山东大学网络教育英语模拟题(答案详解版)
一、Cloze
In Britain, a student who receives further full-time education after the age of eighteen, either at a university or at a teachers’ training college or at some other college giving training of a 1 type, can usually receive a grant from the public authorities to cover his expenses, or most of them, unless his parents have a large income. But the number of young people who can 2 universities is limited by the capacity of the universities, which is 3 than enough to take all the young people who have the basic qualifications for university admission. In practice, therefore, entry to the universities is competitive. But university degree courses （学位课程）are also 4 at polytechnics, and entry to the Open University is less restricted.
The academic year begins after the summer holidays and is divided into three “terms”, with the 5 between them formed by the Christmas and Easter holidays. The exact dates of the holidays vary from area to area, 6 in general about two weeks at Christmas and Easter, plus often a week or more at Whitsun, and six weeks in the summer, beginning rather late. Schools outside the state system decide on their own holiday 7 , generally taking a month off at Christmas and Easter and eight weeks in the summer. The three terms are not everywhere called by the same names; indeed 8 schools call the January-March period “the Spring Term”, others use “Spring Term” for the period April-July. Some call the January term “Winter Term” (which is logical), others call it “Easter Term”.
Day-schools mostly work Monday to Friday only, from about 9 9 to between 3 and 4 p.m. Lunch is provided and parents pay for it unless they prove to the authorities that they cannot well afford 10 . All primary school children, including those in independent schools, were given milk free of charge until 1970 when the Government abolished this benefit.
在英国，18岁以后接受进一步全日制教育的学生，无论是在大学或教师培训学院，或是在其他特殊类型的培训学院，通常都可以从公共部门获得补助金来支付他的开支，或者大部分费用，除非他的父母有大笔收入。但是，进入大学的年轻人数量受到大学能力的限制，这还不足以容纳所有具备大学入学基本资格的年轻人。因此，在实践中，进入大学是有竞争力的。但是理工学院也有大学学位课程，开放大学的入学限制也较小。
学年从暑假后开始，分为三个学期，每学期之间的间隔由圣诞节和复活节假期组成。假期的确切日期因地制宜，一般在圣诞节和复活节两周左右，加上惠特桑通常一周或一周以上，夏天六周左右，开始相当晚。国家系统以外的学校决定自己的假期，通常在圣诞节和复活节休息一个月，在夏天休息八周。这三个术语并非到处都用相同的名字来称呼；事实上，一些学校称1-3月为“春季学期”，另一些学校称4-7月为“春季学期”。有些人称一月为“冬季学期”（合乎逻辑），另一些人称之为“复活节学期”。
日间学校大多只在周一到周五工作，从上午9点到下午3点到4点。提供午餐，父母支付午餐费用，除非他们向当局证明他们负担不起。所有的小学儿童，包括那些在独立学校的儿童，直到1970年政府废除了这项福利，才免费获得牛奶。
1.
A.particular
B.especial
C.special
D.peculiar
2.
A.enter
B.admit
C.go in
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5f14312329.html,e in
3.
A.more
B.less
C.much
D.little
4.
A.capable
B.possible
C.probable
D.available
5.
A.turns
B.intervals
C.rounds
D.times
6.
A.being
B.doing
C.having
D.getting
7.
A.days
B.dates
C.periods
D.ages
8.
A.lots
B.any
C.many
D.some
9.
A.a.m.
B.p.m.
C.B.C.
D.A.D.
10.
A.down
B.off
C.to
D.from
二、Reading Comprehension 2
Sometimes a book can help change history. One book that certainly did was Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was a book that spoke out against slavery.
有时候一本书可以帮助改变历史。当然，有一本书是由哈里特·比彻·斯托写的《汤姆叔叔的小屋》。这是一本反对奴隶制的书。
As Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote her book, there were over 3.5 million slaves in the United States. Slaves were usually in the cotton-growing states of the South. The Northern States has ended slavery. Yet most northerners were not strongly against slavery. They did not mind that slavery continued in the South.
哈丽雅特·比彻·斯托（HarrietBeecherStowe）写这本书时说，美国有350多万奴隶。奴隶通常在南方种植棉花的州。北方各州已经结束了奴隶制。然而，大多数北方人并不强烈反对奴隶制。他们不介意南方继续有奴隶制。
Stowe decided to make people understand that slavery was very bad. Each night after putting r six children to bed, she worked on her book. She told the owner. She also told how the slaves tried to run away for freedom. Uncle Tom’s Cabin first came in 1852. Over 300,000 books were sold out in a year.
斯托决定让人们明白奴隶制是非常糟糕的。每天晚上，在让R 6个孩子睡觉后，她都在写她的书。她告诉店主。她还告诉我们奴隶们是如何为了自由而逃跑的。汤姆叔叔的小屋第一次来到是在1852年。一年内售出超过30万本书。
People had different ideas about the book. In the North, many people finally believed that slavery must be ended after they read the book. In the South, many people were very angry at the people in the North. By 1861 the two parts of the country were at war. The Civil War, which lasted until of cease, was made to happen by many things. Yet Uncle Tom’s Cabin surely played a part. Stowe met President Linclon in 1862. As Lincl on took her hand, he said, “So you are the woman who starred the big war.”
人们对这本书有不同的看法。在北方，许多人最终相信奴隶制必须在读完这本书后结束。在南方，许多人对北方人非常愤怒。到1861年，该国的两个地区处于交战状态。内战一直持续到结束，这是由许多事情造成的。但汤姆叔叔的小屋确实起了作用。斯托于1862年会见了林克罗总统。当林克罗握住她的手时，他说，“你就是那场大战的主角。”
11.Before Uncle Tom’s Cabin came out, most Northerners ______.
A.were slaves in the South
B.did not know how bad slavery was
C.kept slaves in their homes
D.understood that slavery was wrong
12.While many Northerners agreed with Harriet Beacher Stowe ,______.
A.many southerners wanted war
B.many southerners had not read the book
C.many southerners were angry at her
D.some slaves tried to run away from North
13.From the text, we can infer that _______.
A.Stowe was a very young woman
B.Stowe’s husband was dead when she wrote the story
C.Stowe wrote her book with stories from her six children
D.Stowe could not work on her book at all during the daytime
14.Uncle Tom’s Cabin was _______.
A. a book about Harriet Beecher Stowe
B.a history book
C.a book that helped change history
D.a book about the American Civil war
15.Harriet Beecher Stowe _______.
A.was a little woman who started the American Civil War together with Abraham Linclon
B.was strongly against the slavery
C.helped some slaves to run away from the South
D.met Abraham Lincoln before the Civil War
三、Vocabulary and Structure
16.She breathed a ______of relief when the expected disaster did not happen.
A.sigh
B.breath
C.air
D.gas
当预料中的灾难没有发生时，她松了一口气。
17. Daylight ______ long in the summer time.
A.lingers（v.继续存留; 缓慢消失; 流连; 逗留; 徘徊; ）
B.stays
C.hovers
D.persists
夏日里白天很长。
to file（n.文件夹; 卷宗; (计算机的) 文件; 档案(申请);）more selective applications.
A.motivation（n.动机; 动力; 诱因;）
B.excitement（n.激动; 兴奋; 刺激; 令人激动(或兴奋)的事;）
C.amusement（n.可笑; 愉悦; 娱乐; 娱乐活动; 游戏; 消遣活动;）
D.pressure（n.压力; 挤压; 压强; 大气压;v.施加压力; 迫使; 使（机舱等）增压;）
公司现在有动力提出更具选择性的申请。
19.
A.gloomy（
兴旺的;）
C.valueless（adj.没有价值的; 不值钱的;）
D.of a total failure（完全失败）
第一场比赛的结果是灾难性的
20.An electronic
冲）his concentration.
A.caused to lose concentration suddenly（突然失去注意力）
B.broke off（断开）
C.ceased （v.(使)停止，终止，结束）
D.stopped
一条电子信息打断了他的注意力。
21. The solid particles were filtered ________ before the solution was used.
A.out
B.over
C.off
D.on
固体颗粒在使用溶液前被过滤掉。
22. The sloppy reasoning of the speaker disappointed his supporters.
A. plain
B.discontinuous
C.inconsistent
D.careless（adj.粗心的;）
演讲者的马虎推理使他的支持者失望。
23. The river dried up during the hot _______.
A. period
B.fit
C.scorcher（n.大热天;精彩的击球(或射门等)）
D.spell
这条河在酷暑期间干涸了。
24.After three years of efforts, the scientists got _______ further than isolating a single gene with
a single known function.
A.no
B.Never
C.seldom
D.not get no further than不超过
经过三年的努力，科学家们得到的仅仅是分离出一个具有已知功能的基因。
25. ______ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired.
A. As
B.Once
C.Although
D.Lest
虽然允许接受家庭、社区或政府的财政支持，但这一点从未被人钦佩。
26.Philip Roth was ______ as a major new author in 1960.
A.published（v.出版;发行;(在报刊)发表，刊登，登载;(在互联网上)发表，公布）
B.hailed
C.guided（v.指引、指导adj.有指导的;有向导的）
D.supposed（v.推断、假想adj.误以为的;误信的;）was hailed as被誉为
1960年，菲利普·罗斯被誉为一位重要的新作家。
27.Democracy and freedom in American families enable each family member to have a ________.
A.speak
B.tell
C.say（have a say有发言权）
D.talk
美国家庭的民主和自由使每个家庭成员都有发言权
28. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than _______a room with someone else.
A. share
B.to share
C.sharing
D.to have shared
我宁愿自己有一个房间，不管它有多小，也不愿和别人共用一个房间。
29.By making tapes for her children, Rebekah tried to cram a lifetime of love______ a few precious hours.
A.with
B.in
C.on
D.into（cram into塞进）
利百加为她的孩子们制作磁带，试图把一生的爱塞进宝贵的几个小时。
30.Global warming is likely to _____ a series of unpleasant effects.
A.double
B.fasten（v.(使两部分)系牢，扎牢，结牢，扣紧;(使)关紧，盖好;使牢固;使固定）
C.trigger（v.发动、引起n.（枪的)扳机;(尤指引发不良反应或发展的)起因，诱因;触发器;引爆器）
D.alleviate（v.减轻;缓和;缓解）
全球变暖可能会引发一系列不愉快的影响。
31. Researchers have only succeeded in marking off fragmentary （adj.残缺不全的;不完整的）stretches（v.拉长、伸展n.一片;一泓;一段;(连续的)一段时间;服刑期）of DNA.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/5f14312329.html,bined（adj.联合的、总计的;v.(使)结合，组合，合并）
B.single
C.connected（adj. 有关的;有联系的v.(使)连接;联结;使…连接;接通;）
D.disconnected（adj.分离的;断开的;v.切断(煤气、水或电的供应);切断(电话服务);停止供应(水、电、燃气);使分离;使脱离）
研究人员只成功地划出了DNA碎片。
32. You can write to him if you ____________ my word.
A.suspicion
B.doubt
C.uncerta in
D.Unsure
如果你怀疑我的话，你可以写信给他。
33. He was quite ___________ to teach them a lesson.
A.determined（be determined to下决定，下决心）
B.determining
C.determine
D.determination 他决心给他们上一课。
34.The scientist ________ a method of desalting seawater.
A.decided
B.placed
C.perfected（v.使完善;使完美;使完备）
D.played
这位科学家完善了海水淡化的方法。
35.The teacher is working at his ________ changing them and bettering them.
A.lectures
B.lessons
C.classes
D.subjects
老师正在通过演讲，来改变他们，让他们变得更优秀。
36.When he awoke, he found himself ___________ by an old woman.
A. being looking after
B.be looked after
C.being looked after（被照顾着）
D.to be looked after
当他醒来时，他发现自己被一位老妇人照顾着。
37. In addition（另外;加之;除…之外）, teaching staff is willing __________ extra help if a student needs.
A.to providing
B.to provide
C.provide
D.provided be willing to do愿意去做
此外，如果学生需要，老师们愿意提供额外的帮助。
38. The district grew peas ___________ a large scale.
A.on
B.in
C.by
D.to grow on 越来越被…喜欢;逐渐为…所喜爱；在上面生长
这个地区大面积种植豌豆。
39.Its European territory ________ about 2,000,000 square miles.
A.extends
B.covers
C.locates
D.lies cover about 覆盖了
欧洲领土面积约200万平方英里。
40. He expects his son to carry ___________ the family tradition.
A.in
B.on
C.off
D.beyond
carry off成功完成;赢得，获得（奖项、奖杯）carry on继续;接着;坚持;举行;进行;开展;喋喋不休;絮絮叨叨carry in输入；携带
他希望儿子继承家族传统。
41.A miner（n.矿工; 采矿者）works underground, digging out ________ such as coal, copper, and diamonds.
A.mines
B.miners
C.minors（n.未成年人;辅修科目;辅修课程v.辅修）
D.minerals
矿工在地下工作，挖掘诸如煤、铜和钻石等矿物。
四、Translate the following sentences into English
1.科学家们已成功分离出具有单项已知功能的单个而明显的基因。(isolate, function)
Scientis have succeeded in isolating single crisp genes with a single known function.
2.这件事对我很有益，使我从此不再多愁善感。（keep from）
It is good for me. It keeps me from being sentimental.
3.通讯技术的每一个进步都是人类交往的亲密程度的一种倒退。(advance, setback)
Every advance in communications technology is a setback to the intimacy of human interaction. 4.美国人喜欢棒球和橄榄球，这并不足为奇。(not unusual)
It is not unusual that Americans are interested in football and baseball.
5.一些大学白天晚上都授课。（as well as）
Some universities hold classes at night, as well as in the daytime.
五、Translate the following sentences into Chinese
1. It is impossible to identify and isolate an “English” culture that is common to all the speakers of English.
不可能识别并分离出一种所有英语讲说者所共有的“英语”文化。
2. At first they refused but I managed to bring them around to my way of thinking.
开始，他们拒绝了，但我设法说服了他们。
3. Parents can help teens focus by making education relevant to their lives and by understanding how they learn best.
父母可以通过让教育和青少年的生活联系起来以及通过了解如何才能让他们学的更好来帮助他们集中注意力。
4. At last the meeting came to an end.
会议终于结束了。
5. Different friends fill different niches in each person’s life. These friendships are not made part of family life.
不同的朋友在每个人的生活中有不同的作用。他们不介入家庭生活。
6. Patel and his team tested the idea using an printer inkjet cartridge that had an array of 512 separate nozzles.
佩特尔及其同事运用有512个独立喷嘴的墨盒检验了这个想法。
六、Writing
1.要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
My favourite book
（1）你最喜欢的这本书的名字，你是怎样得到这本书的。
（2）这本书的大体内容。
（3）你为什么喜欢这本书。
My Favourite Book
Reading is my hobby（[?h?bi]n.业余爱好;）,therefore（[?ee?f??(r)]adv.因此; 所以; 因而;）I have read various（[?veri?s]
adj. 各种各样的; ）books by now. Of all the books I have read,"Jane Eyre"is my most favourite book which is written by Charlotte Bronte （[??ɑ?rl?t ?brɑnti]夏洛蒂勃朗特）.This book is mainly（[?me?nli]adv.
主要地; 大部分; ）about the heroine（[?hero??n]n.女主角，女英雄）Jane Eyre's whole life.It ranks（地位，级别，军衔）as one of the greatest and most popular works of English fiction（小说）. The unique （[ju?ni?k】adj.唯一的; 独一无二的; 独特的;）character（[?k?r?kt?r】n.品质，性格; 特点，）of Jane attracted me ,it's also the reason why I love this book.
There are many precious（[?pre??s]adj. 珍贵的; adv. 强调极少或太少;）qualities（[?kw?l?tiz]n.质量; 品质; 上乘; 优质; 高标准; (尤指好的) 人品，素质，品德;）I have learned from Jane.She was small in body but strong in soul（n.灵魂;）.Faced up with（面对、应对）miserable （[?m?zr?bl]adj.痛苦的; 令人不快的）life,she never gave up in pursuiting （[p?r?su?t]n.追求;） a happy life .She relied on（[r??la?ɑ?n]v.依靠; 信赖;）herself to struggle with the obstacles（[?ɑbst?k?lz]n.障碍; 阻碍; 绊脚石）
and tried her best to make a better life.Although beauty and wealth didn't belong to her,she could also possess（[p??zes]v.有; 拥有; 具有(特质); 攫住; 支配; 控制;）excellent（[?eks?l?nt]adj.优秀的; 杰出的;）qualities（[?kw?l?tiz]n.质量; 品质; 上乘; 优质; 高标准; (尤指好的) 人品，素质，品德;）,such as,self-respecting（[self r??spekt??]adj.有自尊心的;）,toughness（[t?fn?s]n.韧性;）and independence（[??nd??pend?ns]n.独立; 自立;）.Jane encountered（[?n?ka?nt?r]v.遭遇，n.相遇、冲突(体育) 比赛，交锋;）her love finally（[?fa?n?li]adv.终于; 最终; (用于列举) 最后; 彻底地; 决定性地;）but she chose（[t?o?z]）to leave,just because of her self-esteem（[?self ??sti?m]n.自尊心）.Fortunately（[?f??rt??n?tli]adv.幸运地）,Jane found her own happiness.
All in all（总之）,I love "Jane Eyre".Firstly, it taught me how to deal with troubles in our life. Secondly, it taught me no matter what kinds of obstacles（[?ɑbst?k?lz]n.障碍; 阻碍; 绊脚石）we will suffer from（[?s?f?r fr?m]v.受害于）,we should be optimistic（[?ɑ?pt??m?st?k】adj.乐观的;）and strong in soul.
山东大学网络教育学院-药剂2试题及答案
药剂学模拟题2 一、名词解释 1.制剂防病治病用的药物在应用以前需要制成一定的形式，即剂型。某一药物按照一定的质量标准，制成某一剂型，所得的制品称为制剂。 2.增溶剂用表面活性剂增大药物在水中的溶解度并形成澄清溶液的过程称为增溶。用于增溶的表面活性剂称为增溶剂。 3.热原热原是微生物的代谢产物，是一种内毒素，它能引起一些动物与人的体温异常升高。是由磷脂、脂多糖、蛋白质组成的复合物。 4.栓剂置换价置换价是指药物的重量与同体积基质重量之比。 DV=W/（G-（M-W）） 二、写出下列物质在药剂学中的主要作用 1.卡波普表面活性剂 2.微粉硅胶片剂润滑剂 3.微晶纤维素片剂的填充剂 4.HPMC 缓控释制剂的骨架 三、填空题 1. 物理灭菌法包括—(干热灭菌法)、(湿热灭菌法)、(紫外线灭菌)、(过滤灭菌)、(其他物理灭菌法)。 2. 植物性药材的浸出过程一般包括（浸润）（溶解）（扩散）（置换）四个相互联系的阶段。 3. 防止药物氧化的常用措施有（煮沸除氧）（通入惰性气体）（加入抗氧剂）（加入金属离子螯合剂）。
4. 气雾剂 由耐压容器 阀门系统 抛射剂 药物和附加剂四部分组成。 四、简答题 1. 在药物制剂设计研究时，防止氧化可采取哪些措施？ 答：防止药物氧化的常用措施有煮沸除氧、加抗氧剂、加金属离子螯合剂、通惰性气体、调节pH 、避光等。 2. 写出湿法制粒压片的工艺流程？ 混合 润湿剂或粘合剂 答 药物、辅料粉碎过筛----物料--------------- 制粒 干燥 软材----湿颗粒----干颗粒----整粒----压片 3. 写出Stokes 定律公式，根据Stokes 定律分析，增加混悬液稳定性可采取哪些措施？ 答 Stokes 定律 η ρρ9)(2212g r V -= 由Stokes 定律可看出，增加混悬剂稳定性的措施有：减少微粒粒径，增加介质粘度，调节介质密度以降低密度差。 五、计算题 1.计算下列处方是否等渗？应如何处理？ 处方： 氯霉素 5.0g 硼砂 3.0 g 硼酸 15.0 g 蒸馏水加至 1000ml
山东大学网络教育-(本科)英语答案二
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2017年山大网络教育专科计算机基础试题答案
一、单选题练习 1.完整的计算机系统由(C)组成。 A.运算器、控制器、存储器、输入设备和输出设备 B.主机和外部设备 C.硬件系统和软件系统 D.主机箱、显示器、键盘、鼠标、打印机 2.以下软件中，(D)不是操作系统软件。 A.Windows xp B.unix C.linux D.microsoft office 3.用一个字节最多能编出( D )不同的码。 A. 8 个 B. 16个 C. 128 个 D. 256个 4.任何程序都必须加载到( C )中才能被CPU执行。 A. 磁盘 B. 硬盘 C. 内存 D. 外存 5.下列设备中，属于输出设备的是(A)。 A.显示器 B.键盘 C.鼠标 D.手字板 6.计算机信息计量单位中的K代表( B )。 A. 102 B. 210 C. 103 D. 28 7.RAM代表的是( C )。 A. 只读存储器 B. 高速缓存器 C. 随机存储器 D. 软盘存储器 8.组成计算机的CPU的两大部件是( A )。 A.运算器和控制器 B. 控制器和寄存器 C.运算器和内存 D. 控制器和内存 9.在描述信息传输中bps表示的是(D)。
A. 每秒传输的字节数 B.每秒传输的指令数 C.每秒传输的字数 D.每秒传输的位数 10.微型计算机的内存容量主要指( A )的容量。 A. RAM B. ROM C. CMOS D. Cache 11.十进制数27对应的二进制数为( D )。 A.1011 B. 1100 C. 10111 D. 11011 12.Windows的目录结构采用的是(A)。 A.树形结构 B.线形结构 C.层次结构 D.网状结构 13.将回收站中的文件还原时，被还原的文件将回到(D)。 A.桌面上 B.“我的文档”中 C.内存中 D.被删除的位置 14.在Windows 的窗口菜单中，若某命令项后面有向右的黑三角，则表示该命令项( A )。 A. 有下级子菜单 B.单击鼠标可直接执行 C.双击鼠标可直接执行 D.右击鼠标可直接执行 15.计算机的三类总线中，不包括( C )。 A. 控制总线 B.地址总线 C.传输总线 D.数据总线 16.操作系统按其功能关系分为系统层、管理层和(D)三个层次。 A. 数据层 B.逻辑层 C.用户层 D.应用层 17.汉字的拼音输入码属于汉字的(A)。 A. 外码 B. 内码 C.ASCII 码 D.标准码 18.Windows的剪贴板是用于临时存放信息的( C )。 A.一个窗口 B.一个文件夹 C.一块内存区间 D.一块磁盘区间
山东大学网络教育小学期测试参考答案
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山东大学网络教育英语(本科)
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山东大学网络教育考试模拟题及答案(计算机信息管理)—网页设计与制作2
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