最新中学生百科英语1U1-U2
中学生百科英语1-U2-L2-Why Do People Laugh
U2 - How? Why?: Lesson 2 - Why Do People Laugh?Do you laugh every day? Most people do. Scientists say that people laugh about 17 times a day. That is a lot of laughter.In India, there are hundreds of laughter clubs. The people in these clubs get together every morning. First they stretch their hands above their heads. Then they pretend to laugh. Soon everyone is laughing naturally.People say they feel good after laughing together.Scientists believe that laughter is good for you. Why? For one thing, laughter is good exercise. When you laugh, you exercise many muscles in your body. Scientists say that one hundred laughs equals ten minutes of running. When you laugh, you also breathe deeply. This helps you relax. That's good for you, too.Why do we laugh? That is a hard question to answer. We know that people laugh more often in a group. They don't laugh very often when they are alone. Many scientists believe that we use laughter to connect to other people. Laughter helps us feel part of a group.In English, people say that laughter is the best medicine. Some think that laughter helps sick people get well. Do you think so, too? (194 words)中学生百科英语1-第二单元How? Why? 1。
九年级 Units 1-2 新人教版
【妙辨异同】 by，with与in
接交通工具或用某种方式，名
by
词前不加冠词
with
用……； 通过……
接工具、身体某一部位或器官 的名词，前面一般要加上限定 词
接语言、颜色或某种工具的具
in
体类型、材料等
【温馨提示】 by后接doing；对by介词短语提问用特殊疑问词 how。
2．It's too hard to understand spoken English. 英语口语太难理解了。(Unit 1) 【考点透析】(1)spoken English 固定短语， 意为 “英语口语”。 My spoken English is too poor. 我的英语口语太 差了。
(2)be similar to 固定短语，意为“与……相似”。 Her dress is similar to her sister's. 她的裙子与她妹妹的相似。
同步训练
基础知识过关 一、词汇应用(10分) (一)根据句意及首字母提示完成单词(5分) 1．You must be very patient. It will take you a long time to learn it. 2．The teacher asked Mary to make up a sentence with the word “discover”． 3．The population of this town has increased a lot in the past few years.
类别
新课标要求
重 3.I wonder if they'll have the races again 点 next year. 我想知道他们明年是否再举办 句 比赛。 型 4.I wonder whether June is a good time to 整 visit Hong Kong. 理 我想知道6月是否是游览香港的好时间。
中学生百科英语第一册 Unit1lesson1-5教学内容
Unit1 Lesson 1（01）The kiwiThe kiwi lives only in New Zealand.It is a very strange bird because it cannot fly.The kiwi is the same size as a chicken.It has no wings or tail.It does not have feathers like other birds.Its feathers look like hair.Each foot has four toes.Its beak is very long.A kiwi likes to have a lot of trees around it.It sleeps during the day because the sunlight hurts its eyes.It can smell things very well.It smells things better than most birds do.The kiwi’s eggs are very big.There are only a few kiwis in the New Zealand now.People do not often see them.The government says that people cannot kill kiwis.New Zealanders want their kiwis to live.There is a picture of kiwi on New Zealand money. People from New Zealand are sometimes called“kiwis”(147 words)The CamelThe camel can go without water for a long time. Some people think it store water in its hump.This is not true.It stores food in its hump.The camel’s body changes the food into fat.Then it stores the fat into its hump.It doesn’t store the fat all over its body.Fat all over an animal’s body keeps the animal warm.Camels live in the desert.They do not want to be warm during the day.The desert is very hot.The camel gets hotter and hotter during the day.It stores the heat in its body because the nights are cool.The Arabian camel has one hump.The Bactrian camel of Central Asia has two humps.It also has long,thick hair because winters are cold in Centre Asia.There is a lot of sand in the desert.The camel has long eyelashes.The eyelashes keep the sand out of the camel’s eyes.Arabic has about150words to describe a camel. Many people who speak Arabic need all these words because the camel is very important to them.(185 words)The Polar BearThe polar bear is a very big white bear. We call it the polar bear because it lives inside the Arctic Circle near the North Pole. There are no polar bears at the South Pole.The polar bear lives in the snow and ice. At the North Pole, there is only snow, ice, and water. There is not any land. People cannot see the polar bear in the snow very well because its coat is yellow-white. It has a very warm coat because the weather is cold north of the Arctic Circle.This bear is three meters long, and it weighs450 kilos (kilograms). It can stand up on its back legs because it has very wide feet. It can use its front legs like arms. The polar bear can swim very well. It can swim 120 kilometers out into the water. It catches fish and sea animals for food. It goes into the sea when it is afraid.Some people want to kill the polar bear for its beautiful white coat. The governments of the United States and Russia say that no one can kill polar bears now. They do not wantall of these beautiful animals to die.(200 words)The HippopotamusThe hippopotamus, or hippo, lives in the hot part of Africa. It is a mammal. That is, its babies are born alive, and they drink milk from the mother's body.The hippopotamus is a large animal. It weighs four tons. Its stomach is seven meters long, and it eats only plants. It is a mammal, but it spends a lot of time in the water.During the day, it sleeps beside a river or a lake. Sometimes it wakes up. Then it goes under the water to get some plants for food. It can close its nose and stay under water for ten minutes. Its ears, eyes, and nose are high up on its head. It can stay with its body under the water and only its ears, eyes, and nose above the water. Then it can breathe the air.At night, the hippo walks on the land and looks for food. It never goes very far from the water.A baby hippo often stands on its mother’s back. The mother looks for food underwater. The baby rides on her back above the water.(184 words)Unit1 Lesson 5（05）The DolphinCan dolphins talk? Maybe they can't talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds. Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a "school." They don't study, but they travel together. Dolphins are mammals, not fish, but they swim together in a school. Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say "Welcome" when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play.They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because the sounds are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them.Sometimes people catch dolphins for a large aquarium.(An aquarium is a zoo for fish.) People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins don't like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely.There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody's life. Dolphin meat is good, but people don't like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.(201 words)。
中学生百科英语1-U2-L5 - How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk
U2 -How? Why?: Lesson 5 -How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk?Hearing-impaired people cannot hear sounds well. How do they "hear" words?Many hearing-impaired people use sign language. They talk with their hands. Two hearing-impaired people can talk to each other. They both use sign language. Sometimes a person who can hear interprets for hearing-impaired people. The person listens to someone talking, and then he or she makes hand signs.There are two kinds of hand signs. Some hand signs are for whole words. For example, there is one hand sign for the word love. There are hand signs for different actions, things, and ideas. Some of the signs are very easy, for example, the signs for eat, milk, and house. You can see what they mean. Others are more difficult, for example, the signs for star, egg, and week.The second kind of hand sign is fingerspelling. In fingerspelling, there is a sign for every letter in the alphabet. For example, to fingerspell the word love, a person makes four different signs. It is much slower to fingerspell, but it is useful for signing names and technical words. People can use both kinds of hand signs together.Each country has its own sign language. For example, American Sign Language (ASL) is very different from British Sign Language. Using signlanguage is almost like a dance. The whole body talks. Sign languages are beautiful. (223 words)。
中学生百科英语
中学生百科英语中学生百科英语2:Thoughts& Notions01 The Zipper02 The Postage Stamp03 Pencils and Pens04 The Umbrella05 The Metric System06 Thai Boxing07 Sumo Wrestling08Tarahumara Foot Races09 Olympic Sports10 Greatathletes11 The Puffer Fish12 Foods from Around the World13 Chocolate14 The Blue Revolution15 Twenty-One Days Without Food16 The Marie Celeste17 The Roanoke Settlement18 The Easter Island Statues19 The Tunguska Fireball20Mystery of the Monarchs21 The History of Money22 Mass Marketing23 Inflation24 Doing Business Around the World25 Credit Cards1 The ZipperThe zipper is a wonderful invention. How did people ever livewithout zippers?They are very common, so we forget that they are wonderful. They are very strong,but they open and close very easily. They come in many colors and sizes.In the 1890s, people in the United States wore high shoes with a long row of buttons. Clothes often had rows of buttons, too. People wished that clothes were easier to put on and take off.Whitcomb L. Judson, an engineer from the United States, invented the zipper in 1893. However, his zippers didn't stay closed very well. This was embarrassing, and people didn't buy many of them. Then Dr. Gideon Sundback from Sweden solved this problem. His zipper stayed closed.A zipper has three parts: 1.Thereare dozens of metal or plastic hooks (called teeth) in two rows. 2. These hooks are fastened to two strips of cloth. The cloth strips are flexible. They bend easily. 3. A fastener slides along and joins the hooks together.When it slides the other way, it takes the hooks apart.Dr. Sundback put the hooks on strips of cloth. The cloth holds all the hooks in place. They don't come apart very easily. This solved the problem of the first zippers.(212 words)2 The Postage StampBefore the invention of the postage stamp, it was difficult to send a letter to another country. The sender paid for the letter to travel in his or her own country.Then the person in the other country paid for the rest of the trip. If a letter crossed several countries, the problem was worse.Rowland Hill, a British teacher, had the idea of a postagestamp with glue on the back. The British post office made the first stamps in 1840. They were the Penny Black and the Twopence Blue. A person bought a stamp and put it on a letter. The post office delivered the letter. When people received letters, they didn't have to pay anything. The postage was prepaid.Postage stamps became popular in Great Britain immediately. Other countries started making their own postage stamps very quickly.There were still problems with international mail. Some countries did not want to accept letters with stamps from other countries. Finally, in 1874, a German organized the Universal Postal Union (UPU). Each country in the UPU agreed to accept letters with prepaid postage from the other members. Today, the offices of the UPU are in Switzerland. Almost every country in the world is a member of this organization. It takes care of any international mail problems.Today, post offices in every country sell beautiful stamps. Collecting stamps is one of the most popular hobbies in the world, and every stamp collector knows about the Penny Black and the Twopence Blue.(250 words)3 Pencils and PensNo one knows who invented pencils or when it happened. A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood with lead inside it. (Lead is a very heavy, soft, dark gray metal.) Pencils weren't popular, and people continued to write with pens. They used bird feathers as pens.Then, in 1795, someone started making pencils from graphite, and they became very popular. Graphite is like coal. (Coal is black, and we burn it for heat and energy.) Today, peoplemake pencils in the same way. They grind the graphite, make it into the shape of a stick, and bake it. Then they put it inside a piece of wood. One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long.People wrote with feather pens and then used pens with metal points. They had to dip the point into ink after every few letters. Next, someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink inside it. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again.Two Hungarian brothers, Ladislao and Georg Biro, invented the ballpoint pen.They left Hungary and started making ballpoint pens in England in 1943, during World War II. English pilots liked the pens. They couldn't write with fountain pens in airplanes because the ink leaked out. Later, a French company called Bic bought the Biros' company.Some people call ballpoint pens "Bics." Australians call them "biros." Whatever we call them, we use them every day.(256 words)4 The UmbrellaThe umbrella is a very ordinary object. It keeps the rain and the sun off people.Most umbrellas fold up, so it is easy to carry them.However, the umbrella has not always been an ordinary object. In the past, it was a sign of royalty or importance. Some African tribes still use umbrellas in this way.Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person.Umbrellas are very old. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there, umbrellas traveled to India, Persia,and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, men wouldn't use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women.When the Spanish explorers went to Mexico, they saw the Aztec kings using umbrellas. English explorers saw Native American princes carrying umbrellas on the east coast of North America. It seems that people in different parts of the world invented umbrellas at different times.England was probably the first country in Europe where ordinary people used umbrellas against the rain. England has a rainy climate, and umbrellas are very useful there.Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you carry one, remember that for centuries only great men and women used them. Perhaps you are really a king or queen, a princess or prince.(210 words)5 The Metric SystemPeople all over the world use grams, kilograms (kilos), meters, and liters. These are all ways to measure things. They are all part of the metric system.During the French Revolution (1789-1799) against the king, the revolutionary government started the metric system. Before that, every part of France had a different system for measuring things. Also, cloth makers measured cloth with one system. Jewelers used another system. Carpenters used another. Other countries used different systems. The revolutionary government wanted one scientific system of measurement. They asked a group of scientists and mathematicians to invent a system.The mathematicians and scientists decided to use the numbers ten, hundred, and thousand for their system.Next, they had to decide on a "natural" length. They chose one ten-millionth (1/ 10,000,000) of the distance from theequator to the North Pole. They called this distance the meter. Then they chose the gram for weighing things. A cubic centimeter of water weighs 1 gram.Mathematicians and scientists worked for 20 years until they finally had a complete measuring system. The biggest problem was measuring the meter.The metric system was a wonderful gift to the world. There are only a few countries that don't use it. The United States is one. The metric system is truly an international system.(214 words)6 Thai BoxingBoxing is popular in many countries. Two fighters wear boxing gloves on their hands. The boxers hit each other until one is knocked out or until the final bell rings.Each part of the fight is three minutes long. It is called a round.Thai boxing is different.The boxing match begins with music. Then the two fighters kneel and pray to God. Next, they do a slow dance that copies the movements of Thai boxing. During this dance, each fighter tries to show the other that he is best.Then the fight begins. In Thai boxing, the fighters can kick with their feet and hit each other with their elbows and knees. Of course, they hit with their hands, too.Each round is three minutes long. Then the boxers have a two-minute rest. Most boxers can fight only five rounds because this kind of fighting is very difficult.Thai boxing began over 500 years ago. If a soldier lost his weapons in a battle, he needed to fight with just his body. The soldiers learned how to use all the parts of their bodies. In 1560,the Burmese army captured Naresuen, the King of Thailand, in a war. King Naresuen was a very good boxer. He won his freedom from Burma by defeating all the best Burmese fighters. When he returned to Thailand, his people were very proud of him. Thai boxing became a popular sport.(237 words)7 Sumo WrestlingSumo wrestling is a national sport in Japan. Every year there are six tournaments,and millions of Japanese watch them on television. A tournament is a series of matches.Sumo is almost as old as the nation of Japan itself. Stories say that there was sumo wrestling over 2,000 years ago. There are written records of national sumo tournaments in the 8th century.In many sports, athletes are thin and can move very quickly. However, sumo wrestlers weigh from 100 to 160 kilos (kilograms). One famous wrestler weighed 195kilos. Sumo wrestlers do not move quickly, and sumo wrestling is a very slow sport.Sumo wrestlers start training when they are boys. They exercise to make their bodies strong. They also eat a lot.They wrestle in a round ring with a sand floor. A wrestler loses the match if he leaves the ring. He is also the loser if any part of his body except his feet touches the floor. Each wrestler tries to push the other down on the floor or out of the ring.Sometimes one wrestler just steps aside when the other wrestler rushes toward him.Then, the wrestler who is rushing falls down or moves out of the ring.Sumo is not very popular in other countries, but the Japanese think that it is a very exciting sport.(223 words)8Tarahumara Foot RacesThe Tarahumara live in the mountains in the state of Chihuahua in northern Mexico. This is an area of high mountains and deep tropical valleys. It sometimes snows in the mountains in winter. There are not many roads.The Tarahumara walk wherever they need to go. They carry heavy baskets on their backs. Perhaps this is why the Tarahumara can run many kilometers without getting tired. They are excellent runners, and they like to organize races.When the men race,they kick a wooden ball ahead of them while they run. Before they start racing, they plan where and how long they will run. They might run just a few minutes, or they might run for several hours. Sometimes they run in teams, and sometimes each person runs as an individual.The women's races are similar except that the women do not kick a ball. They throw a wooden hoop in front of them with a stick. A hoop is a ring, or a circle.The Tarahumara play other games and sports. However, they are famous because they can run so fast and so far.(185 words)9 Olympic SportsThe first modern Olympic Games took place in Athens, Greece, in the year 1896.Athletes from only 13 countries participated in the Games that year. They competed in 43 different events in just 9 sports (track and field, swimming, cycling, fencing,gymnastics, shooting, tennis, weight lifting, and wrestling). In 2004, the summer Olympic Games took place once again in Athens, Greece. This time athletes from 202 countries competed in 300 events in 28 sports.Only five sports have been in every Olympic Games. They are track and field,swimming, fencing, cycling, and gymnastics. Other sports come and go in the Olympic Games. For example, tennis was an Olympic sport from 1896 until 1924.Then it disappeared from the Olympics until 1988. Baseball, badminton, and taekwondo are more recent additions to the Olympic Games.It is the job of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to add and remove sports from the Olympic Games. A sport has to be popular in at least 50 countries on three continents before it can be added. However, the IOC doesn't want to add more sports to the Olympic Games without eliminating others. The IOC is afraid that there will be too many sports in the Olympics.Artistic events were also a part of the Olympic Games from 1912 to 1948. There were contests in architecture, music, literature, and painting. Today some people think that artistic events and games such as chess should be part of the Olympics.However, many people oppose this idea.The Olympic Games today are very different from the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. These differences reflect the changing definition and popularity of sports.(273 words)10 Great AthletesYou might think that Olympic athletes are the healthiest people in the world. It's true that many are. However, it's also true that quite a few Olympic athletes had to overcome illnesses early in their lives.One excellent example is Wilma Rudolph. She competed in track-and-field events in the 1960 Olympics. She didn't win just one gold medal. She won three. At the time, people called her"the fastest woman in the world."As a young child, Wilma Rudolph could not participate in sports. She had a series of serious illnesses, and then, at the age of 4, she got polio. She lost the use of her left leg, and the doctors said she would never walk again.The people in Rudolph's family did everything they could to help her walk again.Wilma and her mother frequently traveled 100 miles to get treatments for her leg. Her brothers and sisters took turns giving her leg a daily massage. Four times a day, they helped her do special exercises for her leg. Amazingly, by the time Rudolph was 9years old, she was able to walk again. Before long, she started playing basketball and running. In high school, she was a track star, and then she went to the Olympics.Wilma Rudolph retired from her career as a runner when she was 22 years old.She then became a teacher and track coach. Her story encouraged many people to work hard and to overcome difficulties.(244 words)11The Puffer FishMost people avoid eating dangerous foods. They don't want to get sick. However,there is one food that can be deadly, yet some people eat it on purpose. It's called the puffer fish.This kind of fish, called fugu in Japanese, lives in the Pacific Ocean. Some people die every year from eating fugu. In fact, the Emperor of Japan is not allowed to touch it. Why? Well, the insides of the puffer fish are very poisonous. They contain a poison 275 times more powerful than the deadly poison cyanide.Usually nothing bad happens when fugu is on a restaurant'smenu. Customers feel great after the meal. That's because chefs are trained to remove the insides of the puffer fish before they give it to customers. If they miss even a small amount, the fish is not safe to eat.Puffer fish is very expensive. A plate of fugu costs more than $200 in some restaurants in Tokyo. Besides being dangerous to eat, the fish is very ugly, with spines all over its body. Also, it can puff, or blow, itself up to double its normal size.Why do the Japanese risk so much for such an ugly and dangerous fish? Well, some people like taking risks. And fugu tastes wonderful.(211 words)12 Foods from Around the WorldFoods that are well known to you may not be familiar to people from other countries. T ourists and other travelers almost always get to try some unfamiliar food.That is part of the fun of traveling. Here are four people's experiences with foreign food.Shao Wong is a student in France. He comes from China. "I never had cheese or even milk before I came to France. Cattle are rare in my part of China, so there are no dairy products. I drank some milk when I first arrived in France. I hated it ! I tried cheese, too, but I didn't like it. I love ice cream, though, and that's made from milk."Birgit is from Sweden. She traveled to Australia on vacation. "I was in a restaurant that specialized in fish, and I heard some other customers order flake. So I ordered some, too, and it was delicious. Later, I found out that flake is an Australian term for shark. Now, whenever I see a new food, I try it on purpose. You know why? I remember how much I enjoyed flake."Chandra is a dentist in Texas. She is from India. "I'm afraid totry new foods because they might contain beef. I'm a Hindu, and my religion forbids me to eat meat from the cow. That's why I can't eat hamburgers or spaghetti with meatballs."Nathan is from the United States. He taught for a year in China. "My friends gave me some 100-year-old eggs to eat. I didn't like their appearance at all. The eggs were green inside, but my friends said the color was normal. The Chinese put chemicals on fresh eggs. Then they bury them in the earth for three months. So the eggs weren't really very old. Even so, I didn't want to touch them."Life in a new country can be scary, but it also can be fun. Would you eat a 100-year-old egg? Would you order shark in a restaurant?(328 words)13 ChocolateWe think of chocolate as something sweet. However, a long time ago, people thought of chocolate as something very bitter. For us, chocolate is a candy, but once it was a medicine. Today, chocolate can be a hot drink, a frozen dessert, or just a snack.Sometimes it's an ingredient in the main course of a meal. Mexicans make a hot chocolate sauce called mole and pour it over chicken. The Mexicans also eat chocolate with spices like chili peppers.Chocolate is a product of the tropical cacao tree. Cacao beans taste so bitter that even monkeys say "ugh!" and run away. The word chocolate comes from a Mayan word. The Mayas were an ancient people who once lived in Mexico. They valued the cacao tree. Some of the Mayas used cacao beans for money, while others ground them to make a bitter drink.When the Spaniards came to Mexico in the 16th century,they started drinking cacao, too. Because the drink was strong and bitter, they thought it was a medicine.When the Spaniards took the drink back to Europe, people discovered that sugar removed the bitter taste of cacao. Wealthy Spaniards heated the sweet drink and thought that it was good for their health.In the 19th century, an English company made the first solid block of sweetened chocolate. Now people could both drink and eat chocolate. Later, a Swiss company mixed milk and chocolate together. People liked the taste of milk chocolate even better.Besides the chocolate candy bar, one of the most popular American snacks is the chocolate-chip cookie. Favorite desserts are chocolate cream pie and, of course, an ice cream sundae with hot fudge sauce.(280 words)14 The Blue RevolutionThe population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2020, there could be 7.5billion people on earth. Will there be enough food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could solve this problem.However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems.Fish farming is not a new thing. There were fish farms in China 3,000 years ago.Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms.Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp,tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on processed food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The supply of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could become extinct. What will we do then?Critics of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans.They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also criticize fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish.Some people say that the farming methods being used now won't produce enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries are already experimenting with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean.Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to feed millions of people.At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment.(307 words)15 Twenty-One Days Without FoodWhy would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives.Why is this?Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States weren't allowed to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting would bring attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country's need for independence. For 21days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was to bring attention to the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States.Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, which is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists.Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just because it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. Whenever he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered fasting after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast lasted for 12 days.During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away.Sinclair said that fasting also made him more alert and energetic.Choosing to go without food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn't stop people from fasting for political, religious, or health reasons.(305 words)。
中学生百科英语必背
中学⽣百科英语必背Unit 1The Kiwi1.strange [streind?] adj. 奇怪的2.wing [wi?] n. 翅膀,翼3.tail [teil] n. 尾部4.feather ['fee?] n. ⽻⽑5.each [i:t?] adj. 每个6.beak [bi:k] n. 鸟嘴7.around [?'raund] prep. 在……周围8.sunlight ['s?nlait] n. 阳光9.smell [smel] v. 闻10.kill [kil] v. 杀/doc/1810747066.html ernment ['g?v?nm?nt] n. 政府The Camel1.camel ['k?m?l] n. 骆驼2.without [wie'aut] prep. 没有3.store [st?:] v. 储存4.hump [h?mp] n. 驼峰5.true [tru:] adj. 真实的6.change [t?eind?] v. 改变7.fat [f?t] n. 脂肪8.desert[?dez?t]n. 沙漠9.heat [hi:t] n. 热量10.Arabian [?'reibi?n] adj. 阿拉伯(⼈)的11.Bactrian[?b?ktri?] n. 双峰驼/doc/1810747066.html ['ei??] n. 亚洲13.thick [θik] adj. 厚的14.eyelash [?a?l??]n. 睫⽑15.Arabic ['?r?bik] n. 阿拉伯语16.important [im'p?:t?nt] adj. 重要的17.central [?sentr?l]adj. 中部的The Polar Bear1.polar ['p?ul?] adj. 两极的2.inside ['in'said] adv. 在⾥⾯3.arctic circle ['ɑ:ktik] ['s?:kl]北极圈4.north pole [n?:θ] [p?ul] 北极5.meter ['mi:t?] n. ⽶6.weigh [wei] v. 称重量7.kilogram ['kil?gr?m] n. 千克8.wide [waid] adj. 宽阔的9.afraid [?'freid] adj. 害怕的10.united states [ju'naitid] [steits] n. 美国The Hippopotamus1.hippopotamus [hip?'p?t?m?s] n. 河马2.Africa ['?frik?] n. ⾮洲3.mammal ['m?m?l] n. 哺乳动物4.born [b?:n] adj. 天⽣的5.alive [?'laiv] adj. 活着的6.plant [plɑ:nt] n. 植物/doc/1810747066.html ke [leik] n. 湖8.above [?'b?v] prep. 在...上⾯9.breathe [bri:e] v. 呼吸The Dolphin1.dolphin ['d?lfin] n. 海豚2.sound [saund] n. 声⾳3.feeling ['fi:li?] n. 感觉4.group [gru:p] n. 群5.school [sku:l] n. 鱼群6.together [t?'gee?] adv. ⼀起/doc/1810747066.html rmation [inf?'mei??n] n. 信息8.scientist ['sai?ntist] n. 科学家9.tape [teip] n. 录⾳带10.aquarium [?'kw?ri?m] n. ⽔族馆11.lonely ['l?unli] adj. 孤独的;寂寞的12.save [seiv] v. 解救13.life [laif] n. ⽣命14.luck [l?k] n. 运⽓U2Why Do We Yawn?1. yawn [j?:n] v. 打呵⽋2. quickly [?kw?kli] adv. 快地3. contagious [k?n?te?d??s] adj. 有传染性的4. bored [b?:d] adj. ⽆聊的5. might [ma?t] aux. 可能精品⽂档6. however [ha??ev?(r)] adv. 然⽽7. excited [?k?sa?t?d] adj. 感到兴奋的8. race [re?s] n. 赛跑9. alert[??l?:t]adj. 警觉的；警惕的10. deeply[?di:pli]adv. 在深处11. stretch [stret?] v. 伸展; 延伸12. muscle [?m?sl] n. 肌⾁Why Do People Laugh？1. laugh [lɑ:f]v. ⼤笑2. club [kl?b] n. 社团3. pretend [pr??tend] v. 假装4. soon [su:n] adv. 马上5. naturally [?n?t?r?li]adv. ⾃然地6. exercise [?eks?sa?z] n. 练习v. 锻炼7. equal [?i:kw?l] adj. 平等的v. 等于8. relax [r??l?ks] v. （使）放松9. hard [hɑ:d]adj. 硬的; 困难的; 努⼒的; adv. 努⼒地; 猛⼒地; 严重地10. connect [k??nekt] v. 连接11. well [wel] adv. 好地; adj.健康的Why Is The Sea Salty?1. salt [s?:lt] n. 盐2. Earth [?:θ] n. 地球3. mix [m?ks] v. 混合4. ocean [n] n. 海洋5. carry [?k?ri] v. 携带6. move [mu:v] v. 移动7. cloud [kla?d] n. 云8. evaporate [??v?p?re?t] n. 蒸发9. percent [p?'sent] n. 百分之⼀10. famous [?fe?m?s] adj. 著名的How Can A Plant Kill?1. enemy [?en?mi] n. 敌⼈2. kind [ka?nd] n. 种类3. poisonous [?p??z?n?s] adj. 有毒的4. grow [gr??] v. ⽣长；种植5. tropics ['tr?p?ks] n. 热带地区6. expensive [?k?spens?v] adj. 贵的7. cheap [t?i:p] adj. 便宜的8. collect [k??lekt] v. 收集9. instead of [?n?sted]adv. 代替How Do Many Hearing-Impaired People Talk?1. hearing-impaired [?m?pe?d] adj. 受损的2. sign [sa?n] n. 符号3. each other 彼此4. both [b??θ] pron. 两者都5. interpret [?n?t?:pr?t] v. 解释6. whole [h??l] adj. 全部的；完整的U3The Date Palm1. date [de?t] n. 海枣2. palm [pɑ:m] n. 棕榈树3. wonderful [?w?nd?fl] adj. 美妙的4. feed [fi:d] v. 喂养5. leaf [li:f] n. 叶⼦6.wood [w?d] n. ⽊材7. burn [b?:n] v. 燃烧8. stone [st??n] n. ⽯头9. museum [mju?zi:?m] n. 博物馆The Water Hyacinth1. hate [he?t] v. 恨2. disease [d??zi:z] n. 疾病3. crop [kr?p] n. 农作物4. machine [mi:n] n. 机器5. fertilizer [?f?:t?la?z?(r)] n. 肥料6. energy [?en?d?i] n. 能量7. Methane [?mi:θe?n] n. 甲烷，沼⽓Rice1. even [?i:vn]adv. 甚⾄2. probably [?pr?b?bli] adv. ⼤概3. soil [s??l] n. 泥⼟4. insect [??nsekt] n. 昆⾍5. broom [bru:m] n. 扫帚6. rug [r?g] n. ⼩块地毯7. sandal [?s?ndl]n. 凉鞋8. roof [ru:f] n. 屋顶Oranges1. section [?sek?n] n. 部分2. seed [si:d] n. 种⼦3. skin [sk?n] n. ⽪肤；果⽪4. shiny [??a?ni] adj. 发光的5. wild [wa?ld] adj. 野外的6. raise [re?z] v. 种植7. around [??ra?nd] adv. ⼤约8. Spanish [?sp?n??] n. 西班⽛⼈The Coffee Plant1. chance [t?ɑ:ns] n. 机会2. Brazil [br??z?l] n. 巴西3. Indonesia [??nd??'ni:zj?] n. 印尼4. Ivory Coast [?aiv?ri?k?ust] 象⽛海岸（⾮洲）5. Ethiopia [?i:θ?'??p??] n. 埃塞俄⽐亚（⾮洲东部国家）6. produce [pr??dju:s] v. 产⽣7. typically [?t?p?kli] adv. 通常; 典型地8. protect [pr??tekt] v. 保护9. modern [?m?dn] adj. 现代的10. unfortunately [?n?f?:t??n?tli] adv. 不幸地U4Music and Behaviour1. affect [??fekt] v. 影响2. behave [b??he?v] v. 表现; 举⽌端正3. classical [?kl?s?kl] adj. 古典的4.background [?b?kgra?nd] n. 背景5. loud [la?d] adj. 响亮的，⼤声的6. chew [t?u:] v. 咀嚼7. careful [?ke?fl] adj. 仔细的Blues and Jazz1. slave [sle?v] n. 奴⾪2. century [?sent??ri] n. 世纪3. blues [blu:z] n. 蓝调⾳乐4. Jazz [d??z] n. 爵⼠乐5. express [?k?spres]v. 表达6. instrument [??nstr?m?nt] n. 仪器; 乐器7. guitar [g??tɑ:(r)]n. 吉他8. harmonica [hɑ:?m?n?k?]n. ⼝琴9. composer [k?m?p??z?(r)] n. 作曲家10. add [?d] v. 增加Rock and Roll1. band [b?nd] n. 带; 乐队2. performer [p??f?:m?(r)] n. 表演者3. mixture [?m?kst??(r)] n. 混合；混合物4. fan [f?n] n. 扇⼦；迷5. nervous [?n?:v?s] adj. 紧张的6. record [?rek?:d] n. 唱⽚7. compact disc [k?m?p?kt disk]光盘8. company [?k?mp?ni] n. 公司Country Western music1.cattle [?k?tl] n. (总称) ⽜，牲⼝2. dangerous [?de?nd??r?s] adj. 危险的3. alone [??l??n] adj. 单独的4. calm [kɑ:m]adj. 平静的5. peaceful [?pi:sfl]adj. 和平的6. either [?a?e?(r)] pron. （两者之中）任何⼀个7. violin [?val?n] n. ⼩提琴8. can [k?n] n. 罐⼦Latin Music and Salsa1. common [?k?m?n] adj. 普通的2. enjoy [?n?d] v. 喜欢; 享受; 过得快活3. beat [bi:t] v. 接连地击打4. orchestra [??:k?str?] n. 管弦乐队5. while [wa?l] conj. 在…期间6. roast [r??st] v. 烤7. bake [be?k] v. 烘焙8. oven [??vn] n. 烤箱9. fry [fra?] v. 油炸10. taste [te?st] n. 滋味11. Portuguese [?p?:t?u?gi:z]n. 葡萄⽛语; 葡萄⽛⼈12. international [??nt??n??n?l] adj. 国际的U5Work Hour1. enough [??n?f] adj. ⾜够的2. vary [?ve?ri] v. 变化3. employee [?m?pl??i:] n. 雇⼯4. extra [?ekstr?] adj. 额外的5. earn [?:n] v. 赢得6. overtime [v?ta?m] adv. 超时地; 加班地7. vacation [v??ke??n] n. 假期8. average [??v?r?d?] adj. 平均的9. dull [d?l] adj. 迟钝的Salaries1. salary [?s?l?ri] n. 薪⽔2. private [?pra?v?t] adj. 私有的3. pilot [?pa?l?t] n. 飞⾏员4. profession [pr??fe?n] n. 职业5. waiter [?we?t?(r)] n. 服务员6. benefit [?ben?f?t] n. 利益7. employer [?m?pl(r)] n. 雇主8. health [helθ]n. 健康9. insurance [?nr?ns] n. 保险费10. plus [pl?s] prep. （表⽰运算）加Family-Friendly Companies1. rule [ru:l] n. 规则2. allow [??la?] v. 允许3. flexible [?fleks?bl] adj. 灵活的4. schedule [??edju:l][?sked?u:l] n. 时刻表5. increase [?n?kri:s]v. 增加6. share [?e?(r)] n. 分享7. leave [li:v] v. 离开8. female [?fi:me?l] adj. ⼥性的9. unpaid [??n?pe?d] adj. 未付的10. male [me?l] adj. 男性的Work Clothes1. decision [d??s??n] n. 决定2. uniform [?ju:n?f?:m] n. 制服3. code [k??d] n. 代码；编码4. casual [?k??u?l] adj. 随便的5. comfortable [?k?mft?bl] adj. 舒适的6. special [?spe?l] adj. 特殊的; 专⽤的7. sportswear [?sp?:tswe?(r)] n. 运动装Time Off1. commute [k??mju:t] v. 通勤2. prepare [pr??pe?(r)] v. 准备3. leisure [?le??(r)] n. 闲暇4. obviously [??bvi?sli] adv. 明显地5. channel [?t??nl] n. 频道6. program [?pr??gr?m] n. 程序7. surf [s?:f] v. 冲浪U6The Sami of Northern Europe1. Sami [?s?mi] n. 萨⽶⼈2. Norway ['n?:we?] n. 挪威（欧洲国家）3. Sweden ['swi:dn] n. 瑞典4. Finland ['f?nl?nd] n. 芬兰5. Russia ['r] n. (1917年以前的)俄罗斯帝国6. coast [k??st] n. 海岸7. traditional [tr??dnl] adj. 传统的8. nomad [?n??m?d] n. 游牧民9. reindeer[?re?nd??(r)] n. 驯⿅10. dig [d?g] n. 挖掘11. tent [tent] n. 帐篷12. less [les] adj. 较少的13. skis [ski?] v. 滑雪n. 滑雪板；雪橇14. sled [sled] n. <美>雪撬15. trip [tr?p] n. 旅⾏16. future ['fju?t??(r)] n. 将来17. holiday ['h?l?de?] n. 假⽇The Ainu of Japan1. island ['a?l?nd] n. 岛屿2. Hokkaido [h?'kaid?u] n. 北海道(⽇本第⼆⼤岛)3. wavy ['we?vi] adj. 波浪形的4. mustache [m?'stɑ??] n. ⼩胡⼦5. completely [k?m'pli?tli]adv. 完全地6. hunter ['h?nt?(r)] n. 猎⼈7. religion [r?'l?d??n] n. 宗教8. middle ['m?dl] adj. 中间的；中等的；中期的9. attend [?'tend] v. 出席；参加10. right [ra?t] n. 权利11. promote [pr?'m??t] v. 促进；提升；推销；弘扬12. Ainu ['a?n?] n. 阿伊努⼈13. beard [b??d] n. 胡须14. demand [d?'mɑ?nd]v. 要求15. response [r?'sp?ns] n. 响应The Yanomami of the Amazon1. perhaps [p?'h?ps] adv. 也许；可能2. area ['e?ri?] n. ⾯积；地区3. outsider [?a?t'sa?d?(r)] n. 外⾏；旁观者；局外⼈4. Venezuela [?ven?'zwe?l?] n. 委内瑞拉5. spiritual ['sp?r?t?u?l] adj. 精神的；⼼灵的6. miner ['ma?n?(r)] n. 矿⼯7. logger ['l?ɡ?(r)] n. 樵夫；伐⽊⼯8. noise [n??z] n. 噪声9. polluted [p?'lu?t?d] adj. 被污染的；喝醉的10. die [da?] v. 死11. destroy [d?'str??] v. 破坏12. destruction [d??str?k?n] n. 摧毁; 破坏13. progress ['pr??ɡres] n. 进步14. Yanomami n. 亚诺玛⽶⼈15. Amazon [??m?z?n] n. 亚马逊河（南美洲⼤河）The Hopi of Arizona1. Hopi['h??pi] n. 霍⽪族(北美印第安⼈之⼀族)；2. Arizona n. 亚利桑那(美国州名)3. highway ['ha?we?] n. 公路4. somehow ['s?mha?] adv. 以某种⽅式5. freeze [fri?z] v. 冻结6. blow [bl??] v. 吹7. goat [ɡ??t]n. ⼭⽺8. truck [tr?k] n. 卡车9. Kachina [ke?t'?a?n?] n. 克奇纳神(霍⽪印第安⼈崇拜的祖灵)10. alike [?'la?k] adj. 相似的；同样的11. adult ['?d?lt] n. 成年⼈12. nearby [?n??'ba?] adj. 附近的adv. 在附近The Maori of New Zealand1. Maori ['ma?ri] n. ⽑利⼈；⽑利语adj. ⽑利⼈的；⽑利语的2. Polynesian [?p?l?'ni:z??n] n. 波利尼西亚⼈；波利尼西亚语adj. 波利尼西亚的；波利尼亚⼈(语)的3. arrive [?'ra?v] v. 到达4. over ['??v?(r)] prep. 多于5. war [w??(r)] n. 战争；⽃争6. population [?p?pju'le??n] n. ⼈⼝7. culture ['k?lt??(r)] n. ⽂化；教养8. ceremony ['ser?m?ni] n. 仪式；礼节；典礼9. yearly ['j??li] adj. 每年的adv. 每年地；⼀年⼀次地10. among [?'m??]prep. 在……之中11. competition [?k?mp?'t??n] n. 竞争；⽐赛12. practice ['pr?kt?s] v. 操练n. 操练13. win [w?n] v. 赢；赢得；胜利U8The Polynesians1. explorer [?k?spl?:r?(r)] v. 探险家2. current [?k?r?nt] n. ⽔流3. shell [?el] n. 外壳4. Mongol [?m??g?l] n. 蒙古族⼈5. toward [t?'w?:d] prep. 向；对着6. reach [ri:t?] v. 到达7. invention [?n?ven?n] n. 发明8. sailor [se?l?(r)] n. ⽔⼿9. canoe [k??nu: ] n. 独⽊⾈A Giraffe in Central Asia1. leader [?li:d?(r)] n. 领袖2. ruler [?ru:l?(r)] n. 统治者3. gift [g?ft] n. 礼物；天赋4. ambassador [?m?b?s?d?(r)] n. ⼤使5. jewelry ['d?u:?lr?] n. 珠宝；⾸饰6. gold [g??ld] n. ⾦⼦7. silver [?s?lv?(r)] n. 银⼦8. suppose [s??p??z] n. 认为；假定9. pleased [pli:zd] n. ⾼兴的10. Cairo ['ka??r??] n. 开罗（埃及⾸都）11. Samarkand[?s?m??k?nd] n. 撒马尔罕（乌兹别克东部城市）The First Woman on Mount Qomolangma1. Qomolangma [?t??um?u?lɑ:?m?]n. 珠穆朗玛2. mountain [?ma?nt?n] n. ⼭脉3. Nepal [n?'p?:l] n. 尼泊尔（南亚国家）4. organize [??:g?na?z] v. 组织; 安排5. avalanche [??v?lɑ:n?] n. 雪崩6. injure [??nd??(r)] v. 损害; 伤害（名誉、⾃尊等）7. be able to8. ordinary [??:dnri] adj. 普通的; ⼀般的9. goal [g??l] n. 球门; ⽬标10. environment [?n?va?r?nm?nt] n. 环境The Iditarod Race1. Iditarod n. 艾迪塔罗德精品⽂档2. trail [tre?l] n. 踪迹3. team [ti?m]n. 队；组4. adventurer [?d'vent??r?(r)] n. 冒险者5. musher ['m(r)] n. 赶狗拉雪橇的⼈6. brave [bre?v] adj. 勇敢的7. storm [st??m]n. 暴风⾬8. knee [ni?] n. 膝盖9. below [b?'l??] prep. 低于；在……下⾯10. footprint ['f?tpr?nt] n. 脚印11. shoot [?u?t]v. 发射12. Celsius ['selsi?s] n. 摄⽒Sailing Alone1. supply [s??pla?] n. 供给物2. equipment [??kw?pm?nt] n. 设备3. problem ['pr?bl?m] n. 问题；难题4. engine ['end??n] n. 引擎5. quit [kw?t] v. 退出6. electricity [??lek'tr?s?ti] n. 电7. communicate [k?'mju?n?ke?t] v. 交流8. destination [?dest?'ne??n] n. ⽬的地9. San Francisco [s?n fr?n'sisk?u]n. 旧⾦⼭10. contact [?k?nt?kt] v. n. 接触11. expect [?k?spekt] v. 期望。
U1-U2知识点复习-2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册
八上U1-U2知识点复习（牛津译林版）1.知识目标：学生能够掌握八上U1-U2的单词与句型。
2.技能目标：学生能够掌握形容词比较级用法。
.3.情感目标：学生能够有意识将知识和考点相结合。
考情分析：八年级第一次月考涉及到8AU1-U2内容，考试题型为听力，单项，完型，阅读，信息还原，单词拼写，翻译句子，阅读表达和书面表达这些题型，本节将就近些年来单项选择，完形填空，单词拼写和翻译句子真题进行考点分析，作为第一次月考考前准备内容。
Part1：单选考点梳理1.冠词常考点：（1）come+序数词（序数词前需要免冠），意为名列第...（2）honest/useful前冠词分别用an和a。
（此处需要注意honest虽然是辅音字母开头，但是发音为元音，用不定冠词an修饰，而useful则相反，用不定冠词a 来修饰），如：an honest boy/a useful book.2.形容词考点：(1)be generous/kind to sb 对某人慷慨/善良(2)带-ed和带-ing形式形容词区别：带-ed的形容词含义一般为（人）感到...一般修饰人，而带-ing的形容词含义一般为令人....的，如：I feel excited at this exciting news.（3）the +比较级，the+比较级用法用“the+比较级(+主+谓)，the+比较级(+主+谓)”来表示“越……，越……”。
如：The busier I am，the happier feel．我越忙就越高兴。
【考试题型】翻译，单选1.作为一个老师，你越有耐心，你就越受欢迎。
____________________________________________.2._________you are,_________mistakes you will make.A.More careful,fewerB.Most careful,fewestC.The more careful,the fewerD.The most careful,the fewest3.The cleaner said, “______things we do,_____ environment we’ll have.”A.More; betterB.The more; the betterC.Fewer ; The lessD.The fewer; better【答案】1.As a teacher,the more patient you are,the more popular you will be .2.C.3.B.（4）比较级+than+any other+名词单数以及比较级+than+the other+名词复数表达形容词最高级用法：用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”或者用“比较级+the other+复数名词的结构来表示“比任何其他的……都……”来表达最高级含义。
Unit1--2知识点2021-2022学年人教版英语九年级全册
Unit1 How can we become good learner?一、单词1.textbook n.课本(C)text n.课文2.conversation n.交谈(C)have conversations with sb和某人交谈3.aloud adv.大声地，出声地loudly adv.大声地(含嘈杂之意) loud adj.大声的read aloud大声读Don’t knock loudly.不要大声敲门4.pronunciation n.发音pronounce v.发音practice pronunciation练习发音5.sentence n.句子(C)word n.单词phrase n.短语paragraph n.段落passage n.文章6.patient n.病人adj.耐心的be patient with sb对...有耐心7.expression n.表情；表达express v.表达express our love to parents向父母表达爱8.discover v.发现(本来就有被人发现了) discovery n.发现(C)invent v.发明(无中生有)find v.找到9.secret n.秘密(C)keep a secret保守秘密the secret to success成功的秘诀10.grammar n.语法grammar focus语法聚焦11.repeat v.重复Repeat after me.跟我复述12.note n.笔记，记录(C)take notes记笔记13.pal n.伙伴(C)pen pal笔友14.physics n.物理physical adj.身体的chemistry n.化学English n.英语Chinese n.语文math n.数学history n.历史geography n.地理biology n.生物15.memorize v.记住memory n.记忆a good/bad memory记忆力好/坏16.pattern n.模式，方式(C)sentence patterns句型17.increase v.增加increase my reading speed提高阅读速度18.speed n.速度v.加速at a speed of以...速度19.partner n.搭档(C）20.ability n.能力(C)have the ability to do有能力做某事21.create v.创造creative adj.有创造力的creativity n.创造力22.brain n.大脑(C)23.active adj.积极的activity n.活动(C)take an active part in积极参加24.review v.n.复习25.knowledge n.知识(U)26.lifelong adj.终身的lifelong education终身教育27.wisely adv.明智地wise adj.明智的make a decision wisely明智地做决定a wise decision一个明智的决定二、重点短语1.look up查阅；抬头看look it up(代词放中间)2.be born with天生具有be born in出生在某地3.pay attention to注意4.connect A with B把...连接5.by doing通过做某事6.ask sb for sth向某人寻求某物7.listen to tapes听磁带8.study for a test为了测试而学习9.spoken English口语英语10.have to do不得不做某事11.finish doing完成做某事12.give a report做报道13.word by word逐字地day by day一天天地one by one一个个地14.try to do尽力做某事try doing尝试做某事15.more than多于less than少于16.most of the time大多数时间17.be afraid to do害怕做某事18.because of+短语由于，因为19.fall in love with爱上20.begin doing/to do开始做某事21.key words关键词22.main idea大意23.at first起初，最开始24.want to do想做某事25.practice doing练习做某事26.do exercises做习题27.keep a diary写日记28.make mistakes(in)犯错29.depend on依赖；取决于30.learning habits学习习惯31.have sth in common有共同之处32.be interested in对..感兴趣33.need to do需要做某事34.get bored变得无聊35.be good at擅长于36.keep doing坚持做37.write down写下38.explain sth to sb向某人解释某事39.each other相互40.find out弄清，查明三、重点句型及语法1.征求意见What/How about listening to tapes?=Why not listen to tapes?=Why don’t you listen to tapes?=Let’s listen to takes.2.too+adj/adv+to do“太...而不能”It’s too hard for me to understand him.=It’s so hard that I can’t understand him.=It’s not easy enough for me to understandhim.3.The+比较级，the+比较级“越...就越...”The more you read,the faster you will be.4.it做形式宾语He found it difficult to learn English.I think it important to learn English well.5.动名词做主语(谓语单词用单数)Listening to something interesting is thesecret to language learning.Eating vegetables is good for you.6.辨析“也”too肯定句句尾加逗号either否定句句尾加逗号as well肯定句句尾不加逗号also肯定句句中I like English movies,too.I don’t like English movies,either.I like English movies as well.I also like English movies.7.辨析“加入”join+组织join an English clubjoin+sb join usjoin in=take part in+活动join in the game8.状语从句条件状语从句：if,unless(主将从现)If it doesn’t rain,we will go shopping.=We will go shopping unless it rains.结果状语从句：so...that...She spoke so quickly that I didn’tunderstand her.目的状语从句：so that...I get up early so that I can catch the bus.让步状语从句：though,although,evenif,even though(无but)Although he is rich,he isn’t happy.9.谚语Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧Use it or lose it.用进废退It’s a piece of cake.小菜一碟It serves you right.自作自受10.by doing通过做某事---How do you study English?---I study English by listening to tapes.---I study English by working with my friends.---I study English by making word Unit2 I think that mooncakes are delicious.四、单词16.mooncake n.月饼(C)ntern n.灯笼(C)the Lantern Festival元宵节(2.26)the Water Festival泼水节(4.13)the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节the Dragon Boat Festival龙舟节the Spring Festival春节Mother’s Day母亲节(5月第二个周日) Father’s Day父亲节(6月第三个周日) Halloween万圣节(11.1)Easter复活节Christmas圣诞节(12.25)18.stranger n.陌生人(C)strange adj.陌生的；奇怪的19.relative n.亲戚(C)20.pound n.英镑；磅(C)21.folk adj.民间的folk arts民间艺术22.whoever pron.无论谁疑问词+ever=no matter+疑问词23.steal-stole-stolen v.偷窃steel钢铁24.dessert n.甜点(C)desert n.沙漠25.tradition n.传统traditional adj.传统的traditional folk stories传统民间故事26.admire v.欣赏，仰慕admire sb=look up to sb仰慕某人27.tie n.v.领带；捆绑tie up sth把...系牢28.haunted adj.闹鬼的h+aunt+ed(死去的姑姑又坐在了椅子上)ghost n.鬼魂(C)(鬼魂勾死他)14.trick n.花招，把戏(C)play a trick on sb戏弄某人15.treat n.v.招待；治疗treat sb with sth用...招待某人It’s my treat.我请客Trick or treat.不招待就捣乱treat sb as...把某人视为16.novel n.小说17.spider n.蜘蛛(C）spiderman 蜘蛛侠18.lie-lay-lain v.躺，位于lie down躺下19.dead adj.死亡的die(v.)-death(n.)-dead(adj.)-dying(adj.)死-死亡-死亡的-奄奄一息的20.business n.生意businessman n.商人on business出差It’s none of your business.不关你事28.punish v.惩罚punishment n.惩罚punish sb=sb be punished惩罚某人29.warn v.警告warn sb not to do警告某人不做某事30.present n.礼物(gift);现在at present目前，当下31.warmth n.温暖warm adj.温暖的五、重点短语41.put on 穿上；增肥y out摆放，布置43.on Christmas Eve在圣诞前夕44.end up以...告终45.a little=a bit有点46.three meals a day一日三餐47.be similar to和...相似48.shoot down射下49.plan to do计划做某事50.refuse to do拒绝做某事51.give sth to sb=give sb sth给某人某物52.share sth with sb和某人分享某物53.a good time to do做某事的好时间54.One...,the other...一个，另一个55.dress up as装扮成56.agree with sb同意某人57.the meaning of...的意思the importance of...的重要性the beginning of...的开始58.think about考虑ed to do过去常常60.expect(sb)to do期待做某事61.promise(sb) to do承诺做某事62.decide to do决定做某事63.tell sb to do告诉某人做某事64.remind sb of sth使某人想起65.wake up唤醒；醒来66.in need需要的67.make sb do让某人做某事68.between..and...两者之间69.give out分发70.not only...but also...不但而且六、重点句型及语法1.感叹句What+(a/an)+adj+n+主谓！★★★★★(weather,advice,news,information,food,fun6不可数名词常与感叹句连用，记得不能用a)How+adj/adv+主谓！★★★★★How+主谓！★做题方法：批掉主谓，看前面剩形容词+名词，还是只剩一个形容词或副词What a tall boy he is!What tall boys they are!How tall they are!How I miss you!2.宾语从句作宾语的句子叫宾语从句，宾语从句主要考查引导词、语序、时态、否定前移、简化问题1).引导词宾语从句的引导词分为三类：①引导陈述句用纯连接词that（可省略）。
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Unit one Lesson one: The kiwi第一单元，第一课：无翼鸟The kiwi lives only in NewZealand. It is very strange bird .Because it can not fly.The kiwi is the same size as a chicken.It has no wings or tail.It does not have feathers like other birds.It feathers look like hair.Each foot has four toes.It's beak is very long. A kiwi likes to have a lot of trees around it. It sleeps during the day.Because sunlight hurts its eyes.It can smell things very well.It smells things better than most birds do.The kiwis eggs are very big.There're only a few kiwis in New Zealand now. People do not often see them. The government says that people can not kill kiwis. New Zealanders want their kiwis to live.There is a picture of a kiwi in New Zealand money. People from New Zealand sometimes called "kiwis".无翼鸟住在新西兰，它是一只很奇怪的鸟，因为，它不会飞，无翼鸟跟小鸡的大小相同，它没有翅膀，也没有尾巴，它没有像别的鸟一样的尾巴，它的羽毛看起来很像头发，每只脚都有4个脚指头，它的嘴巴很长。
无翼鸟喜欢周围有很多树。
它白天睡觉，因为，阳光会伤害它的眼睛。
它的嗅觉非常好，它的嗅觉比大多数的鸟要好。
无翼鸟蛋非常大.在新西兰现在只有一些无翼鸟，人们不经常看见它们，政府说人们不能杀死无翼鸟。
新西兰人想要它们的无翼鸟活下去，新西兰的钱上有无翼鸟的图片，住在新西兰的人们有时被叫作无翼鸟。
第一单元第四课河马The hippopotamus河马住在非洲的热的部分，它是哺乳动物，也就是说，它的孩子们生下来是活的，而且，它们喝妈妈身上的牛奶。
The hippopotamus, or hippo, lives in the hot part of Africa, it’s a mammal, that is, its babies are born alive, and they drink milk from their mother’s body.河马是一个很大的动物，河马的重量有四吨，它的胃是7米长，它只吃植物，河马是哺乳动物，但是，它花费很多时间在水里。
The hippopotamus is a large animal. A hippo weighs four tons. Its stomach is seven meters long, it eats only plants. A hippo is a mammal, but, it spends a lot of time in the water.在白天，它睡在河边或睡在湖边，有时，它醒来，然后，它去水底下，得到一些植物当做美餐，它能够闭上鼻子，在水底下呆十分钟，它的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子，都在它头上高的地方。
它能够停留它的身体在水底下，只有它的耳朵、眼睛、鼻子在水上面，然后它可以呼吸空气。
During the day, it sleeps beside a river or a lake. Sometimes, it wakes up. Then it goes under the water to get some plants for food. It can close its nose and stay under water for ten minutes. Its ears, eyes and nose, are high up on its head. It can stay with it’s body under the water, only its ears, eyes and nose above the water, then it can breathe the air.在晚上，河马走在陆地上，而且，寻找食物。
它从不去远离水的地方At night, hippo walks on the land and looks for food. It never goes very far from the water.一个小河马，经常站立在妈妈的背上，妈妈在水底下寻找食物，小河马骑在她的背上，在水上。
A baby hippo often stands on its mother’s back, the mother looks for food under the water, the baby hippo rides on her back above the water.第一单元第五课海豚The Dolphin海豚会说话吗？可能它们不会用语言说话，但是它们可以用声音说话，它们用声音来表达它们的感情。
Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can’t talk with words, but they can talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds.海豚成群结队的去旅行。
我们把一群鱼叫做一所学校，它们不学习，但是它们一起旅行，海豚是哺乳动物，不是鱼，但是它们在学校一起游泳。
Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish “a school”. They don’t study, but they travel together. Dolphins are mammals, not fish, but they swim together in the school.海豚跟在学校里其他的海豚说话。
它们给信息，它们说当在它们高兴或者伤心或者害怕的时候，它们说”欢迎”当一只海豚回到学校的时候，它们玩的时候说话。
Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information, they tell when they are happy or sad or afraid, they say “welcome” when a dolphin comes back to the school, they talk when they play.它们在水上面弄出一些声音。
它们在水下面弄出更多的声响。
人们不能听到这些声音，因为，声音很大很大，科学家录出声音的磁带和研究磁带。
They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People can’t hear these sounds because the sounds are very very high. Scientists make tapes of sounds and study these tapes.有时人们抓到海豚放在很大的水族馆（一个水族馆是个鱼的动物园），人们看演出能够看见海豚。
海豚不喜欢远离水族馆里面它们的学校，它们很伤心也很孤独。
Sometimes people catch dolphins for a large aquarium( an aquarium is a zoo for fish”. People can watch dolphins in a show. Dolphins don’t like to be away from their school in the aquarium. They are very sad and lonely.有很多关于海豚的故事，它们帮助过人们。
有时它们救命某人生命，海豚的肉很好吃，但是人们不喜欢杀死海豚。
它们说海豚带来好运气，很多人相信这个。
There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody’s life. Dolphin meat is very good, but people don’t like to kill dolphins. They say dolphins bring good luck, many people believe this.二单元第一课我们为什么打哈欠Why do we yawn?熊打哈欠，骆驼打哈欠，很多哺乳动物也打哈欠。
我们为什么要打哈欠？实际上没有一个人知道答案。
Bears yawn, camels yawn, most mammals yawn. Why do we yawn.? No one really knows the answer.我们知道每一个人打哈欠的方法都是一样的，首先你慢慢的张开嘴巴，你的嘴巴继续张开5秒钟，然后你很快的闭上你的嘴巴。
We know that everyone yawns in the same way. First you open your mouth slowly. Your mouth stays open for about five minutes , then you close your mouth quickly.我们知道打哈欠是有传染性的或者易传染。
当你看到有人打哈欠的时候，你也会打哈欠，很多人说他们打哈欠是因为很无聊或者很累。
这可能是真的，然而我们知道当人们兴奋或者紧张不安的时候他们也会打哈欠，参加奥运会跑步项目的运动员，比如说在赛跑之前运动员经常会打哈欠，为什么呢？We also know that, yawning is contagious or catching. When you see someone yawn, you also yawn, many people say that they yawn because they are very bored, or tired. This might be true. However we know that people also yawn, when they are excited or nervous, Olympic runners, for example, often yawn before a race. Why is that?许多科学家认为打哈欠让你更加警觉。