定语从句的翻译
• 非限制性定语从句的翻译方法 • 前置法 这种方法不如用在限制性定语从句中那样 普遍 • The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor. • He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant. • But Miggle’s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence.
• 那个整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒 四射地露面了。 • 他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高 傲的哥哥。 • 但米格尔的富有感染力的笑声打破了沉默。
• 翻译成前置的并列分句。 • The men had suddenly awakened to the fact that there were beauty and significance in these flowers, which they had so long trodden carelessly beneath their feet. • It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned.
• 他和副总统尼克松谈过话。副总统向他担 保，凡是能够做到的都将竭尽全力去做。 • 不过问题还是圆满地解决了，这说明计算 很准确。 • 我遇到了一个问题。当我就要出席会议的 时候，这个问题越发明显了。
• 具有状语职能的定语从句的翻译。 • 译成表因或表果的分句。 • The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or to hear from. • We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night. • But he did not talk at length about the matter, which was not considered by the White House to be a particularly important question.
• 他坚持要造一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。 • 虽然我的助手在做实验之前已经从头到尾 仔细阅读了说明书，但由于他死搬硬套， 所以不能得到满意的结果。
• 译成表目的的分句。 • He wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter. • 我想写一篇文章，以便能引起公众对这件 事的注意。 • I have not given up my effort to get a passport that will enable me to visit China. • 我并没有放弃努力来争取一张护照，以便 访问中国。
• 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理 想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多 中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生 命。 • 他发出了同情之声，这种同情声是那些有 独立收入的人最容易脱口而出的。
• A good deal went on in the factory which he –her father – did not know. • Occasionally there would be the days when my depression would dissipate temporarily.
• 饭后，四个主要谈判人员继续进行会谈， 一直谈到深夜。 • 他看见前面那个憔悴的白发老人，眼睛里 愤怒地闪着红光。 • 直到看不见她了，他才向家走去。不时抬 头看看天空，乌云正在翻滚奔驰。 •
• 译成独立的一个句子。 • He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. • Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully, which showed that the computations were accurate. • I had a problem, which became clearly obvious just as I was to appear at the meeting.
• 我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他 弟弟。 • 基辛格和他的一小组随从参观了故宫，从 前的中国皇帝曾在这里过着奢华显赫的生 活。 • 他把这种想法向金海军上将汇报，金将军 对这种想法很感兴趣，命令进行秘密研究， 看看是否可行。
• • •
After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury. When she was lost to his view, he pursued his homeward way, glancing up sometimes at the sky, where the clouds were sailing fast and wildly.
• 工厂里发生了许多事情，他—她的父亲— 并不知道。 • 偶尔也会有这样的日子，我的沮丧之情会 暂时消散。
• 溶合法 • 溶合法是指把原句中的主句和定语从句溶合在一起译成一 个独立句子的一种翻译方法。英语中含有限制性定语从句 的there be …结构汉译时常常这么翻译。 • There are many people who want to see the film. • 许多人要看这部电影。 • There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. • 楼下有人要见你。 • There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month. • 在那群人中，有些人每天站在那里，站了一个月。
• 译成表条件或假设的分句。 • Anyone who thinks that rational knowledge need not be derived from perceptual knowledge is an idealist. • 如果以为理性认识可以不从感性认识得来， 他就是一个唯心主义者。 • Those who are in favor please hold up their hands. • 如果赞成，就请举手。
• 大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特地想和这 些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。 • 我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能 吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜里也能看 得很清楚。 • 但他没有详细地谈这件事，因为白宫没有 把这件事看作是一个特别重要的问题。
• 译成表让步的分句。 • He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for. • My assistant, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment, could not obtain satisfactory results, because he followed them mechanically.
• 这些花以前一直被这些人漫不经心地踩在 脚下，现在他们突然一意识到了这些花的 美丽和意义了。 • 他站住，转过身来，定睛一看，是个年迈 的妇女，她身材很高，虽然受了时间的折 磨而有点憔悴，仍然有一幅好模样。
• 后置法 • 译成后置的并列分句，重复关系词所代表的含义。 • I told the story to John, who told it to his brother. • Kissinger and his small group of aides toured the Forbidden City, where the Chinese emperors had once lived in lofty splendor. • He took the idea to Admiral King, who liked it and ordered a secret study made to see if it could be done.
定语从句的翻译
• 限制性定语从句的翻译 • 前置法 • 把英语限制性定语从句译成带的的定语词组，放在被修饰 的词之前 • The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. • This is the soldier who just returned from the front. • Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history. • Oxygen is a gas which unites with many substances.
• 在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。 • 这是刚从前线回来的战士。 • 为人民事业牺牲自己的人是历史上真正的 英雄。 • 氧是一种能和许多物质化和的气体。
英语定语从句的翻译(学生)
英语定语从句的翻译一、定语从句的翻译（一）前置法1）Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with.污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切的问题。
2）A youngster who has no playmates of his age living nearby may benefit greatly from attending nursery school.没有年纪相仿的玩伴陪伴的儿童最好就是去幼儿园。
（二）后置法A．重复关系代词所代替的先行词1）They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.他们正在为理想而奋斗，这个理想关系到每个中国人的心。
过去，许多中国人为之而牺牲。
2）Each team plays ten or eleven games each season which begins in September and ends in November.每队每个季节玩10~11个游戏，游戏从9月开始，11月结束。
B．省略关系代词，把定语从句译成并列谓语3）It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle.4）Some of the energy is converted into heat, which helps to maintain our body temperature at about 37℃.C．把关系代词译成人称代词5）We have seen many chemical changes, from which physical changes are different.6）It was an old woman, tall and shapely still, though withered by time, on whom his eyes fell when he stopped and turned.D．当关系代词指整个主句时，应把关系代词译成指示代词“这”7）The activity was postponed, which was exactly what we wanted.8）Salt is crystalized from sea water, which is known to be a physical change.（三）融合法1）There is somebody waiting for you who I think might be one of your friends from your native town.有个人在外面等你，我想这个人可能是你家乡的一位朋友。
定语从句详解(很全)
定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。
被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which,as。
关系副词有：when,where,why,how。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。
当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。
定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
一、定语从句的翻译许多英语初学者往往弄不明白为什么引导定语从句的关系词which不能译为“哪一个”，who不能译为“谁”，when不能译为“什么时候”，where不能译为“什么地方”，等等。
首先，我们必须要明白一点，那就是引导定语从句的which,who,when,where,why等是关系词（关系代词或关系副词），而不是疑问词，所以不能按疑问词的意思来理解。
前面我们讲到，英语中的定语从句总是后置的，即要放在被修饰名词或代词之后；但在汉语中，定语通常是前置的，也就是说定语要放在被修饰名词的前面，并通常表现为“……的”这样的形式。
当我们翻译英语中定语从句的时候，一般可以按汉语习惯，将定语从句翻译在被修饰的名词或代词之前，而其中的关系词一般就是译成汉语中的“……的”。
如：He showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
句中的that he had written为修饰名词the article的定语从句，翻译时就可译为“他写的文章”，其中的关系代词that在此译成了“的”字。
She was not in the train which arrived just now.她不在刚到的那列火车上。
英语定语从句翻译
英语定语从句翻译英语定语从句翻译近代史开始时，世界拥有的每一项重大成就，已为历史发端期的人们所知晓。
以下内容是店铺为您精心整理的英语定语从句翻译，欢迎参考！英语定语从句翻译一一主二仆式定语从句是指一个先行词带有两个或两个以上定语从句的情况。
该结构中的定语从句比较规范，均修饰一个先行词，在翻译时，虽然也遵循一般定语从句的翻译技巧和方法，但还有其独特的地方。
归纳起来，有如下几种情况：1）译成定语可以把两个定语从句译成并列的定语，也可译成分开的定语修饰先地词，或分别修饰重复的先行词。
and the old ways of earning a living rivalled by new agricultural techniques, by commerce with hitherto unknown parts of the globe, and by new crafts with strane machines that saved labor and that ran without the traditional human or animal power古老的谋生之道正受到新的农业技术、新的贸易、新的行业的挑战；这种新贸易是与世界上一向无人知晓的地区进行的贸易，而种种新行业则是使用一些无需传统的人力畜力驱动、可节省劳动力的奇特机遇。
（并列的定语）Almost everything which really matters and which the world possessed at the commencement of the modern age was already known to man at the dawn of history.近代史开始时，世界拥有的每一项重大成就，已为历史发端期的人们所知晓。
（分开的定语）And it helps to explain why so many inventions that were of Chinese origin or that had been known to the Greco-Romans, were fully developed and exploited ony by the WesternEuropeans.英语定语从句翻译二定语从句是由一些关系代词或者关系副词引导的从句组成，用来修饰名词中心词。
定语从句的翻译
定语从句的翻译（1）: 合译法
Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。 The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor. 整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了。 There have been good results in the experiments that have given him grate encouragement. 实验中的良好结果给了他莫大的鼓励。 He took out a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly. 他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。 We will send the boy to Britain, where he can receive better education. 我们将要把这个孩子送到英国去接受更好的教育。
2．不翻译关系代词或关系副词 有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句，但在意义上却 已经和主句融为了一体。在翻译时，应该将关系词省略， 使句子更连贯。 After dinner, the four key negotiators continued their talks, which continued well into the night. 晚饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。 His wife, Betty, is Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book “Moon”, tells of her sister’s life in China. 他妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人，八岁离开中国，写 过本名叫《月》的书，记叙了她妹妹在中国的生活。
定语从句翻译
定语从句1.前置合译法（前滚翻）：若定语从句较短，较简单，与先行词（名词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句（较短且有描述性的非限定），一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“…的” 1）The action it takes at any moment can,t be predicted,and people find that disturbing.分析：后一个that引导宾语从句，指代前面的事情。
翻译：它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这件事使人们感到不安。
2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre（插入语）,the spy（间谍）who was to stay out in the cold.分析：插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首翻译：借用约翰.李.卡雷的话来说，我是一名被打入冷宫的间谍。
3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life.分析：定语从句中含有定语从句，主句是when引导的定语从句，修饰a day 翻译：全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。
4）The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.翻译：在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。
5）We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome.翻译：给我们留下极深印象的是（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。
定语从句的翻译
翻译此类定语从句应该用溶合法，即将主句和从 句溶合在一起翻译。例如： It is a good machine that can work without power. 再好的机器也要有动力才能开动。
It is a long lane that has no turning. 再长的巷子也会有转弯的。
1、译成“这”字句
有时，关系代词并不仅仅只是指代先行词，它还指代 前面整个句子的内容。这时，我们一般将其译成“这” 或“这一点” He admired Mrs. Brown, which surprises me most. 他钦佩布朗太太，这使我大为惊讶。 She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
常用的定语从句的翻译方法
一、合译法
合译法通常用于句式较短的情况，主要以 限制性定语从句为主。 在英译汉时，一般将其译成“的”字结构， 有时也将定语部分译成谓语、兼语句的一 部分或带有“这”字句的简单句。
1.译成定语“的”字结构
最为常见，将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面 He is not the one who will give up easily. 他不是一个轻易服输的人。
3. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了蛋糕。 4. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。 5. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。屋子 是杰克盖的。
定语从句的翻译
他们对我们的要求置之不理， 他们对我们的要求置之不理，这使我们大家 都很气愤。 都很气愤。
13
省略英语关系代词或关系副词所代表的含义， 省略英语关系代词或关系副词所代表的含义， 英语关系代词或关系副词所代表的含义 必要时还需要加译一些代词或连词 加译一些代词或连词。 必要时还需要加译一些代词或连词。
In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let week, us recognize at the outset these points: we have at times in the past been enemies. We have great differences today. What brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend these differences. differences. 我希望我们在本周的会谈将会是坦诚的。 我希望我们在本周的会谈将会是坦诚的。让我们从 一开始就以下几点达成共识： 一开始就以下几点达成共识：过去的一些时期内我 们曾经是敌人。今天我们仍有着巨大的分歧。 们曾经是敌人。今天我们仍有着巨大的分歧。但我 们之所以走到一起，是因为我们有着共同利益 我们有着共同利益， 们之所以走到一起，是因为我们有着共同利益，这 些利益能够让我们超越这些分歧。 些利益能够让我们超越这些分歧。
如果乘火车抵达芝加哥， 如果乘火车抵达芝加哥，即使只在那里逗留一两 个小时，你也会感觉到从（密歇根） 个小时，你也会感觉到从（密歇根）湖那边吹拂 过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做“ 过来的阵阵清风，这就是芝加哥之所以叫做“风 的缘故。 城” 的缘故。
定语从句翻译
• 这是最为常见的一种英译汉的方式，翻译成中 文时，将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面。
• 例1：He is not the one who will give up easily. 译文：他不是一个轻易服输的人。
• 例2：Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 译文：我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。
3．译成相对独立的小分句
• 有些定语从句在修饰关系上与先行词之间关系显得较 为疏远，这时，我们通常会将定语从句译成独立的句 子。
• 例1: One was a violent thunderstorm, the worst I had ever seen, which obscured my objective. 译文：有一次暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度实在是我平生所 鲜见的。这场暴风雨遮住了我的目标。
2．不翻译关系代词或关系副词
• 有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句，但在意义上却已经和 主句融为了一体。在翻译时，应该将引导定语从句的关系词省略， 从而使句子的意思显得更为连贯。
• 例1: After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 译文：晚饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。
• 二、分译法：
• 分译法是指将主句和从句分开翻译的一种方法， 主要用于较长的非限制性定语从句里。采用这 种方法可避免句子的冗长和累赘。这种方法一 般采用主句在前，从句在后的翻译形式，将句 子翻译成两个相对独立的小分句。
定语从句四大翻译方法
定语从句四大翻译方法泛瑞翻译定语从句是英语学习的难点，也是考研英语考查的重点。
定语从句的翻译方法主要有以下几种，一起来学习下吧!①前置法：这是定语从句的翻译中较常见的一种，即把定语从句的内容翻译成“…………的”，放在被修饰词的前面。
这种方法的使用有一个原则即是定语从句内容简短，翻译符合汉语表达习惯。
②后置法：与前置法不同，后置法就是把定语从句的翻译放在被修饰词之后，这样做的目的在于使译文符合汉语的表达习惯。
在此，定语从句的后置翻译分为三类：由which引导定语从句时一般翻译为“这”;另一些引导词则在翻译时重复先行词，即被修饰词;还有一些引导词在翻译时可以省略不译。
③融合法：在限制性定语从句中，由于定语从句与主句关系紧密，所以定语从句往往翻译成句子的谓语部分，主语即是定语从句的先行词。
这里讲的融合法即是将定语从句与主句融合为一个简单句的方法。
这种用法往往用在“there be”结构带有定语从句的句型中。
④状译法：英语的定语从句中有一类在形式上是主句的定语从句，而其所起的作用却相当于主句的状语，修饰主句的谓语或者全句。
这种状语功能常常包括原因、结果、目的、条件、让步等，所以我们在翻译时需要弄清主句和定语从句之间的逻辑关系，从而是译文通顺合理，符合汉语表达习惯。
【真题例句】Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.【解析】句子可拆分为：Behaviorists suggest //that the child //who is raised in an environment //where there are many stimuli// which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses// will experience greater intellectual development.is raised是从属连词who从句的动词;are是where从句的动词;develop 是which从句的动词;由于跟在从属连词后的动词不可能是主句的谓语动词，所以前面提到的三个动词全都不是主句的谓语动词。
定语从句翻译方式
定语从句翻译方式定语从句翻译方式定语从句的翻译有一定的翻译方式，下面是店铺为大家整理的定语从句翻译方式!第一、前置翻译法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。
但前置翻译法往往适用于较短的定语。
如：Yao Ming is a basketball player who is ver great.姚明是一名非常伟大的运动员。
He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.没有吃过苦的人不知道是甜。
Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。
His laughter，which was infectious，broke the silence.他那富有感染力的'笑声打破了沉寂。
第二、后置翻译法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。
其中对于先行词的处理有两种：1. 重复先行词。
如：I told the story to John，who told it to his brother.他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。
We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee，whose activities deserve to be encouraged.在我们对特别委员会表示满意，特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。
Although he lacks experience，he has enterprise and creativity，which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。