2021-2022年高三英语下学期周练试题承智班

2021-2022年高三英语下学期周练试题承智班

一、阅读理解

The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects.

Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long. Newspaper panies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, "At places where they gather, editors ask one another, ‘How are you?’, as if they have just e out of the hospital or a lost law case." An article about the newspaper appeared on the website of the Guardian, under the headline "NOT DEAD YET." Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death. Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value

in the past three years. The New York Times pany has seen its stock (股票) drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss ing in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock.

The Washington Post pany has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test-preparation service now brings in at least half the pany's ine.

1．What can we learn about the New England Courant?

A. It is mainly about the stock market.

B. It carries articles by political leaders.

C. It marks the beginning of newspapers.

D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.

2．What can we infer about the newspaper editors?

A. They often accept readers' suggestions.

B. They care a lot about each other's health.

C. They stop doing business with advertisers.

D. They face great difficulties in their business.

3．Which of the following found a new way for its development?

A. The Washington Post.

B. The Guardian.

C. The New York Times.

D. New England Courant.

4．How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers?

A. Satisfied.

B. Hopeful.

C. Surprised.

D. Worried.

Two new studies have investigated why fewer women, pared to men, study and work in the so-called STEM subjects in the United States: science, technology, engineering and mathematics.

The American Association of University Women(AAUW) examined existing research. Its report “Why So Few?” suggested ways to interest more girls and women in the STEM fields. The researchers found that cultural and environmental factors make a difference.

Researcher Christiane Corbett says more boys than girls score very high on math tests in most countries, but Iceland and Thailand are exceptions. “This is something that we point out in our report—that cultural factors and societal factors can make a difference in who achieves at the very high levels and whether girls are achieving or not.”

Another study carried out by the Campos pany for the Bayer Corporation in the United States asked more than 1,000 women and minority members of the American

Chemical Society about their experiences. 77% said not enough women and minorities are working in STEM today, because they were not encouraged to study those subjects in school.

The study, producing results similar to the AAUW research showed t here’s still a lot of work to be done. “They say their interest in science begins before the age of eleven. So we need programs that get in front of kids while they’re young in elementary school.”

Increasing diversity in professions leads to better products, better science. And developing this science and engineering workforce is important to the nation’s economic development.

“No matter what career you go into,whether it’s accounting,human resources or science career, it’s important that you can think cr eatively, you can work in teams, you can adapt to change and that’s important for everybody,” says Rebecca Lucore.

5．Which of the following is true about the situation in Iceland and Thailand?

A. Boys score higher in math tests than girls.

B. Girls are given more exceptional attention than boys.

C. More girls score higher in math than boys.

D. Boys are more creative than girls.

6．Which of the following are mentioned as important factors for women to go into the STEM fields according to the passage?

A. Gender and age.

B. Culture and environment.

C. Study and work experience.

D. Family background.

7．What’s the importance of having more women engaged in STEM subjects?

A. Women can help men in science and engineering work.

B. Women are wiser and more cooperative than men.

C. Women play a more important part in scientific research.

D. Having both women and men in science and engineering can produce better scientific achievement.

It’s cold and dark outside, and your bed is so warm and fortable. Going for a run seems like such a bad idea. But before you hide your running shoes, it might be worth giving that crazy idea a go.

According to The Huffington Post, an outdoor run in winter, as opposed to one on a treadmill (跑步机), burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate (调节) its core temperature. Furthermore, research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperatures—and quicker runs

burn more calories. Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger. Outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day. The heat and humidity in the summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing. It adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel alive.

Of course, the threat of smog in some built-up areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise. Heart attacks, stroke, lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog. The bination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems. If you do choose to run outside on smoggy days, take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust (尾气), and go early in the morning, before rush hour. But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.

8．How does cold weather benefit runners, pared with warm weather?

A. They can run more slowly.

B. They can take in more calories.

C. Their hearts can function harder.

D. Their body temperature can get lower.

9．How does summer affect runners?

A. It builds up their energy quickly.

B. It makes runners tired easily.

C. It lessens runners’ stress.

D. It causes heart attack.

10．What are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days?

A. Stop driving cars.

B. Do more exercise.

C. Avoid outdoor exercise.

D. Run late in the morning.

11．What can be the best title of the text?

A. Refresh with a Winter Run

B. Take Outdoor Exercise in Summer

C. Go to Run in a Park

D. Follow the Tips to Reduce Stress

As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balbe, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy. Many village munities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power-producing machines of wind farms; yet they never take "direct action", even though the planning laws put them at a severe disadvantage. And the generous subsidies (财政补贴) , which encourage the expansion of wind power, are not favorable to the village munities and set landowners in conflict with other residents (居民) .

Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damage they cause is out of proportion(比例) to the benefits they bring, because

their energy output cannot match that of the carbon-based power stations they are supposed to replace. Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is mitted to meeting EU ( European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation.

Against this background, the fact that there is an argument within the Government over whether to publish an official report on wind farms' impact on the countryside bees even more extraordinary. The two parties in the coalition (联合) government are in disagreement over what it should say.

We have some advice for the two parties: publish the report, and let the country be the judge. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful, it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them. Equally, supporters must argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why they are either misplaced or worthy of much attention.

The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an "acceptable" report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a certain way. Given the sensitivities involved, all the information should be available so that people can reach their own conclusions, rather than being left with the suspicion（猜疑）that facts are being replaced

by political beliefs.

12．We can learn from the first paragraph that__________.

A. many village munities are satisfied with the subsidies

B. the residents are in favor of the expansion of wind farms

C. energy policy catches much attention of the public

D. the planning laws offer great benefits to the residents 13．Supporters think that the expansion of wind power____.

A. is more rapid than that of carbon-based power

B. agrees with EU targets for non-carbon energy generation

C. is expected to be much better than that of nuclear power

D. guarantees an increase in energy output

14．It can be inferred from the passage that____.

A. an official report will settle the energy problem

B. the two parties are divided over the issue of wind farms

C. the two parties have agreed on a further negotiation

D. political beliefs concerning energy issue go against facts 15．Which of the following reflects the author's opinion?

A. Increase political impact on energy policy.

B. Leave the two parties to reach their own conclusions.

C. Let the nation judge the facts about wind power.

D. Release a statement of supporters on wind farm.

二、完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When your child is supposed to be doing homework,are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games?Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn’t____,____your child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things____! Many people believe that they can____two or more tasks at the same time,but Dr.Edward Hallowell says this is____.The reality is that multitasking____poor job performance.

New hand-held____such as smartphones,iPads,games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and “attention____” leading to difficulty focusing on the task____,such as listening in the classroom or doing homework.“____,the brain actually____kids for multitasking even though When your child is supposed to doing homework performance on every task gets worse

and worse.Kids don't know that they are doing____because they feel better when they multitask,”says Dr Edward Hallowell.

____the appearance of hand-held devices and social networking sites,teachers have noticed a difference in____performance,critical thinking skills and how information is____.“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understandi ng of the information they are trying to learn,”says Dr Edward Hallowell.Kids have a difficult time sticking with a ”difficult to understand" topic and____to allow themselves to be distracted(分散的),to tune out and switch___ to Facebook or using their cell phones____working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem.In the long____,multitasking affects grades.One study showed that kids that use the Internet while in class did____on tests resulting in lower grades.

16．A. play B. understand C. use D. work

17．A. only if B. even though C. so that D. no wonder

18．A. at once B. right away C. in no time D. at random

19．A. advocate B. deal C. perform D. prefer

20．A. impossible B. important C. impatient D. impolite

21．A. results in B. results from C. exists in D. exists from

22．A. designs B. discoveries C. equipment D. evidence

23．A. attract B. draw C. pay D. share

24．A. at hand B. on time C. on schedule D. at times

25．A. Uncertainly B. Unfortunately C. Universally D. Undoubtedly 26．A. remains B. rewards C. regards D. reflects

27．A. better B. well C. bad D. worse

28．A. Since B. Before C. When D. While

29．A. accidental B. accurate C. accessible D. academic

30．A. produced B. processed C. possessed D. promoted

31．A. tend B. attend C. intend D. pretend

32．A. out B. on C. off D. over

33．A. except for B. rather than C. more than D. apart from 34．A. run B. walk C. journey D. distance

35．A. hardly B. successfully C. poorly D. mildly

三、七选五

How to Deal with Being Taken for Granted

From an early stage in your life, you are taught to respect others, and do kind things for them. However, in some cases, people begin to take advantage of your kind nature, expecting more from you. 36．If you feel as if there are people in your life who take you for granted, it’s time to protect yourself.

Know that you have the right to feel respected. Social and cultural pressures may encourage you to believe that it’s rude to say “no” to others when they ask you for things. You may also have been taught to feel that your work is less valuable than others’ and does not deserve acknowledgement. 37．Everyone has the right to be respected and appreciated, and it isn’t wrong to want to be treated that way.

Identify what has changed in the relationship. If you feel taken for granted, it may be because you once felt valued by the person who is now taking you for granted. It might also be because the knowledge that you should feel appreciated but do not. 38．It can also help you find a solution for the relationship. 39．You know that you don’t want to feel taken for granted. But what do you want? It will be hard to see any change in your situation if you feel vague dissatisfaction but have no clear ideas on what would improve it. 40．Once you know the change about the relationship clearly, you’ll be able to take better

action to get you there.

A. Think about what you want.

B. Practice what you want to say.

C. These things can lead to you feeling taken for granted.

D. Try making a list of things that you would like to see the change about the relationship.

E. If you feel taken for granted by others, you need to municate that to the other person.

F. Such people may repeatedly ask you for favors without returning any favors or showing you any respect.

G. Whatever the cause is, identifying what has changed your interactions with the other person can help you feel better.

四、短文改错

41．Dear Mr White,

I am writing tell you a piece of good news. Last week our school hold a Spoken English petition. I stood out in the petition and won a first place. In my view, it is your kind help which has helped me gain the achievement. During your spare

time, you often spent such much time helping me with you spoken English that I made rapid progress. In the petition, I followed your advices on how to behave, which led to my success. I’m grateful to you for your help and decide that I will make up more efforts and try to make great progress in the future.

I’m looking forward to hear from you soon.

Your sincerely

Li Hua

五、书面表达

42．假定你是李华。你的美国朋友David生日将至，你画了一幅中国画“竹”，作为生日礼物寄送给他。请你写一封信，说明其寓意并表示祝福。

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

Dear David,

___________________________________________________________________________ __________________

___________________________________________________________________________ __________________

___________________________________________________________________________ __________________

___________________________________________________________________________ __________________

Yours,

Li Hua

1．C

2．D

3．A

4．D

【解析】本文主要讲述了美国报业从起源到现在面临的困境。作者通过回顾和现状事实的描述，也表达了自己的担忧：未来报业何去何从？

1．细节理解题。根据第一段the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天

所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故答案为C。

2．推理判断题。根据第二段Newspaper panies are losing advertisers, readers, market value可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, ‘How are you?’, as if they have just e out of the hospital or a lost law case."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故答案为D。

3．细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post 《华盛顿邮报》。故答案为A。

4．推理判断题。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故答案为D。

5．C

6．B

7．D

【解析】本文讲述了研究发现女性参与科技工作的人数较少，并分析了产生这种现象的原因。文章指出妇女从事科技工作会给科技界带来多样性，有利于碰撞出更多科研成果。5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段Researcher Christiane Corbett says more boys than

girls score very high on math tests in most countries, but Iceland and Thailand are exceptions.可知，冰岛和泰国女孩比男孩的数学得分高。故选C。

6．细节理解题。根据第三段This is something that we point out in our report —that cultural factors and societal factors can make a difference in who achieves at the very high levels and whether girls are achieving or not.可知，文化因素和社会因素是影响妇女走入科学界的重要因素。故选B。

7．细节理解题。根据第六段Increasing diversity in professions leads to better products, better science.可知，鼓励更多女性参与科技工作有利于取得更多的科研成果。故选D。

8．C

9．B

10．C

11．A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们在冬天跑步对身体的益处比在夏天跑步多，在冬天跑步更能振奋精神。

8．C细节理解题。根据第2段中 Similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body.可知，寒冷天气能使心脏更辛苦的工作，故选C。

9．B细节理解题。根据第3段中The heat and humidity in the summer can drag you down and tire you faster.可知，夏天使人疲劳得更快，故选B。

10．C细节理解题。根据第4段中But staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.可知，雾霾天呆在家里是最好的选择，故选C。11．A主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了人们在冬天跑步对身体的益处比在夏天跑步多，在冬天跑步更能振奋精神。故选A。

【名师点睛】

抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心，要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。比如小题4题干：What can be the best title of the text?文章可能的主题是什么？该篇前三个段落都是围绕冬天跑步的好处来讲述的，第四段是讲述雾霾天出去跑步的风险，故全文还是围绕冬天跑步的好处来说的，故选项A：Refresh with a Winter Run（冬季跑步让你焕然一新）适合作文章题目。

12．C

13．B

14．B

15．C

【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了能源政策引发了公众的注意。两个党派对于风力农场这个事件观点不一致，作者认为应该让全国人民来判断。

12．细节理解题。由第一段中的“few issues cause greater concern than energy policy”可知，没有什么比能源政策更能引起公众的注意，故C项（能源政策引发了公众的注意）正确。

13．推理判断题。由第二段中的“supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewable, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is mitted to meeting EU targets for non-carbon energy generation”可知，支持者认为，风能必须成为可再生能源的一部分，国家要致力于实现EU的目标，故B项“风能的发展要和EU的目标一致”正确。

14．细节理解题。由第三段中的“The two parties in the coalition (联合) government are in disagreement over what it should say”可知，两个党派对于风力农场这个问题观点不一致，故B项正确。

15．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“We have some advice for the two parties: publish the report, and let the country be the judge”和最后一段中的“all the information should be available so that people can reach their own conclusions”可知，作者的观点是让全国人民自己来做出判断。故C项正确。