2016年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
暨南大学2016考研真题之211翻译硕士英语
暨南大学2016考研真题之211翻译硕士英语考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. Whenever possible, Ina ________ how well she speaks Japanese.A. shows upB. shows aroundC. shows offD. shows out2. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the company________.A. on his accountB. on his behalfC. for his partD. in his interest3. The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight ________ are.A. paymentsB. chargesC. fundsD. prices4. The ball ________ two or three times before rolling down the slope.A. swayedB. bouncedC. hoppedD. darted5. He has been transferred to the University of Maryland Medical Center and is waiting to ________ surgery.A. undergoB. unfoldC. underestimateD. undertake6. We hold these truths to be self-_______: that all men are created equal.A. essentialB. eternalC. evidentD. exquisite7. The bear clawed the hunter within _______ of his life.A. closeB. reachC. a spaceD. an inch8. The third candidate is a ________. She’s new to politics and is just beginning her campaign.A. white elephantB. dark horseC. sleeperD. big hit9. We go to the Summer Palace on foot ________.A. on purposeB. on occasionsC. on behalfD. on trial10. It was cloudy this morning, but it ________ fine.A. turned onB. turned overC. turned upD. turned out11. In his ________ to further knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.A. attemptB. expeditionC. trialD. chase12. The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our ________ almost two hours later.A. designationB. destinyC. destinationD. dignity13. The nuclear family ________ a self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.A. refers toB. definesC. describesD. devotes to14. Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are ________ by social isolation and loneliness.A. reproachedB. favoredC. plaguedD. reprehended15. The Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its rich ________ of folk arts.A. heritageB. heredityC. heroismD. hermitage16. It is imperative that students ________ their term papers on time.A. handing inB. handed inC. hand inD. would hand in17. An old woman was badly hurt in ________ the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whatever18. ________ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.A. If walkingB. While walkingC. WalkingD. When one is walking19. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well boys ________ to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. been encouragedC. being encouragedD. be encouraged20. Joan didn’t go to the party last night because she ________ the baby for her sister until 9:30.A. must have looked afterB. would have to looked afterC. had to look afterD. should have looked after21. We are going to London next month. This will be the first time I________ there.A. have traveledB. travelC. will travelD. am traveling22. John is ________ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.A. no lessB. no moreC. not lessD. no so23. Americans eat ________ as they actually need every day.A. twice as much proteinB. twice protein as much twiceC. twice protein as muchD. protein as twice much24. Who ________ was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?A. you saidB. did you sayC. did you say thatD. you did say25. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ________?A. hadn’t sheB. hasn’t sheC. wouldn’t sheD. didn’t she26. ________ you ________ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.A. If; hadB. Have; hadC. Should; haveD. In case; had27. ________ we wish him prosperous, we have objections to his ways of obtaining wealth.A. Much asB. As muchC. More asD.As well as28. Among the first to come and live in North America ________, who later prospered mainly in New England.A. had been Dutch settlersB. Dutch settlers were thereC. were Dutch settlersD. Dutch settlers had been there29. _______ there was an epidemic approaching, Mr. Smith ________ the invitation to visit that area.A. If he knew; would have declinedB. If he had known; would declineC. Had he known; would declineD. Had he known; would have declined30. In the dark they could not see anything clear, but could ________.A. hear somebody mournB. hear somebody mourningC. hear somebody mournedD. hear somebody had been mourningII. Reading Comprehension (40%)Directions: This part consists of two sections. In Section A, there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions. In Section B, there is one passage followed by a total of 5 short-answer questions. Read the passages and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A Multiple-Choice Questions (30%)Passage 1Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.The head of the Library of Congress is to name Donald Hall, a writer whose deceptively simple language builds on images of the New England landscape, as the nation’s 14th poet laureate today.Mr. Hall，a poet in the distinctive American tradition of Robert Frost, has also been a harsh critic of the religious right’s influence on government arts policy. And as a member of the advisory council of the National Endowment for the Arts during the administration of George H. W. Bush, he referred to those he thought were interfering with arts grants as “bullies and art bashers”.He will succeed Ted Kooser, the Nebraskan who has been the poet laureate since 2004.The announcement of Mr. Hall’s appointment is to be made by James H. Billington, the Librarian of Congress. Mr. Billington said that he chose Mr. Hall because of “the sustained quality of his poetry, the reach and the variety of things he talks about”. Like Mr. Kooser, Mr. Billington said, “Mr. Hall evokes a sense of place. ”Mr. Hall, 77, lives in a white clapboard farmhouse in Wilmot, N. H., that has been in his family for generations. He said in a telephone interview that he didn’t see the poet laureateship as a bully pulpit. “But it’s apulpit anyway,”he said. “If I see First Amendment violations, I will speak up.’’Mr. Hall is an extremely productive writer who has published about 18 books of poetry, 20 books of prose and 12 children’s books. He has won many awards, including a national Book Critics Circle Award in 1989 for “The One Day”，a collection.In recent years much of his poetry has been preoccupied with the death of his wife, the poet Jane Kenyon, in 1995.Robert Pinsky, who was poet laureate from 1997 to 2000 said he welcomed Mr. Hall’s appointment，especially in light of his previous outspokenness about politics and arts. “There is something nicely symbolic，and maybe surprising,”Mr. Pinsky said, “that they have selected someone who has taken a stand for freedom.”The position carries an award of $35,000 and $5,000 travel allowance. It usually lasts a year, though poets are sometimes reappointed.31. Donald Hall ________.A. uses simple English to express the images of the New England landscapeB. dislikes the idea of impacting government by the right side of the religionC. is the 14th poet laureate appointed by the CongressD. is a member of the advisory council of the National Endowment for the Arts32. James H. Billington ________.A. likes the poems with great depth and widthB. speaks highly of poems in simple English rather than complex onesC. prefers the poems with sustained style and expressionD. likes the poems with the knowledge of various things33. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Mr. Hall has published many books and magazines on poems.B. Mr. Hall is a critic of literature in the U. S.C. Mr. Hall has got many prizes for his talents in writing.D. Mr. Hall has got support from his predecessors.34. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Mr. Hall loves his wife very much.B. Mr. Hall takes the new appointment for granted.C. Mr. Hall has got great ideas from his wife.D. Mr. Hall may hold the position for another year.35. What is the best title for the passage?A. A Guard for Politics and ArtsB. A New Poet LaureateC. A Representative for FreedomD. The Winning of a PoetPassage 2Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don’t always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don’t mean anything except “I’m letting off some steam. I don’t really want you to pay closeattention to what I’m saying. Just pay attention to what I’m feeling.”Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before I’ll buy.”The owner says, “It’s been like that for years.”Actually, the step hasn’t been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: “I don’t want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can’t you?”The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed through examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend’s unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says “No!”to a serials of charges like “You’re dumb,”“You’re lazy,”and “You’re dishonest,”may also say “No!”and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is “And you’re good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “If sure has been nice to have you over,”can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.36. Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if ________.A. they use proper words to carry their ideasB. they both speak truly of their own feelingsC. they try to understand each other’s ideas beyond wordsD. they are capable of associating meaning with their words37. “I’m letting off some steam”in paragraph 1 means ________.A. I’m just calling your attentionB. I’m just kiddingC. I’m just saying the oppositeD. I’m just giving off some sound38. The house-owner’s example shows that he actually means ________.A. the step has been like that for yearsB. he doesn’t think it necessary to fix the stepC. the condition of the step is only a minor faultD. the cost involved in the fixing should be shared39. Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if ________.A. linked to an abnormal amount of assertivenessB. seen as one’s habitual pattern of behaviorC. taken as part of an ordering sequenceD. expressed to a series of charges40. The word “ritualistically”in the last paragraph equals something done ________.A. without true intentionB. light-heartedlyC. in a way of ceremonyD. with less emphasisPassage 3Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Cellular slime molds are extraordinary life forms that exhibit features of both fungi and protozoa, although often classed for convenience with fungi. At one time they were regarded as organisms of ambiguous taxonomic status, but more recent analysis of DNA sequences has shown that slime molds should be regarded as inhabiting their own separate kingdom.Their uniqueness lies in their unusual life cycle, which alternates between a feeding stage in which the organism is essentially unicellular and a reproductive stage in which the organism adopts a multicellular structure. At the first stage they are free-living, separate amoebae, usually inhabiting the forest floor and ingesting bacteria found in rotting wood, dung, or damp soil. But their food supplies are relatively easily exhausted since the cells’movements are restricted and their food requirements rather large.When the cells become starved of nutrition, the organism initiates a new genetic program that permits the cells to eventually find a new, food-rich environment. At this point, the single-celled amoebae combine together to form what will eventually become a multicellular creature. The mechanism by which the individual members become a single entity is essentially chemical in nature. At first, a few of the amoebae start to produce periodic chemical pulses that are detected, amplified, and relayed to the surrounding members, which then move toward the pulse origin. In time, these cells form many streams of cells, which then come together to form a single hemispherical mass. This mass sticks together through the secretion of adhesion molecules.The mass now develops a tip, which elongates into a finger-like structure of about 1 or 2 millimeters in length. This structure eventually falls over to form a miniature slug, moving as a single entity orienting itself toward light. During this period the cells within the mass differentiate into two distinct kinds of cell. Some become prestalk cells, which later form into a vertical stalk, and others form prespore cells, which become the spore head.As the organism migrates, it leaves behind a track of slime rather like a garden slug. Once a favorable location has been found with a fresh source of bacteria to feed on, the migration stops and the colonymetamorphoses into a fungus-like organism in a process known as “culmination.”The front cells turn into a stalk, and the back cells climb up the stalk and form a spherical-shaped head, known as the sorocarp. This final fruiting body is about 2 millimeters in height. The head develops into spores, which are dispersed into the environment and form the next generation of amoebae cells. Then the life cycle is repeated. Usually the stalk disappears once the spores have been released.The process by which the originally identical cells of the slime mold become transformed into multicellular structures composed of two different cell types—spore and stalk—is of great interest to developmental biologists since it is analogous to an important process found in higher organisms in which organs with highly specialized functions are formed from unspecialized stem cells. Early experiments showed which parts of the slime mold organism contributed to the eventual stalk and which parts to the head. Scientists stained the front part of a slug with a red dye and attached it to the back part of a different slug. The hybrid creature developed as normal. The experimenters then noted that the stalk of the fruiting body was stained red and that the spore head was unstained. Clearly, the anterior part of the organism culminated in the stalk and the posterior part in the spore head. Nowadays, experiments using DNA technology and fluorescentproteins or enzymes to label the prespore and prestalk cells have been undertaken. This more molecular approach gives more precise results than using staining dyes but has essentially backed up the results of the earlier dye studies.41. How the slime should be classified used to be _________.A. unknownB. uncertainC. controversialD. unfamiliar42. According to the passage, what is unusual about the slime molds’life cycle?A. They inhabit their own kingdom.B. They are organisms whose classification is ambiguous.C. They alternate between unicellular and multicellular structures.D. They are free-living organisms.43. All of the followings are mentioned in the text as being parts of the multicellular slug EXCEPT ________.A. the headB. the stalkC. legsD. spores44. Why does the author refer to the fungus-like organism as a fruiting body?A. Because it has become one entity.B. Because it is 2 millimeters in height.C. Because it now has a stalk and head.D. Because it has reached its reproductive stage.45. According to the passage, the recent DNA studies _________.A. give similar results to the dye studiesB. contradict the dye studiesC. are less exact than the dye studiesD. have introduced confusion about the dye study resultsSection B Short-Answer Questions (10%)Passage 4Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Barry Schwartz did not expect to feel inspired on a clothes-shopping trip. “I avoid buying jeans; I wear one pair until it falls apart,”says Schwartz,an American psychology professor. “The last time I had bought a pair there had been just one style. But recently I was asked if I wanted this fit or that fit, or this color or that. I intended to be out shopping for five minutes but it took an hour, and I began to feel more and more dissatisfied.”This trip made him think: did more choice always mean greater satisfaction? “I’d always believed that choice was good, and more choice was better. My experience got me thinking: how many others felt like me?”The result was a widely discussed study that challenged the idea that more is always better. Drawing on the psychology of economics, which looks at how people choose what to buy, Schwartz designed a questionnaire to show the differences between what he termed‘maximisers’and ‘satisficers’. Broadly speaking, maximisers are keen to make the best possible choices, and often spend time researching to ensure that their purchases cannot be bettered. Satisficers are the easy-going people, delighted with items that are simply acceptable. Schwartz puts forward the view, which contrasts with what politicians and salesmen would have people believe, that the unstoppable growth in choice is in danger of ruining lives. “I’m not saying no choice is good. But the average person makes at least 200 decisions every day, and I don’t think there’s room for any more.”His study may help to explainthe peculiar paradox of the wealthy West—psychologists and economists are puzzled by the fact that people have not become happier as they have become richer. In fact, the ability to demand whatever is wanted whenever it is wanted has instead led to rising expectations. The search for perfection can be found in every area of life from buying soap powder to selecting a career. Certain decisions may automatically close off other choices, and some people are then upset by the thought of what else might have been. Schwartz says, “If you make a decision and it’s disappointing, don’t worry about it, it may actually have been a good decision, just not as good as you had hoped.”One fact that governments need to think about is that people seem more inclined to buy something if there are fewer, not more, choices. If that’s true for jeans, then it is probably true for cars, schools and pension funds. “If there are few options, the world doesn’t expect you to make the perfect decision. But when there are thousands it’s hard not to think there’s a perfect one out there, and that you’ll find it if you look hard enough.”If you think that Internet shopping will help, think again：”You want to buy something and you look at three websites. How long will it take to look at one more? Two minutes? It’s only a click. Before you know it you’ve spent three hours trying to decide which £10 item to buy. It’scrazy. You’ve used another evening that you could have spent with your friends.”Schwartz, who describes himself as a natural satisficer, says that trying to stop our tendency to be maximisers will make us happier. “The most important recommendation I can give is to lower personal expectations,”he says. “But no one wants to hear this because they all believe that perfection awaits the wise decision maker. Life isn’t necessarily like that.”46. Why may some advice be rejected?47. What confuses experts according to the passage?48. What can be the emotional effect of the result of making a choice?49. How was Schwartz’s research undertaken?50. How can personality be defined in the text?III. Writing (30%)Directions:In this part you are going to write an essay of about400-500 words within 60 minutes on the topic as follows. Write your response on the Answer Sheet.TopicSome people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed if they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others, however, believe that is the only way to save these traditions. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on the issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.。
2018~2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2018年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ.Vocabulary&Grammar(30%)Directions:There are30sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.People and things that are_____are able to recover easily and quickly from unpleasant or damaging events.A.resilientB.silientC.silentD.resilent【答案】A【解析】句意：人也好，事物也好，承受能力强的都能很快从不愉快或者损坏自身的事件中恢复。
resilient能复原的；弹性的。
silent沉默的，无声的。
没有silient这一词汇。
没有resilent这一词汇。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
2.We all got a pay rise this month,but there is_____—we are expected to work longer.A.the sting in the tailB.a sting in the tailC.the sting at the topD.a sting at the top【答案】B【解析】句意：我们这月涨工资了，但是事情总有不尽如人意的地方，我们需要工作更长时间。
a sting in the tail为固定表达，意为“不尽如人意之处”。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
3.In education,girls,who were once considered_____a decent education,now outstrip their male counterparts at almost every stage.A.more worthy ofB.less worthy ofC.more worthD.less worth【答案】B【解析】句意：在教育领域，一度被认为不值得接受教育的女孩们，已经在各个领域全面赶超男性。
[考研类试卷]2016年暨南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc
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[考研类试卷]2016年暨南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 sleeping pills2 VIP3 APP4 soul mate5 laughing stock6 black sheep7 brain storming8 fig leaves9 walking dictionary10 smart phone11 Renaissance12 opinion poll13 wet blanket14 a skeleton in the cupboard15 wet blanket汉译英16 回扣17 绩点18 中医19 支付宝20 博爱21 母校22 计划23 转基因食品24 听证会25 货到付款26 往返票27 数据库28 两岸关系29 情商30 微信英译汉31 At the theater Hargraves was known as an all-round dialect comedian, having a large repertoire of German, Irish, Swede, and black-face specialties. But Mr. Hargraves was ambitious, and often spoke of his great desire to succeed in legitimate comedy.This young man appeared to conceive a strong fancy for Major Talbot. Whenever that gentleman would begin his Southern reminiscences, or repeat some of the liveliest of the anecdotes, Hargraves could always be found, the most attentive among his listeners. For a time the Major showed an inclination to discourage the advances of the " play actor," ashe privately termed him; but soon the young man's agreeable manner and indubitable appreciation of the old gentleman's stories completely won him over.It was not long before the two were like old chums. The Major set apart each afternoon to read to him the manuscript of his book. During the anecdotes Hargraves never failed to laugh at exactly the right point. The Major was moved to declare to Miss Lydia one day that young Hargraves possessed remarkable perception and a gratifying respect for the old regime. And when it came to talking of those old days—if Major Talbot liked to talk, Mr. Hargraves was entranced to listen.Like almost all old people who talk of the past, the Major loved to linger over details. In describing the splendid, almost royal, days of the old planters, he would hesitate until he had recalled the name of the negro who held his horse, or the exact date of certain minor happenings, or the number of bales of cotton raised in such a year; but Hargraves never grew impatient or lost interest. On the contrary, he would advance questions on a variety of subjects connected with the life of that time, and he never failed to extract ready replies.汉译英32 六十整岁望七十岁如攀高山。
2016年暨南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc
2016年暨南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：64.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.sleeping pills（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.VIP（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.APP（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.soul mate（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ ughing stock（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.black sheep（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.brain storming（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.fig leaves（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.walking dictionary（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.smart phone（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.Renaissance（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.opinion poll（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.wet blanket（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.a skeleton in the cupboard（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.wet blanket（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 回扣__________________________________________________________________________________________ 绩点__________________________________________________________________________________________ 中医__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.支付宝（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 博爱__________________________________________________________________________________________母校__________________________________________________________________________________________ 计划__________________________________________________________________________________________ 25.转基因食品（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 26.听证会（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 27.货到付款（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.往返票（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.数据库（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.两岸关系（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 情商__________________________________________________________________________________________ 微信__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.At the theater Hargraves was known as an all-round dialect comedian, having a large repertoire of German, Irish, Swede, and black-face specialties. But Mr. Hargraves was ambitious, and often spoke of his great desire to succeed in legitimate comedy.This young man appeared to conceive a strong fancy for Major Talbot. Whenever that gentleman would begin his Southern reminiscences, or repeat some of the liveliest of the anecdotes, Hargraves could always be found, the most attentive among his listeners. For a time the Major showed an inclination to discourage the advances of the " play actor," as he privately termed him; but soon the young man's agreeable manner and indubitable appreciation of the old gentleman's stories completely won him over.It was not long before the two were like old chums. The Major set apart each afternoon to read to him the manuscript of his book. During the anecdotes Hargraves never failed to laugh at exactly the right point. The Major was moved to declare to Miss Lydia one day that young Hargraves possessed remarkable perception and a gratifying respect for the old regime. And when it came to talking of those old days—if Major Talbot liked to talk, Mr. Hargraves was entranced to listen.Like almost all old people who talk of the past, the Major loved to linger over details. In describing the splendid, almost royal, days of the old planters, he would hesitate until he had recalled the name of the negro who held his horse, or the exact date of certain minor happenings, or the number of bales of cotton raised in such a year; but Hargraves never grew impatient or lost interest. On the contrary, he would advance questions on a variety of subjects connected with the life of that time, and he never failed to extract ready replies.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 36.六十整岁望七十岁如攀高山。
2016年宁波大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2016年宁波大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20pts. for Section A, and 10pts. for Section B)Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1. Even though he was guilty, the _____ judge did not send him to prison.A. mercifulB. impartialC. conscientiousD. conspicuous【答案】A【解析】句意：虽然他犯了罪，这位仁慈的法官并没有判他进监狱服刑。
merciful仁慈的。
impartial中立的，不偏不倚的。
conscientious认真的。
conspicuous显眼的。
故选A。
2. The education _____ for the coming year is about $4 billion, which is much more than what people expected.A. allowanceB. reservationC. budgetD. finance【答案】C【解析】句意：下一年的教育预算达到约40亿美元，远远高于人们期望的数额。
budget 预算。
allowance补贴。
reservation保留；预约。
finance财政，金融。
故选C。
3. They had fierce _____ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.A. debateB. clashC. disagreementD. context【答案】A【解析】句意：关于公司应不应该恢复数年前破裂的贸易关系，他们展开了激烈的辩论。
[考研类试卷]2016年暨南大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc
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[考研类试卷]2016年暨南大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc[考研类试卷]2016年暨南大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷一、Vocabulary1 Whenever possible, Ina ______how well she speaks Japanese.（A）shows up（B）shows around（C）shows off（D）shows out2 As the director can't come to the reception, I'm representing the company______. （A）on his account （B）on his behalf（C）for his part（D）in his interest3 The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight ______are.（A）payments（B）charges（C）funds（D）prices4 The ball ______two or three times before rolling down the slope.（B）bounced（C）hopped（D）darted5 He has been transferred to the University of Maryland Medical Center and is waiting to ______surgery.（A）undergo（B）unfold（C）underestimate（D）undertake6 We hold these truths to be self-______: that all men are created equal.（A）essential（B）eternal（C）evident（D）exquisite7 The bear clawed the hunter within ______of his life.（A）close（B）reach（C）a space8 The third candidate is a______. She's new to politics and is just beginning her campaign.（A）white elephant（B）dark horse（C）sleeper（D）big hit9 We go to the Summer Palace on foot______.（A）on purpose（B）on occasions（C）on behalf（D）on trial10 It was cloudy this morning, but it ______fine.（A）turned on（B）turned over（C）turned up（D）turned out11 In his ______to further knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.（A）attempt（C）trial（D）chase12 The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our ______almost two hours later.（A）designation（B）destiny（C）destination（D）dignity13 The nuclear family ______a self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.（A）refers to（B）defines（C）describes（D）devotes to14 Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are______ by social isolation and loneliness.（A）reproached（B）favored（C）plagued（D）reprehended15 The Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its rich ______of folk arts.（A）heritage（B）heredity（C）heroism（D）hermitage16 It is imperative that students ______their term papers on time.（B）handed in（C）hand in（D）would hand in17 An old woman was badly hurt in ______the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.（A）that（B）which（C）what（D）whatever18 ______on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.（A）If walking（B）While walking（C）Walking（D）When one is walking19 After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well boys ______to go to school.（A）to be encouraged（B）been encouraged（C）being encouraged（D）be encouraged20 Joan didn't go to the party last night because she ______the baby for her sister until 9: 30.（A）must have looked after（B）would have to looked after（C）had to look after（D）should have looked after21 We are going to London next month. This will be the firsttime I ______there.（A）have traveled（B）travel（C）will travel（D）am traveling22 John is ______hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.（A）no less（B）no more（C）not less（D）no so23 Americans eat ______as they actually need every day.（A）twice as much protein（B）twice protein as much twice（C）twice protein as much（D）protein as twice much24 Who ______was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?（A）you said（B）did you say（C）did you say that（D）you did say25 She would have been more agreeable if she had changeda little bit, ______? （A）hadn't she（B）hasn't she（C）wouldn't she（D）didn't she26 ______you ______further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. （A）If; had（B）Have; had（C）Should; have（D）In case; had27 ______we wish him prosperous, we have objections to his ways of obtaining wealth. （A）Much as（B）As much（C）More as（D）As well as28 Among the first to come and live in North America______, who later prospered mainly in New England.（A）had been Dutch settlers（B）Dutch settlers were there（C）were Dutch settlers（D）Dutch settlers had been there29 ______there was an epidemic approaching, Mr. Smith ______the invitation to visit that area.（A）If he knew; would have declined（B）If he had known; would decline（C）Had he known; would decline（D）Had he known; would have declined30 In the dark they could not see anything clear, but could______.（A）hear somebody mourn（B）hear somebody mourning（C）hear somebody mourned（D）hear somebody had been mourning二、Reading Comprehension30 The head of the Library of Congress is to name Donald Hall, a writer whose deceptively simple language builds on images of the New England landscape, as the nation's 14th poet laureate today.Mr. Hall, a poet in the distinctive American tradition of Robert Frost, has also been a harsh critic of the religious right's influence on government arts policy. And as a member of the advisory council of the National Endowment for the Arts during the administration of George H. W. Bush, he referred to those he thought were interfering with arts grants as "bullies and art bashers.He will succeed Ted Kooser, the Nebraskan who has been the poet laureate since 2004. The announcement of Mr. Hall's appointment is to be made by James H. Billington, the Librarian of Congress. Mr. Billington said that he chose Mr. Hall because of "the sustained quality of his poetry, the reach and the variety of things he talks about." Like Mr. Kooser, Mr. Billington said," Mr. Hall evokes a sense of place.Mr. Hall, 77, lives in a white clapboard farmhouse in Wilmot, N. H., that has been in his family for generations. He said in a telephone interview that he didn't see the poetlaureateship as a bully pulpit. "But it's a pulpit anyway," he said. "If I see First Amendment violations, I will speak up."Mr. Hall is an extremely productive writer who has published about 18 books of poetry, 20 books of prose and 12 children's books. He has won many awards, including a national Book Critics Circle Award in 1989 for "The One Day", a collection.In recent years much of his poetry has been preoccupied with the death of his wife, the poet Jane Ken-yon, in 1995.Robert Pinsky, who was poet laureate from 1997 to 2000 said he welcomed Mr. Hall's appointment, especially in light of his previous outspokenness about politics and arts. "There is something nicely symbolic, and maybe surprising," Mr. Pinsky said, "that they have selected someone who has taken a stand forfreedom. "The position carries an award of $ 35, 000 and $ 5, 000 travel allowance. It usually lasts a year, though poets are sometimes reappointed.31 Donald Hall______.（A）uses simple English to express the images of the New England landscape（B）dislikes the idea of impacting government by the right side of the religion（C）is the 14th poet laureate appointed by the Congress（D）is a member of the advisory council of the National Endowment for the Arts32 James H. Billington______.（A）likes the poems with great depth and width（B）speaks highly of poems in simple English rather than complex ones（C）prefers the poems with sustained style and expression （D）likes the poems with the knowledge of various things33 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?（A）Mr. Hall has published many books and magazines on poems.（B）Mr. Hall is a critic of literature in the U. S.（C）Mr. Hall has got many prizes for his talents in writing.（D）Mr. Hall has got support from his predecessors.34 What can be inferred from the passage?（A）Mr. Hall loves his wife very much.（B）Mr. Hall takes the new appointment for granted.（C）Mr. Hall has got great ideas from his wife.（D）Mr. Hall may hold the position for another year.35 What is the best title for the passage?（A）A Guard for Politics and Arts（B）A New Poet Laureate（C）A Representative for Freedom（D）The Winning of a Poet35 Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said —the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don't always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don't mean anything except "I'm letting off some steam. I don't really want you to pay close attention to what I'm saying. Just pay attention to what I'm feeling." Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, "This step has to be fixed before I'll buy. "The owner says, "It's been like that for years." Actually, the step hasn't been like that for years, but the unspoken message is; "I don't want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can't you?" Thesearch for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed through examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of thebehavior. A friend's unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says " No!" to a serials of charges like "You're dumb," "You're lazy," and "You're dishonest," may also say "No!" and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is " And you're good looking. "We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, "It sure has been nice to have you over," can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.36 Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners,if______.（A）they use proper words to carry their ideas（B）they both speak truly of their own feelings（C）they try to understand each other's ideas beyond words（D）they are capable of associating meaning with their words37 "I'm letting off some steam" in paragraph 1 means______.（A）I'm just calling your attention（B）I'm just kidding（C）I'm just saying the opposite（D）I'm just giving off some sound38 The house-owner's example shows that he actually means______.（A）the step has been like that for years（B）he doesn't think it necessary to fix the step（C）the condition of the step is only a minor fault（D）the cost involved in the fixing should be shared39 Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if______. （A）linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness（B）seen as one's habitual pattern of behavior（C）taken as part of an ordering sequence（D）expressed to a series of charges40 The word " ritualistically" in the last paragraph equals something done______. （A）without true intention（B）light-heartedly（C）in a way of ceremony（D）with less emphasis40 Cellular slime molds are extraordinary life forms that exhibit features of both fungi and protozoa, although often classed for convenience with fungi. At one time they were regarded as organisms of ambiguous taxonomic status, but more recent analysis of DNA sequences has shown that slime molds should be regarded as inhabiting their own separate kingdom.Their uniqueness lies in their unusual life cycle, which alternates between a feeding stage in which the organism is essentially unicellular and a reproductive stage in which the organism adopts a multicellular structure. At the first stage they are free-living, separate amoebae, usually inhabiting the forest floor and ingesting bacteria found in rotting wood, dung, or damp soil. But their food supplies are relatively easily exhaustedsince the cells' movements are restricted and their food requirements rather large.When the cells become starved of nutrition, the organism initiates a new genetic program that permits the cells to eventually find a new, food-rich environment. At this point, the single-celled amoebae combine together to form what will eventually become a multicellular creature. The mechanism by which the individual members become a single entity is essentially chemical in nature. At first, a few of the amoebae start to produce periodic chemical pulses that are detected, amplified, and relayed to the surrounding members, which then move toward the pulse origin. In time, these cells form many streams of cells, which then come together to form a single hemispherical mass. This mass sticks together through the secretion of adhesion molecules.The mass now develops a tip, which elongates into a finger-like structure of about 1 or 2 millimeters in length. This structure eventually falls over to form a miniature slug, moving as a single entity orienting itself toward light. During this period the cells within the mass differentiate into two distinct kinds of cell. Some become prestalk cells, which later form into a vertical stalk, and others form prespore cells, which become the spore head.As the organism migrates, it leaves behind a track of slime rather like a garden slug. Once a favorable location has been found with a fresh source of bacteria to feed on, the migration stops and the colony metamorphoses into a fungus-like organism in a process known as "culmination." The front cells turn into a stalk, and the back cells climb up the stalk and form a spherical-shaped head, known as the sorocarp. This final fruiting body is about 2 millimeters in height. The head develops intospores, which are dispersed into the environment and form the next generation of amoebae cells. Then the life cycle is repeated. Usually the stalk disappears once the spores have been released.The process by which the originally identical cells of the slime mold become transformed into multicellular structures composed of two different cell types — spore and stalk — is of great interest to developmental biologists since it is analogous to an important process found in higher organisms in which organs with highly specialized functions are formed from unspecialized stem cells. Early experiments showed which parts of the slime mold organism contributed to the eventual stalk and which parts to the head. Scientists stained the front part of a slug with a red dye and attached it to the back part of a different slug. The hybrid creature developed as normal. The experimenters then noted that the stalk of the fruiting body was stained red and that the spore head was unstained. Clearly, the anterior part of the organism culminated in the stalk and the posterior part in the spore head. Nowadays, experiments using DNA technology and fluorescent proteins or enzymes to label the prespore and prestalk cells have been undertaken. This more molecular approach gives more precise results than using staining dyes but has essentially backed up the results of the earlier dye studies.41 How the slime should be classified used to be______.（A）unknown（B）uncertain（C）controversial（D）unfamiliar42 According to the passage, what is unusual about the slime molds' life cycle?（A）They inhabit their own kingdom.（B）They are organisms whose classification is ambiguous.（C）They alternate between unicellular and multicellular structures.（D）They are free-living organisms.43 All of the followings are mentioned in the text as being parts of the multicellular slug EXCEPT______.（A）the head（B）the stalk（C）legs（D）spores44 Why does the author refer to the fungus-like organism asa fruiting body?（A）Because it has become one entity.（B）Because it is 2 millimeters in height.（C）Because it now has a stalk and head.（D）Because it has reached its reproductive stage.45 According to the passage, the recent DNA studies______.（A）give similar results to the dye studies（B）contradict the dye studies（C）are less exact than the dye studies（D）have introduced confusion about the dye study results45 Barry Schwartz did not expect to feel inspired on a clothes-shopping trip. "I avoid buying jeans; I wear one pair until it falls apart," says Schwartz, an American psychology professor. "The last time I had bought a pair there had been just one style. But recently I was asked if I wanted this fit or that fit, or this color or that. I intended to be out shopping for five minutes but it took an hour, and I began to feel more and more dissatisfied. "This trip made him think: did more choice always mean greater satisfaction? " I'd always believed that choice was good, andmore choice was better. My experience got me thinking: how many others felt like me?"The result was a widely discussed study that challenged the idea that more is always better. Drawing on the psychology of economics, which looks at how people choose what to buy, Schwartz designed a questionnaire to show the differences between what he termed "maximisers" and "satisficers." Broadly speaking, maximisers are keen to make the best possible choices, and often spend time researching to ensure that their purchases cannot be bettered. Satisficers are the easy-going people, delighted with items that are simply acceptable.Schwartz puts forward the view, which contrasts with what politicians and salesmen would have people believe, that the unstoppable growth in choice is in danger of ruining lives. "I'm not saying no choice is good. But the average person makes at least 200 decisions every day, and I don't think there's room for any more. "His study may help to explain the peculiar paradox of the wealthy West — psychologists and economists are puzzled by the fact that people have not become happier as they have become richer. Infact, the ability to demand whatever is wanted whenever it is wanted has instead led to rising expectations.The search for perfection can be found in every area of life from buying soap powder to selecting a career. Certain decisions may automatically close off other choices, and some people are then upset by the thought of what else might have been. Schwartz says, "If you make a decision and it's disappointing, don't worry about it, it may actually have been a good decision, just not as good as you had hoped."One fact that governments need to think about is thatpeople seem more inclined to buy something if there are fewer, not more, choices. If that's true for jeans, then it is probably true for cars, schools and pension funds. "If there are few options, the world doesn't expect you to make the perfect decision. But when there are thousands it's hard not to think there's a perfect one out there, and that you'll find it if you look hard enough.If you think that Internet shopping will help, think again: "You want to buy something and you look at three websites. How long will it take to look at one more? Two minutes? It's only a click. Before you know it you've spent three hours trying to decide which ￡10 item to buy. It's crazy. You've used another evening that you could have spent with your friends. "Schwartz, who describes himself as a natural satisficer, says that trying to stop our tendency to be maxi-misers will make us happier. "The most important recommendation I can give is to lower personal expectations," he says. "But no one wants to hear this because they all believe that perfection awaits the wise decision maker. Life isn't necessarily like that."46 Why may some advice be rejected?47 What confuses experts according to the passage?48 What can be the emotional effect of the result of makinga choice?49 How was Schwartz's research undertaken?50 How can personality be defined in the text?三、Writing51 Directions: In this part you are going to write an essay of about 400-500 words within 60 minutes on the topic as follows. Write your response on the answer sheet T opic Some people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed if they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists. Others, however,believe that is the only way to save these traditions. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on the issue. Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or observations.。
南京大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解
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目 录2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part O e: Proof ReadingThe following sentences contain some errors. Copy and edit them on your answer sheet. (1.5×10) 1．An important information I got from her is our teacher’s new marriage.2．She had a lot of difficulty with the long vowel /ei/, so I taught her how to pronounce.3．The tutor asked the pupils: “How to write an essay on your mother?”4．The volleyball players of our department went through very tough training for a whole semester and finally win the championship of the university.5．I felt frustrated and wondered why my English wasn’t improved even after having watched many movies and read many books.6．The news of the H1N1 flu worried the headmaster, but another news was upbeat: so far, everyone in his school was healthy.7．All of us in the class would like to become a teacher in the future.8．In high school, we had to take many classes, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, mathematics and history and so on.9．The students found it dissatisfied that their hard work was not rewarded or recognized. 10．The university attaches great importance to teacher’s research and publications.【答案与解析】1．An: The（information为不可数名词，因此将An改为The。
暨南大学211翻译硕士英语2016
2016年全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试试题(A卷)*********************************************************************学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研究方向：英语笔译考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
I.Vocabulary&Grammar(30%)Directions:There are30sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.Whenever possible,Ina________how well she speaks Japanese.A.shows upB.shows aroundC.shows offD.shows out2.As the director can’t come to the reception,I’m representing the company________.A.on his accountB.on his behalfC.for his partD.in his interest3.The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight________are.A.paymentsB.chargesC.fundsD.prices4.The ball________two or three times before rolling down the slope.A.swayedB.bouncedC.hoppedD.darted5.He has been transferred to the University of Maryland Medical Center and is waiting to________surgery.A.undergoB.unfoldC.underestimateD.undertake6.We hold these truths to be self-_______:that all men are created equal.A.essentialB.eternalC.evidentD.exquisite7.The bear clawed the hunter within_______of his life.A.closeB.reachC.a spaceD.an inch8.The third candidate is a________.She’s new to politics and is just beginning her campaign.A.white elephantB.dark horseC.sleeperD.big hit9.We go to the Summer Palace on foot________.A.on purposeB.on occasionsC.on behalfD.on trial10.It was cloudy this morning,but it________fine.A.turned onB.turned overC.turned upD.turned out11.In his________to further knowledge of the universe,man has now begun to explore space.A.attemptB.expeditionC.trialD.chase12.The bus moved slowly in the thick fog.We arrived at our________almost two hours later.A.designationB.destinyC.destinationD.dignity13.The nuclear family________a self-contained,self-satisfying unit composed of father,mother and children.A.refers toB.definesC.describesD.devotes to14.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that elderly Americans are________by social isolation and loneliness.A.reproachedB.favoredC.plaguedD.reprehended15.The Pacific island attracts shoals of tourists with its rich________of folk arts.A.heritageB.heredityC.heroismD.hermitage16.It is imperative that students________their term papers on time.A.handing inB.handed inC.hand inD.would hand in17.An old woman was badly hurt in________the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whatever18.________on a clear day,far from the city crowds,the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.A.If walkingB.While walkingC.WalkingD.When one is walking19.After the Arab states won independence,great emphasis was laid on expanding education,with girls as well boys________to go to school.A.to be encouragedB.been encouragedC.being encouragedD.be encouraged20.Joan didn’t go to the party last night because she________the baby for her sister until9:30.A.must have looked afterB.would have to looked afterC.had to look afterD.should have looked after21.We are going to London next month.This will be the first time I________there.A.have traveledB.travelC.will travelD.am traveling22.John is________hardworking than his sister,but he failed in the exam.A.no lessB.no moreC.not lessD.no so23.Americans eat________as they actually need every day.A.twice as much proteinB.twice protein as much twiceC.twice protein as muchD.protein as twice much24.Who________was coming to see me in my office this afternoon?A.you saidB.did you sayC.did you say thatD.you did say25.She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit,________?A.hadn’t sheB.hasn’t sheC.wouldn’t sheD.didn’t she26.________you________further problems with your printer,contact your dealer for advice.A.If;hadB.Have;hadC.Should;haveD.In case;had27.________we wish him prosperous,we have objections to his ways of obtaining wealth.A.Much asB.As muchC.More asD.As well as28.Among the first to come and live in North America________,who later prospered mainly in New England.A.had been Dutch settlersB.Dutch settlers were thereC.were Dutch settlersD.Dutch settlers had been there29._______there was an epidemic approaching,Mr.Smith________the invitation to visit that area.A.If he knew;would have declinedB.If he had known;would declineC.Had he known;would declineD.Had he known;would have declined30.In the dark they could not see anything clear,but could________.A.hear somebody mournB.hear somebody mourningC.hear somebody mournedD.hear somebody had been mourningII.Reading Comprehension(40%)Directions:This part consists of two sections.In Section A,there are three passages followed by a total of15multiple-choice questions.In Section B,there is one passage followed by a total of5short-answer questions.Read the passages and write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Section A Multiple-Choice Questions(30%)Passage1Questions31to35are based on the following passage.The head of the Library of Congress is to name Donald Hall,a writer whose deceptively simple language builds on images of the New England landscape,as the nation’s14th poet laureate today.Mr.Hall，a poet in the distinctive American tradition of Robert Frost,has also been a harsh critic of the religious right’s influence on government arts policy.And as a member of the advisory council of the National Endowment for the Arts during the administration of George H.W.Bush,he referred to those he thought were interfering with arts grants as“bullies and art bashers”.He will succeed Ted Kooser,the Nebraskan who has been the poet laureate since 2004.The announcement of Mr.Hall’s appointment is to be made by James H. Billington,the Librarian of Congress.Mr.Billington said that he chose Mr.Hall because of“the sustained quality of his poetry,the reach and the variety of things he talks about”.Like Mr.Kooser,Mr.Billington said,“Mr.Hall evokes a sense of place.”Mr.Hall,77,lives in a white clapboard farmhouse in Wilmot,N.H.,that has been in his family for generations.He said in a telephone interview that he didn’t see the poet laureateship as a bully pulpit.“But it’s a pulpit anyway,”he said.“If I see First Amendment violations,I will speak up.’’Mr.Hall is an extremely productive writer who has published about18books of poetry,20books of prose and12children’s books.He has won many awards,including a national Book Critics Circle Award in1989for“The One Day”，a collection.In recent years much of his poetry has been preoccupied with the death of his wife,the poet Jane Kenyon,in1995.Robert Pinsky,who was poet laureate from1997to2000said he welcomed Mr. Hall’s appointment，especially in light of his previous outspokenness about politics and arts.“There is something nicely symbolic，and maybe surprising,”Mr.Pinsky said,“that they have selected someone who has taken a stand for freedom.”The position carries an award of$35,000and$5,000travel allowance.It usually lasts a year,though poets are sometimes reappointed.31.Donald Hall________.es simple English to express the images of the New England landscapeB.dislikes the idea of impacting government by the right side of the religionC.is the14th poet laureate appointed by the CongressD.is a member of the advisory council of the National Endowment for the Arts32.James H.Billington________.A.likes the poems with great depth and widthB.speaks highly of poems in simple English rather than complex onesC.prefers the poems with sustained style and expressionD.likes the poems with the knowledge of various things33.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Mr.Hall has published many books and magazines on poems.B.Mr.Hall is a critic of literature in the U.S.C.Mr.Hall has got many prizes for his talents in writing.D.Mr.Hall has got support from his predecessors.34.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Mr.Hall loves his wife very much.B.Mr.Hall takes the new appointment for granted.C.Mr.Hall has got great ideas from his wife.D.Mr.Hall may hold the position for another year.35.What is the best title for the passage?A.A Guard for Politics and ArtsB.A New Poet LaureateC.A Representative for FreedomD.The Winning of a PoetPassage2Questions36to40are based on the following passage.Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words.Words do provide us with some information,but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone.Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message.Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words.We don’t always say what we mean or mean what we say.Sometimes our words don’t mean anything except“I’m letting off some steam.I don’t really want you to pay close attention to what I’m saying.Just pay attention to what I’m feeling.”Mostly we mean several things at once.A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner,“This step has to be fixed before I’ll buy.”The owner says,“It’s been like that for years.”Actually,the step hasn’t been like that for years,but the unspoken message is:“I don’t want to fix it.We put up with it.Why can’t you?”The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed through examining a message in terms of who said it,when it occurred,the related conditions or situation,and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning.Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing.But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss.The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior.A friend’s unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness.Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example,a person who says“No!”to a serials of charges like“You’re dumb,”“You’re lazy,”and“You’re dishonest,”may also say“No!”and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is“And you’re good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented.The words,“If sure has been nice to have you over,”can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically.The phrase can be said once or repeated several times.And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly.Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance;sometimes the more we say something theless importance it assumes.36.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners,if ________.A.they use proper words to carry their ideasB.they both speak truly of their own feelingsC.they try to understand each other’s ideas beyond wordsD.they are capable of associating meaning with their words37.“I’m letting off some steam”in paragraph1means________.A.I’m just calling your attentionB.I’m just kiddingC.I’m just saying the oppositeD.I’m just giving off some sound38.The house-owner’s example shows that he actually means________.A.the step has been like that for yearsB.he doesn’t think it necessary to fix the stepC.the condition of the step is only a minor faultD.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared39.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical,but are justifiable if ________.A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertivenessB.seen as one’s habitual pattern of behaviorC.taken as part of an ordering sequenceD.expressed to a series of charges40.The word“ritualistically”in the last paragraph equals something done________.A.without true intentionB.light-heartedlyC.in a way of ceremonyD.with less emphasisPassage3Questions41to45are based on the following passage:Cellular slime molds are extraordinary life forms that exhibit features of both fungi and protozoa,although often classed for convenience with fungi.At one time they were regarded as organisms of ambiguous taxonomic status,but more recent analysis of DNA sequences has shown that slime molds should be regarded as inhabiting their own separate kingdom.Their uniqueness lies in their unusual life cycle,which alternates between a feeding stage in which the organism is essentially unicellular and a reproductive stage in which the organism adopts a multicellular structure.At the first stage they are free-living,separate amoebae,usually inhabiting the forest floor and ingesting bacteria found in rotting wood,dung,or damp soil.But their food supplies are relatively easily exhausted since the cells’movements are restricted and their food requirements ratherlarge.When the cells become starved of nutrition,the organism initiates a new genetic program that permits the cells to eventually find a new,food-rich environment.At this point,the single-celled amoebae combine together to form what will eventually become a multicellular creature.The mechanism by which the individual members become a single entity is essentially chemical in nature.At first,a few of the amoebae start to produce periodic chemical pulses that are detected,amplified,and relayed to the surrounding members,which then move toward the pulse origin.In time,these cells form many streams of cells,which then come together to form a single hemispherical mass.This mass sticks together through the secretion of adhesion molecules.The mass now develops a tip,which elongates into a finger-like structure of about 1or2millimeters in length.This structure eventually falls over to form a miniature slug,moving as a single entity orienting itself toward light.During this period the cells within the mass differentiate into two distinct kinds of cell.Some become prestalk cells,which later form into a vertical stalk,and others form prespore cells,which become the spore head.As the organism migrates,it leaves behind a track of slime rather like a garden slug.Once a favorable location has been found with a fresh source of bacteria to feed on,the migration stops and the colony metamorphoses into a fungus-like organism in a process known as“culmination.”The front cells turn into a stalk,and the back cells climb up the stalk and form a spherical-shaped head,known as the sorocarp.This final fruiting body is about2millimeters in height.The head develops into spores,which are dispersed into the environment and form the next generation of amoebae cells.Then the life cycle is ually the stalk disappears once the spores have been released.The process by which the originally identical cells of the slime mold become transformed into multicellular structures composed of two different cell types—spore and stalk—is of great interest to developmental biologists since it is analogous to an important process found in higher organisms in which organs with highly specialized functions are formed from unspecialized stem cells.Early experiments showed which parts of the slime mold organism contributed to the eventual stalk and which parts to the head.Scientists stained the front part of a slug with a red dye and attached it to the back part of a different slug.The hybrid creature developed as normal.The experimenters then noted that the stalk of the fruiting body was stained red and that the spore head was unstained.Clearly,the anterior part of the organism culminated in the stalk and the posterior part in the spore head.Nowadays,experiments using DNA technology and fluorescent proteins or enzymes to label the prespore and prestalk cells have been undertaken.This more molecular approach gives more precise results than using staining dyes but has essentially backed up the results of the earlier dye studies.41.How the slime should be classified used to be_________.A.unknownB.uncertainC.controversialD.unfamiliar42.According to the passage,what is unusual about the slime molds’life cycle?A.They inhabit their own kingdom.B.They are organisms whose classification is ambiguous.C.They alternate between unicellular and multicellular structures.D.They are free-living organisms.43.All of the followings are mentioned in the text as being parts of the multicellular slug EXCEPT________.A.the headB.the stalkC.legsD.spores44.Why does the author refer to the fungus-like organism as a fruiting body?A.Because it has become one entity.B.Because it is2millimeters in height.C.Because it now has a stalk and head.D.Because it has reached its reproductive stage.45.According to the passage,the recent DNA studies_________.A.give similar results to the dye studiesB.contradict the dye studiesC.are less exact than the dye studiesD.have introduced confusion about the dye study resultsSection B Short-Answer Questions(10%)Passage4Questions46to50are based on the following passage:Barry Schwartz did not expect to feel inspired on a clothes-shopping trip.“I avoid buying jeans;I wear one pair until it falls apart,”says Schwartz,an American psychology professor.“The last time I had bought a pair there had been just one style. But recently I was asked if I wanted this fit or that fit,or this color or that.I intended to be out shopping for five minutes but it took an hour,and I began to feel more and more dissatisfied.”This trip made him think:did more choice always mean greater satisfaction?“I’d always believed that choice was good,and more choice was better. My experience got me thinking:how many others felt like me?”The result was a widely discussed study that challenged the idea that more is always better.Drawing on the psychology of economics,which looks at how people choose what to buy,Schwartz designed a questionnaire to show the differences between what he termed‘maximisers’and‘satisficers’.Broadly speaking,maximisers are keen to make the best possible choices,and often spend time researching to ensure that their purchases cannot be bettered.Satisficers are the easy-going people,delighted with items that are simply acceptable.Schwartz puts forward the view,which contrasts with what politicians and salesmen would have people believe,that the unstoppable growth in choice is in danger of ruining lives.“I’m not saying no choice is good.But the average person makes at least200decisions every day,and I don’t think there’s room for any more.”His study may help to explain the peculiar paradox of the wealthy West—psychologists and economists are puzzled by the fact that people have not become happier as they have become richer.In fact,the ability to demand whatever is wanted whenever it is wantedhas instead led to rising expectations.The search for perfection can be found in every area of life from buying soap powder to selecting a career.Certain decisions may automatically close off other choices,and some people are then upset by the thought of what else might have been. Schwartz says,“If you make a decision and it’s disappointing,don’t worry about it,it may actually have been a good decision,just not as good as you had hoped.”One fact that governments need to think about is that people seem more inclined to buy something if there are fewer,not more,choices.If that’s true for jeans,then it is probably true for cars,schools and pension funds.“If there are few options,the world doesn’t expect you to make the perfect decision.But when there are thousands it’s hard not to think there’s a perfect one out there,and that you’ll find it if you look hard enough.”If you think that Internet shopping will help,think again：”You want to buy something and you look at three websites.How long will it take to look at one more? Two minutes?It’s only a click.Before you know it you’ve spent three hours trying to decide which£10item to buy.It’s crazy.You’ve used another evening that you could have spent with your friends.”Schwartz,who describes himself as a natural satisficer,says that trying to stop our tendency to be maximisers will make us happier.“The most important recommendation I can give is to lower personal expectations,”he says.“But no one wants to hear this because they all believe that perfection awaits the wise decision maker.Life isn’t necessarily like that.”46.Why may some advice be rejected?47.What confuses experts according to the passage?48.What can be the emotional effect of the result of making a choice?49.How was Schwartz’s research undertaken?50.How can personality be defined in the text?III.Writing(30%)Directions:In this part you are going to write an essay of about400-500words within60minutes on the topic as follows.Write your response on the Answer Sheet. TopicSome people think that cultural traditions will be destroyed if they are used as money-making attractions aimed at tourists.Others,however,believe that is the only way to save these traditions.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on the issue.Support your position with reasoning and examples taken from your reading,studies, experience,or observations.。
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2016年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解
Ⅰ. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)
Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1. Whenever possible, Ina _____ how well she speaks Japanese.
A. shows up
B. shows around
C. shows off
D. shows out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：只要有可能，她就会展示她的日语说得多么好。
show off炫耀；卖弄。
show up露面。
show around带领……参观。
show out送出（客人）。
因此，本题的正确答案为C。
2. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the company _____.
A. on his account
B. on his behalf
C. for his part
D. in his interest
【答案】B
【解析】句意：由于经理不能来参加招待会，我作为他的代表来代表公司参加。
on one’s behalf代表某人。
on one’s account为了某人。
for one’s part就某人来说。
in one’s interest符合某人的利益。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
3. The price of the coal will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight _____ are.
A. payments
B. charges
C. funds
D. prices
【答案】B
【解析】句意：煤的价格会根据需要运输的距离以及运费的高低而变化。
charge要价，收费。
payment付款，支付。
fund基金；资金。
price价格。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
4. The ball _____ two or three times before rolling down the slope.
A. swayed
B. bounced
C. hopped
D. darted
【答案】B
【解析】句意：滚下斜坡前，球弹了两三次。
bounce弹跳。
sway摇摆。
hop单足跳跃。
dart投掷。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
5. He has been transferred to the University of Maryland Medical Center and is waiting to _____ surgery.
A. undergo
B. unfold
C. underestimate
D. undertake
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他已被转到马里兰大学医学中心，正在等待进行手术。
undergo经历，经受。
undergo surgery为固定搭配，意为“进行手术”。
unfold展开；显露。
underestimate 低估。
undertake从事；着手做。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
6. We hold these truths to be self-_____: that all men are created equal.
A. essential
B. eternal
C. evident
D. exquisite
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们认为这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等。
evident明显的；明白的。
essential基本的；必要的。
eternal永恒的；不朽的。
exquisite精致的。
self-evident意为“不言而喻的；不证自明的”。
因此，本题的正确答案为C。
7. The bear clawed the hunter within _____ of his life.
A. close
B. reach
C. a space
D. an inch
【答案】D
【解析】句意：那熊差一点把猎人给撕碎了。
本题考查固定搭配，within an inch of意为“差一点”。
因此，本题的正确答案为D。
8. The third candidate is a _____. She’s new to politics and is just b eginning her campaign.
A. white elephant
B. dark horse
C. sleeper
D. big hit
【答案】B
【解析】句意：第三个候选人是一匹黑马，她是政治新手，才刚刚开始她的竞选活动。
dark horse黑马。
white elephant无价值的东西。
sleeper卧车；睡眠者。
big hit热门；非常成功。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
9. We go to the Summer Palace on foot _____.
A. on purpose
B. on occasions
C. on behalf
D. on trial
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们有时候步行去颐和园。
on occasion有时，间或。
on purpose故意。
on behalf代表。
on trial在试验中；在受审。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
10. It was cloudy this morning, but it _____ fine.
A. turned on
B. turned over
C. turned up
D. turned out
【答案】D
【解析】句意：早上还是多云，但最后却转晴了。
turn out最后是；结果是。
turn on打开。
turn over移交给；翻阅。
turn up出现。
因此，本题的正确答案为D。
11. In his _____ to further knowledge of the universe, man has now begun to explore space.
A. attempt
B. expedition
C. trial
D. chase
【答案】A
【解析】句意：为了进一步了解宇宙，人类已经开始探索太空。
attempt尝试；企图。
expedition远征。
trial试验。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
12. The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our _____ almost two hours later.
A. designation
B. destiny
C. destination
D. dignity
【答案】C
【解析】句意：公共汽车在浓雾中开得很慢，大约两小时后，我们才到达目的地。
destination 目的地，终点。
designation指定。
destiny命运。
dignity尊严。
因此，本题的正确答案为C。
13. The nuclear family _____ a self-contained, self-satisfying unit composed of father, mother and children.
A. refers to
B. defines。