大学英语精读3单词复习讲解
现代大学英语精读3 复习 总结
English S ummary PhrasesPart I学术生活 academic l ife民族认同 ethnic i dentity种族歧视 racial p rejudice伦理道德观念 ethical v alues政治上的成熟 political m aturity认同危机 identity c risis基因工程 genetic e ngineering偶然事件 chance e vents青少年阶段 adolescence s tage每日工作日程 daily a genda功能独立 functional i ndependence异性 the o pposite s ex生活方式 a w ay o f l ife获得知识 to a cquire k nowledge给这个词下定义 to d efine t he w ord对这种对待感到反感 to r esent t he t reatment确立自己的身份 to e stablish t heir i dentity使学生感到沮丧 to f rustrate t he s tudents宣战 to d eclare w ar拖着脚步 to d rag o ne’s f eet对结果进行评估 to e valuate t he r esult对知识进行加工 to p rocess k nowledge缩小差距 to n arrow t he g ap扩大业务 to e xpand b usiness装配汽车 to a ssemble c ars提出事实 to p resent f actsPart I I决定今天到此为止 to c all i t a d ay获得利益 to m ake p rofit改进性能 to i mprove p erformance停学 to q uit s chool做一笔交易 to m ake a d eal变本加厉重新开始 to s tart a gain w ith a v engeance 注册登记成立一家公司 to i ncorporate a c ompany组装一辆汽车 to a ssemble a c arto g ross(top/net) 10 m illion d ollars营业额达(总数超/纯利达)一千万美元开发产品 to d evelop p roducts营销产品 to m arket p roducts从中得到教训 to d raw a l esson f rom i t实现梦想 to r ealize a d ream捐钱 to d onate m oney游手好闲，不务正业 to f ool a round经济前景 business(economic) p rospects竞争优势 a c ompetitive e dge营业执照 business l icense库存和管理费 inventory a nd o verheads按客户需要配置的电脑 custom-‐made(personalized) c omputers 库存过多 surplus s tock/excess i nventory销售定额 a s ales q uota增值 added v alue零售价格 a r etail p rice千载难逢的机会 the o pportunity o f a l ifetime春假 spring r ecess财务和管理 finance a nd a dministration直销 direct m arketing会计基础 accounting b asics可以退货的保证 a m oney-‐back g uarantee现场服务 on-‐site s ervice市中心 a c ivic c enter犹太人集中的社区 the J ewish c ommunity终端用户 end u sersPart I II继续去写她的东西 to r esume h er w riting流露他的真情 to b etray h is t rue f eelings引起巨大愤怒 to a rouse g reat a nger出自己的洋相 to m ake a f ool o f o neself通知相关的所有人 to i nform e veryone c oncerned问讯 to m ake i nquires遭受巨大痛苦 to s uffer a t errible p ain扔一块石头 to p itch a s tone（因为重要）专门去做某事 to m ake a p oint o f d oing s omething侵犯我的隐私 t o i nfringe o n m y p rivacy放弃研究 to a bandon t he r esearch上一个新项目 to l aunch a n ew p roject重新做人 to s tart o ne’s l ife a fresh采纳一种新方法 to a dopt a n ew m ethod挑起激烈的反应 to p rovoke a v iolent r eaction找回自己丢失的车 to r ecover o ne’s m issing c ar涉及到和各种人打交道 to i nvolve d ealing w ith a ll k inds o f p eoplePart I V将人民币换成外币 t o c onvert C NY i nto f oreign c urrency寻找真理 to s eek t he t ruth抛掉旧的传统 to d iscard t he o ld t raditions讽刺人的虚荣 to s atirize h uman v anity在那岛上住人 to i nhabit t hat i sland钦佩他们的勇气 to a dmire t heir c ourage玩忽职守 to n eglect o ne’s d uty逃避后果 to e scape t he c onsequences挡路 to b lock o ne’s w ay毁掉名誉 to r uin o ne’s r eputation年久失修的防御工事 neglected f ortificationsa s quatter’s h ut擅自占用土地的人搭建的临时简陋房子容易变质的东西 perishable g oods社会习俗 conventions o f s ociety摇摇晃晃、头重脚轻的酒鬼 tottering d runks当前的风云人物 the m an o f t he h our英雄人物 heroic f igures一种带有使命感的神态 an a ir o f d estiny看人时如火一般的眼光 a w ar s care雨点般的石头 a s hower o f s tones一小撮捣乱分子 a h andful o f t rouble-‐makersPart V塑造年轻人的心灵 to m old y oungsters’ t hinking涂上黄油 to s pread b utter污染环境 to c ontaminate t he e nvironment缓和口气 to m odify t he t one造成未曾料到的伤害 to w ork u nknown h arm创造奇迹 to w ork m iracles获得权力 to a cquire p ower抛弃朋友 to d esert o ne’s f riends放弃这一城市 to d esert t he c ity解决这一争端 to s ettle t he d ispute解决这一问题＊ to s ettle t he m atter赏心悦目 to d elight t he e ye侵入那个国家 to i nvade t hat c ountry侵犯某人隐私 to i nvade o ne’s p rivacy挖一口井 to s ink a w ell严酷的现实 harsh r eality空气污染 air c ontamination致命武器 lethal w eapons人工合成材料 synthetic m aterials事先的调查 advance i nvestigation生死攸关的斗争 a l ife-‐and-‐death s truggle外来物种 introduced s pecies自然保护区 natural r eserves农业的精耕细作 intensification o f a gricultureParagraphsPart IADuring t his t ime, s tudents a re g oing t hrough a n i dentity c risis a nd a re e ndeavoring t o find o ut w ho t hey a re a nd w hat t heir s trengths a nd w eaknesses a re. T hey h ave, o f course, p lenty o f b oth. I t i s i mportant t o k now h ow p eople p erceive t hemselves a s well a s h ow o thers p erceive t hem. A ccording t o p iers a nd l andau, i n a n a rticle discussing t he t heories o f E rik H. E rickson i n i nternational e ncyclopedia o f s ocial sciences (1979), i dentity i s d etermined b y g enetic e ndowment (what i s i nherited from p arents), s haped b y e nvironment, a nd i nfluenced b y c hance e vents. P eople a re influenced b y t heir e nvironment a nd, i n t urn, i nfluence t heir e nvironment. H ow people s ee t hemselves i n b oth r oles i s u nquestionably a p art o f t heir i dentity.BProbably o ne o f t he m ost s tressful m atters f or y oung c ollege s tudents i s e stablishing their f uture s exual i dentity, w hich i ncludes r elating t o t he o pposite s ex a nd projecting t heir f uture r oles a s m en o r w omen. E ach m ust d efine h er o f h is s exual identity i n a f eminine o r m asculine r ole. T hese a re e xciting t imes y e f rustrating t imes. Probably n othing c an m ake s tudents f eel l ower o r h igher e motionally t han t he w ay they a re r elating t o w homever t hey a re h aving a r omantic r elation w ith. F or e xample, when I w as w orking w ith a y oung c ollege s tudent, h e b ounced i nto m y o ffice o nce with a s mile o n h is f ace a nd e xcitement i n h is v oice. T he y oung m an d eclared, “I’ve just h ad t he b est d ay o f m y l ife!” h e w ent o n t o e xplain h ow h e h ad m et a n extraordinary y oung w oman a nd h ow t his r elationship w as a ll h e h ad d reamed a romantic r elationship s hould b e. T hat s ame y oung m an c ame i nto m y o ffice l ess t han a w eek l ater, d ragging h is f eet w ith a d ismayed, d ejected l ook o n h is f ace. H e s at down i n t he s ame c hair, s ighed d eeply, a nd d eclared,” I’ve j ust h ad t he w orst d ay o f my l ife!” h e a nd t he y oung w oman h ad j ust h ad a n a rgument, a nd t heir r elationship was n o l onger g oing w ell. T hus, t he w ay s tudents a re r elating t o t hose o f t he opposite s ex h as a d efinite i nfluence o n t heir e motions.Part I IADell k new t hat I BM r equired i ts d ealers t o t ake a m onthly q uota o f P Cs, i n m ost c ases more t han t hey c ould s ell. H e a lso k new t hat h olding e xcess i nventory w as c ostly. S o he b ought d ealers' s urplus s tock a t c ost. B ack i n h is d orm r oom, h e a dded f eaturesto i mprove p erformance. T he s ouped-‐up m odels f ound e ager b uyers. S eeing t he hungry m arket, D ell p laced l ocal a dvertisements o ffering h is c ustomized c omputers at 15 p ercent o ff r etail p rice. S oon h e w as s elling t o b usinesses, d octors' o ffices a nd law f irms. T he t runk o f h is c ar w as h is s tore; h is r oom t ook o n t he a ppearance o f a small f actory.BThe q uarters h e s hared w ith t wo r oommates l ooked l ike a c ombat z one-‐ b oxes p iledhigh, c omputer b oards a nd t ools s cattered a round. O ne d ay h is r oommates h eaped all h is e quipment i nto a p ile, p reventing D ell f rom e ntering h is r oom. I t w as t ime t o come t o g rips w ith t he m agnitude o f w hat h e h ad c reated. T he b usiness w as n ow grossing m ore t han $ 50 000 a m onth.Part I IIAMr. C rowther, f or h is p art, h ad a lso s uffered s ome d istraction. T hought h e w as pretending t o r ead, h e w as a ctually u nable t o d o s o. F or a ll h is a ppearance o f indifference, t he s ight o f a w ell-‐to-‐do g entleman p itching a s uitcase f rom t he window o f a m oving t rain h ad s urprised h im v ery m uch. B ut h e h ad n ot b etrayed h is surprise. T he f ellow w as o bviously c ounting o n h im f or a v iolent r eaction, a nd s o M r. Crowther m ade a p oint o f n ot r eacting. W hether t he t hing w as a p ractical j oke o r n ot, Mr. C rowther c onsidered i t a n a nnoying i nfringement o f h is p rivacy. I t w as a s i f t he fellow h ad b urst a p aper b ag i n t he h ope o f m aking h im j ump. W ell, h e w asn't g oing to j ump, h e w asn't g oing t o g ive t hat f ellow t he s atisfaction. I f t he f ellow i magined that t o t hrow a s uitcase o ut o f t he w indow g ave h im s ome s ort o f i mportance, w ell, he w as m istaken.BMr. H arraby-‐Ribston t ook t he d isclosure r emarkably w ell. H e d id, i t's t rue, f linch a nd turn a l ittle p ale, b ut i n a f ew m oments h e h ad r ecovered h imself." T hank y ou, s ir," he s aid; a nd l et m e s ay h ow m uch I a ppreciate y our o penness. I n f act, y ou t empt m e to b e e qually f rank w ith y ou. L et m e c onfess, t hen, t hat a s a m atter o f f act I h aven't left m y w ife, f or t he s imple r eason t hat I'm a b achelor. I g row v egetables o n r ather a large s cale a nd o nce a w eek b usiness t akes m e t o L ondon. A s f or t he m atter o f t he suitcase , I h ave s ome f riends w hose h ouse w e p assed a f ew m iles b ack a nd e very week I f ill a s uitcase w ith v egetables, b ring i t w ith m e, a nd t hrow i t o ut o f t he carriage-‐window a s t he t rain p asses t heir h ouse. I t r olls d own t he e mbankment a nd lands u p a gainst t heir r ailings. I t's a p rimitive m ethod, I k now, b ut i t s aves p ostage and y ou c an h ave n o i dea h ow m uch e ntertaining c onversation i t p rovokes w ith m y fellow-‐passengers. Y ou, i f I m ay s ay s o, a re n o e xception."Part I VAOnly t wenty, A lexander w as f ar o lder a nd w iser t han h is y ears. L ike a ll M acedonians he l oved d rinking, b ut h e c ould u sually h andle i t; a nd t oward w omen h e w as n obly restrained a nd c hivalrous. L ike a ll M acedonians h e l oved f ighting; h e w as a magnificent c ommander, b ut h e w as n ot m erely a m ilitary a utomaton. H e c ould think. A t t hirteen h e h ad b ecome a p upil o f t he g reatest m ind i n G reece, A ristotle who g ave h im t he b est o f G reek c ulture. H e t aught A lexander p oetry: t he y oung prince s lept w ith t he I liad u nder h is p illow a nd l onged t o e mulate A chilles, w ho brought t he m ighty p ower o f A sia t o r uin. H e t aught h im p hilosophy, i n p articular t he shapes a nd u ses o f p olitical p ower a nd h e t aught h im t he p rinciples o f s cientific research: d uring h is i nvasion o f t he P ersian d omains A lexander t ook w ith h im a l argecorps o f s cientists, a nd s hipped h undreds o f z oological s pecimens b ack t o G reece f or study. I ndeed, i t w as f rom A ristotle t hat A lexander l earned t o s eek o ut e verything strange w hich m ight b e i nstructive.BNow, A lexander w as i n C orinth t o t ake c ommand o f t he L eague o f G reek S tates, which, h is f ather P hilip h ad c reated a s a d isguise f or t he N ew M acedonian O rder. H e was w elcomed a nd h onored a nd f lattered. H e w as t he m an o f t he h our, o f t he century: h e w as u nanimously a ppointed c ommander-‐in-‐chief o f a n ew e xpedition against o ld, r ich, c orrupt A sia. N early e veryone c rowded t o C orinth i n o rder t o congratulate h im, t o s eek e mployment w ith h im, e ven s imply t o s ee h im. O nly Diogenes, a lthough h e l ived i n C orinth, d id n ot v isit t he n ew m onarch. W ith t hat generosity w hich A ristotle h ad t aught h im , A lexander d etermined t o c all u pon Diogenes.Part VAAnother f actor i n t he m odern i nsect p roblem i s t he s preading o f t housands o f different k inds o f o rganisms f rom t heir n ative h omes. S ome h undred m illion y ears ago, f looding s eas c ut m any l and b ridges b etween c ontinents a nd l iving t hings f ound themselves c onfined i n w hat a n e cologist c alls “colossal s eparate n ature r eserves”. There, i solated f rom o thers o f t heir k ind, t hey d eveloped m any n ew s pecies. W hen some o f t he l and m asses w ere j oined a gain, a bout 15 m illion y ears a go, t hese species b egan t o m ove o ut i nto n ew t erritories-‐-‐-‐a m ovement t hat i s n ot o nly s till i n progress b ut i s n ow r eceiving c onsiderable a ssistance f rom m an.BIt i s n ot m y c ontention t hat c hemical i nsecticides m ust n ever b e u sed. I d o c ontend that w e h ave p ut p oisonous a nd b iologically p otent c hemicals i ndiscriminately i nto the h ands o f p ersons l argely o r w holly i gnorant o f t heir p otentials f or h arm. W e h ave subjected e normous n umbers o f p eople t o c ontact w ith t hese p oisons, w ithout t heir consent a nd o ften w ithout t heir k nowledge. I c ontend, f urthermore, t hat w e h ave allowed t hese c hemicals t o b e u sed w ith l ittle o r n o a dvance i nvestigation o f t heir effect o n s oil, w ater, w ildlife, a nd m an h imself. F uture g enerations a re u nlikely t o forgive o ur l ack o f c oncern f or t he i ntegrity o f t he n atural w orld t hat s upports a ll l ife.TranslatePart I1) 她打算申请那个学术工作。
现代大学英语精读3unit10单词详解
acclamation 英[,æklə'meɪʃən] 美[,æklə'meʃən]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.<正>喝彩；欢呼；欢迎2.(口头表决)拥护,赞成3.(常用复数)欢呼声；喝彩声automaton英[ɔ:'tɔmətən] 美[ɔ'tɑmətən, -,tɑn]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n.自动机, 机器人barrel 英['bærəl] 美['bærəl]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.桶2.枪[炮]管3.一桶（的量）；桶（石油计量单位，相当于120 到159 升）vi.（无法控制地）高速行进，飞驰cask 英[kæsk] 美[kæsk]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.(尤指盛酒精饮料的)桶2.一桶的量chivalrous 英['ʃɪvəlrəs] 美['ʃɪvəlrəs]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------adj.(尤指对女人)有骑士风度的,彬彬有礼的cloak 英[kləuk] 美[klok]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.（尤指旧时的）披风，斗篷2.外衣, 伪装vt.遮盖；掩盖commander 英[kə'mɑ:ndə,kə'mɑːndə(r)] 美[kə'mændɚ]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.指挥官,司令官，负责人2.海军中校3.（英国）伦敦高级警官commander 英[kə'mɑ:ndə,kə'mɑːndə(r)] 美[kə'mændɚ]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.指挥官,司令官，负责人2.海军中校3.（英国）伦敦高级警官contented 英[kən'tentid] 美[kən'tɛntɪd]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------adj.满意的, 满足的; 知足的convert 英[kən'və:t] 美[kən'vɚt]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. & vi. 1.(使)转变, (使)转化2.皈依, 改变(信仰); 使）改变（宗教或信仰）;（使）皈依, 归附n.改变宗教（或信仰、观点）的人；皈依者vi.可转变为；可变换成vt. 1.改变（观点、习惯等）2.（把球踢过球门而）获得附加分corps 英[kɔ:] 美[kɔr, kor]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.军团, 特种部队2.一组corrupt 英[kə'rʌpt] 美[kə'rʌpt]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------adj. 1.堕落的, 腐败的, 贪赃舞弊的2.不道德的3. 已变换的；有缺陷的；有错误的vt. & vi. 1.(使)败坏, (使)腐化2.引起（计算机文件等的）错误；破坏vt.破坏；损坏creed 英[kri:d] 美[krid]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n.(尤指宗教)信条, 教条creed 英[kri:d] 美[krid] n.(尤指宗教)信条, 教条diplomat 英['dipləmæt] 美['dɪplə,mæt]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.外交官2.有手腕的人, 善于交际的人discard 英[dis'kɑ:d] 美[dɪ'skɑrd]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. 1.丢弃, 抛弃2.不再使用n. 1.打出的牌2.废弃的东西discard 英[dis'kɑ:d] 美[dɪ'skɑrd]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. 1.丢弃, 抛弃2.不再使用n. 1.打出的牌2.废弃的东西earthenware 英['ɜ:θən,weə, -ðən-] 美['əθən,wɛr, -ðən-]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n.陶器elaborately--------------------------------------------------------------------------------adv.苦心经营地,精巧地elbow 英['elbəu] 美['ɛl,bo]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. & vi.用肘推, 用肘挤n. 1.肘, (衣服的)肘部2.（衣服的）肘部3.（管子、烟囱等的）弯处，弯头elbow英['elbəu] 美['ɛl,bo]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. & vi.用肘推, 用肘挤n. 1.肘, (衣服的)肘部2.（衣服的）肘部3.（管子、烟囱等的）弯处，弯头emulate 英['emjuleit] 美['ɛmjə,let]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. 1.与…竞争, 努力赶上2.计算机程序等仿真；模仿erase 英[i'reiz] 美[ɪ'res]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. 1.擦掉, 抹去, 清除2. 抹去，清洗（磁带上的录音或存贮器中的信息）3. 擦掉，抹掉（笔迹等) 4. 清除；消除；消灭expedition 英[,ekspi'diʃən] 美[,ɛkspɪ'dɪʃən]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.远征; 探险; 考察2.迅速, 动作敏捷3.远征队；探险队；考察队 4.（短途的）旅行，出行extravagance 英[ɪk'strævəgəns] 美[ɪk'strævəɡəns]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1.奢侈;挥霍2.奢侈品;放纵的言行等fiery 英['faiəri] 美['faɪri, 'faɪəri]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------adj. 1.燃烧的; 火似的; 火热的2.激烈的, 易怒的, 暴躁的flatter 英['flætə] 美['flætɚ]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------vt. 1.向…奉承; 阿谀2.给以愉快的感觉3.使显得更漂亮；使胜过本人fortifications--------------------------------------------------------------------------------防御工事garment 英['ɡɑ:mənt] 美['ɡɑrmənt]--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n.(一件)衣服Garment n.[英格兰人姓氏] 加门特。
大学英语精读3第三单元重点讲解
第三单元需要掌握的词汇及句式结构【outweigh】[aut'wei] v.比... 重要, 比... 有价值On balance, his accomplishments outweigh his faults.总体来看，他的成就要大于他的过失。
The advantages of the plan outweigh its disadvantages. 这一计划的好处超过了它的不利方面。
【trying】形容词a.难受的,难堪的;恼人的,令人厌烦的It had been a most trying experience for them. 那对他们来说是一段十分难受的经历。
【trying moments】艰难时光One needs patience and courage to survive trying moments of life.度过生活的难关，人得有耐心和勇气。
【step up】增加, 加快, 提升, The company had step up production of the latest model.公司已When do you get your next step up? = When will you be promoted?你何时晋级? You have to step up your pace.你得加快步伐。
否定句式在汉译英中应注意的几个常见错误英语和汉语在否定的表达形式上存在着许多差异，中国学生往往会以中国人的思维方式和习惯用法去套英语，这样在汉译英时难免会出现一些错误。
部分常见的错误举例如下：1、未经允许，任何人不得入内。
误：Anybody can not come in without permission.正：Nobody can come in without permission.“任何……不”是汉语中常用的否定句式，而在英语中与any构成的合成词或被any修饰的词语作主语时，谓语动词不能用否定式，因此any ... not的表达形式不符合英语的习惯。
英语精读3第一单元重点
CCE 3-1 Your College Yearsadolesce ﹣adolescent﹣ adolescence/ adolescency● adolesce: vi 在成长过程中; 在成熟; 行为如青少年 (used chiefly in AmE)● It is a young nation, still adolescing.这是一个仍在成长中的年轻国家。
● adolescent n./v.● The adolescent period is one's best time.青少年时期是一个人最美好的一段时光。
● The audience were mostly adolescents.听众几乎都是年轻人。
● adolescence = adolescency during/in ~ 在青春期-hood● forming nouns● denoting a condition or quality 表示“状态”，“特性”● denoting a collection or group 表示“集合”，“集体”childhood 孩提时代，童年 babyhood infanthood boyhood● Girlhood womanhood likelihood brotherhood● a childhood friend 童年伙伴● Her second son didn ’t survive childhood. 她的第二个儿子夭折了。
● second childhood 老年的衰退时期, 年迈昏愦 affirm vs assert● affirm 肯定；断言，声明● vt. 表示“宣称”某情况为事实，语气肯定，有不容怀疑之义。
常用于表示“证实”某一看法，或在别人提出疑问时加以“确认”。
● He affirmed the country's commitment to peace. 他声明该国对和平的承诺。
(完整word)现代大学英语精读3(第二版)更多知识点讲解,推荐文档
Unit 1Text A课文内容全解1. Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in your life as you move from adolescence to young adulthood? (L.3, Para.1)adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/n. the state of being an adult成年：Many people are able to maintainfriendships into adulthood.很多人能够把友谊维持到成年。
2. During this time, students are going through an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find out who they are and what their strengths and weaknesses are. (L.1, Para.2) 【英释】During this period, students are experiencing an identity crisis and are trying to find out who they are and what their strong and weak points are.3. First, there is functional independence, which involves the capability of individuals to take care of practical and personal affairs, such as handling finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and determining their daily agenda. (L.3, Para.4) 【英释】First, there is functional independence, which includes how an individual can handle his or her practical and personal affairs, such as learning how to spend money wisely, choosing his or her own clothes, and deciding what he or she is going to do every day.4.Fourth is freedom from “excessive guilt, anxiety, mistr ust, responsibility, inhibition, resentment, and anger in relation to the mother and father.” (L.12, Para.4) 【英释】Children often feel very guilty in relation to their parents because they think they have done something wrong; they are also anxious because they are eager to please their parents; they sometimes feel unhappy because they think that their parents have not been fair to them; they feel that they are responsible to their parents for everything they do; they are always afraid of not saying the right thing or not behaving properly; all these may make them angry with their parents or make them feel resentful. These feelings reflect their emotional dependence on their parents. When they grow up, they usually strive for freedom from this.5. At the same time, these young adults are learning how to give and receive affection in the adult world. (L.1, Para.6)affection/əˈfekʃn/n.①a gentle feeling of caring and loving喜爱；钟爱：She has great affectionfor her little brother.她很疼爱她的弟弟。
现代大学英语精读3第一单元知识点归纳
Unit1I.Word Studyaffection n.a gentle feeling of love and caringExamples: Every mother has/feels affection toward her children.He is held in great affection.affectionate a. He looks at her with affectionate looks.cf: affectation n.矫饰affirm v.to declare (usually again) positively; strengthen beliefs, ideas, or feelings Examples: affirm one’s judgment/innocence affirm sth. to sb.affirm that it is trueaffirmative a. affirmative reply/nod/reactionapply She is applying for a scholarship. Ointment ['ɔɪntmənt] n. 软膏, 油膏We should apply what we have learned to practice. a/the fly in the ointmentNot all natural laws can apply to human society. 扫兴的人；煞风景的事物Apply some of this ointment to the swollen part, and the pain will soon be gone.Capability n. the natural ability, skill, or power that makes you able to do sth. Examples: He has the capabilities of solving/to solve practical problems.It’s quite above his capabilities.ability :the power to do sth. well acquired naturally or by learningcapacity :ability to hold, contain, or learnfaculty: a special abilityHe has the ability to do the work, but he’s too lazy and won’t do it.The book is within the reading capacity of young readers.The auditorium has a seating capacity of 300 people.He has a faculty for painting.Contribute v. a. to join with others in giving help, money, etc.b. to help to cause or produceExamples: contribute food and clothing for the refugees contribute to the Red Cross Exercises contribute to one’s health. Drinking contributed to his ruin.distribute v. to give things to a large number of people; spread sth. over an area Examples: distribute pictures among children distribute magazines to subscribers distribute manure over a field (manure [mə'nʊə, -'njʊə] n. 肥料;粪便)counsel v. (fml.) to advise n. advice; opinion; suggestion counselor n. adviser; lawyer Examples: counsel care in the forthcoming negotiationHe counseled them giving up/to give up the plan.Distinct a. clearly different or belonging to a different type b. easily seen, understood; plain Examples: Silk is distinct from rayon. They are similar in form but distinct in kind.There is a distinct improvement in his pronunciation rayon['reɪɔn].He is at a distinct a dvantage in the competition n. 人造丝;人造纤维丝n. distinction ad. Distinctlydistinctive a. serving to mark a difference or make distinctExample: Soldiers wear a distinctive uniform.endeavore v. (fml.) to try very hard n. (fml.) effort; attemptExamples: He endeavoreo calm himself down but in vain.His endeavors to persuade her to go with him failed.endowment n. a. a quality or ability that someone has naturallyb. money, property, etc. given to provide an incomeExamples: They are men of great endowments.The Oxford and Cambridge colleges have numerous endowments.endow. a. to possess naturally, be born with b. to give a college, hospital, etc. a large sum of money that will provide it with an incomeExamples: She i s endowed with both beauty and brains.That hospital is privately endowed.Ethical a.connected with principles of what is right and what is wrongExamples: an ethical principle\an ethical basis for educationethnic a. a. of race or the races of mankind b. (colloq.) of a particular cultural group Examples: ethnic clothes/food/music/restaurantsExcessive a. much more than is reasonable or ecessaryExamples: excessive rainfall excessive chargesexcess n. an excess of enthusiasm.That is a city with a population in excess of two million.handle v. a. to touch, lift or turn with the hands b. to operate with the handsc. to manage, control or cope withd. to buy and sellExamples: This box contains delicate china. Please handle with care.This computer is easy to handle. This shop does not handle imported goods.We have to handle the relationship between our two countries carefully.Inherit v. to receive (genetic characters) from one’s parentsExamples: inherit money/estate/title(头衔)She inherited her mother’s good looks and her father’s bad temper.n. inheritance继承遗留物继承权n. heritage（非物质文化）遗产,传统interpret a. to make clear the meaning of (either in words or by artistic performance)b. to consider to be the meaning ofc. to give an immediate oral translation of Examples: interpret a difficult passage in a book We interpreted his silence as a refusal.Will you interpret fo r the foreign visitors?n. interpreter口译工作者;口译译员n. interpretation解释, 说明; 诠释；表演; 演奏inhibition n. (psych.) a feeling of worry or embarrassment that stops you doing or saying what you really want toExample: Wine weakens a person’s inhibitions.inhibit v. to hinder; to restrain inhibit sb. from doing sth.involve v. a. to include as a necessary part or result b. to affectExamples: All reforms involv e certain tasks. He was deeply involved in the scandal The building of the dam involved relocating almost one million people.You have to involve every country in the fight against global warming.a. involved n. involvementobserve v. a. to see or notice; watch carefully b. to say by way of comment c.遵守Examples: The accused was observed trying to force the lock of the door.Some scientists observed that global warming is not necessarily related to human activities. n. observation a. observant善于观察的;观察力敏锐的；严守教规的occur v. a. to happen b. to come into one’s mind suddenly n. occurrence Examples: Over the years many floods have occurred in that area.It occurred to him that there was a better way to do it.I guess it never occurred to him to put aside some money for a rainy day.perceive v. (fml.) to become aware of, esp. throughthe eyes or the mindExamples: Musicians can perceive small differences in sounds.He gradually perceived that language and culture can’t be separated.a. perceptive洞察力强的adv. perceptively n. perceptiveness洞察力强;敏锐;理解力a. perceptible可感觉〔感受〕到的,可理解的,可认识的n. perceptionproject v. a. to plan\b. to cause a shadow, an outline, etc. on a surface\c. to present sb./sth./yourself to other people in a particular way, esp. one that gives a good impression Examples: project a dam/a new canal project a picture on a screenproject the future roles as men or womenshrink v. a. to make or become smaller, esp. through wettingb. to move back; show unwillingness to do sth.Examples: Will this shirt shrink in the wash?\ Car sales have been shrinking recently.A shy man shrinks from meeting strangers.contract v. to make or become smaller or shorter; make or become tighter or narrower Examples: Metals contract as they become cool. (n.合同v.订合同，染上) contract one’s muscles/the brows(眉)/foreheadII.Phrases and Expressionsbe equal to v.to be just as good as; have strength, courage,ability etc. for sth. Examples: Many of our products are equal to the best in the world.It is ridiculous to think one race is not equal to another because it has a different skin color. He is equal to doing this task.dawn on/upon v.to begin to appear; grow clear to the mind Cf:It occurs to sb. that…Examples: The truth began to dawn on him. \It suddenly dawned on me that there was another thing that contributed to their economic success.drag one’s feet v.(figurative usage) to delay deliberatelyExamples:The local authorities are dragging their feet closing these coal mines.I can understand why they are dragging their feet over this reform. The reason is that it will affect their personal interests.for certain ad.certainly; definitely; no doubtExamples: He is probably an accountant. I don’t know for certain.I can’t say for certain how much this car will cost. It must be in the neighborhood of twohundred thousand yuan.freedom/free from no longer having sth. you do not wantfreedom from taxation freedom of press/speechExamples: The most important freedom our people should have is the freedom from hunger.An ideal society is one free from exploitation and oppressionWe look forward to a world founded upon essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way—everywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want… everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear… anywhere in the world. “—Franklin D. Roosevelt go through1) to be passed or approved The Bill did not go through.2) to be concluded The deal did not go through.3) to discuss in detail Let’s go through the arguments again.4) to search The police went through the pockets of the suspected thief.5) to complete Let’s go through the exercises.6) to undergo; suffer He seemed to have forgotten all that he had gone through.7) to consume; use up It did not take Albert very long to go through his inheritance.8) to continue firmly to the end Knowing full well the difficulties the work involved, theywere still determined to go through with it.pull through1)to make sth. or sb. through by pullingThe eye of the needle is too small and I can’t pull the thread through.2) to survive a difficult or dangerous situationThat newly liberated country is going to have a rough time, but it will pull through.3) to recover or help to recover from illnessHe was badly injured in the accident, but the doctors made every effort to pull him through. in turnThe candidates were summoned in turn to see the examiner.Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.in/with relation to as regards; concerningExamples: I have a lot to say in relation to that affair.The project was outlined with relation to available funds.in a different light in a different wayExamples: After I took that course, I began to see the world in a different light.What he did made us see him in a different light.in the light of after considering (sth.)He decided to make further improvements on the computer’s design in the light of the requirements of customers.shed/throw a new light on to make sth. clearer; provide new information These facts shed a new light on the matter.independent from/of not dependent on or controlled by other persons or things Examples: If you have a car, you are independent from/of trains and buses.That’s an objective law independent from/of man’s will.Cf: Promotion is dependent on/upon one’s record of success.stand back1) to stand to the rear The child stood back at the sight of the ferocious dog.2) to distance oneself mentally in order to understand or judge better Sometimes an administrator must stand back from day-to-day business to grasp the wider pattern of events.3) to withdraw or retreat from making discussions, influencing events, etc.She ran the family and her husband stood back.III.Word BuildingIV. From the textDevelopmental changes Move from adolescence to young adulthood Identity crises Genetic endowment Chance event Later adolescent stage Pursue a college education Enter the work world Handle finances Determine one ’s daily agenda Select the major that they want to pursue Parental approval Establish one ’s sexual identity Relate to the opposite sex Have a romantic relationship with Bounce into my officeExcitement in one ’s voiceDrag one ’s feetGive and receive affectionShow proper respect forRebel againstPut into a dormAffirm personal valuesAcademic lifeA growing experienceThe knowledge presented to sb.New ways of interpreting lifeInternational studentsTelevision newscastIn a different lightPersonal growth and expansionAcquire new ways of assembling and processing informationMy world is expanding and new options are opening for me ,but my father, who was in his sixty, was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow.Be appointed to an important governmental positionEvaluate new ways of gather process and apply knowledge in one ’s lifeFour distinct aspects to psychological separation from parentsDefine one ’s sexual identity in a feminine/muscular roleDevelop new ways to organize and use knowledgePeople from a variety of ethnic backgroundsBecome financially independent from parentsGrow and learn new skills that take years to develop。
现代大学英语精读3第4单元知识点归纳
Unit 4to wrench yourself away from: to twist and pull yourself away (or free) fromwrench vt. To pull at the feelings or emotions of挫折使感情或情绪受折磨；distress压抑; afflict使痛苦eg.: It wrenched her to watch them go. 看着他们离开，她很难受It wrenched her to say goodbye.patchwork of farms and woodlandpatchwork n.拼缝物, 拼缀物, 拼凑物woodland: a piece of land covered with trees森林地, 林地In the deep woods that verged against our back fence, a network of paths led almost everywhere, and pheasants [鸟] 雉, 野鸡rocketed off into the dense laurels ahead as you walked. (p.2)to verge against: to be close to; to be at the edge or border ofverge vi. (1) to be very close to a place；to be contiguous 邻近, 接近eg.: streets verging on the slum area 贫民区周围的街道(2) To approach the nature or condition of something specified; come close. Used with on: 接近，逼近接近具体指定的某物的性质或情况；走近。
精读英语第三课PPT词汇解析.ppt
• Stock 库存 out of / in stock 脱销/仍有库存
• Surplus stock / excess inventory 库存过多
• At cost 以成本价
•
You can buy the wines at cost.
•
你可以按成本价买这几种酒
• The hungry market
• 支持呼吁 ~（for sb./sth.）
• The opportunity of a lifetime 千载难逢的好机 会
• Pass by • I can’t bear to / I can’t stand to • Miss the chance
• With a vengeance 变本加厉的；猛烈地 • After a good rest the workers set to work with a vengeance
enroll enrollment enrollee
Freshmen -- sophomore –junior--- senior--bachelor-- graduate student –master--doctoral student--doctor (Dr.)
Spending money 零花钱=pocket moneya ~ of
• Plead : v. pleaded/pled
• 恳求 ~ (with sb.)(for sth.) ~ to do
• 答辩，抗辩：to ~ of guilty/not guilty
• 找 理由，借口（n passive） ~ sth.(for sth.)
person’s appearance , character ,opinion…… ） Eg. Try to avoid making ~ remarks. Personnel 全体职员 员工 [pl.]
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
n. firm opinion or belief 坚定的看法或信仰 conviction
vi. come together at a point 会合；集中 converge
vt. place a (penalty, tax, etc.) officially on
n. blow with a whip; stroke 鞭打；抽打 stripe
vt. make look or sound different from normal; give a false appearance
假扮，伪装 disguise
vt. end the existence of (a custom, system, etc.)
16 全体的；共同的；普遍的
vi. move about without a fixed purpose 漫游；闲逛；徘徊 wander
a. developed to a high degree of complexity; having or showing much worldly experience
早该有的，早该发生的 overdue
vt. strive to gain or accomplish 努力去获得（完成），追求
6
pursue
vt. bring into existence, produce 形成，产生 generate
vt. go to as a customer 光顾，惠顾 patronize
vt. create by means of much hard work
（靠艰苦工作）建立 forge
vt. give approval or permission for 批准；委托
10
authorize
a. (of people) slim; not very wide but comparatively long or high
a. needing immediate attention, action or decision
紧迫的，急迫的 urgent
a. rather cold and unpleasant 寒飕飕的，冷的 9 chilly
a. brave; fearless 勇敢的， 无畏的 courageous
苗条的，细长的 slender
n. small hut or shelter, usu. made of wood
小棚屋，小木屋 cabin
n. a particular task or duty undertaken by an individual or a group
特殊使命，任务 11 mission
vt. believe to be true, likely or probable; feel doubt about
相信；怀疑 suspect
n. the state or quality of being alone or remote from others
孤独、独居 solituFra bibliotekeVocabury Review
1
Unit One
2
vt. watch over or supervise 看管、监督 oversee
vt. make into a pile 堆起来 stack
a. evil or bad 邪恶的、坏的 wicked
3
v. come together, unite or join together （使）结合、联合 combine
n. sth. that indicates or fixes a limit or extent
5 边界；分界线
vt. transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. （用卡车、马车等）搬运 haul
a. being sth. that should have occurred earlier
a. spending much more than necessary
奢侈的、浪费的
7
extravagant
Unit Two
8
vi. look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well
仔细看，费力地看，凝视 peer
复杂的，精密的；世故的，老练的 sophisticated
把…强加于
13
impose
n. person who is running away 逃亡者 fugitive
vt. catch sight of; recognize; discover 看出、辨认、发现 spot
n. section of a journey 一段行程 leg
4
vt. provide with visual features; clarify by use of examples
加插图于；举例说明 illustrate
n. a short account of written materials or data
文摘；摘要 digest
14
Unit Three
15
vt. state (sth.) as a fact but without proof 宣称、声称 allege
a. calm, quiet and undisturbed 平静的；宁静的 tranquil
a. of, affecting or done by all people or things in the world or in a particular group; applicable to all cases