around the house, drops it on the floor, forgets where he put it, and eventually the precious watch gets lost for good. Only after it's gone does the boy's father exclaim in frustration, "It's no use locking up the house securely now — the sheep is already out of the pen!"Or let's say there's a teenage girl who has always dreamed of becoming a professional ballet dancer. But instead of diligently practicing her ballet exercises and working hard in her dance classes, she goofs off and hardly puts in any real effort. Then one day she fails the difficult audition for admission to the elite ballet academy she wanted to attend. It's only after blowing her bigchance at her dream that she finally realizes "Oh no, I've lost my sheep — it's too late to start taking ballet seriously now!"Here's one more example that might hit closer to home: Let's say you've been slacking off in math class all year. You don't pay close attention to the lessons, you neglect to do your homework regularly, and you don't bother asking the teacher for help when you're struggling to understand something. So, by the time the big end-of-year math test rolls around, you're completely unprepared and you bomb it miserably. After failing the crucial test, your parents ground you and exclaim in exasperation, "Well, it's no use cracking down on your behavior now — the sheep is already out of the pen on your math grade for the year!"In each of these cases, the "sheep" represents something of great value and importance — the antique watch, the ballet dancing dream, or the chance to do well in math class. And the "pen" stands for the precautions, hard work, and responsible actions that should have been taken ahead of time to safeguard and protect those valuable things from being squandered or lost. But by neglecting to be diligent, dedicated, and conscientious early on, the chances or opportunities slipped away before any belated efforts could salvage the situation. As my grandmawould say, "The barn door got locked after the horses already ran out."So what's the big lesson this clever old saying wants us to learn? It's all about being proactive rather than reactive when it comes to things that truly matter to us. Whether it's taking proper care of our treasured possessions, working hard to achieve our biggest goals and ambitions, or just knuckling down on our school responsibilities — we have to stay on top of what's important before it's too late to make a difference. "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure," as another wise saying reminds us. It's so much easier to safeguard our valuables and opportunities from the start through hard work, discipline, advanced planning, and taking all the right precautions early on. That way we never end up in the miserable position of trying in vain to fruitlessly lock up the pen after our prized "sheep" have already escaped due to our own lack of vigilance.As young students, we're still at an age where we can really take this valuable life lesson about being proactive to heart. When we feel unmotivated to do mundane chores or homework, we should picture those tasks as the "pen" we need to diligently reinforce to protect something more meaningful down the road — like a future goal or opportunity that could easily slip away ifwe drop the ball. And when we're tempted to goof off rather than focus on responsibilities that may seem boring or unimportant in the moment, we'd be wise to visualize that sacrifice compounding until we've carelessly "lost our sheep" in the long run.There's a reason why certain old sayings and figures of speech have stuck around for so many generations. While the specific wording and imagery may be a bit antiquated, the fundamental wisdom and guidance imbued in thesepassed-down expressions can truly enrich our lives and decision-making. And the proverb about not locking the pen too late after the sheep have already escaped is one of those enduring pieces of folk wisdom that can inspire all of us — from young kids up through older adults — to be more watchful, hardworking, and accountable when it comes to diligently pursuing and protecting our most cherished dreams, possessions, and opportunities in life. It's never too early to start heeding that advice so we don't ever arrive at that disappointing point of "shutting the barn door after the cows have already fled." Taking responsible action in a timely manner is the surest way to avoid that sinking feeling of trying fruitlessly to close the pen once all our "sheep" are already long gone.。

2008年11月北京成人本科学位英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2008年11月北京成人本科学位英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2008年11月北京成人本科学位英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. Reading Comprehension 3. V ocabulary and Structure 4. Identification 5. Cloze 6. TranslationPart I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Scientists in India have invented a new way to produce electricity. Their invention does not get its power from oil, coal or other fuels. It produces electricity with the power of animals. India has about eighty million bullocks(小牛). They do all kinds of jobs. They work in the fields. They pull vehicles through the streets. They carry water containers. (76)Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. Scientists at the National Institute for Industrial Engineering in Bombay(孟买) wondered whether the millions of bullocks could help. Many villages in India lack electricity, but they have many bullocks. And often the animals are not working. One job done by bullocks is to pump water out of the well. The animals do this by walking around and around in a circle. As they walk, they turn a heavy stick that makes the pump move. This simple technology is centuries old. Scientists thought that the same technology could be used to produce electricity. Bullocks walk in a circle only two or three times a minute. This is much too slow to produce electricity, but it can create enough power to turn a series of gears(齿轮). A large gear sits next to a smaller gear. As- the large gear turns, it causes the smaller gear to turn. That gear turns an even smaller one. Each gear moves faster because it is a little smaller. The smallest gear may turn extremely fast. (77)Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity. According to the officials in the United Nations, the idea is being tested at several places in India. The device is easy to operate and repair. And it can be moved easily. It costs about three hundred and seven dollars now to make such a device, but production of large numbers of them could cut the cost of each to about two hundred dollars.1．Who first thought of using bullocks to provide energy?A．Indian energy officials.B．Scientists in India.C．Officials in the United Nations.D．Researchers in Europe.正确答案：B解析：本题是细节题。

关于我的外国友人热爱学习汉语的英语作文

关于我的外国友人热爱学习汉语的英语作文

关于我的外国友人热爱学习汉语的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1My Foreign Friend's Love of Learning ChineseEver since I was young, I've been fascinated by other cultures and languages. There's something amazing about being able to communicate with people from across the world and understand their perspectives. That's why I was so excited when I met Olivia, an American exchange student who had come to study at my university in Beijing.I still remember the first time I saw her on campus. With her blonde hair and bright blue eyes, she really stood out from the crowd of local students. Despite being obviously foreign, she was doing her best to blend in, carrying her books in a backpack and dressed in jeans and a t-shirt like the rest of us.What caught my attention though was the Chinese-English dictionary clutched in her hand as she frowned in concentration, trying to decipher a sign. As someone who has always taken my native language for granted, I was impressed by her dedication to learning such a challenging tongue.I decided to go over and introduce myself, helping to translate the sign she was struggling with. Olivia's face broke into a big smile as the meaning became clear."Thank you so much!" she exclaimed in heavily accented but understandable Mandarin. "I'm still getting the hang of reading these characters."We struck up a conversation, and I learned that Olivia was utterly enamored with the Chinese language and culture. She had first become interested in high school after watching a kung fu movie and being mesmerized by the beautiful brushstroke calligraphy in the opening credits.From there, she had started taking Chinese classes, practicing writing characters, and listening to music and watching shows to pick up more vocabulary and pronunciation. Her dedication paid off when she was awarded a scholarship to study abroad for a year in Beijing."I know it's going to be really difficult," Olivia told me. "But I'm so excited to be fully immersed and finally become fluent!"Over the next few weeks, Olivia and I became close friends. I was constantly amazed by her enthusiasm for learning every aspect of my native tongue and culture. While most foreignstudents stuck to taking classes and socializing mostly with other international kids, Olivia threw herself wholeheartedly into true language immersion.At first, she definitely struggled with the tones and seemingly endless idioms and culturally-specific sayings. But she never got discouraged, constantly carrying around flashcards to quiz herself during free moments. She watched Chinese TV shows and movies voraciously, replaying scenes over and over until she could capture every nuance of dialogue.Olivia's calligraphy skills went from childlike scribbles to elegant brushstrokes as she practiced forming each character over and over with intense concentration. On weekends, she would drag me around to museums, galleries, parks, and cultural sites, insisting I teach her the stories behind everything we saw. Her genuine curiosity and passion were inspiring.Of course, Olivia made other friends too, both foreign and Chinese. But she didn't just stick to socializing in English with other international students. Instead, she pushed herself to speak Chinese exclusively, even when it was difficult and there were misunderstandings. She spent language exchange sessions with local students, trading English lessons for opportunities to practice dialogue and pick up new slang.Slowly but surely, I saw Olivia's tones become more accurate and her vocabulary rapidly expand. Idioms and proverbs that had once made her eyes glaze over in confusion started rolling off her tongue effortlessly in conversation. She went from avoiding complicated characters to texting with her new Chinese friends in handwritten messages. Watching her progress was remarkable.When the school year came to an end, none of us wanted to see Olivia go. In just one year, she had gone from strugglingly ordering dumplings to negotiating complicated interview questions in Chinese to land a position at a Shanghai-based social media company after graduation.We threw her a going away party, and Olivia stood up to give a speech – entirely in Mandarin. There were no pauses to search for words or ask for translations. She spoke eloquently for fifteen minutes, expressing her gratitude for the amazing experience and everything she had learned. We all watched in awe as this once heavily-accented foreign student sounded practically like a native with her accurate tones and lack of grammatical errors. Olivia had truly mastered the language she had fallen in love with.As I looked around at the beaming faces in the crowd, a mixture of Olivia's Chinese and foreign friends, I felt an immense sense of pride. In just one year, this young woman had gone further in learning our rich language and culture than many locals appreciated. Her passion for embracing every aspect of the Chinese experience was an inspiration.My wise grandmother once told me, "You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make it drink." Anyone can have the opportunity to learn a language, but it's the motivation and diligence that truly makes the difference. Olivia showed that when you fully commit yourself and open your heart to a new culture, anything is possible.While Olivia has graduated and moved on, she left an indelible impression on me. Her admirable drive reinforced the importance of never taking my heritage for granted and always being a humble student of other cultures and worldviews. Whenever I feel my studies getting difficult, I think of Olivia and her unwavering love of learning that allowed her to start as an outsider and become practically fluent and culturally immersed in just one year overseas. Thanks to her example, I know I too can achieve anything I set my mind to.篇2My Foreign Friend's Love for Learning ChineseI still vividly remember the first time I met Michael in our Chinese language class freshman year. He was this tall, blond American guy who stuck out like a sore thumb among all the Chinese students. I couldn't help but wonder what had motivated him to take up learning our incredibly complex and difficult mother tongue.As I got to know Michael better over the following semesters, I came to realize his dedication and enthusiasm for mastering Mandarin Chinese went far beyond just fulfilling a language requirement for his degree. Michael had developed a profound interest and appreciation for Chinese culture, history, and everything associated with the Middle Kingdom from a very young age.Growing up, Michael's parents had hired Chinese tutors to teach him basic conversational Mandarin alongside English as a toddler. His mom, who was born in Hong Kong and immigrated to the US as a child, wanted to ensure her own cultural roots weren't lost on her children. This early exposure ignited Michael's curiosity about the rich heritage tied to the language he was learning.Throughout our discussions outside of class, Michael would share fascinating anecdotes about cutting his teeth reading translations of ancient Chinese folklore and legends as bedtime stories. He was enamored by the profound wisdom and timeless life lessons that emanated from the literary classics and philosophical teachings of iconic figures like Confucius and Lao Tzu."Those parables and proverbs have stuck with me more than any of the children's books I read growing up," Michael would say. "There's just something compelling about the way they convey deeper truths about the human experience through deceptively simple stories and sayings."While the initial building blocks of Michael's Chinese came from his mother, it was his father who stoked his obsession with Chinese martial arts movies and novels from the wuxia genre. Heroic tales of chivalrous warriors saving the day with dazzling swordsmanship and daring martial feats further fueled Michael's boyhood fantasies about one day becoming a kung fu master himself."I must have watched Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero about a hundred times over," he reminisced. "The philosophical undertones and poetry interwoven into thenarratives were just as mesmerizing as the mind-blowing fight choreography."When it came time to pick his foreign language classes for college, Chinese was an obvious choice for someone so culturally invested in it from such a tender age. However, Michael's motivations extended far beyond just checking off another academic box on his way to a Business degree.He saw learning Chinese as a stepping stone towards realizing his childhood dream of experiencing a gap year traveling across the massive Asian nation. From studying the idioms and intricacies of written Chinese, to drilling correct pronunciation of those tongue-twisting tones, Michael applied himself with industrious zeal and regard for the nuances of the language."It'll be a disrespectful waste if I can't properly converse with the very people and understand the deeper cultural context behind the stories and customs I've admired for so long," he would lament about the challenges of Chinese's eccentric grammatical structures and seemingly endless vocabularly.Nevertheless, Michael proved to be remarkably adept at rapid-fire discussions covering current events, history, and pop culture. Our Chinese instructors were constantly singing hispraises for his precocious reading fluency and ability to debates abstract concepts using rich idiomatic language most native speakers struggle with."It's humbling to realize no matter how hard I study and how much I immerse myself, speaking Chinese will never flow off my tongue quite as effortlessly as yours does," Michael would say self-deprecatingly. "The nuances and subtext I'm still inevitably missing must drive you all crazy."What made Michael stand out even more than his impressive language chops was how he seamlessly integrated his passion for Chinese arts, literature, and philosophy into his daily conversations and campus life. He was part of the Chinese martial arts club, volunteered with community organizations' Chinese New Year celebrations, and even started a Chinese chess club to help other non-native speakers practice their skills.On top of that, Michael composed calligraphic art for residence halls, participated in Chinese poetry competitions, and took additional coursework in Chinese history covering different dynasties. He lived and breathed all things Middle Kingdom everywhere he could on campus.It was no surprise when Michael was awarded several academic scholarships and accolades for his stellar performancein our Chinese program as a non-native speaker. However, he always remained incredibly humble and grounded about his talents in a way I found immensely admirable."I don't deserve all this praise - I'm just a Chinese language fanboy that never outgrew his childhood obsession," he would joke self-effacingly. "Getting to delve deeper into the culture and civilization behind this rich language is reward enough for me."Beyond his language abilities, what struck me most about Michael was how he managed to absorb and synthesize the profound philosophical underpinnings embedded within Chinese culture into his own perspectives on life, relationships, and individual purpose. He approached living with a conscientious mindfulness and regard for harmony that felt distinctly shaped by Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucian thought.Whether pondering life's biggest existential riddles or trying to resolve interpersonal conflicts among friends, Michael drew upon the sagacious wisdom of ancient Chinese thinkers who grappled with those very same struggles. I was constantly in awe of how he could distill those esoteric teachings into pithy yet highly resonant insights about being a good person and leading a meaningful existence."I'm still just a student trying my best to embody the essence of concepts like 'ren,' 'li,' and 'yi' that have been explored by far wiser minds across thousands of years," Michael would say humbly about his striving to live up to the virtues of benevolence, propriety, and integrity.As Michael approached graduation, the prospect of taking that long-awaited Chinese immersion experience across the mainland loomed large. He had exhaustively planned potential backpacking routes, lined up home stays to practice his conversational Mandarin with locals, and researched volunteer opportunities tutoring rural students in English.His dream was to experience the real China by engaging intimately with its people and cultures far beyond the friendly confines of our American campus' Chinese community. Michael craved the opportunity to apply everything he had learned about the language, history, and philosophies to deepen his understanding and reverence for the culture he had grown up idolizing."For as much as I've devoted myself to studying China's past and present, there's no substitute for actually being thereface-to-face trying to navigate and make sense of the immensecomplexities and contradictions of the modern-day Middle Kingdom," he would reflect.Those of us who grew up immersed in Chinese culture could see Michael had not just gained technical fluency in our language, but had gone to impressive lengths integrating holistic familiarity with our customs, perspectives, and philosophies into his personal identity.At the same time, we understood Michael held no illusions about ever being able to acquire intuitive cultural fluency and instincts that come from being ethnically and generationally Chinese. His identities as a Chinese speaker and Chinese culture enthusiast would always be distinct from - but not any less valid than - those of us for whom it was an inextricable part of our heritage.What mattered most was the profound respect, empathy, and openness with which Michael had approached understanding and internalizing the traditions behind the language. He showed what was possible when someone commits themselves wholeheartedly to bridging linguistic and cultural gaps through devoted study, lived experiences, and most importantly, an authentically open-minded and humble spirit.For those of us who knew Michael, it was impossible not to be inspired by his uncommon appreciation for the richness and wisdom of Chinese culture. In helping him celebrate his journey chasing that passion, we gained a newfound outlook into theуніверsal aspects and applications of those age-old philosophies that often get taken for granted when it's just inherited as your native identity.Whenever I find myself doubting the value or contemporary relevance of principle like "中庸之道" or "反求諸己" in ourfast-paced modern world, I think back to Michael. His lifelong love affair with all things Chinese showed us a shining example of the continued resonance and need for those timeless ethical and spiritual guideposts - no matter your cultural background or mother tongue.篇3My Foreign Friend's Love of Learning ChineseAs an international student studying abroad, I've had the incredible opportunity to meet people from all walks of life and forge friendships that transcend borders. One such friendship that has left an indelible mark on me is with Samantha, a vivacious and intellectually curious student from the UnitedStates. What initially drew us together was our shared love for languages and cultures, but it was Samantha's unwavering passion for learning Chinese that truly captivated me.From the moment we met, Samantha's enthusiasm for the Chinese language was palpable. She would regale me with tales of her first encounter with the complex characters and tonal intricacies, describing it as a linguistic odyssey that ignited a fire within her. "It was like unlocking a secret code," she would often remark, her eyes sparkling with excitement. "Each character holds a wealth of history and meaning, and the more I learned, the more I craved to know."Samantha's dedication to mastering Chinese was nothing short of remarkable. She would spend countless hours poring over textbooks, meticulously practicing stroke order and tonal patterns, determined to etch each nuance into her memory. Her commitment extended beyond the classroom walls, as she sought out every opportunity to immerse herself in the language – from watching Chinese dramas to striking up conversations with native speakers on campus.One of the things that struck me most about Samantha's approach was her insatiable curiosity about the cultural context behind the language. She understood that language isinextricably woven into the fabric of a society, and to truly appreciate the depth and beauty of Chinese, one must also embrace the rich tapestry of customs, traditions, and philosophies that have shaped it over millennia.I vividly remember the time we visited a local Chinese calligraphy exhibition, where Samantha was utterly mesmerized by the intricate brushwork and the profound meanings embedded within each composition. She would spend hours deciphering the hidden symbolism, her brow furrowed in intense concentration, determined to unravel the layers of wisdom encoded within the strokes.Samantha's love for Chinese extended far beyond mere academic pursuit; it was a deeply personal journey ofself-discovery and cultural immersion. She would often share with me the sense of fulfillment she derived from connecting with the language, describing it as a gateway to understanding a world vastly different from her own, yet inextricably linked by the universal human experiences of love, loss, and the pursuit of meaning.Her passion was infectious, and I found myself drawn into her orbit, marveling at her ability to embrace the challenges of learning such a complex language with unbridled enthusiasm.Samantha's dedication knew no bounds, and she would often stay up late into the night, practicing her tones and memorizing new characters, fueled by an insatiable thirst for knowledge.Perhaps what struck me most profoundly about Samantha's love for Chinese was her unwavering determination in the face of adversity. Like any language learner, she encountered numerous obstacles along the way – from the seemingly insurmountable task of memorizing thousands of characters to the frustration of tonal misunderstandings. Yet, she never wavered, treating each setback as a learning opportunity and a chance to grow stronger.I remember one particular incident when Samantha had struggled for weeks to master a notoriously difficult grammar pattern. Undeterred, she sought out tutors, attended extra classes, and pored over supplementary materials until, finally, the elusive concept clicked. The look of pure elation on her face when she mastered it was one I will never forget, a testament to the power of perseverance and the joy that comes from overcoming challenges.As our time studying abroad drew to a close, I couldn't help but feel a sense of awe and admiration for Samantha's journey. Her love for Chinese had blossomed into a profound appreciation for the culture, history, and people behind thelanguage. She had not only mastered the intricacies of the written and spoken word but had also gained a deeper understanding of the rich tapestry that is the Chinese civilization.In many ways, Samantha's passion for learning Chinese served as a reminder of the transformative power of language and the invaluable insights it can offer into the human experience. Through her unwavering determination and intellectual curiosity, she had bridged cultural divides and forged connections that transcended borders, proving that language is not merely a means of communication but a gateway to understanding the world around us.As we bid farewell and embarked on new adventures, I knew that Samantha's love for Chinese would continue to shape her personal and professional journey. Her passion had ignited a flame within me, inspiring me to approach language learning with the same fervor and commitment. And though our paths may diverge, the indelible mark she left on me – a testament to the power of language, culture, and unwavering dedication – will forever remain.。

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷二）英语

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷二）英语

2008年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试（全国卷⼆）英语2008年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试（全国卷⼆）英语（说明：⾳标要安装⾳标字体才能正确打开，否则显⽰为乱码。

）本试卷分第⼀卷（选择题）和第⼆卷（⾮选择题）两部分。

第⼀卷1⾄12页。

第⼆卷13⾄16页。

考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡⼀并交回。

第⼀卷第⼀部分英语知识运⽤（共三节，满分50分）从A、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读⾳相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。

例：haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C。

1. course [ ?]A. journey [?? ]B. four [ ? ]C. labour [??]D. hour [ ??]【标准答案】B。

【试题解析】见每个单词后的注⾳。

【⾼考考点】our在重读⾳节中的读⾳辨析。

2. match [?]A. separate [?]B. marry [? ]C. machine[? ]D. many[?]【标准答案】B。

【试题解析】见每个单词后的注⾳。

【⾼考考点】元⾳字母a的读⾳辨析。

3. rise[ ]A. purse [ ?]B. else [?]C. praise [ ]D. mouse[?]【标准答案】C。

【试题解析】见每个单词后的注⾳。

【⾼考考点】辅⾳字母s的读⾳辨析。

4. bathe [?]A. faith [ ]B. cloth [ ]C. maths[ ]D. smooth [?]【标准答案】D。

【试题解析】辅⾳字母组合-th的读⾳辨析。

【⾼考考点】见每个单词后的注⾳。

5. Britain不发⾳A. certain不发⾳B. train[??]C. against[?? ]D. contain[??]【标准答案】A。

【试题解析】见每个单词后的注⾳。

【⾼考考点】元⾳字母组合ai的读⾳辨析。

第⼆节语法和词汇知识（共15⼩题；每⼩题1分，满分15分）从A、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ四个选项中，选出可以填⼊空⽩处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。

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1.凡人皆有得意的日子
2.武装到牙齿
3.杀鸡取卵
4.血浓于水
5.火上浇油
6.画蛇添足
7.不入虎穴，焉得虎子
8.骨瘦如材
9.挥金如土
10.赴汤蹈火
11.虚怀若谷
12.隔墙有耳。

13.事实胜于雄辩。

14.聪明一时，糊涂一时。

15.本末倒置
16.言多必失
17.以眼还眼，以牙还牙
18.闪光的不都是金子
19.掌上明珠
20.对牛弹琴
21.七颠八倒/七上八下/乱七八糟
22.毛骨悚然
23.一言既出，驷马难追。

24.吃一堑，长一智。

25.拍马屁
26.泼冷水
27.时不我待。

28.扭转局势
29.at the end of one’s rope
30.p ut all one’s eggs in one basket
31.Achilles’ heel
32.as fit as a fiddle
33.stand on ceremony
34.to shed crocodile tears
35.A leopard cannot change its spot
1)近朱者赤，近墨者黑。

2)泼冷水。

3)本末倒置。

4)若要人不知，除非己莫为。

5)鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利。

6)赴汤蹈火
7)杯弓蛇影
8)沧海一粟
9)火上浇油
10)不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

11)手忙脚乱
12)血浓于水
13)一丘之貉
14)武装到牙齿
15)画饼充饥
16)闪光的不都是金子
17)事实胜于雄辩
18)过河拆桥
19)龙生龙，凤生凤。

20)进退为难
21)如虎添翼
22)门外汉
23)大发雷霆
24)顺水行舟
25)杀鸡儆猴
26)毛骨悚然
27)差之毫厘，谬以千里。

28)说曹操到，曹操就到。

29)初生牛犊不怕虎。

30)to make hay while the sun shines.
31)Good news goes on crutches; ill news flies apace.
32)to keep one’s head above the water
33)put oneself in someone’s shoes
34)cut corners
35)to meet one’s waterloo。

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